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Strengthening student literacy is one of the important aspects in improving the quality of education in Indonesia. Literacy is not only the ability to read and write, but also the ability to understand, analyze, and apply information. In this case, the role of teachers is also very much needed. The ability of teachers to manage and implement the learning process or the process of strengthening literacy is also very much needed. Therefore, it is necessary to have an understanding and mastery of various innovative approaches to improve students' literacy skills. This article aims to describe how teachers can apply various innovative approaches in order to improve student literacy at SMA N 6 Purworejo. The method of community service activities is carried out in the form of socialization, discussion and question and answer. The results of community service activities, various innovative approaches that can be applied by teachers, including, namely, innovating teacher involvement in reading activities before learning, involving technology in literacy learning, implementing project-based learning, and implementing collaborative approaches and thematic learning in the learning process.

This research aims to analyze the challenges faced by teachers in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum at SDN 106811 Bandar Setia, particularly in differentiated learning, and to identify strategies that can be applied to overcome these challenges. The research method used is a qualitative approach with the research subject being a sixth-grade teacher. Data was collected through observation and semi-structured interviews, then analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The research results indicate that the main challenges include the lack of teacher understanding in preparing Merdeka learning lesson plans, the lack of understanding of learning models that are based on Merdeka learning, and the lack of teacher innovation in the learning process. Strategies that can be applied to overcome these challenges include increasing teacher competence, developing flexible materials, and using diagnostic assessments.    

The purpose of this study was to develop a picture story book as a picture story book in science learning to improve the learning outcomes of grade IV students of SDN 04 Tente. The type of research used was R & D using the ADDIE development model including analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation activities. The results of the study showed that the results of the book development that was made could be used as a learning resource in thematic learning were declared valid. This can be seen from the results of expert validation consisting of media validation, language validation, and expert validation of learning. The picture story book as a learning resource in thematic learning obtained a value of 84.66% with a very feasible category. The picture story book as a learning resource in thematic learning was declared practical. The results of the questionnaire analysis filled out by 22 respondents/students with an average value of 97.36% in the very practical category. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of picture story books can be seen from the results of the t-test calculation that tℎ

The purpose of this study was to develop a picture story book as a picture story book in science learning to improve the learning outcomes of grade IV students of SDN 04 Tente. The type of research used was R & D using the ADDIE development model including analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation activities. The results of the study showed that the results of the book development that was made could be used as a learning resource in thematic learning were declared valid. This can be seen from the results of expert validation consisting of media validation, language validation, and expert validation of learning. The picture story book as a learning resource in thematic learning obtained a value of 84.66% with a very feasible category. The picture story book as a learning resource in thematic learning was declared practical. The results of the questionnaire analysis filled out by 22 respondents/students with an average value of 97.36% in the very practical category. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of picture story books can be seen from the results of the t-test calculation that tℎ

This objective is to develop valid, practical and effective Rattan media (cultural wheel) in increasing learning motivation of fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili. The type of research used by the researcher is R&D (Research & Development) using the ADIE development model (Analysis, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). In this development research, the effectiveness test was carried out in class V and the practicality test was carried out on fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili as a test of practicality and product effectiveness. The results of the study showed that the validity of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) from 4 media and material validators obtained an average score of 93.87 (very valid). The questionnaire response of limited test students showing the practicality of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) obtained an average score of 93.33 (very practical). Thus, the rattan media learning media in sub-theme 2 can be used as a thematic learning media for fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili.

This objective is to develop valid, practical and effective Rattan media (cultural wheel) in increasing learning motivation of fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili. The type of research used by the researcher is R&D (Research & Development) using the ADIE development model (Analysis, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). In this development research, the effectiveness test was carried out in class V and the practicality test was carried out on fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili as a test of practicality and product effectiveness. The results of the study showed that the validity of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) from 4 media and material validators obtained an average score of 93.87 (very valid). The questionnaire response of limited test students showing the practicality of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) obtained an average score of 93.33 (very practical). Thus, the rattan media learning media in sub-theme 2 can be used as a thematic learning media for fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili.

The Society 5.0 era integrates digital technology with human values to create a human-centered society that addresses social issues, enhances quality of life, and promotes sustainability. Digital literacy and multidimensional skills are crucial in education to prepare students for global challenges. Strengthening literacy in reading, numeracy, science, finance, digital competence, and citizenship is key to adaptation and progress. However, literacy levels in Indonesia, including at MTs Negeri 1 Kota Prabumulih, require improvement to foster critical thinking and knowledge application. Based on multiliteracy and multidimensional theories, literacy development extends beyond text comprehension to include interactions with cultural, social, and technological contexts for meaningful learning. This qualitative study with a phenomenological approach explores students' literacy levels, relevant literacy concepts for Society 5.0, the integration of Islamic Education (PAI) values with literacy, and how PAI supports literacy enhancement at MTs Negeri 1 Kota Prabumulih. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results indicate that students' literacy levels remain moderate, requiring enhancement. Literacy integration with PAI is evident in thematic approaches, linking zakat to financial literacy and Qur'anic verses to science. However, optimizing facilities, teacher training, and project-based learning is necessary for stronger literacy development.

Effective classroom management is essential for successful teaching, particularly in Teaching English to Young Learners (TEYL), where structured, engaging environments foster academic achievement and social development. This study explores classroom management strategies, challenges, and adaptive practices employed by TEYL teachers. Using a qualitative research design, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with experienced teachers and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings identified rules, routines, and positive reinforcement as key strategies for maintaining order and motivation in classrooms. Teachers also emphasized movement breaks and interactive activities as effective tools to manage diverse energy levels and sustain student engagement. Challenges, such as disruptive behaviors and resource constraints, were addressed through redirection techniques and tailored lesson plans, highlighting the importance of flexibility alongside consistency. Additionally, contextual and cultural factors influenced teachers’ approaches, underscoring the significance of culturally responsive practices. While the study provides valuable insights, limitations include reliance on self-reported data and the lack of classroom observations, which could offer further validation. These findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on TEYL, offering practical recommendations for educators and policymakers to enhance classroom dynamics and learning outcomes.

As Indonesia’s foundational ideology, Pancasila promotes national unity by encouraging tolerance and inclusivity among its people. This study explores how students at Politeknik Bhakti Kartini comprehend and apply Pancasila principles in their daily lives, particularly concerning cultural diversity and tolerance. Adopting a qualitative descriptive method, this research analyzes student perspectives through surveys and thematic evaluations. The results suggest that while students possess a solid theoretical grasp of Pancasila, challenges persist in translating these values into practical actions, particularly in fostering inclusivity and countering digital misinformation. This study highlights the need for adaptive teaching methods, interfaith and intercultural discussions, and enhanced digital literacy programs to strengthen students’ application of Pancasila values. By integrating experiential learning and encouraging proactive engagement, higher education institutions can cultivate a more inclusive and tolerant academic environment.

This study aims to explore the impact of the use of technological tools on English curriculum planning in the modern era. Technology has become an important part of 21st century education, especially for generation Z who are very familiar with information and communication technology. This study identified significant benefits of technology, such as increased student engagement, self-directed learning, and the development of critical thinking skills. However, there are challenges that must be overcome, such as limited resources, inadequate teacher training, and potential distractions from non-educational content.This study used a qualitative approach, involving interviews with educators and surveys of students at the State Islamic University of North Sumatra. The results of the thematic analysis showed that technology integration can improve the quality of learning if these challenges are overcome through teacher training, cost-effective use of resources, and balanced technology use policies. Thus, technology can be a reliable and effective component in innovative and inclusive English curriculum planning.

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education has opened new possibilities for enhancing teaching and learning, particularly in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) classrooms. This study examines the perceptions and motivations of third-semester management students at Universitas Merdeka Pasuruan regarding AI-assisted writing tools in their ESP courses. Using a qualitative case study design, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 20 participants. Thematic analysis identified three key themes: perceptions of AI tools' usefulness, motivational factors, and challenges. Participants viewed AI tools as beneficial for improving writing skills, providing personalized feedback, and supporting collaborative learning. Motivational drivers included simplifying complex tasks and promoting independent learning. However, challenges such as technical difficulties and limited proficiency in using AI features were highlighted. The findings emphasize the potential of AI in enhancing ESP instruction, provided challenges are addressed with adequate training and support. Despite its small sample size and focus on a single institution, the study offers insights into the pedagogical implications of AI integration in specialized language education. It also provides practical recommendations for optimizing AI use in ESP classrooms while calling for broader research in diverse educational contexts.

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has drastically changed the global employment landscape, necessitating the comprehensive development of 21st-century skills in education systems. This study examines how private high schools in Indonesia implement 21st-century skills, focusing on the barriers faced, the strategies used, and their impact on student learning outcomes. We used a mixed-methods approach involving 200 students, 25 teachers, and 10 principals from five private high schools in Java. Data were collected through surveys, semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results revealed four main barriers: limited teacher preparedness, limited resources, difficulties in assessment, and resistance to changes in teaching methods. Effective strategies implemented included ongoing professional development programs, integrating learning technology, project-based learning, and strengthening teacher collaboration. Our findings demonstrate significant improvements in students' critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication skills in schools implementing the comprehensive strategy. This research provides theoretical contributions to understanding the implementation context in developing countries while offering practical implications for policy makers, school administrators, and educators in designing contextual and sustainable 21st-century skills development programs.

The maritime industry requires financially literate and strategically competent professionals to navigate challenges in shipping management, business sustainability, and economic resilience. However, vocational maritime education often lacks practical financial training and sustainability-driven business strategies, creating gaps between academic learning and industry needs. This research addresses these gaps by analyzing how maritime education aligns with financial sustainability and business competency development. Unlike previous studies that separately examine maritime education or financial sustainability, this research integrates expert insights, graduate experiences, and educator perspectives to develop a holistic framework for maritime business and financial training. The findings contribute to policy discussions on improving vocational curricula and bridging industry-academia gaps. This study investigates the effectiveness of maritime vocational education in developing competencies in financial decision-making, economic resilience, and business sustainability. It evaluates curriculum alignment with industry demands and identifies key areas for enhancement. A qualitative research design was used, incorporating semi-structured interviews with 13 maritime professionals, 4 educators, and 33 graduates. Thematic analysis was applied to assess vocational training effectiveness in financial sustainability and business resilience. Findings reveal strong technical competency but gaps in financial literacy and sustainability-driven business strategies. Maritime education programs scored 9/10 in effectiveness, but practical applications of financial decision-making and risk management need reinforcement. This study provides actionable insights for vocational training reforms, emphasizing applied financial education, industry collaboration, and sustainability-driven business strategies. The findings support future curriculum development to equip maritime professionals with enhanced financial and managerial competencies for industry leadership.

This research aims to analyze the implementation of the curriculum at SMA Plus Al Raihan and identify factors that support and hinder the implementation process. The curriculum implemented at this school is designed to devlop the academic potential and character of students through an innovative learning approach based on Islamic values. Strategy implementation includes project-based-learning, thematic approaches, and integration of technology in the teaching and learning process. Apart from that, extracurricular programs and religious education activities also support strengthening student competencies hollistically. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide insight into the effectivenes of the curriculum in improving the quality of education and provide recommendations for curriculum development in Islamic-based schools.

This study investigates the use of digital storytelling (DST) as an educational strategy to enhance students’ critical thinking, empathy, and social awareness, particularly in addressing social injustice issues. Despite the growing emphasis on social justice education, traditional teaching methods often fail to engage students meaningfully or to connect personal experiences with broader societal contexts. This research aims to explore how DST can foster reflective learning, empathy, and social responsibility among students. A qualitative methodology was employed, involving data collection through student-created narratives, content analysis using ATLAS.ti, and thematic coding to identify recurring patterns and insights. The findings reveal that DST significantly improves students’ critical thinking skills and emotional engagement, allowing them to articulate personal experiences while understanding social structures and injustices. Students demonstrated increased empathy and the ability to link creative narratives with real-world social issues. Comparative analysis indicates that DST offers advantages over conventional pedagogical methods by promoting interactive, reflective, and socially conscious learning. The study concludes that integrating digital storytelling into educational practices can effectively cultivate socially aware, empathetic, and creative learners, thereby contributing to a more just and inclusive educational environment.

Planning effective English reading lessons is a complex task for teachers because of challenges such as variations in student ability levels, limited resources, and time constraints. This research aims to identify the main challenges teachers face in planning reading lessons, including improving students' reading comprehension, adjusting the level of support to students' abilities, and implementing reading strategies.  The research method used is qualitative, with data collection through semi-structured interviews with teachers from various levels of education. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify main patterns and themes.  The research results show that teachers face challenges in managing the diversity of students' reading abilities, selecting reading materials that are interesting and culturally relevant, and integrating technology into learning. Additionally, appropriate assessments for English Language Learners (ELL) students and the need to provide emotional support to students are also challenges. Limited professional training and resources contribute to this situation.  This research also concludes that successful learning to read English requires a multifaceted approach that includes learning adjustments, teacher training, collaboration, and access to a variety of reading materials. By providing adequate support for teachers, these obstacles can be overcome, so that reading learning becomes more effective and inclusive.

The purpose of this study is to discuss the role of educational philosophy in the development of educational theory and practice in Indonesia. Education is an essential component of human life. Education is critical in shaping human character and traits. The author employs qualitative research techniques. The author employs a literature review as a research method, while perusing and observing multiple written sources of information associated to the topic of educational philosophy's role in the formation of the Independent Learning Curriculum in the development of educational theory and practice in Indonesia. According to the research findings, the Independent Learning Curriculum is a curriculum designed by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology to give educational institutions flexibility in establishing a curriculum based on their unique requirements and features. The autonomous Learning Curriculum embodies the ethos of autonomous learning, specifically the spirit of student-centered learning. This paper concludes that theme learning is one of the learning approaches used in the Merdeka Belajar curriculum. This is consistent with the progressive educational concept, which holds that education must be focused on students' needs and interests.

This study aims to analyze the leadership role of the International Class Program (ICP) coordinator in fostering a productive academic culture at Madrasah Aliyah (MA) Hasan Jufri Lebak Sangkapura Gresik. Specifically, this study explores the leadership role of ICP coordinators, the challenges they face, and the impact of this leadership on student academic achievement. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design, and data is collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document studies. Key informants include principals, vice principals, ICP coordinators, teachers, and students. Data analysis uses thematic methods to identify the main patterns and themes. The study’s findings show that ICP coordinators actively facilitate teacher collaboration, create a supportive learning environment, and conduct regular evaluations to improve teaching methods. The coordinator also organizes an additional mentoring program that enhances students’ understanding of the international curriculum, resulting in a 3.6% increase in students' final exam scores over the past two years. The main challenges in implementing ICP include limited technological resources and the need for teacher training in delivering the international curriculum. This study concludes that the transformational leadership of ICP coordinators is crucial in shaping an academic culture that supports student achievement. This research provides practical insights for educational institutions in optimizing the role of special program coordinators to build a productive academic culture.

This study explores efforts to improve literacy and numeracy through collaboration between teachers and students in the Teaching Campus Program at SD Negeri 03 Geragahan. Literacy and numeracy are essential skills in primary education, but many schools in remote areas still face challenges in achieving expected standards. The study aims to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of this program. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study design. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and then analyzed using thematic analysis. The results show that the Teaching Campus Program has a significant positive impact on improving students' literacy and numeracy. There was an increase in reading ability, reading comprehension, reading interest, arithmetic ability, understanding of mathematical concepts, and interest in learning mathematics. The implications of this research highlight the importance of support and commitment from all parties involved in the program to ensure its sustainability and success. This research makes a significant contribution to efforts to improve the quality of education in remote areas and can serve as a reference for similar programs in the future.

Social media has become an integral part of students’ lives and is increasingly being used as a means of interactive learning. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of social media use in supporting students’ learning process, by highlighting the benefits, challenges, and solutions that can be applied. The research method used is a qualitative approach with case studies, in-depth interviews, and thematic analysis. The results of the study indicate that social media provides flexibility in accessing learning materials, increases academic engagement, and facilitates discussion and collaboration between students and lecturers. However, there are several challenges, such as distraction, unguaranteed validity of information, lack of structure in learning, and gaps in access to technology. To overcome these challenges, strategies are needed such as good time management, increasing digital literacy, active roles of lecturers in directing learning, and institutional support in increasing access to technology. With the implementation of the right strategy, social media can be an effective tool in supporting interactive learning, improving students’ academic quality, and encouraging educational transformation in the digital era.