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Every citizen has the right to education, including children with special needs. One of the activities of education is learning. Learning is a way for a person to develop. By learning someone will have broad insight. But in reality there are some children who have learning difficulties, one of which is dyslexia. Therefore, a method is needed to help the learning process of dyslexic children in reading. The main purpose of this research is to explain some of the development methods that have been done by previous researchers so that they can become recommendations in conducting development methods for children with dyslexia. The results of the review of selected articles state that customizing learning approaches according to the individual needs of the child is very important to ensure the effectiveness of learning. There are three main approaches that can improve dyslexic children's literacy: multisensory approach, auditory approach and visual approach.

This research aims to create or design an interactive physics learning media application using MIT App Inventor on GLB and GLBB topics. This research applies the MDLC (Multimedia Development Life Circle) method by Luther-Sutopo in the application creation process. The following stages in MDLC are concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. The Android application created was tested using two stages in MDLC, namely the alpha validator and beta validator, where the alpha validator consisted of material experts and media experts. In contrast, the beta validator comprised 14 students majoring in first-semester physics education. The analytical approach used is a qualitative method and a quantitative method to assess how appropriate the learning media created is. The research shows the results, namely a) Creation of interactive physics learning media based on Android applications using MIT App Inventor on GLB and GLBB topics, b) The level of feasibility of interactive physics learning applications based on Android applications based on media experts, namely 91% or very feasible, and based on material experts. Namely 90.6% or very feasible, and c) Based on the implementation and results of trials with students, the level of feasibility of the Android-based physics interactive learning application is 84.46% or worthy of being an alternative reference source for physics learning on GLB and GLBB topics.    

In science and science learning, the emphasis is on concepts related to people's lives and the environment. Students are expected to have basic abilities for logical and critical thinking, curiosity, inquiry, problem solving, and skills in social life. The humanistic learning model views students as subjects who are free to determine the direction of their lives. Students are directed to be fully responsible for their own lives and also for the lives of others. In this research, researchers used a qualitative research approach. Several approaches that are worth using in this method are dialogical, reflective and expressive approaches. The dialogical approach invites students to think together critically and creatively. The teacher does not act as a teacher who only provides material intake that students need as a whole, but the teacher only acts as a facilitator and dialogue partner. The population in this research is all teachers and students. Meanwhile, the samples taken in this research were school principals, science and science teachers and students. Humanistic education in science and science learning is an alternative in realizing education that has a very significant influence on future generations. Applying humanistic education in learning can increase students' intrinsic motivation. So that students tend to be enthusiastic and involve themselves actively in learning when they are listened to, appreciated, cared for and treated well. Applying humanistic education to the science and science learning process grade V at SD Negeri 050728 Tanjung Pura can be done using procedures such as planning, implementation and evaluation.

This study aims to investigate the effect of adjustment on student motivation at Sebelas Maret University. Quantitative research method with causality design was used to collect data from 40 students using accidental sampling method. Research instruments include self-adjustment scales and learning motivation scales that have been tested for validity and reliability. The results of a simple linear regression analysis showed that self-adjustment had a significant effect on student learning motivation (p-value = 0.000). The regression coefficient (Beta) indicates the magnitude of the change in learning motivation if self-adjustment increases by 1 point, while the coefficient of determination (R square) indicates that self-adjustment has an effect of 43.5% on learning motivation, with 56.5% influenced by other variables. The suggestion for future research is to consider the addition of other variables that influence learning motivation and extend this research to different educational contexts. These findings make an important contribution to the understanding of the factors that influence student motivation.

Currently, education is a serious problem, where many factors influence the development of education. One of them is in the current era of digitalization of education, where some teachers still experience limitations in the use of technology, requiring them to rely on conventional pedagogical and professional skills. This study aims to analyze the professional competence of mathematics teachers in implementing meaningful learning without the support of digital technology in junior high schools. This study uses a qualitative method with a qualitative descriptive research type. Data collection techniques include interviews and observations. The results of the study show that teachers who have strong professional competence, especially in mastering the material, contextual learning strategies, and building good interactions with students, are able to create meaningful learning even without using technology. Real project-based learning, the use of simple teaching aids, and interactive communication are the keys to the success of a teacher. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening teacher core competencies in presenting relevant mathematics learning that is free from technological limitations.

Biology learning, particularly the topic of the classification of living organisms, is often considered difficult and boring by some students. To address this challenge, a more engaging and interactive approach is needed. One effective solution is to utilize game-based technology, such as Wordwall, which allows students to actively learn through various educational games. This study aims to enhance student engagement in learning the classification of living organisms using interactive Wordwall games. Through a community service method, this activity involved teachers and students from several schools to integrate Wordwall as a learning tool. The interactive games provided by Wordwall include various types of activities, such as puzzles, quizzes, and matching games, designed to help students better understand the concepts of classification of living organisms. The implementation of this program is expected to improve student motivation, involvement, and understanding of the material. Furthermore, it is hoped that the use of this technology will provide a more enjoyable learning experience and increase the effectiveness of classroom learning. The evaluation conducted shows a significant improvement in student engagement, as well as a better understanding of the material compared to traditional teaching methods.

Background: Additive manufacturing (AM) requires reliable and efficient defect detection mechanisms to ensure structural integrity and product quality, yet conventional inspection approaches remain time-consuming and often unsuitable for real-time industrial deployment. Objective: This study aims to develop and experimentally validate an artificial intelligence based vision inspection system capable of accurately detecting surface defects in AM components. Methods: A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture utilizing pretrained backbones (ResNet and EfficientNet) was implemented with a transfer learning strategy and data augmentation techniques. High-resolution AM surface images representing porosity, cracks, and layer misalignment were used for training and evaluation. Model performance was assessed using Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-score, and mean Average Precision (mAP), and comparative benchmarking was conducted against traditional machine learning models such as Support Vector Machine and Random Forest. Results: The proposed CNN-based models significantly outperformed conventional approaches, achieving up to 95.1% Accuracy and 92.8% mAP. The EfficientNet backbone demonstrated superior generalization capability, particularly in balancing Precision and Recall, indicating robust defect detection performance across multiple categories. These findings confirm that AI-driven inspection frameworks provide scalable and reliable quality assurance solutions for advanced manufacturing environments.

Background: The rapid growth of warehouse automation and autonomous mobile robots has increased the need for adaptive navigation systems capable of operating safely and efficiently in dynamic industrial environments. Classical path planning algorithms such as A* and RRT perform well in structured settings but exhibit limitations when handling moving obstacles and environmental uncertainty. Objective: This study aims to develop and evaluate a reinforcement learning based navigation framework integrated with sensor fusion to improve path efficiency, collision avoidance, and robustness in dynamic warehouse scenarios. Method: An experimental research design was implemented combining high-fidelity simulation and real-world warehouse prototype testing. Deep Q-Network and Proximal Policy Optimization models were developed and trained using multi-sensor inputs from LiDAR, camera, and inertial measurement units. Performance was evaluated using path efficiency, collision rate, computational cost, and robustness metrics, with benchmarking against classical algorithms. Results: The results demonstrate that the Proximal Policy Optimization model achieved the highest path efficiency and lowest collision rate while maintaining stable computational performance under dynamic conditions. Reinforcement learning models significantly outperformed classical planners in adaptability and robustness, confirming their suitability for scalable industrial warehouse automation.

This study examines the effectiveness of Project Based Learning (PBL) in enhancing cross-cultural communication skills within international language education programs. As globalization increases, effective communication across cultures is essential, and language programs must equip students with these skills. PBL, a learner-centered instructional strategy, integrates real-world problems into the learning process, promoting student participation, collaboration, and critical thinking. The research found that students engaged in PBL showed significant improvements in communication competence, collaboration, and intercultural understanding compared to those in traditional lecture-based instruction. The study suggests that PBL not only enhances language proficiency but also fosters cultural awareness and empathy through projects involving cross-cultural collaboration and problem-solving. Furthermore, PBL offers a more effective platform for practicing language skills in real-world scenarios, as opposed to traditional methods focused on theoretical aspects. The findings demonstrate that PBL is particularly effective in international programs, where students from diverse cultural backgrounds work together to solve global issues, thus improving their ability to communicate and collaborate across cultures. The research concludes that integrating PBL into international language education programs significantly enhances students' cross-cultural communication skills. The study encourages educational institutions to adopt PBL and suggests further research on complementary strategies, including technology, virtual exchanges, and intercultural simulations.

Education is an important place for students to develop their potential based on their intelligence. Multiple intelligences offer an approach that considers the various potentials of students in the learning process. SD Islamiyah, as an educational institution with a vision to produce intelligent and creative generations, faces challenges in delivering learning that meets the needs of students. To address this issue, a system is needed that can analyze and group students based on their intelligence levels using the clustering method. This study is inspired by the application of data mining in the educational context, particularly in adapting the clustering method as applied in other related research. Previous research has demonstrated the success of the clustering method in accurately grouping data, as seen in studies related to flood warnings and cesarean operations. By applying a similar approach, this research aims to assist SD Islamiyah in identifying and grouping students based on their potential, thereby facilitating a more effective learning process tailored to the individual needs of students. The results of this study are expected to contribute positively to improving the quality of education at SD Islamiyah and provide a foundation for the development of more advanced decision support systems in the future

This study explores the effectiveness of inquirybased learning (IBL) in enhancing problemsolving skills among high school students in mathematics. The research is based on a case study conducted in a school where IBL methods were incorporated into the curriculum. The findings suggest that students engaged in inquirybased activities showed improved critical thinking and problemsolving abilities compared to traditional teaching methods. This paper discusses the impact of IBL on students' motivation and their ability to approach complex mathematical problems with greater confidence.

This study aims to produce social studies teaching materials that can attract students' attention to the subject of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity using the storytelling method in class IV SDS IT Zahra Asy Syifa. This research is a Research and Development (R&D) development study using the ADDIE development procedure which consists of 5 stages. The instrument used to collect data was a validation questionnaire given to several expert validators, namely the material expert validator, teaching material expert validator and teacher response. The total score obtained from the validation of teaching materials was 97.6 with the criteria of "Very Eligible", from the validation of teaching materials experts, namely 96.8 with the criteria of "Very Eligible" and from the teacher's response a score of 98 was obtained with the criteria of "Very Eligible". From the results of the implementation, it is known that the score of student learning outcomes before using the developed teaching materials, namely 71.08 with the criteria of "Decent" and after using the teaching materials the score of student learning outcomes, which is equal to 82.17 with the criteria of "Very Eligible". From these results it can be said that Social Studies teaching material on Ethnic and Cultural Diversity uses the storytelling method which was developed "Very Feasible" for use in the learning process.

Understanding history is often hindered by various constraints, including limited engaging learning media and insufficient attention to the culture of the Kluet tribe. To overcome these obstacles, efforts such as developing engaging learning media, promoting cultural understanding programs, and creating special educational games to introduce the Kluet tribe are necessary. Educational games for history introduction serve as an interesting alternative to introduce the Kluet tribe interactively. The use of technology in education, especially educational games, has attracted attention as an effective means in the learning process. This research will explain the use of the Game Development Life Cycle (GDLC) method in developing an educational game for introducing the history of the Kluet tribe. Based on the questionnaire results provided to users, 85% of respondents stated that this educational game on the history of the Kluet tribe is engaging and interactive.

Background: The rapid advancement of Industry 4.0 has accelerated the integration of digital technologies such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), edge computing, and Digital Twin systems in smart manufacturing environments. However, many existing implementations remain fragmented and heavily dependent on centralized cloud infrastructures, resulting in latency constraints, limited scalability, and suboptimal real-time decision making. Objective: This study aims to develop and validate an integrated edge based Digital Twin optimization framework that combines IIoT sensing, hybrid edge cloud architecture, and reinforcement learning based adaptive control. Methods: The research adopts a multi phase design consisting of framework development, simulation based validation, and industrial pilot implementation. The proposed system integrates real time data acquisition, localized edge processing, Digital Twin synchronization, and intelligent optimization mechanisms to enhance operational efficiency. Results: The findings demonstrate significant performance improvements compared to conventional cloud based systems, including substantial latency reduction, increased production throughput, reduced downtime, and improved energy efficiency. Scalability and robustness testing further confirm that distributed edge intelligence enhances system resilience under increased workloads and network disruptions. These results indicate that integrating edge computing with Digital Twin modeling and reinforcement learning provides a scalable, responsive, and energy efficient solution for next-generation smart factories.

This research aims to improve children's social skills through implementing the Kabadi-kabadi Traditional game in Group B TK Ar-Rahman Tobengeano, North Kolaka Regency. The research uses a classroom action research (PTK) design with two cycles. The research subjects consisted of 16 children in Group B TK Ar-Rahman Tobengeano. Data is collected through observation and documentation of the learning process. The results showed that the implementation of the ball maze game significantly improved children's social abilities. In cycle I, there was an increase from 40% to 72.22%, and in cycle II the success rate was 93.75%. The implication of this research is that the ball maze game can be used as an effective alternative method in developing the social skills of children aged 5-6 years. It is expect that this research can contribute to the development of learning strategies in kindergarten and provide guidance for teachers to design learning activities that support children's social development.

Qiroah as one of the branches of tajweed science plays an important role in ensuring that every santri can read the Qur'an with tartib, correctly, and beautifully. The learning model developed in this service aims to provide santri with an understanding of the importance of tone and tartil when reading the Qur'an, using phonetic to improve the ability to control the santri's voice, and build santri confidence through reading the Qur'an in public with a good and correct tone. The research method used as the basis for this community service is Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) where TPQ students who already have an interest in reading the Qur'an can be developed to beautify the reading accompanied by tajweed science. The results of this community service inform to make some adjustments improve the quality of teaching and learning at TPQ Nurul Hidayah. The theory of phonetics and phonology can be implemented in Qiro'ah education.

Quality education is the key to advancing a nation, but there are still several challenges that must be faced to achieve it. This article aims to examine how technology can be applied to overcome educational problems both locally and internationally. Through the literature review method, this research evaluates literature reviews related to technology that has been successfully applied to solve educational problems. The future of Indonesian education is believed to be colored by the increasingly massive use of technology. Technology allows students and teachers to easily access information and learning resources from around the world.   This broadens horizons and enriches the learning process as well as presenting new opportunities and challenges in the teaching and learning process. Challenges faced in implementing educational technology include gaps in internet access, lack of digital literacy and cultural barriers.

Planning is a process of describe an activities that will be done later in order to achieve the goals that have been set. In the world of education, planning of facilities and infrastructure is very necessary in improving the quality of student learning. Facilities are tools or facilities that are used directly in an activity, while infrastructure is the physical structure and basic facilities that support the operation of these facilities. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative, including field surveys, interviews with stakeholders, and analysis of data from various sources. The results of the study indicate that complete and advanced facilities and infrastructure have a positive correlation with improving the quality of learning and improving students' abilities in achieving learning goals. This study concludes that investment in planning and managing facilities and infrastructure is a priority for Madrasahs in improving educational progress.

Religious moderation in early childhood is an effort to instill moderate religious values ​​in children from an early age. These values ​​include an attitude of tolerance, being fair, balance and also an attitude of equality. One way to instill the values ​​of religious moderation in young children is through the habituation method. This research aims to find out how the habituation method is implemented in instilling the values ​​of religious moderation in early childhood at Kartika Kindergarten Banda Aceh. What will be discussed in this research is how to implement the habituation method in instilling the values ​​of religious moderation in early childhood at Kartika Kindergarten Banda Aceh. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. Data collected through interviews and documentation. The data obtained will be analyzed descriptive qualitatively. The research results showed that the forms of implementation of the habituation method in instilling the values ​​of religious moderation in Kartika Kindergarten Banda Aceh were ablution, prayer practice, repeating and memorizing short surahs and daily prayers, introduction to places of worship from various religions. Apart from that, learning is carried out by instilling values ​​such as honesty, courtesy, mutual help and mutual respect. The steps for implementing the habituation method in instilling the values ​​of religious moderation in children at Kartika Kindergarten Banda Aceh include teachers as models, preparing learning tools, involving parents, holding religious activities.

The purpose of this study was to determine the communicative approach in writing persuasive texts for class VII of SMPN 1 Bone. This research method uses a classroom action research method. Student learning outcomes in cycle I data of class VIII students of SMPN 53 Makassar by giving a test to make persuasive texts and giving scores. With a total overall score of 4,635 students with two test tests. The first test test with an average value of 70.72 for the average value of the second test test 74.13 the total average of the overall test test is 72.42 which is in the low category. After getting the test scores of all students in cycle I, it was continued in cycle II. Meanwhile, cycle II of class VIII students of SMPN 53 Makassar by giving a test to make persuasive texts and giving scores. With a total overall score of 5,410 students with two test tests. The first test test with an average value of 82.47 for the average value of the second test test 86.59 overall from the test test, namely 84.53 in the good category. Based on the test results in cycles 1 and 2, it can be seen that implementing a communicative approach can improve the learning outcomes of class VIII students of SMPN 53 Makassar. This is indicated by an increase in the initial score on the average content aspect in cycle I of 72.42 and in cycle II the score became 84.53.