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This study aims to analyze community participation in village development in T’eba Village and T’eba Timur Village, Biboki Tanpah Subdistrict, Timor Tengah Utara Regency, and to identify the factors that hinder it. Village development is one of the key elements in improving community welfare. However, low community participation poses a challenge that hampers the achievement of inclusive and sustainable development goals. T’eba Village exhibits a higher level of community participation compared to T’eba Timur Village, yet both face challenges that affect the success of their development. The research methodology employed is empirical juridical with socio-legal and conceptual approaches. Primary data were obtained through interviews, observations, and questionnaires, while secondary data were sourced from official documents and related literature. Data analysis was conducted using qualitative descriptive techniques to interpret the research findings. The results show that community participation in T’eba Village reached 82.61%, whereas in T’eba Timur Village, it was only 30.44%. This disparity is attributed to higher community awareness in T’eba Village and better support from the village government in engaging the community. Factors hindering community participation include educational disparities, a lack of awareness about the importance of village development, economic conditions prioritizing subsistence needs, and community perceptions of the effectiveness of the village government. For example, residents of T’eba Timur Village are less involved because they feel that development programs do not directly benefit their livelihoods, particularly in agriculture, which is their primary occupation. This study recommends enhancing community involvement through education, economic empowerment, and strengthening the capacity of village governments to create inclusive and transparent participatory mechanisms. Moreover, it emphasizes the need for coordination between the community and village governments to formulate development policies that are more responsive to local needs. With this approach, village development can become more relevant, sustainable, and impactful for the community.

Bantaeng Regency, South Sulawesi, has great potential in the fisheries sector thanks to its vast coastline and abundant marine resources. The modernization of the fisheries sector in this area includes the application of the latest technology, infrastructure development, and training for fishermen. The modernization program implemented by the government aims to increase the productivity and welfare of fishermen, by introducing more efficient fishing gear, such as motorized machines and modern nets. The results of the study show that this change has succeeded in increasing fish catches and fishermen's income. In addition, the construction of modern fish processing facilities and training programs have supported the sustainability of the fisheries sector. This modernization has a positive impact on the economy of coastal communities, but it also presents challenges in terms of income inequality and environmental sustainability. This study concludes that the modernization of the fisheries sector in Bantaeng has the potential to strengthen the local economy while preserving marine resources.

Education is important for the lives of people in a country. In order to create an educational system that is organized and has a vision, a policy in the form of a curriculum is needed. In a country that adheres to a democratic system, it is necessary to involve or participate the community in the policy formulation and implementation process. This policy paper investigates the Merdeka Curriculum policy model created and implemented by the Ministry of Education and Culture. Public policy models include top-down, bottom-up and a combination of the two. The research method used in this article is qualitative with data sources obtained from books, scientific articles, and other credible information found on the internet. In the policy formulation process, studies were conducted and the government involved parents. In addition, in the implementation process, the Merdeka Curriculum is carried out in stages with a trial period carried out by several schools called Mover Schools. In addition, the policy also has an evaluation instrument in the form of a Minimum Competency Assessment. Based on the findings related to this policy, it can be concluded that the policy model in the Merdeka Curriculum is bottom-up.  

This research aims to analyze the making and use of Jambi traditional clothing with an ethnographic approach, in order to reveal cultural values, symbolism, and its role in the identity of the Jambi Malay community. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach, where data collection techniques include in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document analysis. Interviews were conducted with informants who have in-depth knowledge of Jambi traditional clothing, while observation involved observing the making process, design, and use of the clothing in traditional ceremonies. The results showed that Jambi traditional clothing, such as Baju Kurung Tanggung, reflects the richness of local culture through designs that are full of philosophy. The symbolic colors used, such as red, gold and green, symbolize courage, nobility and fertility. In addition, these traditional garments also serve as symbols of social status and cultural identity, especially in the context of weddings and traditional ceremonies.

This article identifies and describes "The Backward Flow Analysis In the Short Stories of Women, Broken Hearts of Whom Re-Had discovered the Quantitative Love Through Dreams of Eka Kurniawan, the purpose of this research paragraph is to provide information and describe the back dreams contained in this research method. The short story collection is Ginc This Red, Darling, Broken Heart Women Again Finding Love through Dreams, Making Happy A Elephant, Stone Story, Every Dog Can Be Happy, Burning Fire, and keep Parrot Lessons

This article identifies and describes "The Backward Flow Analysis In the Short Stories of Women, Broken Hearts of Whom Re-Had discovered the Quantitative Love Through Dreams of Eka Kurniawan, the purpose of this research paragraph is to provide information and describe the back dreams contained in this research method. The short story collection is Ginc This Red, Darling, Broken Heart Women Again Finding Love through Dreams, Making Happy A Elephant, Stone Story, Every Dog Can Be Happy, Burning Fire, and keep Parrot Lessons

Feminism studies are studies that focus on the movement of women to gain freedom and determine themselves. In this beautiful novel Luka depicts the oppression of women during the Japanese colonial period. The beautiful novel Luka shows the resilience of a mixed Dutch and native woman who was detained by the Japanese army and had to be forced to work as a prostitute. The problem of this research is what is the psychological aspect of feminism analysis contained in the beautiful novel Luka by Eka Kurniawan? What is the social aspect of feminism analysis? contained in the novel "beautiful wound" by Eka Kurniawan. This research aims to find out: analysis of feminism, social aspects contained in the novel "beautiful wound" by Eka Kurniawan. The theory used by the author is mana sikana theory (2005), Ghajali, et al (1980), Ahmad Fauzi (1999). The authors used descriptive methods to conduct this research. The technique used was hermaneutic techniques. The type of research was library research. Research results (1) psychological aspects divided into character (character) thinking, taste, and emotional pressure (2) social aspects are divided into socialization process, social tasks, character (character) thinking, emotion, action, and reactions, flavors were found to be environmental factors and were influenced by age. Feelings of pressure were found to be frustration involving feelings of disappointment, sadness, sadness and suffering in each female character. Social aspects, especially the socialization process based on formal and informal education. Social tasks based on the role of wives and society. Social classes are based on lower, middle and upper class categories.

The purpose of this study is to find out whether there is an influence of blended learning on metacognitive awareness, self-efficacy, student learning independence, and student learning achievement and to find out whether blended learning is superior to scientific learning in mathematics learning in the aspects of metacognitive awareness, self efficacy, student learning independence, and student learning achievement. This research is a pseudo-experimental research with the population of all students in grade XI MAN 2 Wonosobo for the 2023/2024 school year. Of the ten existing classes, two classes were selected by purposive sampling, namely classes XI - 3 and XI - 4. From the two selected classes, then randomly selected so that class XI - 4 was obtained as an experimental class, namely the class that received blended learning and class XI - 3 as a control class that received mathematics learning with scientific learning and vector subjects. The instruments used to collect data are in the form of student learning achievement test questions and questionnaires on metacognitive awareness, self-efficacy, and student learning independence. Validity is determined by the consideration of the validator who concludes that the instrument used in this study is valid. Meanwhile, Cronbach's alpha of all variables in this study showed reliable values. To see if there is an effect of blended learning on metacognitive awareness, self-efficacy, learning independence and student learning achievement after research treatment is carried out in both the experimental and control classes, the T2 hotteling statistical test is used. Meanwhile, to see the advantages of scientific learning with blended learning methods compared to scientific from the perspective of metacognitive awareness, self-efficacy, learning independence and student learning achievement from both classes, univariate t test statistics were used. The results of the study showed that :(1) there was an effect of blended learning on metacognitive awareness, self-efficacy, learning independence, and student achievement simultaneously; (2) scientific blended learning is not superior to scientific in terms of metacognitive awareness, self-efficacy, and learning independence of high school/MA students; (3) scientific blended learning is superior to scientific in terms of learning achievement of high school/MA students.

This study examines the digitalization of the concept of Mawaddah wa Rahmah in the Qur'an and Hadith as a family psychology strategy to build harmonious households in Bucor Wetan Village, Probolinggo Regency. With a population of approximately 4,000 people, the village faces challenges in applying the values of love and mercy in daily family life. The research employs a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, involving in-depth interviews, direct observations, and document analysis. The findings reveal that digitalization through Islamic value-based educational media, such as interactive videos and family education applications, plays a significant role in raising public awareness of the importance of Mawaddah wa Rahmah. These digital media are effective in improving communication patterns, managing conflicts, and strengthening relationships among family members. Despite challenges such as limited internet access and digital literacy, training programs conducted during the research helped address these obstacles. The study concludes that integrating Islamic values with digital technology can be an innovative and effective solution for creating harmonious and prosperous families. This approach facilitates social transformation that supports peaceful family life, especially in rural communities like Bucor Wetan Village.

This study aims to explore the role of a spiritual approach based on the Quran and Hadith in shaping the character of students (santri) at Pesantren Raudlatul Hasaniyah Mojolegi Gading Probolinggo. A qualitative approach using a case study method was employed to analyze activities such as the Ngaji of the Riyadussholihin book, congregational Tahajjud prayer, and congregational Dhuha prayer. The findings indicate that these religious activities have a positive impact on the character development of the santri. The Ngaji of the Riyadussholihin book deepens religious and ethical understanding, while the Tahajjud and Dhuha prayers teach discipline, steadfastness, and gratitude. Overall, the implementation of a spiritual approach based on the teachings of the Quran and Hadith has successfully contributed to the formation of santri with improved character, noble morals, and readiness to face life's challenges. This study emphasizes the importance of religious education in the holistic development of character, including spiritual, moral, and social aspects.

This research aims to examine Ustadz Abdul Somad's thoughts on moderate Islam and its relevance in the contemporary social and political context in Indonesia. Ustadz Abdul Somad is known for his approach that prioritizes the values of tolerance, diversity, and moderation in religion. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through library research on books, journal articles and other reading sources. Data analysis was carried out using the content analysis method to identify and interpret the main ideas related to moderate Islam. The results of the study show that Ustadz Abdul Somad's thinking has made a significant contribution to strengthening religious moderation in Indonesia, especially in facing the growing social and political challenges. His thoughts are relevant to the dynamics of Indonesia's diversity, as well as providing guidance for the community to maintain harmony between religions in the contemporary era.

This study aims to explore the relevance of the Qur'an and Hadith in shaping social values, political ethics, and decision-making in the contemporary era, highlighting their influence on various aspects of life, such as society, public policy, democracy, leadership, law, economics, education, and technology. In the modern context marked by global challenges, the values of the Qur'an and Hadith, such as justice, consultation (shura), honesty, and responsibility, provide a strong moral framework for creating a harmonious and civilized society. The findings indicate that the social values taught by Islam promote solidarity and respect for human rights, while the principles of political ethics emphasize trustworthiness and honesty in governance. In decision-making, consultation and justice are important, as they enable the creation of inclusive and democratic public policies. Moreover, the Islamic perspective on law emphasizes the protection of individual rights and social justice, while in economics, the teachings of the Qur'an and Hadith advocate for equitable wealth distribution and the elimination of usury. In the field of education, Islamic values integrate worldly and spiritual knowledge to shape a virtuous young generation, whereas, in technology, Islamic teachings offer ethical guidance for utilizing technological advancements for the betterment of humanity. This study concludes that the Qur'an and Hadith are not only relevant but also provide practical solutions to address modern challenges in various life sectors.

Reconstructionism is a school of educational philosophy that aims to reshape society through radical educational reform. Rooted in a critique of progressivism, it emerged as a response to social and economic stagnation and the desire to make education an agent of social change. Its leading figures, such as George Counts and Harold Rugg, inspired by the thought of John Dewey and Theodore Brameld, advocate for an education that is able to deal with global challenges, including moral, social and environmental issues. Reconstructionism argues that education is not only responsible for shaping individuals, but also plays a role in building a just and equal society. The principles of this school emphasize the important role of education in dealing with the global crisis, as well as the need for a relevant curriculum to foster students' character and morals. This school places teachers as agents of change who play an important role in guiding students to face the challenges of the times, as well as designing a curriculum that prioritizes social interests. Thus, reconstructionism emphasizes the importance of education in saving civilization through the formation of character, morality, and a new, more humanist culture.

The teacher code of ethics functions as an important guideline for maintaining integrity and professionalism in the world of education. This article reviews the role of teachers' codes of ethics as a basis for strengthening the values ​​of integrity and professionalism in the modern era. Through a qualitative approach based on literature review, it was found that the teacher code of ethics not only functions as a behavioral guide, but also as a tool for creating a dignified educational environment. However, challenges in implementation, such as lack of understanding and inconsistent implementation, still require serious attention. This article suggests regular training for teachers as well as strengthening ethical oversight by educational institutions.

The world of education currently faces many dynamic external environmental challenges, such as changes in government policy, technological developments, labor market demands and socio- cultural changes. To face this challenge, educational institutions must develop adaptive and proactive strategies. This strategy includes curriculum innovation to adapt to current needs, increasing the capacity of teaching staff through continuous education and the application of technology in the learning process to increase access to skills and quality of education. Apart from that, collaboration with external parties such as industry and society is also important to create synergies that support the relevance and competitiveness of graduates. By taking a comprehensive and responsive approach, educational institutions can continue to grow and make meaningful contributions to ever-changing external challenges  

This article discusses the influence of Ibnu Khaldun's thoughts on economic development in Indonesia, focusing on the theories put forward by a great thinker of the 14th century in the context of modern Indonesian economics, namely Ibnu Khaldun, in his monumental work Muqaddimah, introducing concepts such as cycles. civilization, the importance of social and cultural factors in economic development, and the role of the state in regulating the economy. Through this study, it is revealed how these concepts can provide insight into understanding the dynamics of the Indonesian economy, which is often influenced by complex external and internal factors. By analyzing Indonesia's economic development from the colonial period to post-independence, this research shows that Ibnu Khaldun's thoughts, even though they come from a very different historical context, are still relevant in explaining economic inequality, the role of bureaucracy, and the relationship between the state and the market in Indonesia. It is hoped that this research can provide a new perspective in efforts to understand and overcome the economic challenges faced by developing countries like Indonesia.

This article discusses the concept of social interaction in Islam, particularly in the context of relationships between Muslims and non-Muslims. Islam teaches values of ukhuwah (brotherhood), tolerance, and justice in interactions with fellow human beings, both within Muslim communities and with those of different beliefs. The central principle taught in Islam is that there is no compulsion in religion (la ikraha fid-din), as religion is a personal choice and belief that cannot be forced. In the context of dialogue or debate with non-Muslims, Islam emphasizes the importance of good manners, politeness, and gentleness, so that debates or discussions can lead to the mutual discovery of truth without insulting or belittling others. Thabathabai’s interpretation explains that debating with non-Muslims should be done constructively, without containing any errors, flaws, or insults. However, debating with the unjust, who close themselves off from the truth, is considered unproductive and will only worsen the situation. This article also highlights that differences in religion, culture, and beliefs should be an opportunity for mutual understanding and cooperation in creating peace and well-being together. Islam teaches the importance of maintaining harmonious relationships with fellow humans, whether in social, political, or religious contexts, while respecting freedom of belief and personal integrity

This article explains the interpretation of the Qur'anic verses about the hijrah, by explaining the hijrah, the various types of hijrah, verses that discuss the hijrah, and the interpretation of the Qur'anic verses about the hijrah. Hijrah is an important theme in the Qur'an which is related to physical, spiritual and social movement from one situation to a better one in order to get closer to Allah. In the context of Islamic history, hijrah refers to the movement of the Prophet Muhammad SAW and his companions from Mecca to Medina to escape persecution and achieve religious freedom. Interpretation of hijrah verses, as in QS. Al-Baqarah: 218, QS. An-Nisa: 100, and QS. At-Taubah: 20, emphasizes the importance of steadfast faith, sacrifice and struggle in achieving Allah's approval. Hijrah is seen as a form of obedience that is highly valued by Allah, with a guarantee of great rewards for those who do it with sincere intentions. The interpretation of these verses also contains a spiritual dimension, where hijrah is defined as moving from a state of sin to the path of obedience. Thus, hijrah is not only limited to the physical aspect, but also includes changes in mental and moral attitudes to improve the quality of faith and piety.This abstract explains the concept of hijrah in the Al-Qur'an and its interpretation, covering historical, spiritual and social aspects in the life of a Muslim.    

Social interaction between Muslims and non-Muslims is an important theme in communal life. The Qur'an provides clear guidance on how Muslims should interact with people of different faiths. Based on the interpretations of scholars such as M. Quraish Shihab, Hamka, Imam al-Razi, Ahmad Mushthafa al-Maraghi, and Dr. Aidh Qarny, social interaction between Muslims and non-Muslims should be based on the principles of mutual respect, kindness, and fairness. Qur'anic verses such as Surah Al-Mumtahanah 8, Surah Al-Hujurat 13, and Surah Al-Ankabut 46 emphasize the importance of maintaining good relations without coercion in belief and avoiding hateful debates, especially against the unjust. Islam teaches that debates conducted in a good and wise manner will strengthen interfaith relationships and bring people closer to the truth. In this context, Islam emphasizes the importance of maintaining good character in all forms of social interaction to foster peace and harmony in society.

Religious tolerance is an essential concept in religious life reflected in Islamic teachings. Islam teaches the importance of respecting and honoring differences, whether in religion, ethnicity, or culture. The concept of religious tolerance in Islam can be found in several verses of the Qur'an, which call for not imposing religion, living in harmony and peace, and helping one another regardless of differences. The freedom to choose a religion is a fundamental human right that must be respected, as each individual has the right to choose and embrace their religion according to their belief. Islam not only teaches acceptance of differences but also respects the existence of other religions, whether major or minority. Religious tolerance in Islam goes beyond merely respecting differences; it also includes the attitude of living together peacefully and helping one another, in order to create a harmonious and blessed life.