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Purpose – This article aim For explore idea integrative regarding defense strategy Indonesian hybrid with combine approach conventional, asymmetric, and multidimensional in face complexity conflict in the ASEAN region. Design/ methodology / approach – Research This use systematic literature review (SLR) method on work Suhirwan and Wahyudin (2023), and literature international related defense, regional security, and warfare asymmetrical. This article analyzed 25 sources covering​ books, journals national reputable, and publications international in 2022–2025 period. Findings – The study shows that ASEAN's defense strategy is not can Again only depend on strength conventional, but need framework integrative that includes element diplomacy defense, defense cyber, and the role of actor Civil Defense Model Proposed hybrid​ in article This offer framework adaptive for Indonesia to anticipate threat conventional and non- conventional at a time.Implications practical – This article emphasize that Indonesia needs developing Cyber Forces Independent, strengthening diplomacy defense, as well as build Work The same cross ministries and institutions as part from system defense layered national.​ Originality / Value – Novelty article This lies in the formulation of the Integrative Model Defense Synergistic hybrid​ aspect military regular, defense cyber, counter-terrorism, and diplomacy defense to in One framework strategic. This model give contribution conceptual new for studies defense in ASEAN as well as relevance practical for maker Indonesian policy.

Educational business incubation has become an important strategy for strengthening independence and innovation in elementary schools in the era of educational transformation. This approach allows schools to function not only as teaching institutions but also as centers for community-based economic and social empowerment. This study employs the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method to analyze various scientific publications related to the implementation of educational business incubation, edupreneurship, and the strengthening of elementary school institutions. The findings indicate that educational business incubation programs can create alternative funding sources, expand opportunities for innovative learning, and reinforce a participatory culture within schools. Beyond financial aspects, business incubation also promotes cross-sector collaboration among schools, government, private sectors, and communities, thereby establishing a sustainable edupreneurship ecosystem. Through strategic and collaborative management, elementary schools can become independent, innovative institutions with high competitiveness in facing future educational challenges.

Purpose – Purpose This is for explore interconnection strategic between system energy and defense in support resilience national with propose draft paradigm energy dual role paradigm This positioning energy No only as protected objects​ from threat external, but also as subject strategic support​ operation military through energy renewable, implementation network smart, and technology storage battery. Design/ methodology / approach – Research This use approach review library systematic (SLR) for synthesize findings academic and reports policy from three year lastly, which involves source journal national (SINTA indexed) and international (Elsevier, Springer, IEEE, etc.), with focus on intersection between resilience energy and defense strategy national. Findings – Review This disclose that infrastructure resilient energy​ increase capability defense, while system formidable defense​ ensure continuity supply energy national research​ This propose an integrative model consisting of from three layer strategic: integration policy national (between RUEN and RENSTRAHAN), development infrastructure green and digital, and development capacity source Power man together. Framework Work integrative This strengthen reciprocal resilience​ between sector energy and defense. Implications practical – The makers policies, institutions military, and stakeholders interest energy pushed for together implementing synchronized strategies, integration curriculum and investment in infrastructure digital energy use reach resilience national term long in face uncertainty geopolitics and environment. Originality / Value – Study This introduce framework Work new paradigm energy role double in defense national, which provides runway theoretical and practical for integrate transition energy sustainable with planning defense strategic. Study This contribute in a way conceptual for bridge gap between policy energy and defense strategy, especially in context threat hybrids and vulnerabilities system cyber-physical.

This study explores how human resource (HR) management functions as a strategic pillar in developing a resilient and adaptive defense economy in the global era. The research integrates national policies, defense industry power competition, and international collaboration through an HR-based global competence approach. The study employs a systematic literature review (SLR) method, analyzing over 50 peer-reviewed articles published in Scopus/WoS indexed journals between 2021 and 2025. The research synthesizes a framework that combines strategic human resource management, defense economics, and global collaboration. The findings reveal that HR is not merely an administrative function but plays a strategic role in strengthening defense through the development of human power, digital literacy, and international collaboration. The study further highlights that the success of defense industry synergies is largely influenced by the readiness of human resource actors to integrate innovation, diplomacy, and transnational knowledge. For practical implications, the study suggests that national defense policies must invest in specialized human resource development centers, design curricula aligned with global threats and technologies, and build strategic partnerships with international defense actors. This study is the first to conceptualize an integrative framework that places HR at the core of defense economy transformation in the post-pandemic, digitally driven global landscape, offering both theoretical novelty and practical relevance for policymakers and defense educators.

Purpose – Purpose study This is For explore How management source Power human (HR) functions as a strategic pillar in develop economy resilient and adaptive defense in the global era . Research This integrate policy national , power competition industry defense , and work The same international through HR- based approach global competence . Design/ methodology / approach – Research This use method review library systematic (Systematic Literature Review/SLR), analyzing more of 50 peer-reviewed articles from journal published Scopus / WoS indexed between 2021–2025 . Research This synthesize framework Work from strategic human resources , economics defense , and global collaboration . Findings – Research This find that HR is not just function administrative , but play role strategic in form strength defense through development source Power people , digital literacy , and work The same cross- country research this also reveals that success synergy industry defense is greatly influenced by the readiness of human resource actors to integrate innovation , diplomacy , and knowledge transnational . Implications practical – For operationalize findings this , policy defense national must invest in centers featured human resource development , design repeat curriculum aligned defense​ with global threats and technologies , as well as build partnership strategic HR with actors​ defense international . Originality / Value – Study This was the first to conceptualize framework Work integrative which places HR as the core of transformation economy defense in a post-pandemic global landscape driven by digitally . Study This offer novelty theoretical with connect economy defense with strategic HR practices , as well as relevance practical for the makers policy and educators defense .

This article examines the operational management model of villages in Garut Regency, West Java, by emphasizing four key dimensions: governance, digital innovation, community participation, and the optimization of local resources. The study explores how the integration of participatory governance, technological innovation, and local potential can strengthen the effectiveness of village development and build an adaptive, sustainable governance system in the era of digital transformation. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, the research analyzes scientific publications and policy documents sourced from international databases such as Scopus and Web of Science, as well as national references including the 2025–2030 Garut Regency Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD) and reports from the Ministry of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration. From an initial pool of 126 publications, 32 primary sources were examined through thematic coding to identify patterns, relationships, and key insights related to village governance, multi-actor collaboration, and public service digitalization. The findings reveal that good governance enhances transparency and accountability, digital innovation improves efficiency and data-driven decision-making, community participation strengthens social legitimacy, and the optimization of local resources supports sustainable economic value creation. These elements form the “Integrative Operational Management Model for Garut Villages,” which emphasizes adaptive collaboration and data-based management. The study also proposes practical strategies related to digital capacity-building, participatory planning, and applied research.

Food waste generated from the household sector is one of the largest contributors to environmental degradation in Indonesia. Food waste generated from the household sector is one of the main contributors to the increasing volume of organic waste in Indonesia. This issue not only creates social and economic problems but also poses a serious threat to environmental sustainability. This study aims to analyze the contribution of household food waste to environmental degradation and to review sustainable management strategies. This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method guided by the PRISMA 2020 Statement to review relevant national research conducted during the period 2018-2025. The results of the literature selection show that the impacts of household food waste on environmental sustainability can be categorized into three main dimensions: (1) ecological impacts, including pollution and the increase of greenhouse gas emissions; (2) resource impacts, such as the wastage of energy, water, and land; and (3) social-environmental impacts, including the increasing burden of regional waste management and the declining quality of life for communities living near landfills. The findings emphasize that the management of household food waste plays a crucial role in achieving environmental sustainability, particularly in supporting the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12, which focuses on responsible consumption and production. Therefore, it is necessary to implement strategies of reduction, reuse, and recycling of food waste at the household level to minimize the negative impacts on environmental sustainability in Indonesia.

Social Studies (IPS) learning in elementary schools plays a crucial role in fostering students’ social awareness, which includes understanding social values, developing empathy, and participating responsibly in community life. However, in practice, Social Studies learning often remains theoretical and textbook-centered, making students’ learning experiences less meaningful and disconnected from real-life contexts. To address this issue, utilizing the surrounding environment as a learning resource offers an effective alternative by bringing real social situations into the learning process. This study aims to analyze the concepts, implementation, and impact of environmental utilization on enhancing elementary students’ social awareness. The research employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method by reviewing relevant scholarly articles obtained from national and international databases such as Garuda, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, using the keywords “environment as a learning resource in Social Studies” and “students’ social awareness.” The findings reveal that the use of the surrounding environment as a learning resource promotes students’ critical thinking, empathy, and social concern through contextual and participatory learning experiences. Moreover, teachers play a pivotal role in designing project-based and field-observation activities that strengthen the internalization of social values. Therefore, Social Studies learning that integrates environmental resources is proven to be effective in shaping students’ social character from an early age and supports the realization of holistic, active, and life-oriented education.  

This study aims to explore the role of digital storytelling (DST) as a 21st-century learning strategy in strengthening character education. The rapid development of digital technology and the growing emphasis on student-centered learning have made DST a relevant pedagogical approach that integrates creativity, critical thinking, collaboration, and communication with values-based education. Using a simple systematic literature review (SLR) approach, this study analyzed eight peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2020 and 2024, obtained from international academic databases Scopus. Thematic content analysis was used to synthesize findings and map the contribution of DST to 21st-century learning competencies and character development. The results identified eight key themes: increased student engagement, improved collaboration and communication, enhanced critical thinking and decision-making, creativity and multimodal expression, self-reflection and identity building, empathy and social awareness, interdisciplinary and authentic learning, and the formation of moral values. These findings support constructivist and experiential learning theories and suggest that DST not only enhances cognitive skills but also facilitates affective and ethical development. The study concludes that DST can be a transformative instructional tool in modern education. Practical implications include integrating DST into curricula across disciplines and levels, and equipping educators with training in digital pedagogy and reflective teaching design. Further research is recommended to explore DST implementation in primary and secondary schools and to evaluate its impact using mixed methods.

This study aims to systematically review various studies that discuss the role of entrepreneurship education in developing students’ entrepreneurial spirit at the Senior High School (SMA) and Vocational High School (SMK) levels. The method used is the Systematic Literature Review (SLR), guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The reviewed articles cover publications from 2019 to 2025. Based on the selection of 20 scientific articles, the findings indicate that entrepreneurship education plays an important role in enhancing students’ creativity, innovation, self-confidence, and independence. The most effective learning strategies include project-based learning, business simulations, and collaboration with the industrial sector. In addition, teachers play a crucial role as facilitators in fostering an entrepreneurial mindset. The challenges identified include limited resources, insufficient teacher training, and suboptimal school policy support. Overall, entrepreneurship education has been proven to make a significant contribution to shaping entrepreneurial character and preparing students to face the challenges of the workforce.

This study aims to systematically examine the influence of digital literacy on the learning outcomes and 21st-century skills of high school students. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following the PRISMA guidelines. Data sources were obtained from various academic databases, including Google Scholar, ERIC, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink, with publications ranging from 2019 to 2025. A total of 30 articles were selected based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The analysis was conducted using a thematic approach to identify patterns, relationships, and the contribution of digital literacy to learning outcomes and the development of 21st-century skills, such as critical thinking, collaboration, communication, and creativity. The synthesis results show that digital literacy has a significant influence on improving learning outcomes and strengthening 21st-century competencies. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating digital literacy into secondary school curricula and teacher training to support effective 21st-century learning.

This study analyzes the mechanism of money creation in Islamic financial institutions by examining its relationship with prudential principles and financial intermediation. The research is motivated by the growth of Indonesia’s Islamic capital market, which reached a capitalization of IDR 5,060 trillion in 2025, yet conceptual challenges remain regarding money creation in line with maqashid al-shariah. The study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) using the PRISMA framework, reviewing 38 relevant academic articles. Findings indicate that money creation in Islamic finance occurs only through real-asset-based activities, differing from the conventional system that relies on credit expansion and interest. Intermediation functions are carried out through partnerships emphasizing fair risk and profit sharing, while the prudential principle ensures controlled monetary expansion. The study concludes that the integration of moral and economic dimensions establishes a fair, stable, and sustainable Islamic monetary paradigm and contributes conceptually to strengthening Islamic financial policy in Indonesia.

This study is driven by the pressing necessity for educational institutions to possess skilled and high quality workforce  to ensure educational achievement. Human resource administration plays a strategic role in enhancing individual contributions toward achieving academic objectives. The quality of school HR is a crucial factor in determining both educational standards and outcomes. The purpose of this research is to explore how personnel administration contributes to the creation of superior HR within schools. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach was employed, analyzing 30 articles accredited at the national level sourced from Google Scholar. The systematic literature review  method was selected since it provides a thorough understanding and integrates findings from a range of pertinent studies, leading toward more credible and dependable conclusions. The findings indicate that HR administration is a key element in developing excellent educational staff through several mechanisms, including administrative oversight, educator hiring and screening, capacity building, and work performance assessment, well being and equitable remuneration and institutional culture building, and dispute resolution. These interrelated elements collectively contribute to forming superior HR, consequently enhances the general standard of education. This study provides a significant contribution to understanding the pivotal role of HR management within educational settings and presents effective approaches that schools can implement to strengthen the standard of their educational staff.

This study aims to analyze the role of the Selected Topics in Mathematics course in developing Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) among prospective mathematics teachers through a systematic literature review. The review covered 21 articles published between 2020 and 2025, sourced from nationally accredited Sinta-indexed journals and reputable international journals. The research employed the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, following the stages of data reduction, data display, and verification and interpretation based on the model by Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña (2014). The analysis revealed that the implementation of problem-based learning and inquiry-based learning strategies is effective in enhancing students’ abilities in analysis, evaluation, and creation. The use of authentic assessments such as projects and reflective rubrics proved to be more comprehensive in measuring higher-order thinking processes compared to conventional tests. Key challenges identified include limited lecturer training, lack of contextual teaching materials, and insufficient technological support. This study confirms the strategic potential of the Selected Topics in Mathematics course in fostering HOTS among prospective teachers and offers recommendations for strengthening the curriculum and developing HOTS-based assessments in higher education.

This systematic literature review (SLR) thoroughly investigates the significant role of English for Public Administration (EPA) in improving the overall employability of STIA Tabalong graduates in an increasingly competitive job market. Employing a rigorous and structured search protocol across major academic databases such as Scopus and Google Scholar, this study carefully synthesizes key findings from relevant scholarly articles published between 2015 and 2025. The comprehensive review reveals that proficiency in EPA is absolutely crucial for effective professional communication in various public sector roles, significantly impacting a graduate's ability to secure employment and advance their career. Key findings indicate a strong correlation between specialized English skills and job opportunities, while also highlighting common challenges in EPA implementation, such as a lack of relevant teaching materials and pedagogical limitations. The findings provide concrete implications for STIA Tabalong, suggesting necessary curriculum enhancements to better align with industry demands and to bridge the existing skills gap.

Digital storytelling (DST) refers to the merging of storytelling with digital media to address educational needs, such as communication, self-expression, and language acquisition, particularly writing skills. Writing has a significant role in students’ lifelong learning. Hence, teachers constantly seek novel ways to enhance students’ writing skills. To address the research question on describing the role of digital storytelling (DST) as an effective strategy in enhancing students’ writing skills and its opportunities and challenges, this paper provides a systematic review of several studies on Google Scholar and ERIC. The methodology employed in this paper was a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with a qualitative approach, commonly referred to as meta-synthesis. The findings demonstrate that digital storytelling (DST) can be used as an effective strategy by teachers in enhancing students’ writing skills. Most of the authors of these research papers have presented empirical evidence supporting the benefits of integrating digital storytelling (DST) in the classroom to enhance students' writing more effectively.

This study is grounded in the importance of understanding the dynamics of group behavior within multicultural Islamic education institutions , where spiritual values , organizational culture , and leadership interact to create a harmonious working climate . A strong organizational culture and inclusive leadership are believed to be the foundation for fostering collaboration , fairness , and mutual respect among members . The purpose of this study is to analyze how organizational culture and inclusive leadership styles shape group behavior within socially and culturally diverse Islamic education contexts . This research employs a qualitative method with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach , reviewing relevant academic literature focused on group dynamics , work culture , and Islamic values . The findings indicate that an Islamic value - based organizational culture and inclusive leadership play a significant role in strengthening social cohesion , enhancing participation , and fostering group behavior that is both collaborative and spiritually meaningful .

This study aims to formulate an integrative conceptual framework regarding the role of research methods in the formation of evidence-based village policy (EBP). The main focus is how qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods research can be used to produce more inclusive, transparent, and accountable policies in the context of village development in Indonesia. This study uses a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach to scientific publications indexed by Scopus, Web of Science, and SINTA for the period 2015–2025. The literature synthesis shows that research methods play a crucial role in identifying village community needs, improving data quality, and strengthening accountability in the policy formulation process. The EBP approach has been shown to encourage citizen participation, increase transparency in village fund allocation, and minimize the dominance of short-term political interests. However, its implementation faces challenges such as limited capacity of village officials, inadequate data infrastructure, and low policy literacy at the local level. These findings are relevant for strengthening village capacity in managing development funds, developing policies based on the real needs of residents, and promoting social accountability. This article makes a new contribution to the local public policy literature by emphasizing the importance of research as an instrument for strengthening village governance.

An answer to the worldwide need for solutions to food security, data fusion technology that combines climate data with satellite imagery greatly improves the accuracy of agricultural yield predictions; this study intends to examine the advancements, methods, and key contributions of this area. By sifting through 62 papers pulled from Scopus, this research employs the SLR methodology. Document type, data source, open access, subject area, and year of publication (2020–2024) are some of the categories filtered through by Boolean keywords in the selection process. To assess patterns in publications, the efficacy of machine learning models, and key contributions, bibliometric analysis was performed. An upward tendency in publication has been identified by the analysis, particularly beyond the year 2023. Integrating geographical and temporal data has been a great success with machine learning models like Random Forest, Random Forest, and Gradient Boosting. Data resolution, integration of data from several sources, and a real-time framework are still missing pieces to the puzzle when it comes to generalizing research outcomes. More complex data fusion approaches, multiregional datasets, and advanced machine learning models to back more accurate agricultural predictions are all things that this study notes as needing additional investigation in the future. To further innovate agricultural yield prediction, multidisciplinary collaboration is also crucial.

This research aims to develop a digital-based governance model for village finance to support the realization of a Smart and Green Village. The study analyzes how digital transformation in village finance management can increase transparency, accountability, and efficiency, while promoting sustainability-oriented budgeting and environmental practices. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was used to identify, evaluate, and synthesize scientific publications from 2022 to 2025, accessed through reputable databases such as ScienceDirect, Springer, Wiley, Taylor & Francis, SAGE, ACM, and IEEE. The review focused on topics including digital governance in villages, digital public finance, smart village development, green budgeting, environmental sustainability, and rural digital transformation. Findings indicate that digital-based village finance governance enhances administrative efficiency, strengthens budget transparency through real-time monitoring, minimizes financial deviation risks, and boosts public participation in fiscal accountability. Integrating digital systems with green budgeting features enables the prioritization of sustainable programs, such as renewable energy, waste management, climate change mitigation, and green infrastructure development. The study suggests a comprehensive digital-based governance model that includes e-budgeting, e-accounting, digital payment systems, public transparency dashboards, and environmental performance indicators to support the implementation of a Smart and Green Village. This research offers strategic insights for village governments, policymakers, and practitioners on the importance of adopting digital governance tools to improve financial management and strengthen sustainable development at the local level.