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Background: Vertigo is a group of symptoms caused by a disturbance in the balance of the vestibular or central nervous system. Complaints of vertigo can come in the form of nausea, dizziness, spinning, or a feeling of being pulled or drawn in an upright position. Dizziness can also be caused by disturbances in the body's balance organs, including receptors in the eye (retina), in the vestibular and semicircular canals, as well as in tendons, joints, and internal sense organs. Objective: Identifying the characteristics of respondents including age, gender, and measuring the scale of moderate, mild and severe symptoms after performing brandt daroff combination therapy accompanied by lemon aromatherapy. Methods: Pre-experiment research design with one group pretest and post test design with purposive sampling technique, a total of 14 respondents with observation sheet instruments. Results: Based on the analysis, the average number of vertigo complaints experienced by respondents was a score of 32.9. After the respondents were given Brandt Deroff therapy accompanied by lemon, the level of vertigo headache decreased to a score of 1.50. wilcoxon test showed a significance value.2 marked 0.001 <0.05, also Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Conclusion: So it can be concluded that there is an average difference between the results of therapy before (pre-test) and after (post-test) which means that there is an effect of Brandt Daroff treatment accompanied by lemon aromatherapy on reducing the pain scale of vertigo patients in cases at RSI Sultan Agung Semarang.

This study aims to determine gender studies in the perspective of Catholicism in Sikka Regency and the challenges of gender justice in the perspective of Catholicism in Sikka Regency. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach. Data sources used are primary data sources and secondary data sources. The informants involved in this research are the parish priest of St Mary Immaculate Asumptha Habi, the Church Council and community leaders. Data Collection Techniques used are Observation, Interview, and Documentation Techniques. Data analysis techniques include data collection, data reduction, conclusion drawing and verification. The research results obtained are gender studies in the perspective of Catholicism in Sikka Regency and the challenges of gender justice in the perspective of Catholicism in Sikka Regency.

The aim of this research is to find out what factors influence farmers to convert cocoa plantation land into oil palm plantations in Tinondo District, East Kolaka Regency. The sample used was 32 farmers. The data analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis. The research results can be concluded that the factors that cause the conversion of cocoa land to oil palm are the area of ​​cocoa land, farming experience, environmental factors and regulatory factors. Partially using the t test, cocoa land area with a significant value of 0.000, farming experience with a significant value of 0.000, environmental factors with a significant value of 0.025 and regulatory factors with a significant value of 0.000 in the positive direction and the calculated t value is greater than the t table shows that these variables has a significant influence and is the cause of farmers converting cocoa land into oil palm.

Early marriage remains a significant issue contributing to the high prevalence of stunting in Indonesia, particularly in rural areas. The lack of awareness among adolescents and parents regarding the negative impacts of early marriage and the importance of proper nutrition is a major contributing factor. The PENA EMAS (Early Marriage Prevention for Stunting Elimination Towards Healthy Children) program was implemented in Tanjung Buaya Village as part of the KKN-T Posko 22 UNIMMAN initiative to raise public awareness about the dangers of early marriage and its link to stunting risk. This program utilized three main stages: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. Activities included educational sessions, adolescent health screenings, local vegetable planting initiatives, and interactive media such as podcasts and educational competitions. The evaluation results showed an increase in community awareness of family planning and nutrition fulfillment, with five adolescents identified as having anemia based on hemoglobin (Hb) level tests. The conclusion of this program is that community-based educational interventions with participatory approaches can enhance awareness among adolescents and parents in preventing early marriage and reducing stunting risk. Recommended follow-up actions include regular health check-ups, adolescent mentoring, and the empowerment of Youth Ambassadors for Stunting Prevention to ensure the program’s sustainability.

Children often experience feelings of discomfort, anxiety and anxiety when undergoing treatment at the hospital, and some are even traumatized by medical actions. Clay play therapy is an alternative therapy that can reduce children's anxiety. Play therapy using clay involves shaping or making various shapes/characters from clay (plasticine). Objective; Reducing children's anxiety due to hospitalization with Clay Therapy. Methods: The methods used in Community Service are the Preparation Stage, Implementation Stage, and Evaluation Stage. Results: There is a significant increase in changes in anxiety levels with 95% of children experiencing mild anxiety after playing clay therapy. Conclusion: There is a Significant Impact of Clay Play Therapy on Children's Anxiety Due to Hospitalization in the Hospital.

Technological advances have a significant impact on the world of education, including at the Senior High School (SMA) level. This community service aims to improve the understanding and application of educational technology at SMAN 4 Padang Sidempuan in order to improve the quality of learning. The methods used include teacher training, assistance in implementing technology in learning, and evaluation of the effectiveness of its application. The results show that the use of technology such as Learning Management System (LMS), interactive multimedia, and learning software increases student engagement and teaching effectiveness. The use of educational technology also contributes to improving the quality of learning that is more interactive and flexible. However, the challenges faced in implementing educational technology include the readiness of educators, school infrastructure, and the gap in access to technology for students. Therefore, a comprehensive approach is needed in developing human resources and utilizing more optimal technology.

The pharmaceutical industry operates under a strict regulatory framework to ensure that the products produced are safe, of high quality, and effective. These regulations are continuously updated to keep up with advancements in science, technological developments, and global demands for higher quality standards. The pharmaceutical industry also faces the challenge of global regulatory harmonization, such as standards set by WHO and PIC/S. These regulations are designed to ensure drug quality from development to distribution. Changes in Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) regulations are crucial for improving pharmaceutical production quality in Indonesia. This study aims to conduct a gap analysis between the 2018 GMP and the draft 2024 GMP Annex 1, particularly in terms of equipment, supporting facilities, and personnel. The method used is a comparative analysis by comparing the provisions of the 2018 GMP with the draft 2024 GMP. The gap analysis results between the 2018 GMP and the draft 2024 GMP Annex 1 in terms of equipment, supporting facilities, personnel, and sterile product completion indicate significant changes in the adopted standards. The proposed 2024 GMP revision introduces substantial improvements in sterile product manufacturing standards. As part of efforts to enhance global competitiveness, the Indonesian pharmaceutical industry must continue to adapt to dynamic technological and regulatory changes. By implementing various strategies—including substantial investments in modern equipment, adjustments to supporting facilities, and capacity building for personnel—the Indonesian pharmaceutical industry can meet global standards while ensuring the availability of safe, high-quality, and effective sterile products for the public.

This community service activity aims to provide health check-ups and awareness programs for fishermen in Galesong Takalar, Makassar, South Sulawesi. Fishermen are vulnerable to various health issues due to prolonged exposure to extreme weather conditions, lack of nutrition, and high physical workload. The program includes general medical check-ups, awareness sessions on occupational health risks, and distribution of basic health kits. The methods used involve community engagement, collaboration with local health centers, and participatory discussions. The results indicate increased health awareness and early detection of common diseases among fishermen, which can improve their quality of life and work productivity.

Poetry is an expression of a writer's heart from his life experiences expressed in the form of beautiful text that is imaginative and has deep meaning. Required in-depth analysis to reveal the meaning contained in it. This researchaims to reveal the inner structure contained in the poem Bukit Biru, BukitKelu by Taufik Ismail. The method used uses content structure analysis which includes theme, feeling, tone and atmosphere as well as message. Results obtained shows that the theme of the poem is in a calm atmosphere, but must be optimistic, feeling.I conveyed the lyrics in the form of an optimistic spirit, the tone and atmosphere showed patriotic and firm, as well as a mandate that upholds optimism. This research is very.It is important to see the meaning contained in the poem Bukit Biru, Bukit Kelu by Taufik Ismail so that the meaning can be conveyed to the audience.

Ahead of the election which will be held in February 2024, television is competing to broadcast various educational talk show programs, especially regarding elections or politics, one of which is TVRI Nasional. Ideally, people choose with their own thoughts and views. However, in reality there are still many people who choose randomly without logical reasons or just go along with it, even worse, they are indifferent to the election. The purpose of this research is to find out what educational messages are contained and how the educational messages contained in "Warung Pengkolan" Episode 03 are viewed from Teun Dijk's discourse analysis. This research uses a qualitative approach with the Van Dijk discourse analysis method, wanting to know messages according to macro structure, superstructure and micro structure. The results obtained are that the messages conveyed in the TVRI "Warung Pengkolan" program are contained in accordance with the macro structure, superstructure and micro structure. In the macro structure, it is to invite, educate and motivate young people or young Indonesian voters who this year have the right to exercise their right to vote and not the white group, because our choice really determines the future of the Indonesian nation. In the superstructure, it is divided into two perspectives, the first perspective is the correct way to choose, namely by looking at the vision and mission and the work program, the second perspective in choosing we have to carry out checks and balances and look at the track record, don't be trapped by the Echo Chamber phenomenon. In the micro structure of delivering education, a speaker or resource person must speak politely and politely and use language that is easy to understand. Because a speaker's words and behavior will determine whether the message can be conveyed clearly to the audience.

Scratch is a visual programming platform that allows people without advanced programming knowledge to create interactive projects such as games, animations, and quizzes. The purpose of this research is to create an interactive listening quiz design for university students using the scratch website. The method in this research is using SDLC with waterfall model. The results of this study was the design of interactive listening quizzes by applying the SDLC-Waterfall model by involving five stages, namely 1) requirement (Planning), 2) design (design), 3) Implementation (implementation), 4) Verification (operation), and 5) Maintenance (maintenance). The conclusion of this study is that there were five stages in designing interactive listening quizzes for students using the scratch website.

This study aims (1) to determine the ability of mastery of mufradat in seventh grade students of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Babang Luwu before and after applying puzzle book media. (2) to determine the effectiveness of puzzle book media in improving mastery of mufradat for seventh grade students of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Babang Luwu. The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) with Kemmis and McTaggart model which consists of two cycles. Data were collected through observation, tests, and interviews. The results of this study are (1) classroom action research conducted by researchers can be concluded that the use of puzzle book media is effective to be applied to seventh grade students (Research Class) by looking at the increase in the results of students' mastery of mufradat which increased through puzzle book media. (2) The percentage increase in cycle I can be seen that out of 23 students, 10 students with a percentage of (43%) were complete, while 13 students with a percentage of (57%) were not complete. As for cycle II, it can be seen that out of 23 students, 19 students were complete with a percentage (83%), while those who were not complete were 4 students with a percentage (17%). From cycle I to cycle II there was an increase in learning outcomes by (40%). Thus in cycle II the learning outcomes were said to be complete.

In the current era, public interest in using public transportation in Indonesia has decreased significantly, people prefer to use private transportation. Therefore, further research is needed on the factors that influence public interest in using public transportation services in Indonesia. This study will examine the variables of Aggressive Driving, Brand Image, Equality, and Price Perception in their influence on interest in using public transportation services, a case study on the PO. Damri Bus route Ponorogo - Tulungagung. The purpose of this study is to examine how much influence there is between the variables Aggressive Driving, Brand Image, Equality, and price perception, on public interest in using public transportation. The sample in this study was 100 respondents who were passengers of the PO. Damri bus route Ponorogo-Tulungagung. The data analysis technique in this study used multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS 26.0 statistical tools. Based on the results of the study and data analysis, the regression equation was obtained as follows: Y = -1.631 - 0.273X1 + 0.266X2 + 0.243X3 + 0.339X4 + μ The results of multiple regression analysis show that aggressive driving has a negative effect on public interest, while the variables brand image, equality, and price perception have a positive effect on public interest. Of the 4 hypotheses proposed in this study, Hypothesis 1 is rejected (t-count <t-table), the other hypotheses H2, H3, H4 are accepted as indicated by the t-count value> t-table. Adjusted R Square value = 0.613, this shows that the four variables above influence public interest by 61.3%, while the rest (100% - 61.3% = 38.7%), this proves that public interest in using public transportation is influenced by other variables outside the study or outside the regression equation model by 38.7%.

This study aims to analyze brand adaptation strategies employed by multinational companies in addressing global marketing challenges, particularly in the context of cultural differences, consumer preferences, and regulatory variations across countries. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, data were collected through in-depth interviews with marketing managers and document analysis related to corporate branding strategies. The findings reveal that multinational companies adopt a flexible brand adaptation approach by adjusting product elements, marketing communications, and brand values to align with local market characteristics while maintaining their global identity. These findings highlight that balancing global brand consistency with local market adaptation is a key factor in the success of global marketing strategies.

This studyiaims toiexamine theirecognition and measurement process related to the receiptiand distribution ofifunds carried out by BAZNAS Majalengka Regency, analyze the implementation of its financial reports, and assess their compliance with PSAK 109. Using a qualitativeidescriptive method, data wasicollected throughiinterviews. The research findings indicate that the financial reporting of BAZNAS Majalengka Regency adheres to PSAK 109, covering the receipt and distributioniofizakat, infaq, and sadaqah funds. Every economic transaction is systematically recorded, and the financial reports comply with applicableiregulations, including the treatment of non-halal funds in accordance with sharia iprinciples. In terms of recognition and presentation, BAZNAS Majalengka Regency applies the double-entry recording system, which is considered effective and efficient. Overall, the financial reports prepared align with PSAK 109 in terms of recognition, measurement, and presentation.

The discourse regarding political determination in the process of impeaching the president and/or vice president is very interesting and deserves to be taken seriously.  The author's hypothesis states that the process of impeaching the president and/or vice president is a political forum where at any time the MK has decided that the DPR's allegation that the President has committed a violation of the constitution is true, but to fully execute it will return to the MPR.  This article tests this hypothesis using the normative juridical method, which involves analyzing legal norms, principles and doctrines through a positive legal approach.  This study concludes that although the main characteristic of impeaching the president and/or vice president in a presidential system is a difficult clause, the choice to prioritize the legitimacy of the political forum must also be followed by a rational process and composition.

This research aims to analyze the differences in the definition of a child's age in the Child Protection Law and the Human Rights Law and how this affects the handling of juvenile cases, as well as the implications of the contradiction in the definition of a child's age between the Child Protection Law and the Human Rights Law in juvenile justice processes. This type of research is normative research. The research results indicate that (1) The difference in the definition of a child in the Child Protection Law (Law No. 35 of 2014) and the Human Rights Law (Law No. 39 of 1999) creates inconsistency in legal protection for children. A fair legal system should provide more protection to vulnerable groups, such as children, without distinguishing their marital status. The principle of justice as fairness requires that every individual, especially vulnerable groups, should receive equal opportunities and maximum protection under the law. However, the definition in the Human Rights Law, which excludes married children, creates injustice and contradicts the principle of non-discrimination outlined in the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). (2) The implication of the contradiction in the definition of a child's age between the Child Protection Law and the Human Rights Law in juvenile justice processes is the legal impact, leading to inconsistency in law enforcement by law enforcement officials. Legal theory highlights that the success of law enforcement is influenced by the alignment between the law, law enforcement officials, and society. In this case, the misalignment of legal definitions complicates the decision-making process for law enforcers in determining the status of a married child, which impacts the protection of their rights. Additionally, the theory of distributive justice emphasizes that the distribution of legal treatment should be proportional to the individual's needs. A married child still requires legal protection as a vulnerable age group, so the legal treatment should reflect this need  

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of electoral policies in Surabaya City using SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats). The main issue faced is the suboptimal application of policies, despite various programs being launched to increase voter participation. SWOT analysis is a tool used to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats within an organization or policy. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design, involving in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis to collect data from policymakers, policy implementers, and the general public. The results indicate that the primary strengths lie in competent human resources and capable technological infrastructure, while weaknesses include a lack of inter-agency coordination and budget constraints. Opportunities can be leveraged through technological advancements and community support, whereas threats include regulatory changes and cybersecurity risks. The study provides recommendations to enhance coordination, develop voter training and education programs, and strengthen cybersecurity. Thus, it is hoped that the electoral process in Surabaya will become more effective, efficient, and transparent, gaining full trust from the public.

Informatics systems have an important role in improving the effectiveness of the learning process in schools. This study aims to analyze the effect of the application of informatics systems on the quality of learning. The research method used is an experimental study with a quantitative approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and questionnaires given to students and teachers. The results of the study indicate that the use of informatics systems, such as e-learning and technology-based academic management, can improve the efficiency of school administration and facilitate student access to learning materials. These findings indicate the importance of technology integration in the world of education.  

This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR), aimed at improving the learning motivation of class IX A students in the subject of Islamic Cultural History at the An-Nur Tangkit Muaro Jambi Islamic Junior High School by using Video Based Learning (VBL) media. This research was conducted in two cycles and four stages, including: (1) planning, (2) implementation, (3) observation, (4) reflection. Data were obtained through observation, interviews and documentation. The subjects of this research were class IX A students at the An-Nur Tangkit Muaro Jambi Islamic Junior High School, totaling 20 students. In the application of this Video Based Learning media, there was an increase in student learning motivation in each cycle. The value of student learning motivation in cycle I was 47.4% with a moderate category, and the value of student learning motivation in cycle II was 66.9% with a high category. Which means that through the use of Video Based Learning (VBL) media, student learning motivation can be improved.