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The aim of this research is to evaluate the influence and effectiveness of the PAILKEM method (Active, Innovative, Environmentally Friendly, Creative, Effective, Interesting Learning) in improving the literacy understanding of class I and II students at SD Negeri 163 Palembang. The research method used was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of two groups, namely the experimental group which was given learning using the PAILKEM method and the control group which used the conventional method. Data collection techniques include pretest, posttest, and questionnaire, which are analyzed using the N-Gain test, independent sample t-test, and homogeneity test. Research data includes primary data in the form of pre-test and post-test results as well as secondary data collected using a questionnaire to determine student responses to this method. The increase in posttest scores in the experimental group was significant compared to the control group. The t-test results show that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups, which means that the application of PAILKEM has a significant influence on increasing students' literacy understanding. This is reinforced by the results of the N-Gain test which meets the high criteria and meets the Indonesian KKTP. The student questionnaire also showed very good responses regarding various aspects of the PAILKEM dimensions. In conclusion, the PAILKEM method is effective and has a positive effect on the literacy understanding of grade I and II students and can be used as an innovative alternative in teaching literacy in elementary schools.

Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of an infant's life is an important practice that supports child growth and development. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between internal maternal factors and breastfeeding patterns. The study was conducted using a cross sectional study design. The study was conducted at Puskesmas Putat Jaya Surabaya with a sample of 63 mothers with infants <6 months who provide direct breastfeeding to their babies. Data were obtained from questionnaires, weight measurement using digital scales and height using microtoice. Data were processed using chi square test. The test results showed that there was a significant relationship between maternal knowledge with proper colostrum feeding (p = 0.002), parity with breastfeeding frequency (p = 0.002) and maternal nutritional status with breastfeeding frequency (p = 0.001). While other variables in this study showed no significant relationship. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between maternal knowledge and proper colostrum feeding and there is a significant relationship between parity and nutritional status with the frequency of breastfeeding. Suggestions for the need for education as an increase in knowledge and maintaining a diet to increase the success of breastfeeding.

Cardiovascular disease especially coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, is the main cause of global death, with increased blood lipid levels as one of the risk factors. This research offers the potential of anthocyanin-rich berry supplements in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and improving blood lipid profiles through a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial studies (RCTs). Data was collected from various databases and filtered based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Analysis shows that consumption of berry supplements containing anthocyanins can reduce LDL-C levels by 0.29 mmol/L compared to the control group, with a p value <0.05 and I2 = 79%, indicating that the variation between these studies is heterogeneous. These findings are in line with previous research which showed a 13.6% reduction in serum LDL-C levels in the group consuming anthocyanins. In the whortleberry exposure group, the results showed that of the two journal articles analyzed, the data points fell outside the confidence interval (CI), indicating there was no significant difference in the results of the studies. The use of anthocyanins on berries other than whortleberries showed a significant effect, while on whortleberries, the difference with or without anthocyanins was not significant. The results of this study emphasize the importance of consuming anthocyanin-rich berry supplements in improving blood lipid profiles and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, and support the development of anthocyanin-based nutritional supplements as an effective public health strategy.

Degenerative diseases such as diabetes mellitus are related to eye health. This is because the blood vessels in the retina can be an indication when someone is experiencing a pathological abnormality. Zeaxanthine as a type of phytochemical which is included in the carotenoid group or derivative has a role in preventing eye damage, especially to the retina and several degenerative diseases. This research uses a literature review method by retrieving scientific articles online on trusted pages such as PubMed, Science Direct and Crossmark. The aim of this research is to determine the effect and benefits of consuming zeaxanthin either in the form of consuming food sources of zeaxanthin directly or through supplements on eye health and degenerative diseases. The results of this study show the positive role of zeaxanthin in maintaining eye health and preventing nearsightedness, retinal damage and cataracts. Meanwhile, the relationship between zeaxanthin intake and the prevention of degenerative diseases has been explained in all scientific articles used in this research. 

Food allergies are medical conditions caused by particular immunological reactions brought on by exposure to certain foods. All age groups can experience food allergies, albeit the prevalence varies between children and adults, with children experiencing this condition more frequently than adults. Find food ingredients or substances that can trigger allergies, often known as allergens. This project attempts to determine whether or not the food includes allergies by applying the SVM data mining method to a public dataset of food goods and allergens that was acquired via Kaggle. High accuracy, effective memory use, and the ability to handle non-normally distributed data are some of the benefits of the SVM method. Data collection is the first step in the research process. Data pre-processing, which includes data transformation, handling missing values, and copy objects, comes next. Validation comes next. Split validation with 90% training data and 10% testing data, 10-fold cross validation, and split validation with an 80%–20% ratio were all compared in this study. The SVM method is applied after the dataset has passed validation, and the confusion matrix is used for the last evaluation step. SVM has an accuracy rate of 97.24% when using 10-fold cross validation, according to the accuracy value produced by the validation process comparison. Split validation yields an accuracy value of 97.50% when the ratio of training data to testing data is 90% to 10%. In contrast, an accuracy rate of 98.75% was achieved by using split validation with a ratio of 80% and 20%.

This research aims to describe the application of the Free Expression method in improving the learning process and increasing students' creativity in Class II Fine Arts Learning at State Elementary School 165/VIII Sumber Arum, Tebo Regency. This type of research is Classroom Action Research. This research includes planning, implementation, observation and reflection stages. The subjects of this research were students in class II of State Elementary School 165/VIII Sumber Arum, Tebo Regency. The instruments of this research are educator observation sheets, student observation sheets, performance tests, and documentation. The data analysis technique for this research uses qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques. The results of the research are: 1. There was an increase in the learning process which can be seen from the observation sheet in Cycle I Meeting 1, namely 72.5, the value of Cycle I Meeting II, namely 80, the value of Cycle II Meeting I, namely 85, and the value of Cycle II Meeting II, namely 90. Furthermore, the value of the results of the student observation sheet for Cycle I Meeting 1, namely 70, the value of Cycle I Meeting II, namely 77.5, the value of Cycle II Meeting I, namely 85, and the value of Cycle II Meeting II, namely 92.5, (2) There has been an increase in student creativity in Fine Arts Learning which can be seen in the performance test scores. At the Pre-cycle stage the average score was 68.6 in the poor category, increasing in Cycle I, namely 78 in the Fairly Good category and increasing in Cycle II, namely 87 in the Good category. So, it can be concluded that the application of the Free Expression method can increase students' creativity in Class II Fine Arts Learning at State Elementary School 165/VIII Sumber Arum, Tebo Regency.

This study aims to develop a natural-based herbal shampoo using Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn leaves and Carica papaya L. seeds as a safer and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic shampoos, which often contain harmful chemicals. Ceiba pentandra leaves contain active compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins with antibacterial properties, while Carica papaya seeds contain glucoside circirindan, which is beneficial for treating gray hair. The research method involves the use of influence diagrams and mathematical models to determine the most effective ingredient formulation. The experimental results showed that the best composition consists of 60 grams of Ceiba pentandra leaves, 30 grams of Carica papaya seeds, 5 grams of texavon, 10 grams of NaCl, and 350 ml of distilled water. The resulting herbal shampoo product is not only effective and economical but also environmentally friendly.

Fishing activities are very worrying, due to fishing activities using fishing gear that is not environmentally friendly and not managed well, which can trigger resource damage in the future. This research aims to analyze the status of fishing gear based on environmentally friendly fishing gear categories and fishing units in accordance with the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF). The research method used is a survey method and data collected through a process of field observation, interviews and questionnaires. The environmental friendliness of the Drift gillnet fishing gear has a value of 912 with a weight score of 30.40. The catches include Kembung, yellow selar, manyung, peperek, kuniran, gulamah, kerong, layur, mullet, talang-talang, tetengek, black pomfret, kurau, aru-aru, Sembilang, coral grouper, mud grouper. The catch rate value was 28 in November, while December had a catch rate value of 21,167.

The purpose of this community service activity is to enhance the innovation and product visualization of the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) Dapur 80 to increase consumer awareness and familiarity with its products. Through observations and interviews, several challenges were identified, including Dapur 80 lacked a consistent visual identity, used simple product packaging, had an unorganized menu, and did not have an appealing business location marker. To address these issues, the activity focused on designing and producing menu catalogs, product stickers, and a neon box—each playing a crucial role in enhancing product appeal. The results indicated successful implementation: catalogs were distributed to resellers, 100 stickers were printed and applied to product packaging, and one neon box was installed at the business location. An evaluation with the owner revealed satisfaction with the developed promotional media. Within just ten days of use, Dapur 80 recorded an increase of 11 new customers. However, the project was limited by its relatively short duration of one month, which constrained the measurement of long-term impacts. Despite this limitation, the community service activity contributed significantly to improving Dapur 80’s sales performance, demonstrating that enhanced product visualization can attract consumer attention, stimulate demand, and increase turnover.

The light steel roll forming machine is a tool used in the manufacturing industry to continuously shape steel sheets into specific profiles. Efficiency and accuracy in production heavily depend on the control system employed. This article discusses the implementation of an automatic control system in a light steel roll forming machine, focusing on the use of sensors, actuators, and a microcontroller-based control system. Additionally, the system is equipped with a digital printing machine to directly print product branding and light steel specifications. The research results indicate that the application of an automatic control system enhances product precision, improves production efficiency, and reduces the defect rate.

Supervision is part of the directing function carried out by supervisors to improve nurse performance. Falls result in injuries such as broken bones or bleeding and can cause death. This is because nurses' lack of optimal compliance with the implementation of fall risk prevention SOP can increase the incidence of patients falling while being treated. One of the incidents of falls comes from not yet optimal SOP planning in an institution. The purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship between head of room supervision and the implementation of fall risk prevention SOP at the Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital.This research is a quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires and observation sheets. The research sample consisted of 50 respondents. This research uses a total sampling technique and is processed statistically with the correlation test used in this research is the spearman rank test.The results of the spearman rank test on the room head supervision data with the implementation of fall risk prevention SOP obtained a p value of 0.000 (<0.05). For further research, it is recommended to expand the scope of research by involving more respondents and hospital institutions in order to obtain more generalizable results.

From Swanson’s Caring theory, one of the caring indicators can be taken, namely knowing, which is an effort to know and understand events in needs and expectations but focuses on patients. Not only knowing needs and expectations but also focusing on efficient and effective care and treatment. Poor knowing of patient care can cause infection transmission. Therefore, nurses are required to have knowledge and be able to prevent the risk of infection. From poor nurse caring, it is possible for nurses to be affected which can be detrimental to nurses. If nurses carry out service tasks in accordance with SOP, they can reduce the risk of infection at the standard level set in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to determine caring bahavior with preventing the risk of infection in hospitals. This study used a sampling technique using a total sampling of 100 respondents using the spearman rank test. The results of this study were that most nurses were female, 79 people (79%), 51 nurses (51%) had good caring behavior, 97 nurses (97%), and 98 nurses (98%) were high in preventing the risk of infection. Conclusion, there is a relationship between caring behavior and prevention of infection risk at Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang by looking at the p-value of 0,000 the spearman rank correlation value is r 0,344 which indicates that the level of correlation strength is moderate with a positive correlation direction.

Intravenous (IV) insertion is a common nursing procedure in hospital settings, requiring strict adherence to Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to minimize complications such as nosocomial infections and phlebitis. However, many nurses fail to fully comply with SOPs, increasing patient safety risks. Several factors, including individual aspects such such as age, gender, educational level, and work experience are suspected to influence compliance. This study aims to examine the relationship between nurses’ characteristics and their compliance with IV insertion SOPs at Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital, Semarang. This research employed a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The study involved 30 nurses selected through purposive sampling. Data were obtained using a questionnaire for demographic characteristics and an observation checklist to assess SOP compliance. The data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of 0.05. The findings indicated that most nurses demonstrated moderate compliance (50%) or high compliance (50%), with no respondents classified as non-compliant. Statistical analysis revealed no significant relationship between age (p=0.705), gender (p=1.000), educational level (p=0.189), or years of experience (p=1.000) and IV insertion SOP compliance. These findings suggest that individual characteristics are not the primary determinants of compliance. Future research should explore other contributing factors such as hospital work environment, supervision, and patient safety culture to enhance IV insertion adherence.

Excessive workload can cause work stress among nurses, impacting their performance and the quality of healthcare services. Nurses in inpatient wards often experience this due to high job demands and a large number of patients. This study aims to analyze the relationship between workload and work stress levels among nurses in the inpatient ward of RSI Sultan Agung Semarang. This quantitative research employed a correlational design. A total of 100 nurses from the inpatient ward of RSI Sultan Agung Semarang were selected using total sampling. Data were obtained from a questionnaire measuring physical and psychological workload aspects and work stress indicators such as emotional exhaustion and decreased personal accomplishment. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The majority of respondents (82.8%) had a moderate workload, while most (76.8%) experienced moderate work stress. Bivariate analysis indicated a significant relationship between workload and work stress levels (< 0.05). A high workload significantly contributes to boost work stress levels among nurses in the inpatient ward of RSI Sultan Agung Semarang. Effective workload management strategies, such as adjusting nurse-to-patient ratios and providing stress management programs, are necessary to improve nurse well-being and enhance the quality of healthcare services

Kava (Piper Methysticum) is a plant traditionally used in the South Pacific for its sedative and anxiolytic effects. Its active compounds, kavalactones, are known to have potential as natural anesthetics, with a mechanism of action similar to benzodiazepines and general anesthetics. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Kava as an anesthetic through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library using relevant keywords. Meta-analysis results indicate that Kava significantly enhances anesthetic effects compared to placebo, primarily through modulation of GABA-A receptors. However, further research is needed to determine the optimal dosage and long-term safety.

The background of this research is relevant to evaluate and improve services in Mayapada Hospital Kuningan , especially in the obstetrics polyclinic. By understanding the relationship between family support and medical personnel, medical personnel competence, patient experience to the obstetrics polyclinic as an intervening variable, and the decision of the birth plan. In addition, there is also a need to evaluate the factors that influence the decision of the birth plan. The purpose of the study is to analyze influence family support and medical personnel, the competence of medical personnel simultaneously with patient experience at the obstetrics polyclinic regarding the decision to plan childbirth at Mayapada Hospital Kuningan. Method Study, this is study associative causality with cross sectional design. This study aims to determine the influence of family support and medical personnel (X1), the competence of medical personnel (X2) on the decision of birth plan (Y) with the patient's experience to the obstetric polyclinic as an intervening variable (Z). The findings of this study are from the statistical test analysis we can find that the most influential variables on the decision of birth plan are family support and medical personnel. The results of the study say that the patient's experience to the polyclinic as an intervening variable does not affect the decision of birth plan. The implications of this study can help management in improving the system for family support and medical personnel, the competence of medical personnel and the patient's experience to the obstetric polyclinic so that it is expected to improve the decision of birth plan to the hospital.

The quality of education is currently the main consideration in this study. The quality of education is generally associated with the highest level of performance indicated by the ability of students to achieve high scores in exams and their ability to learn and do assignments. The importance of the quality of education is due to the fact that this quality also greatly affects the development of the country. Therefore, almost every country in the world is trying to improve the quality of education as a means to improve the standard of living of the general public, good and quality education is created from the performance of a quality teacher as well. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of motivation and work discipline on teacher performance. This study uses a quantitative method, through a questionnaire distribution process involving 4 private vocational schools across Ulu II, Palembang City with a total of 93 teachers, the results of the study indicate that motivation and work discipline simultaneously have a significant effect on teacher performance. The conclusion of this study recommends the importance of motivation and work discipline on teacher performance, it is recommended that schools carry out teacher development programs that focus on increasing motivation and discipline.

This study analyzes the implementation of the Financial Accounting Standards for Micro, Small, and Medium Entities (SAK EMKM) at Alfapro Stationery. The analysis results indicate that Alfapro Stationery has applied several basic principles of SAK EMKM in preparing its financial statements, such as recognizing fixed assets based on acquisition costs, recording inventory, and recognizing revenue and expenses. The financial statements prepared include the statement of financial position, income statement, and notes to the financial statements, supported by a computer-based accounting system (AIO System) that helps generate automatic financial reports every month, thereby increasing accuracy and transparency. However, Alfapro Stationery has not been able to separate personal and business assets, violating the "Separate Economic Entity" concept, which is fundamental in preparing financial statements according to SAK EMKM. Although the company's financial statements formally appear to meet the requirements of SAK EMKM, the lack of clear separation between personal and business assets indicates non-compliance with the standard. Further research can focus on a more in-depth analysis of the effectiveness of the internal control system, evaluating the impact of the latest technology on store operations, better human resource management strategies, and comparative studies with other UMKM that have best practices. This aims to provide broader perspectives and innovative solutions to be implemented at Alfapro Stationery.

Background: Decubitus is a condition where external pressure causes local tissue damage or injury. It usually affects people with chronic illnesses who spend a lot of time in bed. Trauma and surgery can cause damage to the integrity of the skin, but long-term pressure on the skin can also cause irritation and the formation of decubitus, or pressure sores. People who have nerve damage from stroke, traumatic injury, diabetes or coma are also more likely to develop decubitus. However, decubitus of the back or spine still affects a large number of patients today. Objective: To determine the effect of back massage with virgin coconut oil on the risk of decubitus in stroke patients. Methods: The study used a type of quantitative research with an experimental one group pre-post test design. The sample consisted of 17 respondents. Sampling was determined using the Lemeshow formula technique. The data obtained was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: In this study, significant results were obtained with a p value of 0.001 (p <0.5). This means that there is an effect of back massage with virgin coconut oil on the risk of decubitus in stroke patients.  Conclusion: There is an effect of back massage with virgin coconut oil on the risk of decubitus in stroke patients.

Chamomile flowers (Matricaria chamomilla) are known to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antipruritic properties that may be beneficial in the treatment of dermatitis, especially in children. Atopic and contact dermatitis are common skin conditions that often cause itching, inflammation, and discomfort. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of chamomile flowers in reducing dermatitis symptoms in children through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases using relevant keywords. The analysis results indicate that topical application of chamomile extract significantly reduces inflammation and itching compared to a placebo and is nearly comparable to mild corticosteroids. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm its effectiveness and safety.