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This research aims to explore and reconstruct the legal protection policy for justice collaborators in corruption crimes in Indonesia. Although their existence is vital in combating corruption, many perpetrators are reluctant to come forward due to uncertainty in protection and the potential risks they face. Weaknesses in the existing policies, including a lack of transparency and adequate security guarantees, hinder perpetrators from collaborating with law enforcement. Therefore, this research identifies various challenges faced by justice collaborators and highlights the importance of comprehensive legal protection reform. This study offers recommendations for appropriate and effective legal protection efforts for justice collaborators in handling corruption cases. By analyzing protection practices in other countries and applying restorative justice principles, this research aims to provide solutions that not only protect justice collaborators but also enhance public trust in the justice system. It is hoped that the results of this research can contribute to formulating more effective and responsive policies to meet the protection needs of justice collaborators in Indonesia, encouraging more perpetrators to bravely come forward in the fight against corruption.

This research will analyze social changes in the main character in the novel Berkisar Merah by Ahmad Tohari. The novel Berkisar Merah is an object in this research, a novel with a background of a woman’s struggle in her life and Javanese culture in modern society which presents a new idea about cultural and social reconstruction which gives birth to new views, attitudes and ideas regarding humanitarian issues. The struggle of the female characters in the novel Bekisar Merah appears in an effort to fight all manifestations of gender injustice, in the form of subordination, stereotypes and violence. The struggle carried out by Lasi’s character takes the form of arguments for the spirit of equality through the vision of his novel, rejection of violence against women’s sexuality, as well as arguments for the truth about the meaning of women and men. Through the resistance of the female characters in the novel, it can be seen that the problem of male domination over women stems from gender issues, not sex. The aim of this research is to examine social changes in the main character in the novel Berkisar Merah by Ahmad Tohari. This type of research is qualitative research. The data in this research are words that come from novel quotations, and the data source in this research is the novel Berkisar Merah by Ahmad Tohari. The data collection technique used in this research is reading and taking notes. Data analysis technique by classifying data including social changes in the main character in the novel Berkisar Merah by Ahmad Tohari, marking the words and making conclusions.  

This article delves deeply into the concept of Spiritual Restoration and Community: Rebuilding the Foundation of Life, with a focus on the text of Ezra 3:8-13. This research aims to gain a more comprehensive understanding of how the Israelites were interconnected in reaffirming the restoration of life through the reconstruction of the foundation of the Israelite nation. The research methods employed include biblical text analysis, historical studies, and an exposition of the cultural context of the time. The research findings provide a rich and complex perspective on the role of Ezra as a channel of God's will in restoring and guiding His people.

This study is motivated by the decline in 21st century students' interest in learning caused by various factors, such as conventional learning methods that are not relevant to everyday life and lack of active involvement in the learning process. The research method used is a literature study or Library Research, by collecting data from various relevant literature sources. This study resulted in 3 important themes of findings, namely: 1. Flipped Classroom, 2. Mindfullness and emotional well-being, 3. Peer teaching. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the development of a dynamic system model that can increase the learning interest of 21st century learners.    

Reconstructionism is a school of educational philosophy that aims to reshape society through radical educational reform. Rooted in a critique of progressivism, it emerged as a response to social and economic stagnation and the desire to make education an agent of social change. Its leading figures, such as George Counts and Harold Rugg, inspired by the thought of John Dewey and Theodore Brameld, advocate for an education that is able to deal with global challenges, including moral, social and environmental issues. Reconstructionism argues that education is not only responsible for shaping individuals, but also plays a role in building a just and equal society. The principles of this school emphasize the important role of education in dealing with the global crisis, as well as the need for a relevant curriculum to foster students' character and morals. This school places teachers as agents of change who play an important role in guiding students to face the challenges of the times, as well as designing a curriculum that prioritizes social interests. Thus, reconstructionism emphasizes the importance of education in saving civilization through the formation of character, morality, and a new, more humanist culture.

This article examines pastoral counseling strategies for congregants whose Christian faith is weakened by sustained exposure to secular digital content. The problem is not framed as a deterministic claim that digital media directly destroys faith, but as a practical-theological concern: algorithmic personalization, secular moral imaginaries, online doubt communities, entertainment habits, and fragmented attention can reshape belief, practice, belonging, and trust in church authority. The study aims to construct a counseling model that is theologically responsible, psychologically informed, and pastorally usable in local churches. Using a conceptual qualitative design, the article synthesizes literature from digital religion studies, mediatization theory, adolescent and emerging-adult religiosity, media psychology, religious coping, and spiritually integrated counseling. The analysis identifies three main findings. First, faith degradation should be diagnosed as a layered process involving cognitive doubt, affective dryness, moral dissonance, ritual discontinuity, and communal displacement. Second, pastoral counseling must move beyond prohibition toward discerning digital habits, rebuilding spiritual attention, and restoring relational trust. Third, an integrated strategy is proposed: assessment of digital-spiritual formation, narrative and theological reconstruction, communal re-embedding, and digital rule-of-life practices. The article concludes that pastoral counseling in the digital age should function as a ministry of interpretive accompaniment rather than merely corrective instruction.

This study explores the integration of knowledge and religion within Islamic education, focusing on the development of models that connect both domains. Utilizing a qualitative-descriptive approach, the research analyzes various integration models, including the justification of knowledge through Quranic verses, collaboration between science and religion, and the reconstruction of knowledge within Islam. The findings indicate that the integration of knowledge and religion not only enhances students' academic understanding but also shapes their character and morals in alignment with Islamic values. The study also identifies challenges faced in implementing integration models and provides recommendations for developing a more comprehensive curriculum. Thus, this research contributes to the understanding of the significance of integrating knowledge and religion in fostering an educated and ethical generation.  

This research reviews the concept and role of Aswaja lessons at Islamic boarding schools, especially at Islamic boarding schools in Jambi City, in de-radicalization efforts. As is known, radicalization increasingly developed after the fall of the New Order. The Reformation era opened up various forms of expression, including religious expression. The increasing development of radicalization has given rise to widespread public unrest. Various responses emerged, including through counter-ideology. Aswaja is believed to be able to prevent the growth of radicalization. The data presented in this article comes from observations, interviews at Islamic boarding schools in Jambi City; As'ad Islamic boarding school in Jambi City, Saadatul Daren Jambi City and Al Hidayah Islamic boarding school in Jambi City as well as literature review related to the topic of writing. The argument built in this paper is that the reconstruction and actualization of the values contained in Aswaja can be firmly internalized within a santri. The strategies and policies carried out by Islamic boarding schools are important in the socialization and internalization of Aswaja. applying Aswaja subjects and materials, as well as a moderate level of religious understanding among the students Based on test results, the level of moderate understanding among students is as follows: National commitment is 86, maintaining religious tolerance in society is 88, anti-violence is 87 and views and respect for local traditions and culture is 87. Thus, there is a change in religious moderation views in the students after learning the concept of aswaja    

The enactment of Law Number 13 of 2022, concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 12 of 2011 on the Establishment of Legislation, is a follow-up to Constitutional Court Decision No. 91/PUU-XVIII/2020 regarding the formal review of Law Number 11 of 2020 on Job Creation. However, during its formation process, Law Number 13 of 2022 can be considered as not meeting the criteria of an open cumulative law due to the Constitutional Court's decision. It is viewed as a tool to legitimize the flawed legislative process that followed the Court's ruling on Law Number 11 of 2020. The method used in this analysis is normative juridical, applying a statutory approach. The results of this research indicate that the reconstruction of substantive content using the omnibus law method in Law Number 13 of 2022 does not align with regulatory governance in Indonesia, which remains characterized by overlapping regulations—both horizontally and vertically—and is irrelevant to the existing decentralization system. The establishment of a National Regulatory Agency (BRN) is proposed as a constructive solution to ensure that the quality of academic drafts, methods, and regulatory content is thoroughly examined for feasibility, thereby creating a national regulatory system that is high quality, orderly, and optimal.

This article discusses the integration of social sciences and humanities in Islamic studies as an epistemological reconstruction effort to restore the unity between revelation, reason, and social reality. The research approach used is qualitative with a library research design through critical analysis of academic literature from various sources, including journals indexed by Scopus and Google Scholar. The results of the study indicate that the integration of social sciences and humanities broadens the orientation of Islamic studies from a normative-theological perspective to a more contextual and transformative multidisciplinary analysis. The social sciences serve as analytical instruments for socio-religious phenomena, while the humanities provide a reflective, ethical, and philosophical foundation that enriches understanding of Islamic teachings. The implementation of this paradigm is evident in the concept of "integration-interconnection" at UIN Indonesia and "Islamic revealed knowledge" at IIUM Malaysia, which have successfully developed an ethical and rational scientific tradition without abandoning the values ​​of monotheism. Despite facing epistemological and cultural challenges, scientific integration remains a crucial foundation for the development of an inclusive, humanistic, and humane civilization.  

News is a text that has an important role in disseminating information. News text is so useful that it has become a literacy material for students due to the development of advanced technology. Although it has become one of the sources of student literacy, online news texts are still classified as having syntactic errors such as a lack of understanding of the language used in compiling a sentence in the news. The purpose of this study is to describe sentence errors in the news contained in the old CNN Indonesia news, such as "December Sky Phenomena: Geminid Meteor Shower to Solstice", "Mandalika Circuit's Important Role in Bringing Indonesian Drivers to Success in Asia", "Solar Storms Raining on Earth, RI Safe?", "The First Candidate Debate will be Held at the KPU Office on December 12", and "When HIV Tests Become a Scary Scourge Because of People's Scorn". This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results of this study found several findings such as effective sentences, ineffective sentences, spelling errors according to EYD, errors in the use of diction, and sentences that are not clear to the reader. The most common error found in the five news articles is ineffective sentences. The benefit of this research is to provide knowledge insights in the form of understanding sentence writing systematically, which will be useful in improving understanding of authorship in news texts and preventing errors from occurring again in the same news so that it is worthy of being a literacy material for 12th grade high school students.

. Regulation of Law no. 4 of 2023 concerning Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector is used as a regulatory for banks in general in carrying out write-offs and write-offs, especially for MSE debtors. Seeing that post-Covid-19 conditions have made the business of MSE debtors even worse, banks have attempted to restructure credit affected by Covid-19 to reduce the bank's NPL ratio as a reference for the bank's health. However, when the reconstruction is not successful, the bank can carry out a conditional write-off and absolute write-off program as a solution to bad credit. In carrying out write-offs, the Bank writes off the total value of productive assets that cannot be collected from the balance sheet and recorded in the administrative account/off balance sheet. The act of write-off does not eliminate the bank's right to collect from its debtors, but the bank will continue to try to collect from its debtors until the credit the bank has provided can be paid in full. The aim of this research is to complete the settlement of bad debts through conditional write-offs and absolute write-off for the PPSK Law. This type of research uses normative juridical research. The types of data used in this research are primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Data collection techniques using literature studies and field studies. The results of this research are that there are no provisions that regulate in detail the procedures for writing off and writing off bad debts for banks. This is addressed through each bank's internal policy which regulates procedures for write-offs and write-offs for MSE debtors.

This study aims to reconstruct the Islamic education model during the time of the Prophet Muhammad in the context of 21st-century modern education. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method using a literature review as its research type. Data was collected and analyzed from various relevant literature sources, such as the books of the Prophet's biography (sirah nabawiyah), Qur'anic commentaries (tafsir), books on Islamic education, and academic journals. The research findings indicate that the Islamic education model during the Prophet's time has high relevance to the challenges of modern education. Noble values such as faith, piety, good morals, and knowledge taught by the Prophet are essential in shaping quality young generations. However, in the context of modern education, the Islamic education model needs to be reconstructed by adapting teaching methods, developing relevant curricula, and utilizing technology. This study concludes that the reconstruction of the Islamic education model is a crucial endeavor to produce young generations who are faithful, knowledgeable, and virtuous, thus enabling them to face the challenges of the times.    

Learning Arabic is one of the important subjects at the elementary level. Therefore, greater attention is needed in the goals, implementation, and evaluation of learning. In learning Arabic, interaction with the environment and cognitive roles are necessary so that students can comprehensively learn the language in terms of practice and theory. Through this interaction, students' cognitive abilities will develop. As mentioned in Vygotsky's theory, students' cognitive abilities develop as they interact with their environment.    

The emergence of telemedicine as a digital transformation in the healthcare industry is a remarkable innovation that merges cutting-edge technology with community involvement. The progress has been found to enhance the quality of healthcare services but also poses challenges to ethical values in medicine that must be upheld to safeguard human dignity. Consequently, there is a pressing need to reform laws that can safeguard both healthcare providers and patients. Suggested legal reforms include modifying medical practice regulations to ensure equitable legal protection for doctors and patients during telemedicine consultations and bolstering the use of medical records as evidence in conflict resolution. These measures are aimed at ensuring that technological advancements in healthcare align with the values of Pancasila, which prioritize scientific values, fairness, justice, humanity, and balance, as well as the safety and protection of patients.

Background: Iterative Reconstruction (IR) method was first applied to CT in 1960 and successfully used for the first time in clinical research by reconstructing 128 x 128 images according to image metrics and using high-resolution images of 512 x 512 for special research activities such as image evaluation. artifacts and noise. In 2008, the development of IR can improve image quality and reduce the amount of radiation in clinical CT diagnosis. Iterative reconstruction promises to improve image quality while reducing radiation dose. This has been demonstrated in CT of the thorax, coronary arteries, abdomen, spine and neck, paranasal sinuses, and head. Sinogram-Afirmed Iterative Reconstruction (SAFIRE) is one of the iterative algorithm reconstruction methods that uses noise modeling techniques, Sinogram-Afirmed Iterative Reconstruction (SAFIRE), promises to improve Cranial CT (CCT). In this new technique, raw data-based iteration for artifact reduction is combined with image-based iteration using smooth regularization that estimates the variance of image noise in various directions at each image pixel and adjusts it with a spatial variance regularization function simultaneously. Methods: This study is a literature review, where literature exploration is carried out on various databases with keywords such as, Reference sources used in compiling this article include google scollar, as well as articles in English and Indonesian scientific journals. Results: Itarative Reconstruction (IR) Head CT Scan, SAFIRE includes reducing or adding noise to the image results, artifacts, acquisition time, increasing SNR and CNR and reducing dose in the examination. Conclusion: Analysis of Safire results in Head CT-Scan Imaging has an Itarative Reconstruction (SAFIRE) procedure, the role of safire in head CT scans is to optimize noise in the Reconstructed image and can reduce artifacts in the image and increase SNR, CNR in the Reconstructed results so that it can provide better information.    

The important function of bridges in the transportation system requires bridge performance to always be in prime condition. The reliability of the bridge structure in carrying the traffic load on it is the main parameter to guarantee the performance of a bridge. Bridge performance can always be maintained by regularly checking. This article about the evaluation of existing bridges takes a case study of the Maribaya A Bridge which was built in 1972 and is located on Jalan Bts. Tegal City – Bts. The city of Pemalang, which is part of the Pantura, is known for having a heavy load. The Maribaya A Bridge has a total of three spans, spans 1 and 3 with a length of 15 m, and span 2 with a length of 30 m. The evaluation was carried out on the superstructure, the cast in situ type girder components. The analysis is carried out using the rating factor method by comparing the capacity of the girder with the traffic load above it. The calculation results show that the rating factor value for spans 1 and 3 is 0.40 and for span 2 is 0.19. The rating factor value for the entire span shows <1.00, means that the superstructure capacity of the Maribaya A Bridge is no longer able to withstand the traffic load. Serious attention is needed, bridge reconstruction is absolutely necessary.

The reconstruction of the village park is an urgent need in strengthening local identity, improving the quality of life of the community and its environment. The location of the park located on the edge of the Janeng Dam in Mlorah Village is quite well maintained and there are trees that make the environment cool, but it lacks attractiveness because there are no vehicle facilities. The purpose of this community service activity is to achieve the SDGs indicators in order to create a healthier environment, support the digitalization of education, and preserve the environment. The method in implementing the activity is Participatory Action Research. The results of this park reconstruction and digitalization activity are park social media accounts and inorganic waste management into park facilities in the form of biopores, park direction signs, and playgrounds

Participation from all parties is important in post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction because it is the most complex activity in disaster management from the planning process, funding, and implementation. A Tsunami that struck Sunda strait in December 2018 caused a great loss and immediate response is necessary. The delay of rehabilitation and reconstructions affected the stability of national security. Therefore, all parties need to take part in post-tsunami recovery so that the disaster recovery process implemented effectively and efficiently. The purpose of this study was to analyze the participation of society in the post-tsunami rehabilitation and reconstruction management in Pandeglang district, coordination networking, and contributions to national security. The qualitative method is used in this research from the primary and secondary databases. For the purposes of this study, the primary data were gathered through face-to-face interviews from the subjects of research who were chosen based on purposive sampling and snowball methods. The data analyzed qualitatively and simulation by UCINET 6 is used for coordination networking. The result shows that all parties had taken part in the Pandeglang post-tsunami recovery management from the planning process, implementation, monitoring, and evaluations. The level and form of community participation are diverse.

Article 12B Paragraph (1) within the Law of Corruption Offenses bears resemblances to provisions regulating bribery offenses (Article 11, Article 12 letter a, letter b, and letter c), subsequently posing challenges in the implementation of law enforcement. Nonetheless, this article also demonstrates several advantages, including the introduction of the reversal of the burden of proof imposed on the defendant. In the effort to fortify the regulation pertaining to gratification offenses, reconstruction is required in several aspects. Firstly, the definition of gratification needs to be elaborated and clarified to avoid interpretation uncertainties. Secondly, the importance of mandatory reporting regulations concerning gratification receipts is crucial in realizing transparency in corruption prevention. Furthermore, precise gradation is needed regarding the elements of the articles and the threat of punishment for bribery and gratification offenses, including distinguishing between various types of gratification. To sustain effective law enforcement, it is recommended that the government evaluates Article 12B Paragraph (1) and undertakes reconstruction in accordance with the outlined suggestions. These steps are expected to address the regulatory overlaps between bribery and gratification, while strengthening the legal foundation to comprehensively combat corruption offenses.