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The purpose of this study is to discuss the role of educational philosophy in the development of educational theory and practice in Indonesia. Education is an essential component of human life. Education is critical in shaping human character and traits. The author employs qualitative research techniques. The author employs a literature review as a research method, while perusing and observing multiple written sources of information associated to the topic of educational philosophy's role in the formation of the Independent Learning Curriculum in the development of educational theory and practice in Indonesia. According to the research findings, the Independent Learning Curriculum is a curriculum designed by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology to give educational institutions flexibility in establishing a curriculum based on their unique requirements and features. The autonomous Learning Curriculum embodies the ethos of autonomous learning, specifically the spirit of student-centered learning. This paper concludes that theme learning is one of the learning approaches used in the Merdeka Belajar curriculum. This is consistent with the progressive educational concept, which holds that education must be focused on students' needs and interests.

Speech acts must be done by everyone in everyday life. Speech act must be adjusted to the context of speech. It is expected that speakers understand various types of speech acts. This article aims to study directive speech acts in independent curriculum learning videos on the Inspirasi Guru Youtube channel in order to add insight and providing resources for researchers and readers. This research is conducted so that writers and readers can convey speech properly and correctly according to the context of speech. This research uses a pragmatic approach and analyzes by identifying speech acts, especially directive speech acts in independent curriculum learning videos contained in the Inspirasi Guru Youtube channel. The data information taken is a video that contains types of directive speech acts in independent curriculum learning. This research is using qualitative descriptive methods and pragmatic methods. The data collection technique uses listening and recording techniques. After the research in the learning video of the independent curriculum on the Inspirasi Guru youtube channel, it was found that there were various types of directive speech acts including directive speech acts of inviting, asking, ordering, charging, urging, suggesting, commanding, giving signals, forcing. The results of the analysis of this article are expected to add insight and can be a reference material for analyzing speech acts, especially directive speech acts, it is also expected that writers and readers able to speech in all situations boldly, well, and of course correctly.

The learning process serves as a pathway to achieving basic competencies within curriculum implementation. This study aims to describe the implementation of teaching and its evaluation on the topic of thaharah, specifically in the chapter on wudu. The research approach employed is qualitative, with a case study methodology. The researcher collected data through interviews with teachers and students, documentation, and observation during the learning process. The findings indicate that the teaching implementation was carried out optimally, including opening activities such as greetings and providing motivation, core activities such as explaining and demonstrating lessons, and closing activities such as reflection and question-and-answer sessions. The assessment conducted by the teacher aligns with the demands of the Kurikulum Merdeka, which requires evaluation from cognitive, psychomotor, and affective aspects as part of an authentic assessment approach.  

This research aims to study the role and position of the principal as a leader in implementing the Independent Learning program in elementary schools and the influence of this leadership on the success of achieving educational goals. Apart from that, this also shows that the principal's leadership plays a strategic role in determining the success of educational goals. This research uses literature research methods and data is obtained by analyzing various sources such as books, scientific journals, articles and other documents related to the research subject. The study shows that the leadership of the school principal is very important to support the implementation of Merdeka Belajar. As leaders, they are responsible for setting policies, creating an educational vision that is aligned with national goals, and optimizing existing resources to create a good learning environment. The Independent Learning Program, which was founded by the Minister of Education, Culture, Research and Technology Nadiem Makarim, aims to realize the Pancasila Student Profile by producing students with superior character. Religious values, global diversity, independence, creativity and critical thinking are part of this profile. The success of the Merdeka Belajar program really depends on school principals who are good at managing education policies at the school level. With good leadership, school principals can incorporate the principles of Independent Learning into the elementary school curriculum and make a real contribution to achieving educational goals.    

This research aims to study the role and position of the principal as a leader in implementing the Independent Learning program in elementary schools and the influence of this leadership on the success of achieving educational goals. Apart from that, this also shows that the principal's leadership plays a strategic role in determining the success of educational goals. This research uses literature research methods and data is obtained by analyzing various sources such as books, scientific journals, articles and other documents related to the research subject. The study shows that the leadership of the school principal is very important to support the implementation of Merdeka Belajar. As leaders, they are responsible for setting policies, creating an educational vision that is aligned with national goals, and optimizing existing resources to create a good learning environment. The Independent Learning Program, which was founded by the Minister of Education, Culture, Research and Technology Nadiem Makarim, aims to realize the Pancasila Student Profile by producing students with superior character. Religious values, global diversity, independence, creativity and critical thinking are part of this profile. The success of the Merdeka Belajar program really depends on school principals who are good at managing education policies at the school level. With good leadership, school principals can incorporate the principles of Independent Learning into the elementary school curriculum and make a real contribution to achieving educational goals.    

The Merdeka Curriculum is a new innovation in the Indonesian education system which aims to give students the freedom to learn and emphasizes the importance of building character and moral values. This study investigates how a free curriculum contributes to the moral formation of students in elementary schools. Relevant sources, such as books, scientific articles and educational policy documents, were collected and analyzed through the literature study method in this research. This research found that a free curriculum, with a more contextual learning approach and involving students' active participation in real activities such as collaborative projects and extracurricular activities, helps students understand moral values ​​and apply them in everyday life. It is proven that parental and community involvement is also an important component in building student character. This research found that the free curriculum not only focuses on improving students' academic achievement but also strengthens moral and ethical values. Therefore, continuous development of this curriculum is necessary to achieve broad educational goals. It is hoped that this research will help educators, policy makers and other researchers improve the quality of education in Indonesia by providing guidance for maximizing the curriculum to achieve more comprehensive educational goals.

This study aims to understand the implementation of the Independent Curriculum in learning the Qur'an and Hadith at MI Misbahul Adhim. With a qualitative approach and field research methods, this research explores the views and experiences of teachers and students regarding their adaptation to curriculum changes. Data were collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews, and review of relevant documents. The research findings reveal that the Independent Curriculum provides more flexibility for educational institutions to design a learning process that is more in line with the needs of students. The main focus of this curriculum is meaningful learning, character building, and the application of integrated technology. However, the implementation of the Independent Curriculum also faces a number of obstacles, such as limited resources, readiness of teaching staff, and changes in mindset in learning. Overall, the Independent Curriculum has significant potential in improving the quality of religious education. This study recommends the need for more intensive support from various parties, including the government, educational institutions, and the community, to ensure the successful implementation of the curriculum. Further research can be focused on identifying factors that influence the success of curriculum implementation and developing more optimal strategies.

This study explored the adaptation strategies of pre-service English teachers during their teaching practicum (PPL) in junior high schools implementing the Kurikulum Merdeka framework. The aim of the study is to explore how pre-service English teachers integrate the flexible and student-centered curriculum while adjusting to a variety of problems in a real-world classroom environment. Semi-structured interviews and non-participant observations were used in this qualitative study to collect data from six pre-service teachers. The results showed that pre-service teachers used a variety of strategies to deal with procedural, managerial, psychological, instructional, and cultural obstacles, such as reflective practices, collaborative mentoring, and differentiated instruction. In addition to highlighting the necessity of successfully promoting Kurikulum Merdeka, the study emphasizes the value of mentorship and reflective practices in promoting professional development. These findings help to enhance programs for preparing future teachers and offer insightful advice to pre-service English teachers as they enter into professional teaching roles.

This research aims to instill and strengthen the spirit of democracy and nationalism in every student. When they have the spirit of democracy and nationalism, their love for the nation and enthusiasm for fighting for this nation will be strong and great. One effort to instill a spirit of democracy and nationalism in the next generation is by learning Pancasila and citizenship education. The type of method used in this article is a literature review. The writing of this literature review adopts national articles published on various journal provider platforms on a national scale which discuss the importance of increasing democratic values ​​and nationalism in students through learning Pancasila and citizenship education. The results of the research show that increasing democratic values ​​and nationalism in students through learning Pancasila and citizenship education shows a positive direction. This means that students who have received Pancasila and citizenship education material have experienced a good improvement in their democratic attitudes and nationalist feelings. This learning is implemented in Indonesia with the aim of forming students into individuals who have strong character and are based on the values ​​of Pancasila, who have faith and devotion to God Almighty, have global diversity, mutual cooperation, independence, critical reasoning and creativity. Apart from that, through Pancasila and citizenship education we are present to provide in-depth understanding from teachers about the essence of Pancasila and the urgency of citizenship education.

Paulo Freire’s concept of liberal education is still not implemented in the world of education in developing countries. Educational actors still adhere to the banking system to oppress students. This study raises a social correlation between educators and students called school family kinship. The education curriculum needs to be used as an indicator of success in terms of the intelligence of the children. The curriculum has continued to transform since 1947 to 2022 but has not found its identity.  Now, the independent learning curriculum is intensively grounded, but there are gaps between regions and between socio-economic groups in terms of learning quality. The implementation of the independent learning curriculum is considered not to have a significant positive effect in the outermost and marginalized areas. Therefore, the old pattern called banking system of education is still used. Students are considered empty piggy banks that must be filled by the teacher. Teachers are still recognized as the all-knowing in knowledge that must be poured into the brains of students. As a result, students can only follow what is transferred by the teacher. This is the basis for the author to try to provide briefings to Catholic teachers and education personnel in Wini and Wekfau parishes regarding the implementation of an independent curriculum in Catholic Schools. This study uses qualitative methods with observation techniques carried out in coastal parishes (Wini) and in the mountains (Wekfau) in terms of geographical location to find out the similarity of perceptions of the independent curriculum. This study applies a qualitative method with observation techniques carried out in the coastal parish (Wini) and in the mountains (Wekfau) in terms of geographical location to find out the similarities in perceptions of the implementation of the independent curriculum in two different areas.

The Independent Curriculum is an approach to global education created to provide more freedom for teachers and students in the learning process. In the context of Christian Religious Education (PAK), the Independent Curriculum is needed to increase student activity through the implementation of learning that is more flexible and in sync with the needs and potential of each student. This research aims to explore the role of the Merdeka Curriculum in increasing students' activeness in PAK learning. Through a more student-centered approach and encouraging active participation, the Independent Curriculum is needed to create a more enjoyable, creative and productive learning atmosphere. The results of this research show that the application of the Merdeka Curriculum in PAK can increase student activity, both in terms of emotional, intellectual and social involvement. Thus, the Independent Curriculum not only places freedom in learning, but is also the key to creating a progressive and effective learning atmosphere.

The curriculum is a fundamental component of the education system, designed to meet the evolving needs of society. In 2022, the Indonesian Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology introduced the Merdeka Curriculum as a strategic response to global challenges and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum, identify the challenges encountered, and propose strategies to enhance its effectiveness. The research employs a literature review with a qualitative approach, underpinned by Structural Functional Theory to interpret the dynamics of curriculum implementation. The findings reveal significant disparities in teachers’ readiness to understand and implement the curriculum, influenced by factors such as training, resource availability, and institutional support. Major challenges include insufficient infrastructure, gaps in understanding, and resistance to pedagogical innovation. The study concludes that strengthening collaboration among teachers, schools, communities, and the government, combined with intensive training and infrastructure development, can optimize the curriculum’s potential in fostering globally competitive human resources. It is recommended that all stakeholders actively engage in cross-sector collaboration to ensure the sustainable implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum.

The implementation of Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM) in the Independent Curriculum is one of the important problems faced by educational institutions, including madrasas, in efforts to improve the quality of education. KKM is the minimum standard score that must be achieved by students to be declared complete in a subject. In the context of the Independent Curriculum which emphasizes learning based on the potential and uniqueness of students, the implementation of KKM faces several challenges, such as difficulties in more flexible assessments, differences in student ability levels, and limited resources available in madrasas. This study aims to identify the challenges faced by madrasas in implementing KKM and find solutions that can be applied to overcome these problems. The results of the study indicate that the main challenges include a lack of understanding of the implementation of KKM in line with the principles of the Independent Curriculum, as well as difficulties in compiling fair and appropriate assessments. Several proposed solutions include training for educators, developing a more inclusive assessment system, and increasing cooperation between madrasas and other educational institutions. With the implementation of these solutions, it is hoped that KKM can be implemented more effectively, so that it can support the success of the Independent Curriculum in madrasas.

The purpose of conducting research on the implementation of the PAK independent curriculum is to find out the problems in its implementation, teachers are the main implementers of this curriculum in the field. By understanding their perspectives and experiences, we can find the problems they face and what is needed for the successful implementation of the curriculum. The research method used is to use a qualitative method with a literature review approach, namely looking for sources that are considered relevant to be used as sources for writing. Based on the results obtained, there are several difficulties or problems in its implementation, for example one of them is the reduction in human resources in this case, namely educators, and other things. The Merdeka Belajar curriculum focuses on important material, is flexible for teachers and students, and is project and character-based. By increasing teacher understanding, increasing resources, increasing parental participation, and developing a more contextual curriculum, it is hoped that the quality of religious education can be improved.

Christian Religious Education (PAK) has a very important role in building students' moral values, especially in the context of education in Indonesia which is implemented based on the Independent Curriculum. This research aims to examine how the Christian Religious Education Curriculum contributes to the formation of students' moral values. This literature review explores various literature that discusses the basic concepts and principles of PAK as well as the implementation of this curriculum in moral education. Based on literature analysis, it can be concluded that the Independent Curriculum provides space for deepening moral values through a more flexible and contextual approach. In this curriculum, teachers are expected not only to convey religious teaching material but also to instill Christian values which include love, justice, forgiveness and social responsibility to students. Project-based learning, reflection, and collaboration in the classroom are some of the main strategies proposed to build student character according to the teachings of the Bible. Thus, PAK through the Merdeka Curriculum plays a significant role in forming students' moral character of quality and noble character.    

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Kurikulum Merdeka (Freedom Curriculum) in developing students' attitudes and values at the junior high school level. The Kurikulum Merdeka, which focuses on student-centered and project-based learning, provides teachers with flexibility to integrate Pancasila values, such as mutual cooperation, justice, and tolerance, into learning activities. The findings indicate that this approach positively impacts students' curiosity, creativity, responsibility, as well as critical thinking and collaboration skills. Teachers play a crucial role as facilitators and role models, creating an inclusive and relevant learning environment tailored to students' needs. However, the implementation of the Kurikulum Merdeka faces challenges, including the readiness of human resources and infrastructure support. This study concludes that the Kurikulum Merdeka holds significant potential to shape students with strong character and global relevance, provided it is supported by collaboration among teachers, families, and communities.

Education is important for the lives of people in a country. In order to create an educational system that is organized and has a vision, a policy in the form of a curriculum is needed. In a country that adheres to a democratic system, it is necessary to involve or participate the community in the policy formulation and implementation process. This policy paper investigates the Merdeka Curriculum policy model created and implemented by the Ministry of Education and Culture. Public policy models include top-down, bottom-up and a combination of the two. The research method used in this article is qualitative with data sources obtained from books, scientific articles, and other credible information found on the internet. In the policy formulation process, studies were conducted and the government involved parents. In addition, in the implementation process, the Merdeka Curriculum is carried out in stages with a trial period carried out by several schools called Mover Schools. In addition, the policy also has an evaluation instrument in the form of a Minimum Competency Assessment. Based on the findings related to this policy, it can be concluded that the policy model in the Merdeka Curriculum is bottom-up.  

We conducted research in schools to find out how the values of national character are implemented in the independent curriculum. National character must always exist even though the curriculum itself often changes. The values of national character that we have should not just disappear, but we must always guard them so that they are not lost. The independent curriculum certainly has done a lot to preserve the values of national character so that students can know what the values of national character are. For the research method itself, I used qualitative research methods by means of interviews and observations. In the schools where we conducted research, namely at SMAN 4 Cibinong and SMPN 4 Kota Serang, we have implemented national character values in the independent curriculum in the implementation of learning, namely honesty, creativity and religious values, for this reason we are also carrying out research activities this time focuses more on students implementing the values of our national character. Students must always apply the character values of the Indonesian nation in implementing the independent curriculum that is currently being implemented.

This study aims to look at the development of Islamic religious education materials and the problems of developing Islamic religious education materials in the independent curriculum at the MTs education unit level, this research sees the importance of a deep understanding of the development of Islamic religious education materials in schools in accordance with the independent curriculum so that learning objectives can be achieved optimally besides that there are also several challenges that hinder the development of Islamic religious education materials in accordance with the independent curriculum, The research method used in this research is library research or library studies where in finding the results of the research the data taken can be found in books and research articles and analyzing the findings, the purpose of this research is to answer problems and become reading material in developing PAI learning materials at the MTS education unit level.

This research aims to analyze the role of Driving Teachers in helping to make the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum successful in the 19 Peninjauan Elementary Schools (SD). The Independent Curriculum is an educational policy that aims to provide freedom to educational units in designing learning that is more flexible, meaningful and in accordance with the needs of students. Mobilizing Teachers, as agents of change, are expected to play an important role in the successful implementation of this curriculum. The research method used in this research is qualitative with a literature review approach. The results of the research show that the Mobilization Teacher at SDN 19 Peninjau acts as a learning facilitator, leader of change, and motivator for his colleagues in the successful implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. Mobilizing Teachers not only focus on teaching in the classroom, but also play an active role in developing the professionalism of other teachers and establishing a school culture that supports the principles of the Independent Curriculum. However, challenges such as limited resources, uneven understanding of the Independent Curriculum, and resistance to change are still the main obstacles.