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The research analyzes to understand the influence of financial intelligence, financial literacy, business innovation and risk management on the financial performance of MSMEs in Surabaya. MSMEs are an important sector in the Indonesian economy, but many MSME actors still experience resistance, especially in terms of financial management. Data was collected through questionnaires from 60 respondents who are MSME actors in Surabaya, using a quantitative approach.  The research results show that the majority of MSME players have limited understanding of financial management, including financial recording and reporting. Even though financial literacy and financial intelligence are recognized as important, the results of statistical analysis show that these two variables do not have a significant influence on the financial performance of MSMEs partially. However, training and education related to financial literacy is still needed because it has great potential to increase the financial resilience of MSMEs in the long term. This research also highlights that business innovation and the application of risk management can help MSMEs face market dynamics and economic challenges. Overall, this research provides an illustration that MSMEs need additional support, both through training and the use of technology, to be able to increase their competitiveness and business desires.

Globalization, recognized as a defining phenomenon of the 21st century, has profoundly influenced numerous aspects of life, including Islamic education. This article seeks to critically analyze the challenges confronting Islamic education in the context of globalization, assess its impacts, and propose strategic solutions. Employing a systematic literature review method within a qualitative framework, the study explores diverse perspectives to uncover actionable insights. The findings underscore the urgent need to integrate Islamic values into educational curricula, harness technological advancements to enhance learning, and adopt a comprehensive approach that harmonizes religious principles with global dynamics.

In this review, we undertake an in-depth survey of the traditional as well as modern methods used in finding solutions for partial differential equations (henceforth PDEs). We categorise these equations into three main kinds: elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic. We also give illustrative examples of these PDEs and discuss the applications of them in a range of fields. This range extends from fluid dynamics (hydrodynamics), as well as thermal (heat) conduction, to quantum mechanics. Our exploration features a number of analyses used in this regard such as variable splitting or defactorising in addition to the transforms invented by Fourier and Laplace. Not only this but also this survey takes in numerical methods ranging from grid-based (finite difference), mesh-based (finite element) to spectral. Also discussed in this paper is a range of special techniques that ranges from the variational techniques, Green's (fundamental solution) functions to perturbation (also known as Asymptotic expansion in addition to sketching the latest developments with respect to computational methods. This review also sheds light on current challenges that confront addressing complicated PDEs especially those nonlinear and multi-variable. In this regard, the paper calls for more research in order to develop more effective methods. The paper maps out the importance of PDE usages in real-life and its potential for more related discoveries in the future particularly with respect to areas such as machine learning and quantum computing.

Pancasila, as the ideology of the Indonesian nation, serves as the foundation for national and state life. However, its implementation journey is not without various pros and cons arising within society. This article aims to explore these dynamics through a comprehensive analysis of arguments supporting and opposing Pancasila as an ideology. On one hand, Pancasila is seen as a solution for uniting the diversity of the Indonesian nation and offers universal values such as unity, justice, and humanity. On the other hand, criticisms of Pancasila arise from various perspectives, including inconsistencies in its application and potential misuse in practical politics. Using a qualitative approach based on literature reviews and interviews with experts, this article concludes that the sustainability of Pancasila as an ideology depends on reinterpreting its values in the modern context and a strong commitment from all elements of the nation to implement it authentically.

This study aims to explore how the integration of the Qur'an, Sunnah, Ijma', and Qiyas becomes the main foundation in building a sharia economic framework that is relevant to modern challenges. The Qur'an, as the main source of Islamic law, provides holistic and transformative guidelines, while the Sunnah serves as an explanation and reinforcement of the principles contained in the Qur'an. On the other hand, Ijma' and Qiyas play a crucial role in formulating new laws that are not explicitly mentioned in the sacred texts, thus enabling the application of sharia in the context of contemporary economic problems that continue to develop. This study uses a literature study approach to analyze various theoretical and empirical perspectives related to the application of the four sources of law in sharia economics. The research findings show that the integration of the four sources of Islamic law not only forms a strong normative basis but also provides an understanding in responding to the needs of modern society. In this way, sharia economics can accommodate the principles of justice, poverty, and inclusiveness, which are the essence of building an economic system oriented towards collective welfare. In addition, this study critiques the challenges in implementing sharia principles, especially in the process of interpretation and adaptation to global dynamics. The limitations of conventional methodologies in integrating legal sources often become obstacles in creating solutions that are appropriate to local and global contexts. Therefore, this study suggests the need for a multidisciplinary approach involving collaboration between scholars, economists, and policy makers to ensure that sharia economics can develop consistently and relevantly to the needs of the times. These findings not only enrich academic discourse but also provide practical contributions in efforts to build a more just, sustainable, and Islamic-value-based economic order.  

The short story Laki Sejati by Putu Wijaya is one of the works of Indonesian literature that depicts the dynamics of human life and internal conflicts. This research aims to analyze the intrinsic elements in the short story, including themes, characters and characterization, plot, setting, point of view, and mandate. Through this analysis, it is revealed how these intrinsic elements are used by the author to build a story that is evocative and full of meaning. The results of the analysis show that the main theme of this short story is the search for identity and the true meaning of "masculinity". The main character, who has an inner struggle in understanding the values of masculinity, is shown with a deep complexity of character. The progressive storyline with intense conflict takes the reader on the emotional journey of the main character, while the physical and social setting reinforces the realism of the story. A limited third-person perspective is used to explore the main character's perspective, revealing the inner dynamics that are the main focus of the story. The mandate contained in this short story invites readers to reflect on the true meaning of identity, courage, and happiness in life. This study concludes that the intrinsic elements in the short story Hukum Hukum are  used very effectively to describe the struggle of human beings in understanding their identity. This short story is not only a literary work, but also a philosophical reflection on life and the meaning of masculinity.

This article aims to analyze the representation of the journalist profession in the novel Bulan Terbelah di Langit Amerika by Hanum Salsabiela Rais and Rangga Almahendra. Through Alfred Schutzl's representation theory approach, this study explores how the journalist profession is depicted in facing ethical, social, and professional challenges. The main focus of this study is on the character of Hanum who struggles to find sources, compose articles with sensitive themes, and face moral dilemmas amidst the issue of Islamophobia after the 9/11 tragedy. This study uses a qualitative method with text analysis to reveal the journalism process that Hanum undergoes as a reflection of the dynamics of the profession in the real world. The findings show that the journalist profession is depicted as a job that requires integrity, courage, and the ability to bridge different perspectives in stressful situations. This article is expected to provide insight into how literary works can represent the journalist profession and inspire further discussion on the role of journalism in shaping public perception.

Since early 2021, the population administration service in Bandung Regency has been supported by service innovations implementation through an online service system, with the presence of the SAKEDAP application. Hence, the Population and Civil Registration Office of Bandung Regency makes use of Information and Communication Technology as an application of Agile Governance in order to deal with the dynamics of the environment. Nevertheless, at the implementation level of the newest version of SAKEDAP application, the limit of the Q-Ban is only 150 queues a day from 4,000 applicants per day. To tackle these problems, outreach should be tailored through a broad range of accessible media platforms, the recruitment of IT specialists to assure the strength of the system and the ability to increase capacity when necessary. Such measures, which, will enhance public understanding and easier access to services, are consistent with the ideals of the good governance which espouses efficiency and responsiveness. The objective of this study is to discover and analyze Agile Governance based Integrated Population Queue System Service in the Population and Civil Registration Office of Bandung Regency. Observer-participant, in-depth interviews and document review were the main data collection techniques used. In addition to Good Enough Governance, business- driven, Human Focused, Based on Quick Wins, Systematic and Adaptive Approach, Simple design and Continuous Responsiveness, based on the research conducted, the researcher found the responsiveness factor or the ability factor, which is intended to help and provide fast service to customers with clear information and can support the successful implementation of Agile Governance.

This study examines the character of Bahar in the novel "Janji" by Tere Liye, focusing on the themes of sacrifice and regret. The background of this research stems from the significance of literature in reflecting human life conflicts. The problem statement raised is how Bahar's character illustrates sacrifice and regret within his social context. The method employed is descriptive qualitative, with data collection through reading and literature review. The findings indicate that Bahar makes significant sacrifices by replacing Mas Puji's position who is detained, while also confronting the stigma of being an ex-convict. Despite experiencing regret, social support and love from Delima help him overcome feelings of inferiority and achieve intimacy. This research recommends that literary works like "Janji" can serve as a medium to understand individual psychological dynamics in a social context and as educational materials in literature studies to explore humanitarian values.

 This study examines the influence of local culture on religious practices in Sukamulya Village, Lembang, focusing on the use of ritual offerings during the first suhoor of Ramadan. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data was collected through in-depth interviews with three key informants and direct observation of community practices. The findings reveal a complex interplay between local culture and religious practices, highlighting the need for community education to maintain Islamic principles while respecting cultural heritage. The study suggests that further research is needed to better understand the dynamics of cultural and religious acculturation in Indonesia.

This study explores the relationship between language, culture, and society, all three of which are interdependent and inseparable. Language and culture are integral components that shape the identity of a society, and language functions as a cultural mirror and social glue. The method used is a qualitative approach based on literature which aims to examine the importance of language and culture in forming community identity. The results of the study are then narrated in descriptive form. This research aims to study and understand the concept of culture and language about how cultural changes influence the evolution of language and shape the identity of a society. Language has also experienced changes with the emergence of pop culture phenomena (popular culture). These changes reflect societal trends and changes. By analyzing the interrelationships of language, culture and society, this research provides insight into the complex dynamics of identity formation and their implications for social cohesion.

Masculinity is a social construct often internalized in society through various forms, including literary works. This study aims to analyze the representation of masculinity in Boy Candra's novel Trauma, particularly through male characters interacting with the protagonist, Kimara. This research employs the approaches of literary sociology, gender theory, and trauma theory to understand how masculinity is depicted. Data were collected through a critical reading technique applied to the novel's text. The analysis reveals that masculinity is represented in various forms, ranging from emotional dominance to expressions of affection, as well as the influence of trauma in shaping gender dynamics. These findings emphasize that masculinity in Trauma is not an innate trait but a social construct influenced by emotional and social contexts. The study contributes to gender studies and Indonesian literature, while also enhancing readers’ understanding of the complexity of masculinity in literary works.

Masculinity is a social construct often internalized in society through various forms, including literary works. This study aims to analyze the representation of masculinity in Boy Candra's novel Trauma, particularly through male characters interacting with the protagonist, Kimara. This research employs the approaches of literary sociology, gender theory, and trauma theory to understand how masculinity is depicted. Data were collected through a critical reading technique applied to the novel's text. The analysis reveals that masculinity is represented in various forms, ranging from emotional dominance to expressions of affection, as well as the influence of trauma in shaping gender dynamics. These findings emphasize that masculinity in Trauma is not an innate trait but a social construct influenced by emotional and social contexts. The study contributes to gender studies and Indonesian literature, while also enhancing readers’ understanding of the complexity of masculinity in literary works.

This article analyzes the word “seed” as a metaphor of God's word in Jesus' parables found in the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke) with a semantic approach. The metaphor of “seed” in the context of first-century agriculture is used by Jesus to describe human responses to God's words, which are likened to different types of soil. This study explores the literal, metaphorical, and symbolic meanings of the Greek word σπόρος (sporos), and compares its usage in the three Synoptic Gospels to reveal differences in their narrative emphases. This study shows that the metaphor of “seed” not only describes the dynamics of spiritual growth, but also conveys a theological message about the importance of faith, perseverance, and readiness of heart in receiving God's word. As such, this article offers a new perspective that connects biblical and linguistic studies to deepen the understanding of Jesus' teaching.  

The transformation of fiqh principles is crucial in addressing the challenges of Islamic law in the era of social media and e-commerce. As technology advances, new phenomena such as digital transactions, online communication, and social media interactions significantly influence the social and economic dynamics of the Muslim community. In this context, fiqh principles need to be adjusted to remain relevant to the needs of maslahat (public interest) in contemporary times. This article aims to analyze how fiqh principles can be applied in the context of social media and e-commerce, and how they adapt to the changing times to ensure that Islamic principles continue to safeguard the welfare of the community. The approach used is a literature review, focusing on the adaptation of fiqh in facing digital technological advancements.

This study investigates the role of profit-based tangible assets and sales growth (ProTAPP) in enhancing the relationship between market ratios and financing decisions in property and real estate companies across Southeast Asia from 2019-2023. Using agency theory, pecking order theory, and trade-off theory, the research examines how EPS, TATO, and CR influence DER, with ProTAPP serving as a mediating variable. The analysis, based on panel data from ASEAN countries including Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Singapore, aims to provide practical insights for investors, corporate managers, and policymakers in optimizing financing strategies within the property and real estate sector. The study emphasizes the significance of tangible assets and sales growth dynamics in financial decision-making for achieving an optimal capital structure. Findings reveal that ProTAPP significantly mediates the relationship between EPS, TATO, CR, and DER in Southeast Asian property and real estate firms. The impact of these independent variables on DER through ProTAPP varies by country, reflecting specific market dynamics and company strategies. These results offer valuable guidance for developing more effective financing strategies in the sector.

This research explores the dynamics of public administration in Indonesia by comparing the roles and interactions of the formal and informal sectors in service delivery. Utilizing a qualitative approach, the study examines how these two sectors function independently and collaboratively within the broader context of governance. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with stakeholders from both sectors, including government officials, community leaders, and informal service providers. The findings reveal that while the formal sector is essential for providing structured public services and ensuring accountability, it often faces challenges such as bureaucratic inefficiencies and limited responsiveness to local needs. In contrast, the informal sector plays a critical role in addressing gaps left by formal institutions, offering agile and community-driven solutions, particularly in underserved areas. However, the informal sector also encounters significant challenges, including a lack of recognition and resources, which can hinder its effectiveness. The study highlights the importance of fostering collaboration between the formal and informal sectors to enhance public service delivery. By integrating the strengths of both sectors, it is possible to create a more responsive and effective public administration system. The research emphasizes that recognizing and supporting the informal sector as a complement to the formal sector is crucial for improving governance outcomes in Indonesia. The study provides actionable recommendations for policymakers to promote synergy between these sectors, ultimately leading to better public services that meet the diverse needs of the Indonesian population.

Multicultural education in Indonesia is an important approach to creating an inclusive and harmonious society, considering the ethnic, cultural, and religious diversity that exists in the country. This research aims to explore the dynamics of multicultural education, the challenges faced in its implementation, and provide recommendations for educational policies and practices. The method used is library research, with thematic analysis of various relevant literature. Key findings suggest that while multicultural education has great potential to build tolerance and mutual understanding, its implementation is still hampered by a lack of understanding among educators and limited resources. Concrete examples of multicultural educational practices in some schools show that with the right approach, this education can have a positive impact on student attitudes. The resulting recommendations include improved training for teachers, curriculum revision, and collaboration with the community. The study also identified the need for further studies to explore the long-term impact of multicultural education and its comparison with practices in other countries. By overcoming the existing challenges, it is hoped that multicultural education can be implemented more widely and have a positive impact on future generations in Indonesia.

This study explores the model of work stress and its impact on productivity through a comprehensive systematic literature review approach. The objectives of the study are to analyze the complex dynamics of work stress, identify determinants, and explore effective intervention mechanisms to mitigate its negative impacts. The research methodology uses a qualitative approach with meta-synthesis techniques, conducting an in-depth analysis of ten leading scientific journals published between 2020-2024. The results of the study revealed that work stress is a multidimensional construct influenced by individual, organizational, and contextual factors, with key variables including workload, social support, organizational climate, and demographic characteristics. The findings indicate that work stress significantly affects psychological well-being and productivity, with different impacts based on gender, type of work, and organizational context. This study concludes the need for an integrative and proactive approach to work stress management, which does not only focus on individual interventions, but also transforms organizational structures and cultures.  

This study employs Judith Butler’s theory of gender performativity to analyze Megan Trainor’s song "Dear Future Husband," exploring the negotiation of femininity and masculinity within contemporary pop culture. Utilizing a qualitative content analysis method, the research examines lyrical content, musical elements, and visual representations associated with the song to uncover underlying gender norms and performances. The results reveal that "Dear Future Husband" both reinforces and subverts traditional gender roles; while it portrays conventional expectations of femininity and masculinity, it simultaneously introduces nuanced demands for mutual respect and partnership. The discussion highlights the complexity of gender performances in mainstream media, suggesting that Trainor’s work reflects a transitional phase in societal understandings of gender dynamics. By applying Butler’s framework, the study illustrates how pop songs can serve as sites for both perpetuating and challenging normative gender constructs, offering insights into the evolving landscape of gender identity and expression.