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The volume of coffee exported from Indonesia between 2010 and 2020 will be reviewed in this study along with the influence of the variables coffee production, land area and exchange rate. In this study the influence of independent factors on dependent factors was assessed using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis of this study revealed that Indonesia's coffee exports were negatively affected but not significantly by variables related to coffee production. Indonesian coffee exports were negatively and insignificantly affected by changes in land area. Conversely, the exchange rate (exchange rate) has a positive but also insignificant impact on the volume of coffee exported from Indonesia.

The misdiagnosis of student problems by guidance counselors or BK teachers is a serious concern in counseling services at MAN 4 Medan. This study aims to identify the forms of misdiagnosis of student problems by guidance counselors or BK teachers, the impacts of misdiagnosis, and appropriate handling efforts in BK services at MAN 4 Medan. This study used a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The informants in this study were three guidance counselors or BK teachers and ten students from grades X and XI. Data were analyzed using qualitative data analysis techniques. The results showed that the forms of misdiagnosis of student problems by guidance counselors or BK teachers consisted of three types, namely errors in identifying problems, errors in evaluating problems, and errors in determining actions. The impact of misdiagnosis was the incorrect handling of student problems, resulting in problems not being resolved well and potentially worsening the situation for students. Appropriate handling efforts in BK services at MAN 4 Medan include improving the quality of training and supervision for guidance counselors or BK teachers, increasing collaboration between guidance counselors or BK teachers and subject teachers and parents, and increasing the utilization of information and communication technology in counseling services. In conclusion, misdiagnosis of student problems by guidance counselors or BK teachers has a significant impact on students and requires appropriate handling efforts in BK services. Therefore, there needs to be serious attention to the implementation of BK services at MAN 4 Medan to avoid misdiagnosis that can harm students.

Low education human resources in Indonesia, especially educators or teachers who are less professional in carrying out their work, can be the cause of low levels of education in this country. One way to improve the quality of education is through the professionalization of teachers or through educational supervision. Supervision through various methods, education corrects educational problems helping, supervising, guiding, and directing educators towards professionalism in its goal is to improve education and address problems with it. Educational supervision supports teachers in developing lesson plans that will produce the desired learning outcomes. Supervision is an integral part of efforts to improve learning achievement and teacher quality. Supervision or supervision is an effort to provide services to education, especially teachers. Education supervision is also a process of controlling and evaluating activities to ensure that all educational activities are carried out according to plan, as well as activities to improve and correct if there are deviations that will interfere with the process of achieving goals. Reviewing educational supervision in order to improve teacher professionalism is the purpose of this. This article is written using the literature study method in the form of a number of literature tasks related to the management of research materials, reading and recording, and information collection techniques. Some are obtained on the basis of research studies.

The reason for the author to raise this scientific work in the form of a thesis is because the writer found that in implementing the pledge method in tahfiz Al-Qur'an there were still obstacles faced by the teacher in implementing the pledge method. The problem that the author examines is how to implement the pledge method in tahfiz Al-Qur'an and the obstacles faced by teachers and students when using the pledge method at the TI Tarusan Kamang Islamic Boarding School. And this study aims to determine the implementation and constraints in using the tikrar method in tahfiz Al-Qur'an. This study uses a type of field research (field research) with a descriptive qualitative research type, which describes a phenomenon that occurs in accordance with existing data in the field. This study used two informants, namely the key informant was the tahfiz teacher at the Tarusan Kamang Islamic Boarding School, and the supporting informant was the students of the Tarusan Kamang Islamic Boarding School. Data collection techniques that researchers use are observation, interviews and documentation. Based on the results of the research conducted, the researchers found that at the Tarusan Kamang Islamic Boarding School not all students had Al-Qur'an tikrar and did not use the columns provided in the Al-Qur'an tikrar to mark the limits of memorization, muraja'ah and recitations.

This study aims to examine the effect of the science and social studies module on story material in the area where I live on the learning outcomes of IV grade students at SDN Lebakrejo IV Purwodadi. This type of research is quantitative using experimental research methods, the form of Quasi Experimental Design research and the design of this research, namely Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The instrument used in this research is the test instrument. The population in this study amounted to 27 students. The instrument includes a pre-test and post-test using the t-test statistical analysis technique. The results showed that there was a significant influence from the use of the science teaching modules which had been developed according to the needs and characteristics of students, namely the t count (3.52) was greater than the t table (2.06), so it could be concluded that the difference between the mean post-test scores of the two groups were statistically significant.

The purpose of this study was to determine the socio-cultural conditions of the farming community in relation to children's education and the socio-economic conditions of the farming community in the village of Suro, Central Java. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The data collection tools used in this study were observation and interviews. The results of the study show that factors such as limited access to education, traditional belief in the local education system, and the lack of public awareness regarding the importance of formal education are challenges in improving the education of children in Suro Village. However, through joint efforts from the government, community and non-governmental organizations, such as increasing access to formal education, the role of parents in providing support and motivation, campaigns and outreach programs regarding the importance of formal education, can improve the education of children in Suro Village. It is hoped that these efforts can gain strong support from all parties to create a conducive educational environment for the children of Suro Village to prepare for their future. It is hoped that this article can provide an overview of the condition of children's education in farming communities in rural areas and become a reference for the development of sustainable education policies in Indonesia.

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMES) engaged in the world of Food and Beverage (F&B) in the Sentul Village area are one of the community service partners. One of these partners was established by the RT 01 association in the Sentul Village area with the lack of a conventional marketing system owned by these MSMEs. By providing various trainings and also providing socialization on the importance of digital marketing so that the marketing system can be improved so that it can cover more business targets and can be a better sales support. MSMES are also provided with service assistance in creating business accounts on digital media such as Instagram, Tiktok, Facebook, and Google Business accounts with optimal digital media management. marketing communication is able to build a brand. In line with the above, marketing communication is an effort to convey messages to the public, especially target consumers, regarding the existence of products in the market, so that they contribute to brand awareness for the company.

Archives are a collection of documents that are stored systematically so that anything needed can be found quickly and accurately (Gie, 1996:118). Every work and activity of government and private offices requires data and information. One source of information that must be owned by an office is archives. Therefore good archive management is needed. Organizing records properly and correctly will facilitate retrieval, so that when records are needed in making a decision, they can be found immediately. The problem in this research is how to manage archives at the office of PT. Griya Asri Mandiri and what are the obstacles experienced when managing records at the PT. Griya Asri Mandiri. The purpose of this research is to find out how the procedures for managing records at the office of PT. Griya Asri Mandiri and to find out what are the obstacles experienced when managing records at the office of PT. Griya Asri Mandiri. This research is a descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that in general archive management at the PT. Griya Asri Mandiri, among others: 1) Arrangement of archives 2) Storage of archives 3) Borrowing of archives 4) Retrieval of archives 5) Maintenance of archives 6) Security of archives 7) and shrinkage of archives. The obstacles faced when managing records include: 1) Human resources managing records. 2) Limited filing facilities.

In Indonesia, English is the first foreign language that is studied as a compulsory subject from junior high school to university. English is a very basic and important requirement in Indonesia. This is evident in the development of the current education system, English has been included as one of the subjects tested in the national exam. Based on the observations of class IX students at SMP Negeri Sukadana, in preparation for the national exam, many students still had difficulty answering English questions: reading skills. One of the causal factors of these student problems is the lack of practice by applying strategies to answer questions and do not have the skills to easily predict questions that will appear during the national exam. In addition, the lack of interest in learning English is also a major factor in learning English. Based on the results of the community service activities, it was shown that class IX students at SMP Negeri Sukadana were motivated so that they could optimize their abilities and skills in answering English questions: reading skills. Thus it can be concluded that in this service program students have gained experience in implementing strategies for quick predictions in identifying the right answers.

Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat sistem operasional pembiyaan ijarah multijasa di KSSU Harum Dhaha Kediri ditinjau dari DSN-MUI. Penelitian ini berbasis penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Metode perolehan data tipe interview open-ended yang terfokus. Sementara analisis data: reduksi data, display data, dan konklusi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan system operasional Pembiyaan Ijarah Multijasa yang dijalankan beberapa sudah memenuhi ketentuan syari’ah: ta’awun (tolong menolong), menghindari iktinaz (penimbunan uang) dan pembayaran ZIS. Namun prinsip tijaroh (bisnis) dan pelarangan riba dirasa belum sesuai dengan ketentuan syariah. KSSU Harum Dhaha Kediri meringkas mekanisme yang telah ditetapkan DSN-MUI karena faktor keterbatasan SDM, efisiensi waktu, urgensi anggota, dan memudahkan transaksi anggota. Akhirnya menjadi indikasi praktik yang dilakukan belum sesuai dengan ditinjau dari DSN-MUI. Seharusnya yang diterapkan adalah menggunakan akad ijarah bil wakalah. Jika akad wakalah diterapkan maka anggota sesudah membayarkan biaya pendidikan atau biaya lain. Anggota harus memberikan bukti pembayaran biaya pendidikan ke KSSU Harum Dhaha Kediri.

The goal of this study is to ascertain how digital entrepreneurship strategies are applied by online business organizations in West Java from an Islamic perspective. This is a field research with a qualitative approach and descriptive qualitative approaches. Data were gathered through interviews, observations, documentation, and literature searches. Data analysis approaches make use of inventory or data collection, identification, analysis, and interpretation. The study's conclusions show that the four tenets of client orientation, transparency, fair competition, and fairness serve as the foundation for the digital entrepreneurship strategy employed by online business firms in West Java. The customer-oriented philosophy is first put into practice by providing polite, soft, and friendly service and by always being prepared to offer solutions. Second, the concept of openness is put into practice, and product specifications are truly communicated. Third, the idea of fair competition is put into practice through prompt delivery, no-cost advice, special offers, and higher-quality products. Fourth, the concept of fairness is put into practice by treating customers fairly and providing them with benefits.    

This study aims to develop the concept of external support, compatibility and organizational capabilities in increasing the adoption of Electronic Commerce and its impact on the performance of small and medium enterprises. The sample of this research was 123 respondents consisting of small and medium culinary business owners in the city of Semarang, Indonesia. The analysis technique uses Structural Equation Modeling - Amos program version 21. The results show that adoption of electronic commerce is significantly positively influenced by external support, by compatibility, by organizational capability, and by organizational capability, in addition to being significantly positively influenced by adoption of electronic commerce and the performance of small and medium-sized businesses. You may swiftly and effectively rework and reword your material by using paraphraser to take your sentences and make modifications.

Narcissistic attitudes usually develop in adolescence, where students are looking for self-identity and pay attention to their self-image. Second, social media and popular culture that highlight self-interest and public recognition can also reinforce narcissistic attitudes. Third, the impact of students' narcissistic attitudes can affect their social relations with other people, both in the family, school and community environment. In the school environment, students with narcissistic attitudes tend to pay less attention to the needs and feelings of others, and to focus more on themselves. This can make it difficult for these students to work together in groups or teams, because they tend to want to be the center of attention and take over decisions. In the long term, this can hinder students' ability to develop social skills and build healthy interpersonal relationships. In addition, students with narcissistic attitudes may also experience difficulties in maintaining their social relationships with peers. They tend to be less sensitive to other people's feelings and more easily see others as tools to achieve their own goals. This can cause conflict and tension in social relationships, as well as make it difficult for students to build closeness and trust with others.

This study aims to describe the effect of the snowball throwing learning model on the results of learning to read Indonesian for grade IV SD students No.198 Inpres Bontorita Takalar Regency. The subjects used in the study were 30 students. This type of research is pre-experimental research in the form of Pre Test Post Test Design, namely an experiment which in its implementation only involves one class as the experimental class without any comparison class (control class).The success of the learning process in terms of aspects, namely: the achievement of completeness of students' classical Indonesian learning outcomes, student activities in learning Indonesian. Learning is said to be successful if the above aspects are fulfilled. The data collection technique used is the score data for reading results which are collected using a reading test.The results of the descriptive statistical analysis using the Snowball Throwing Learning Model for positive reading skills, students' reading skills using the Snowball Throwing learning model show better learning outcomes than before the Snowball Throwing learning model was applied. The results of inferential statistical analysis using the t test formula, it is known that the calculated t value obtained is 11.5444 with a frequency of db = 30–1 = 29, at a significance level of 5% obtained t table = 2.04523. So, t count > t table or the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H1) is accepted. This proves that there is influence in applying the Snowball Throwing learning model to reading skills in Indonesian language class IV SD No.198 Inpres Bontorita.

The quality of Light Rail Transit (LRT) services in Pegangsaan Dua - Velodrome is the result of efforts by the Jakarta Provincial Government and LRT Jakarta to improve public transportation services in Jakarta. The development of LRT Jakarta began with the increasing demand from the community for safe, comfortable, and efficient transportation access. In the process of developing LRT, a service quality analysis is carried out to determine the extent to which LRT can meet the needs of the community and measure user satisfaction levels. This analysis is carried out using various methods such as user satisfaction surveys, direct observation, and analysis of LRT usage data. From the results of this analysis, it is expected that solutions can be found to improve the quality of LRT services so that they can meet the increasing needs and satisfaction of users.

This research was conducted in accordance with the phenomena that occurred at SMA N 8 Mandau which showed cases of students behaving aggressively such as fighting teachers, fighting with friends, making fun of friends and damaging school infrastructure. The homeroom teacher is the person closest to the students and has the authority to handle cases like this, because at SMA N 8 Mandau there is a rule that for any problems or inappropriate behavior caused by students, the homeroom teacher is the first to have authority. to deal with them. The purpose of this research is to find out how the role of the homeroom teacher is in overcoming the aggressive behavior of students at SMA N 8 Mandau. The research method that the writer uses is descriptive qualitative research. The informants in this study were the homeroom teacher of class XI IPS 3 as a key informant and two students of class XI IPS 3 who behaved aggressively as supporting informants. Data collection was carried out by interviews and observation, as well as documentation. While the data analysis technique used is to examine all data, data reduction, and data presentation. The results of the study explained that the homeroom teacher of SMA N 8 Mandau overcame aggressive behavior in the first way that was carried out by the homeroom teacher, namely seeking information or seeking the truth whether students were actually carrying out aggressive behavior. information from subject teachers who teach in classes whose students behave aggressively, then the homeroom teacher will reduce points and enter the student's name in the case book, then the homeroom teacher will call students who behave aggressively to be given individual counseling services and finally the homeroom teacher will call parents students who behave aggressively to discuss and find solutions to student problems with parents.

Self-disclosure through cyber counseling or online counseling has become increasingly popular in recent years. This is because more and more people feel comfortable seeking counseling or psychotherapy help online rather than in person. Advances in communication technology and the internet have made online counseling more accessible and acceptable to many people. Online counseling also provides clients with greater anonymity and privacy, allowing them to be more open about the problems they face. In addition, online counseling also provides convenience in terms of time and place. Clients do not need to come to the counseling place in person, so they can save time and transportation costs. Online counseling also allows clients to conduct counseling sessions from a comfortable and safe place for them. However, keep in mind that online counseling also has some drawbacks. One of them is the lack of social interaction which can affect the counselor's ability to observe the client's body language and facial expressions. In addition, online counseling also requires higher technology and data security skills to maintain client privacy and confidentiality.

   This study aimed to investigate the effect of inquiry model on students' learning outcomes in social studies at the elementary school level. The study employed an experimental research design, using a sample of 23 sixth-grade students from SDN Trawas 1. The results showed that the use of the inquiry model in social studies significantly improved students' learning outcomes compared to the conventional method. In teaching social studies, the inquiry model can be applied by choosing topics that are interesting and relevant to students' daily lives. Thus, the use of the inquiry model in teaching social studies at the elementary school level can provide significant benefits to students, such as improving their learning outcomes and motivating them to learn independently and creatively.  

Administrative and banking services at PT. Bank BRI Unit Aek Kanopan (Labura) has 2 services consisting of teller services and customer service services. Teller services and customer service services often experience queues of customers coming and making service transactions. This study aims to determine the optimal level of the queuing system for teller service and customer service with the help of C Sharp application. This study discusses the shape of the queuing model. The queuing model used is Multi Channel-Multi Phase with the control notation type (M/G/2)∶ (FIFO/∞/∞). The Multi Channel-Multi Phase model is a multi-stage multiple-line queuing system method. With a FIFO (First in first out) service pattern, namely first come first served earlier and earlier out. The results of this study are based on the results of calculating arrival patterns and service time patterns, there are 2 parts to the research results consisting of teller services and customer service services. In teller service, the average customer arrival (λ) is 1.48 customers per minute, the average customer that can be served (μ) is 5.12 customers that can be served per minute, and the average level of service intensity ( ρ) is 3.78 < 1. Furthermore, in customer service, the average customer who comes (λ) is 0.83 customers who come per minute, the average customer who can be served (μ) is 0.01035 customers that can be served per minute, and the average level of service intensity (ρ) is 0.015 < 1. Based on the results of the analysis of the queue system for teller service and customer service, it can be concluded that the optimal level of teller service and customer service can be said to be sufficient effective and optimal. In order to make the service more effective, add one service line or service facilities for both services.

Analysis of employee payroll accounting information systems should be carried out effectively and required relevant information and a system, namely an accounting information system as a means of communication which can later be used for the needs of company management. Likewise things at PT. Star Rubber Jujuhan Bungo Jambi Regency where employee payroll accounting is very important. The purpose of this study was to determine the payroll accounting information system for employees at PT. Star Rubber, obstacles in employee payroll accounting information systems and efforts to overcome obstacles in employee payroll accounting information systems at PT. Star Rubber. This study used qualitative research methods. Data were obtained from subjects in the study including the Director, Expenditure Treasurer and employees regarding the payroll system of PT. Star Rubber Jujuhan and Employees of PT. Star Rubber.  The results showed that the Employee Payroll Accounting Information System at PT. Star Rubber has been designed to support the achievement of company goals and the creation of good internal control. In addition, the payroll and remuneration system is also designed to ensure that employees' salaries and wages are paid. While the related functions at PT. Star Rubber is a staffing function that is held by the personnel department, the function of recording employee attendance times is held by the timekeeper, the function of making payroll and wages is handled by the personnel section, the cashier function, and the function of paying salaries and wages is authorized by the personnel and cashier section.