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Project-Based Learning is a learning model that uses projects as the core of learning (Permendikbud, 2014:20). This learning model is an innovative learning model that involves project work where students work independently in constructing their learning and culminating it in real products (Nanang Hanafiah and Cucu Suhana, 2009:30). Project Based Learning learning model is a learning strategy where students must build their own content knowledge and demonstrate new understanding through various forms of representation (NYC Department of Education 2009:8). characteristics of the PJBL Learning Model The Project Based Learning, learning model was developed based on the level of development of students' thinking, centered on students' learning activities so as to enable them to carry out activities according to their skills, comfort and learning interests. This model gives students the opportunity to determine for themselves the project they will work on, both in terms of formulating questions to be answered, choosing topics to research, and determining research activities to be carried out. The teacher's role in learning is as a facilitator, providing materials and work experience, encouraging students to discuss and solve problems, and ensuring students remain enthusiastic while they carry out the project.   Keywords: project-based learning model

This study reviews various literature related to the implementation of game-based learning models in improving students' mathematical problem solving abilities. Game-based learning has proven effective in motivating students, increasing interaction, and developing mathematical problem solving skills. This article presents a summary of key findings from relevant studies, highlighting the application of the strategy and the positive impact that this approach can have in the context of mathematics learning.      

Education in Indonesia is experiencing development, students are required to compete in the era of industrial revolution 4.0 in the 21st century to be able to improve their abilities, namely collaboration, communication, creative and critical thinking and problem solving skills. So an effort is needed that can be applied to learning activities and one of them is through the application of the Project Based Learning learning model. This project-based learning is a learning strategy that empowers students to gain knowledge and understanding. The aim of this research is to increase student creativity through project-based learning to create teaching media to introduce the female reproductive organs and their functions. Classroom action research research design. The population of this research is all students taking women's health and family planning courses for the 2022-2023 academic year with a sample size of 13 odd semester (three) students. The data collection technique looks at activity during the lecture process and monitors the progress of projects carried out by students using observation assisted by instruments, namely written tests, performance tests and observation sheets. The results show an increase in learning outcomes in the category of students' thinking skills and creativity, which can be seen from the students' enthusiasm in completing the Teaching Aids for Introduction to Female Reproductive Organs project as well as presenting and publishing the results of their work. So it can be concluded that the application of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model can improve the learning outcomes of thinking skills and creativity of students at the Tahirah Al Baeti Bulukumba Midwifery Academy for the 2022/2023 Academic Year.  

Creative thinking needs serious attention because it is one of the essential skills in the 21st Century that supports academic and professional success. This research aims to systematically review the literature regarding strategies for improving creative thinking in students. The study is a Systematic Literature Review (SRL) involving 15 journals published in 2018-2022 and examines the topic of creative thinking skills, improving creative thinking skills, or training creative thinking skills. The journal search was done using a search engine (Google Chrome). The data that has been collected will be analyzed descriptively according to the existing research questions—data analysis using meta-synthesis. The research results show that creative thinking is an idea-construction process emphasizing fluency, flexibility, originality and elaboration. Students' creative thinking abilities can be improved by implementing scientific learning strategies. Several learning models that can improve students' creative thinking abilities include Creative Problem problem-solving, Discovery Learning, Scientific Critical Creative Thinking Model, STEM-E Model, problem-solving learning and Contextual Learning, Problem-Based Learning, project-based Learning, Authentic Learning, and Research-Based Learning

Problem-based learning (PBM) has been proven effective in improving students' active learning and problem-solving skills. This article examines the application of technology-integrated PBM methods as an approach to improving students' writing skills. In this study, learning support software and teacher consultation were used in the development of problem scenarios related to curriculum content. Qualitative research provides detailed and relevant information. The researcher used qualitative research methods because qualitative research provides detailed information about the application of technology-based problem-based learning to improve writing skills. The library learning method consists of activities related to collecting bibliographic information, reading and recording, and managing written materials. Qualitative research uses secondary data obtained from literature reviews such as; References, journals, articles and sources related to the research. The information obtained was analyzed using interpretative analysis. This means that the information collected is interpreted or explained, and the analysis is not just a description, but also a precise explanation and interpretation. This method involves several steps, starting with problem identification, research, collaboration and solution development. This case study made extensive use of secondary education literature as a source of literary material. The results show that students' writing skills improved significantly after applying this approach. The practical implication of the findings is that combining PBM and technology can be an effective strategy to improve students' writing skills.

The implementation of bureaucratic reform at the Secretariat General of the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs of the Republic of Indonesia is still seen as an additional task and has not become an integrated part of the strategy to increase efficiency and effectiveness in realizing agency performance, then the organizational and governance restructuring carried out still requires adjustments to tasks and functions in achieving output as expected, then another problem is the still limited professionalism of the apparatus, especially in terms of competence and commitment in implementing bureaucratic reforms. This study aims to identify and analyze the strategy for implementing bureaucratic reform in government institutions, the Office of the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs of the Republic of Indonesia, especially the Secretariat General based on Geoff Mulgan's theory, of purpose, environment, direction, action, learning. The method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the study show that the objective indicators are optimal, namely the leaders of the bureaucratic reform team and employees are trying to increase the value of bureaucratic reform indicators with various activity programs. Environmental indicators are not optimal, due to the lack of human resources in abilities, knowledge, attitudes. The direction indicator is optimal, because employees get guidance and direction from the leader in terms of coordination, communication and motivation. The action indicators have not been optimal, because they are still faced by unresolved obstacles such as the transfer of positions between units and policy changes. In learning indicators that are not optimal, in the performance targets of each individual and organizational performance, the results are still lacking and there are still supervisors who do not reflect the feasibility and appropriateness so that they must be retested in order to realize good practice.

This study examines the types and factors of reading difficulties in children at MIS Kertajaya II Mangunjaya, as well as evaluating the application of Problem-Based Learning Strategies (SPBM) implemented by classroom teachers. This qualitative research used observation, interview and documentation methods to collect data. The results showed that 8 students experienced reading difficulties, with various types of difficulties such as difficulty seeing long distances, low memory, difficulty spelling and pronouncing letters, and lack of letter recognition. Teachers at MIS Kertajaya II Mangunjaya implemented SPBM with the method of showing animated videos, using everyday problems, letter card media, and remedial programs to overcome students' reading difficulties. SPBM proved effective with the support of adequate infrastructure, but was hampered by unconducive classroom conditions. This study also identified the types and factors of reading difficulties at MIS Kertajaya II Mangunjaya and evaluated the effectiveness of SPBM in overcoming them. The implementation of SPBM proved to be beneficial, but needs adjustments to maximize its effectiveness.

The Problem-Based Learning (PBL) method is a popular approach in education that allows students to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills through solving real problems. PBL involves steps such as problem identification, research, and presentation of solutions, with a focus on students learning independently and in small groups. Although PBL is effective in improving student learning outcomes, there are challenges such as the need for teachers who are skilled in guiding students and longer time to solve problems. Characteristics of PBL include student-centered learning, teachers as facilitators, and problems as learning stimuli. The PBL strategy emphasizes the importance of starting learning with problems that are relevant to students' real lives and gives students great responsibility in their own learning process. The research method in this study uses qualitative research methods. The method used is library research.

Waste is one of the biggest environmental problems in Indonesia. Based on data from the 2014 Central Statistics Agency (in Angga & Djunaidi, 2017) it shows that Indonesia produces around 187.2 million tons of waste / year and is in second place as the largest waste producer in the world. Waste not only comes from households but also from the school environment. If this waste is left unchecked, it can cause disease. This large amount of waste is also caused by people's lack of concern for the environment. Therefore, it requires an appropriate management strategy, one of which is through recycling. The waste recycling training aims to increase knowledge of dealing with plastic waste and develop the creativity of Purwakarta State Primary School teachers so that they are able to process waste into learning media as well as capital for students to understand learning more easily through waste recycling training. Implementation methods include environmental observation, problem identification, determining service activities, coordinating service activities with prospective participants, implementing training. The waste recycling training activity has been successful and running smoothly, able to develop creativity and increase teachers' knowledge regarding waste managent.

Computational thinking is the ability to solve problems and design systems using concepts and techniques generally associated with computers and computer programming. The aim of this research is to conduct a literature review, namely to determine the application of computational thinking in mathematics learning. The technique used is the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) strategy. SLR is a research method that aims to identify, study and interpret data in journals systematically with specified stages. The conclusion obtained from the research results is that the application of computational thinking in mathematics learning can be done using four foundations of computational thinking, namely: (1) Decomposition, namely the problem is divided into small parts, (2) Pattern recognition, namely the process of identifying patterns or sequences of problems, (3) Abstraction, namely consideration of the important parts of a problem, and (4) Algorithm, namely a series of instructions for solving the problem. Examples of its application include the use of interactive mathematics software, mathematical simulations, problem-based learning with technology, adaptive learning and the use of educational games.  

This study examines the effectiveness of Project Based Learning (PBL) in enhancing cross-cultural communication skills within international language education programs. As globalization increases, effective communication across cultures is essential, and language programs must equip students with these skills. PBL, a learner-centered instructional strategy, integrates real-world problems into the learning process, promoting student participation, collaboration, and critical thinking. The research found that students engaged in PBL showed significant improvements in communication competence, collaboration, and intercultural understanding compared to those in traditional lecture-based instruction. The study suggests that PBL not only enhances language proficiency but also fosters cultural awareness and empathy through projects involving cross-cultural collaboration and problem-solving. Furthermore, PBL offers a more effective platform for practicing language skills in real-world scenarios, as opposed to traditional methods focused on theoretical aspects. The findings demonstrate that PBL is particularly effective in international programs, where students from diverse cultural backgrounds work together to solve global issues, thus improving their ability to communicate and collaborate across cultures. The research concludes that integrating PBL into international language education programs significantly enhances students' cross-cultural communication skills. The study encourages educational institutions to adopt PBL and suggests further research on complementary strategies, including technology, virtual exchanges, and intercultural simulations.

Mathematics is a fundamental science that underpins many aspects of daily life.  Where mathematics can be used as a method of solving problems that we face in life activities, such as in using information, knowledge and seeing and using relationships between objects. Not only that, the important role of mathematics includes the formation and development of rational, logical, systematic and critical thinking skills. In the study conducted by Putrihapsari and Fauziah (2020), Nazir (2014) defines literature study as a research approach that involves evaluating a multitude of literature studies that are pertinent to the research being conducted. This strategy is employed in research as a preliminary stage to organise the investigation by gathering data from literature in the subject, without the necessity for direct involvement. By using the PjBL model, it is hoped that it can cover 21st century skills so that it can improve the quality of students' mathematical literacy skills. Given that students must collaborate from the outset, the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning paradigm may assist them in developing the skills required to work effectively in groups. In order for students to comprehend the rationale and benefits of the mathematics education they receive in the classroom, this learning paradigm is essential for fostering mathematical literacy.

Critical competence plays an important role in students' ability to solve a problem that occurs. Through PBL, students are trained to develop ideas, or ideas that can facilitate them in problem solving and learning activities at school. By using the Problem-Based Learning paradigm to achieve learning objectives in elementary schools, students' critical competencies are developed. This form of learning looks at the relationship between critical thinking and student learning outcomes by using a qualitative approach with literature study as a source of in-depth analysis. A suitable approach to help students build critical thinking skills is a problem-based learning strategy. Students are encouraged to actively participate in solving problems that arise when using the Problem-Based Learning paradigm, according to the learning outcomes. By using this problem-based learning approach, students are encouraged to investigate a problem in more detail and from a broader perspective. Students can come up with original ideas in this situation or ideas for problem solving. By developing students' critical thinking skills and highlighting the important role that teachers play in fostering an enjoyable learning environment and acting as facilitators in the teaching and learning process, the Problem Based Learning model has been proven to improve the quality of teaching and student learning outcomes in educational settings.

The focus of the article is to describe the use of a HOTS-based learning model that can improve the problem solving abilities of students in elementary schools as well as strategies that can be used in implementing HOTS learning in the classroom. This research uses a literature study method by examining several sources from journals and books related to the use of the HOTS-based learning model in improving the Problem Solving abilities of students in elementary schools. This research uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method or literature review by systematically identifying journals. The steps in the SLR method are 1) Develop Research Questions, 2) Selection Criteria, 3) Developing The Search Strategy, 4) The Study Selection Process, 5) Appraising the Quality of Studies.

Scientific attitude is a very important attitude to be possessed by every student in following the learning process. Therefore, this study aims to examine the teaching method of the Lord Jesus as a strategy in shaping the scientific attitude of students. Through a qualitative approach with literature review techniques, the author examines in depth the method of teaching Jesus as a strategy in shaping the scientific attitudes of students. The results of this study found that to shape the scientific attitude of students, it is necessary to be guided by the teaching methods of the Lord Jesus, such as discovery and inquary methods, discussion methods, problem-based, and storytelling methods. Therefore, teachers of Christian religious education are required to always emulate the Lord Jesus and think creatively in shaping the scientific attitude of students in accordance with teaching conditions in the 21st century.

National education faces challenges related to quality, efficiency and management. Several important problems in the education system include: (1) student moral behavior, (2) distribution of learning, (3) less efficient internal systems, (4) poor organization, (5) education management that is not in line with national development, and (6) lack of professionalism in resources. One effort to overcome this problem is to improve learning strategies, which are very important for the success of the learning process. One of the aspects studied in this journal is the teaching of the Islamic religion from Abuddin Nata's perspective. The results of the literature search show that an Islamic-based learning approach can shape student behavior. One effective strategy is to use an approach that is appropriate to the learning objectives and emphasizes skills and learning processes such as the Islamic education model which integrates skills, problem solving and memory formation.

This research aims to determine a role-playing strategy model in strengthening religious character through learning short story texts. The research method used is the Design Based Research (DBR) method. The research stage is divided into five parts, namely problem identification, product development formulation, product design and development, product testing, and communicating results. The results of observing teacher activities through role playing strategies show that the score obtained from observer one is 92 in the very good category, while the score obtained by observer two is 90 in the very good category. The results of observing students' activities through role playing strategies showed that the score obtained from observer one was 94 in the very good category, while the score obtained by observer two was 92 in the very good category. Based on the results of data analysis obtained from students' self-assessment questionnaires regarding strengthening religious character through learning short story texts using role-playing strategies. The total score obtained by students was 1163 and the average number obtained from 15 students was 77 with a percentage of 96%. To strengthen the character of religiosity in students, teachers must be more creative in cultivating the value of religious character in students through the learning process.

This research aims to improve and develop students' abilities to learn how to think critically in finding solutions to problems. Based learning strategy is a learning strategy that invites students to learn independently, carry out discussions, find solutions to solve problems and be able to draw conclusions. This research aims to examine more deeply problem-based learning strategies so that students can develop their abilities to overcome complex and diverse problems. The data collection used by researchers is a literature study by studying and citing several sources from textbooks, articles, journals, modules and other publications. The use of this learning strategy is expected to improve students' problem solving abilities.  

This research explains research on Islamic religious learning models for children with special needs (autism) in elementary schools. The aim of this research is to find out what the Islamic religious learning model is for children with special needs (autism). The method used in this research is a qualitative method, namely library research by going through or studying and examining books or journals and written sources related to this problem. The results of this research show that the Islamic religious learning model for ABK uses inclusive or adaptive learning strategies and small group-based learning and individual support to increase participation and understanding of autistic children towards Islamic religious education

Recognizing outstanding students is an essential strategy to encourage learners to improve their academic performance and overall learning quality. However, the process of selecting the best students at SMK Negeri 1 Raman Utara still encounters significant challenges due to the complexity of the evaluation criteria, which include academic achievement, attendance, participation in extracurricular activities, and student behavior. The current manual selection method is considered less effective because it is time-consuming and susceptible to subjectivity in decision-making. This study aims to address these issues by developing a technology-based Decision Support System utilizing the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. SAW was chosen for its efficiency in solving multi-criteria problems through matrix normalization and preference weighting for each alternative. The development process includes requirement analysis, system design, and the implementation of an automated ranking mechanism for student candidates. Based on the testing results, the implemented system can process assessment data rapidly and produce accurate and objective rankings of high-achieving students. The system offers a practical solution for the school by enhancing transparency and validity in the selection process, minimizing human calculation errors, and supporting more equitable and data-driven decision-making.