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TikTok has transformed into an effective digital marketing platform, not only for introducing products but also for shaping impulsive shopping behavior. This study aims to analyze the impulsive shopping behavior of Generation Z on TikTok Shop. The research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach, with data obtained from digital searches and observations. The findings indicate that Generation Z has a strong interest in utilizing the TikTok Shop feature within the TikTok application, making it one of their preferred alternatives for online shopping transactions. TikTok significantly influences Generation Z’s shopping behavior, as they tend to purchase products after seeing them on the platform. Businesses leverage TikTok as an efficient marketing tool, particularly through creative content, short videos, and influencer recommendations. By utilizing an algorithm that tailors content to users’ preferences, TikTok Shop creates offers that appear attractive to consumers. Generation Z is often influenced to buy items they do not actually need. Sudden purchases driven by emotions—such as low prices or limited-time offers—often lead them to overlook product quality. As a generation living in the digital era, Gen Z needs to better regulate their impulsive consumer behavior. Wisely utilizing technology and understanding the marketing strategies used by platforms like TikTok Shop can help them avoid excessive impulsive spending. By prioritizing needs over wants and carefully considering the value and benefits of a product before purchasing, Gen Z can become smarter and more responsible consumers.

Whale shark boat operators are people or organizations that manage and operate boats for tourism purposes that involve interaction with whale sharks. The basis of this study was conducted to analyze the income earned by whale shark boat operators and their operational challenges. Several factors that need to be considered include the number of tourists, the rates charged by the operator, and the operational costs that must be borne. The purpose of this study is to analyze the income and evaluate challenges faced by whale shark tour boat operators. This study uses descriptive survey and observation methods using primary and secondary data, and quantitative income analysis, to identify respondents using the census sampling method. Based on the results of the study, the average net income of whale shark tour boat operators in Botubarani is Rp. 11,710,000 per year. As for the operational challenges in developing whale shark tourism, there are 3 things that affect income, namely the appearance of whale sharks, weather factors, number of visitors, and when there are fewer or no visitors during the wind and wave season which results in no income because whale sharks do not appear on the surface of the water

This study aims to examine the influence of price and store atmosphere on repurchase decisions, with customer satisfaction as a moderating variable among Beocca Coffee consumers in Malang Regency. A quantitative explanatory approach was employed, involving 130 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via an online questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Square–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that price, store atmosphere, and customer satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on repurchase decisions. However, customer satisfaction was not proven to moderate the relationship between price and repurchase decisions, nor between store atmosphere and repurchase decisions. These findings indicate that price and store atmosphere influence repurchase decisions directly, regardless of customer satisfaction levels. The practical implication is that coffee shop managers should focus on offering competitive prices and creating a pleasant store atmosphere. Although customer satisfaction does not act as a moderator, it remains a crucial direct factor affecting loyalty. Future studies are encouraged to expand the research scope geographically and include additional variables such as customer loyalty, perceived quality, or digital marketing strategies to deepen the understanding of repurchase behavior in the local coffee shop industry.

Entrepreneurs in the digital era face constant challenges that require adaptation and innovation. Although economic and managerial factors are often the focus, the role of psychological dimensions such as resilience and creativity in entrepreneurial success has not been widely reviewed in depth. This study aims to examine relevant theories and findings on psychological resilience and creativity in the context of entrepreneurship, and to build a conceptual framework to support entrepreneurial innovation. Using a qualitative literature study method, this study systematically searches, analyzes, and synthesizes scientific literature from various databases. The results of the synthesis indicate that psychological resilience is crucial for entrepreneurs to recover from failure and adapt to change. Characteristics such as optimism and emotional regulation are the pillars of mental resilience. Meanwhile, creativity is an innovation engine that facilitates the identification of new opportunities and the development of unique solutions. A synergistic relationship between resilience and creativity is also found: resilience provides a psychological buffer for taking creative risks, and the creative process can strengthen self-resilience. The theoretical implication is the need for a more holistic entrepreneurship model. In practice, this study recommends educational institutions, especially the Faculty of Psychology, to integrate the development of resilience and creativity into the entrepreneurship curriculum.

This study aims to explore the meaning of work ethics in relation to employees’ mental health within the café industry, with a specific focus on Ox Coffee in Medan. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with five permanent employees across various roles. The findings indicate that the application of work ethics at Ox Coffee encompasses discipline, responsibility, open communication, customer service, and skills development. Employees perceive work ethics as a guide for managing job-related stress, a foundation for psychological well-being, a contributor to professional identity, and a mechanism for reducing workplace conflict and tension. Key factors such as fairness in task distribution, constructive communication, recognition of employee contributions, and work-life balance were found to significantly influence mental health. The study recommends strategies including the development of a supportive and inclusive work culture, skills training, effective communication systems, and mental health programs to foster a psychologically healthy workplace in the café sector.

This study aims to determine the effect of profitability, liquidity, and leverage on financial distress of tourism sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018-2023. The number of companies used as samples was 32 companies with certain criteria. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, so that the total analysis units in this study were 192. Multiple linear regression analysis was used in the analysis of this research data. The results of the study indicate that profitability, liquidity, and leverage have a positive effect on financial distress. Thus, it can be concluded that the overall results of this study are that profitability, liquidity, and leverage can influence financial distress.

This research aims to analyze the legal responsibility of business actors in the circulation of illegal cosmetics and legal protection for consumers based on applicable laws and regulations. The method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach, the nature of the research used is prescriptive and uses legal material collection techniques with literature studies. The results showed that 1) business actors who distribute illegal cosmetic products are legally responsible both civil, criminal and administrative. 2) Legal protection for consumers still faces serious challenges due to weak supervision and low legal awareness. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen law enforcement and increase consumer education to prevent losses due to the use of illegal cosmetic products.

Law enforcement against minor crimes committed by children and the elderly often causes public dissatisfaction because it is considered to not take into account the principles of justice and benefit. To answer this problem, the Supreme Court issued Supreme Court Regulation (Perma) Number 1 of 2024 concerning Guidelines for Adjudicating Criminal Cases Based on Restorative Justice. This study raises two main problems: (1) How is Perma Number 1 of 2024 applied to children and the elderly who commit minor crimes? and (2) What are the inhibiting factors in its implementation? The purpose of the study is to analyze the implementation of the Perma and identify the obstacles faced. The methods used are normative juridical and empirical juridical, with a statutory, case, and conceptual approach. Data collection was carried out through document studies and interviews with practitioners and academics. The results of the study show that Perma Number 1 of 2024 provides space for resolving minor criminal cases in a more humane manner through restorative justice. However, its implementation still faces obstacles, including the lack of understanding of law enforcement officers, limited supporting facilities, and resistance from some communities and victims who still choose the formal legal process. In conclusion, although this Perma provides a great opportunity for peaceful resolution, its implementation requires commitment from all parties. It is recommended that there be increased training and socialization for law enforcement officers, provision of penal mediation facilities, and additional regulations to strengthen protection for children and the elderly as vulnerable groups.

Trade wars and protectionism have again become major issues in global economic dynamics, especially since trade tensions between the United States and China began in 2018. This research aims to analyze tariff policy as part of a protectionist strategy in the context of the political economy of bilateral trade relations. Using a qualitative approach with case studies and document analysis, data were obtained from policy reports, scientific journals, and trade statistics. The results show that tariff policies are often not purely based on economic considerations, but are also influenced by domestic political interests, industry group pressure, and global negotiation strategies. On the other hand, these policies have a significant impact on the structure of bilateral trade relations, trade volume, and global supply chains. Indonesia as a partner country is also affected, both directly through changes in export-import values, and indirectly through supply and investment disruptions. Policy implications show the importance of developing countries' preparedness in anticipating changes in global trade policies and encouraging the formulation of adaptive and competitive national strategies. This study provides recommendations for policymakers to balance national interests with global dynamics.

This Study explore the study of The Bugis people’s migration from south sulawesi to East Kalimantan on their sattlement in Kutai dan Pasir from the 18th through 19th centuries. It looks at how the Buginese diaspora established independent groups, traded and developed political clouth through smart partnerships like marriages with local elites, all motivated by marine culture and economic aspirations. Internal disputes among Bugis factions, particularly over taxation and port countrol, and tentions with local authorities were frequently the results of these developments. In oder to increase their power in the area, the Dutch Colonial authorities kept an eye on these conflicts and accosianally got involved. This study emhasises how the Bugis significantly influenced power dynamics and coastal administration in East Kalimantan throughout both indigenous and colonial regimes, drawing on historical documents, open access academic sources and Buginese manuscripts.

This study aims to compare the effectiveness of print and digital advertisements in increasing sarong sales at Toko Istana Sarung Wonorejo. Using a quantitative approach, sales data from the first three months of 2025 were analyzed based on digital advertisements (social media), print advertisements (brochures and banners), and word-of-mouth promotions. The results show that digital advertising had the greatest impact on sales growth (approximately 50%), followed by word-of-mouth promotion (5–10%), and print advertising (around 15%). These findings highlight the importance of a multichannel marketing strategy tailored to consumer characteristics.

This study aims to examine the influence of the AIDA model (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action) on consumer interest in Skintific’s digital campaign on Instagram. This research employs a descriptive quantitative approach. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed to 22 respondents who are Instagram users and aware of Skintific's digital campaign. The research instrument consisted of 20 statement items based on the indicators of the AIDA model and consumer interest, using a 5-point Likert scale. The data analysis technique used was descriptive analysis by calculating the average score of each AIDA dimension and consumer interest. The results show that the Interest and Desire dimensions obtained the highest average scores, indicating a strong consumer attraction and desire toward the product. Meanwhile, the Action and Consumer Interest dimensions showed moderate scores, suggesting the need for enhanced campaign strategies to drive real consumer action. This study contributes theoretically by confirming the relevance of the AIDA model in the context of digital marketing and offers practical implications for skincare brands to optimize their campaign strategies on social media platforms.

The development of information technology and the increasing use of e-commerce is driving demand for fast and reliable delivery services. This research aims to analyze the impact of delivery time services on customer satisfaction at expedition service companies, with a case study of Lion Parcel Sub Agent Tegal. The research method used is a quantitative method with a survey approach by distributing questionnaires to Lion Parcel Tegal customers. Data were analyzed using validity, reliability, correlation and simple regression tests with the help of SPSS 25 software. The research results showed that there was a significant relationship between delivery speed and customer satisfaction level, with a correlation value of 0.911 and an influence of 83%. This indicates that the faster the delivery service, the higher the level of customer satisfaction. It is hoped that this study can be a reference for expedition service companies in improving the quality of their services to compete in the competitive logistics industry.

This study aims to analyze the effect of unemployment rate and health on the Human Development Index (HDI) in Lampung. This study uses a quantitative method with multiple regression analysis to test the effect of independent variables (unemployment rate and health) on the dependent variable (HDI). The results of the study indicate that the unemployment rate has a significant positive effect on the HDI, where an increase in unemployment has the potential to increase the HDI figure. On the other hand, the health variable does not show a significant effect on the HDI, indicating that although the health program is running, other factors such as the economy and education are more dominant in determining the HDI. Simultaneously, unemployment and health contribute to changes in the HDI, but the dominance of unemployment appears stronger.

This article examines the impact of poverty and unemployment on the Human Development Index (HDI) in the West Java region. Poverty and unemployment are two key factors that play a role in reducing people's quality of life. This research utilizes secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency and other sources to analyze the relationship between poverty levels, unemployment levels and HDI developments in the region. The findings show that increasing poverty and unemployment have a significant negative effect on HDI, which includes health, education and income indicators. These results highlight the importance of comprehensive intervention policies to address the problems of poverty and unemployment in order to improve the quality of life and welfare of people in Indonesia.

Jorong Lubuk Sao, located in Nagari Dalko, Agam Regency, has great potential in the plantation, fisheries, and agriculture sectors. This study systematically examines the external factors influencing economic development in Jorong Lubuk Sao through an integrated PESTEL-SWOT analytical framework. Qualitative research methods were applied through observation and interviews with local economic actors. The findings reveal that six key external dimensions – political, economic, socio-cultural, technological, ecological, and regulatory aspects – substantially influence the village's economic progression. Furthermore, the SWOT examination pinpoints internal capabilities and limitations, along with external prospects and risks, which collectively shape the community-driven tourism development initiatives. This study recommends the need to enhance community awareness, improve promotion efforts, and secure government support to achieve sustainable economic development.

As global attention to sustainability increases, the implementation of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles has become increasingly important in the business world. However, the social aspect of ESG is often overlooked compared to environmental and governance aspects. This study aims to identify and analyze the challenges faced by companies in implementing the social aspect of ESG through a literature review of various academic sources. The findings indicate that companies encounter challenges such as limited understanding, resource constraints, organizational cultural barriers, regulatory uncertainty, and stakeholder pressure. This research provides insights into the obstacles and potential strategies that companies can adopt to address them. However, the study is limited by its reliance on literature alone, highlighting the need for future research using primary quantitative or qualitative data to strengthen these findings.

This study aims to analyze the effect of Assistance Services and Transaction Security on User Emotional Experience, with Customer Satisfaction as a mediating variable in the context of using a digital wallet (e-wallet). This study uses a quantitative approach with a causal-comparative method. Data collection was carried out by distributing online questionnaires using Google Form to 150 respondents who are active e-wallet users. The research model consists of four latent variables, each of which is measured by three reflective indicators. The data analysis technique uses the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method with the help of SmartPLS software, and is supported by descriptive analysis using SPSS. Validity and reliability tests are carried out through outer loading tests, Average Variance Extracted (AVE), Cronbach's Alpha, and Composite Reliability. Hypothesis testing is carried out by considering the path coefficient, t-statistic, and p-value values. The results of the study indicate that Assistance Services and Transaction Security have a significant effect on Customer Satisfaction. Assistance Services also have a direct effect on Emotional Experience, while Transaction Security does not have a direct effect on this variable. Customer Satisfaction has a significant effect on Emotional Experience, and is proven to be a significant mediator in the relationship between Assistance Service and Transaction Security on Emotional Experience.

This study investigates the influence of Provincial Minimum Wage (PMW), Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR), and Population Growth Rate (PGR) on Employment Opportunities (EO) across 20 most populous provinces in Indonesia from 2017 to 2024. Using a quantitative approach and panel data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency, the analysis applies the Fixed Effect Model selected through Chow and Hausman tests. The Outcomes indicate that PMW has a significant negative effect on EO, implying that wage increases without corresponding productivity growth can reduce job absorption. Conversely, LFPR has a significant positive effect, reflecting that a higher labor force engagement boosts employment. PGR has a negative but statistically insignificant effect. The F-test confirms that all three variables jointly influence EO. These results highlight the need to harmonize wage regulations, human capital development (HDI), and population planning to support inclusive and sustainable employment in regions experiencing high demographic pressures.

The increasing needs of life encourage people to seek funds from various sources, including those that are not in accordance with sharia principles such as interest and loan shark practices. In facing this challenge, Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) emerged as a sharia-based microfinance alternative that rejects the element of usury and emphasizes justice and blessings. The purpose of this study is to examine the application of sharia principles in financing activities at BMT, as well as analyze the challenges and opportunities for development, especially in Padangsidimpuan City. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative approach by conducting literature studies and case studies at BMT Insani. The findings of the research show that BMT has implemented sharia contracts such as murabahah and mudharabah in its financing activities. However, there are still some obstacles such as competition from conventional financial institutions, limited human resources, and low financial literacy among the community. Nevertheless, BMTs have significant opportunities to grow through increased education, product innovation, and strengthening of institutional structures.