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Penelitian ini membahas Implementasi Konsep Hak Khiyar dalam transaksi jual beli modern, dengan fokus pada transaksi istishna, Cash on Delivery (COD), dan sistem jual beli online melalui e-commerce. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Hak Khiyar dilakukan dengan cermat dan sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah Islam. Konsumen merespons positif terhadap Implementasi Hak Khiyar karena memberikan rasa kepercayaan dan keamanan dalam bertransaksi. Namun, masih terdapat tantangan terkait kurangnya sosialisasi informasi mengenai Hak Khiyar kepada konsumen dan perbaikan dalam efisiensi proses pengembalian barang. Disarankan agar terus meningkatkan upaya sosialisasi dan edukasi tentang Hak Khiyar kepada konsumen untuk memberikan pengalaman berbelanja yang lebih baik dan memuaskan. Kesimpulannya, Implementasi Konsep Hak Khiyar memberikan manfaat dalam membangun hubungan bisnis yang saling menguntungkan antara penjual dan pembeli, sejalan dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah yang mengedepankan keadilan dan kepentingan bersama dalam transaksi.  

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a collection of physical and emotional symptoms occurring prior to menstruation that can disrupt daily activities. Dietary patterns and nutritional status are known to influence PMS symptoms. This study aims to analyze the relationship between dietary intake (energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat, magnesium, and vitamin B6) and nutritional status (based on Body Mass Index/BMI) with the incidence of PMS among female students from both health and non-health study programs at Universitas Airlangga. This research employed an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 103 female students from the 4th semester of the Nutrition and Islamic Economics study programs were selected through proportional random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires on respondent characteristics, a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), anthropometric measurements, and the Shortened Premenstrual Assessment Form (SPAF). Data analysis was performed descriptively and inferentially using Spearman's rank correlation test. The results showed a significant relationship between energy intake (p = 0.002) and fat intake (p = 0.001) with PMS. No significant relationship was found for carbohydrate, protein, magnesium, and vitamin B6 intake (p > 0.05). Additionally, nutritional status based on BMI was significantly associated with PMS (p = 0.001), indicating that both underweight and overweight students were more likely to experience PMS. These findings highlight that imbalanced energy and fat intake, as well as abnormal nutritional status, may be contributing factors to PMS. Therefore, increasing awareness of proper nutrition and reproductive health is essential to reduce PMS symptoms among female students.

Dysmenorrhea is pain during menstruation experienced by women of childbearing age. Risk factors that can cause dysmenorrhea include age of menarche, family history, duration and menstrual cycle, stress, physical activity, nutritional status, and nutrient intake. Some nutrients that are related to the incidence of dysmenorrhea include fat, calcium, and magnesium. This study aims to determine the relationship between fat, calcium, magnesium, and physical activity intake with the severity of dysmenorrhea in students of the Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Surabaya State University. This study used a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used stratified random sampling with a total of 119 samples. Data collection used the NRS (Numeric Rating Scale) questionnaire for the incidence of dysmenorrhea, SQ-FFQ (Semi Quantitative Food Frequency) for fat, calcium, and magnesium intake, and IPAQ-SF (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form) for physical activity. The results showed that students of the Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Surabaya State University had low fat intake (79%), low calcium intake (58%), normal magnesium intake (47,9%), heavy physical activity (47,1%) and mild dysmenorrhea pain (40,3%). Data analysis using the Spearman Rank test showed a value of p = 0.000 (fat), p = 0.023 (calcium), p = 0.023 (magnesium), and p = 0.039 (physical activity). Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between fat, calcium, magnesium, and physical activity intake with the severity of dysmenorrhea (p <0.05).

Abstract. Work accidents are a serious problem that can result in injury, disability, even death for employees, as well as financial losses for the company. In Indonesia, the number of work accidents still shows a questionable number, so that prevention of work accidents must be a top priority in occupational safety and health (K3) management. This study aims to explore and develop effective work accident prevention strategies. Methods: used in this study is a literature review, by collecting and analyzing information from various journals and scientific articles related to work accidents and their prevention strategies. The population in this study were various studies that discussed work accidents, while samples were taken from relevant articles. The research variables include risk factors for work accidents and prevention strategies applied. Results: nshowed that the implementation of safety training programs, building a strong safety culture, and implementing the 5R principle (Ringkas, Neat, Resik, Rawat, Rajin) can significantly reduce the risk of work accidents. Conclusion: from this study is that investment in a holistic and sustainable safety strategy is essential to creating a safe and productive work environment, as well as protecting employee health and safety. With these steps, companies are expected to be able to improve overall operational performance and efficiency. Keywords: work accidents, safety, strategies. Abstrak. Kecelakaan kerja merupakan masalah serius yang dapat mengakibatkan cedera, cacat, bahkan kematian bagi karyawan, serta kerugian finansial bagi perusahaan. Di Indonesia, angka kecelakaan kerja masih menunjukkan angka yang mengkhawatirkan, sehingga pencegahan kecelakaan kerja harus menjadi prioritas utama dalam manajemen keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan mengembangkan strategi pencegahan kecelakaan kerja yang efektif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tinjauan pustaka, dengan mengumpulkan dan menganalisis informasi dari berbagai jurnal dan artikel ilmiah terkait kecelakaan kerja dan strategi pencegahannya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah berbagai studi yang membahas kecelakaan kerja, sedangkan sampel diambil dari artikel-artikel yang relevan. Variabel penelitian meliputi faktor risiko kecelakaan kerja dan strategi pencegahan yang diterapkan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penerapan program pelatihan keselamatan, pembangunan budaya keselamatan yang kuat, dan penerapan prinsip 5R (Ringkas, Rapi, Resik, Rawat, Rajin) dapat mengurangi risiko kecelakaan kerja secara signifikan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa investasi dalam strategi keselamatan yang holistik dan berkelanjutan sangat penting untuk menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang aman dan produktif, serta melindungi kesehatan dan keselamatan karyawan. Dengan langkah-langkah ini, diharapkan perusahaan dapat meningkatkan kinerja dan efisiensi operasional secara keseluruhan. Kata kunci: kecelakaan lingkungan kerja, keselamatan, strategi.

The habit of smoking and using e-cigarettes (vape) among adolescents in Indonesia shows a significant increasing trend. This study aims to conduct a systematic review of various factors that influence dependence on cigarettes and vapes in adolescents, by analyzing 30 national scientific articles. The results of the review revealed that the dominant factors contributing to this behavior include the influence of the friendship environment, permissive parental attitudes, lack of knowledge, psychological pressure, and exposure to the media. In addition, education was found to be an effective strategy in increasing understanding and reducing smoking intentions. This behavior is also driven by the mistaken view that vaping is considered safer than regular cigarettes. This study suggests the need for a cross-sectoral approach, which includes ongoing education, regulatory enforcement, and the active role of families and educational institutions in efforts to prevent and control cigarette and vape addiction among adolescents.

Thematic learning at the elementary school level is designed to provide integrated and meaningful learning experiences, aligned with the thinking characteristics of young learners. The success of this approach is strongly influenced by the teacher’s role in designing, implementing, and evaluating the learning process. This study aims to examine in depth how teachers carry out their roles in thematic learning and identify the influencing factors. The research uses a literature review method by analyzing fifteen relevant sources, including academic journals and educational books. The findings show that teachers hold multifaceted roles as facilitators, motivators, instructional designers, and learning assessors. Teachers also play a crucial role in shaping students’ character through the integration of social values within thematic instruction. However, practical implementation still faces challenges such as limited time, administrative workload, and lack of professional training. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of strengthening teachers’ professional competence and institutional support to ensure thematic learning can be implemented effectively and sustainably in elementary schools.

Research instruments are essential components in educational research as they function to collect valid and reliable data. However, many studies still use instruments carelessly without proper testing. This study aims to examine the design and development of educational research instruments that comply with scientific standards. The method used is library research by collecting and analyzing written sources such as books, scientific articles, and other relevant documents. The findings indicate that instrument development must follow systematic stages, including variable analysis, blueprint design, item formulation, validity and reliability testing, and final revision. The instruments discussed include both test and non-test types with various data collection techniques. The implication is that this study provides methodological guidance for researchers in designing appropriate instruments to enhance the quality of educational data and research outcomes.

This study investigated pronunciation errors in early childhood when singing the song “Burung Kakatua”. The purpose of this study was to identify, classify and analyze phonological errors that occurred based on the theory of generative phonology. The research method used was descriptive qualitative research with data collection techniques in the form of observation and recording, on four children aged 2-5 years. Based on the results of the study, the most common pronunciation errors were phoneme substitution (pronunciation of consonant /r/ to /l/), omission of consonant clusters, and phoneme errors in polysyllabic words. Phonological analysis revealed that these errors were related to the development of the child’s speech organs and the complexity of sounds in the song. This study contributes to our understanding of language acquisition and phonological development in early childhood and provides educational implications for educators and parents who help children acquire correct pronunciation through song media.

All humans have human rights not because of gifts given to them by society or based on applicable positive law, but because they are human beings. Human rights violations if committed by anyone will be reciprocated by anyone whose rights are taken. As is happening now, human rights violations committed by the state of Israel against Palestine are a form of taking away other people’s rights, especially the right to life and live in safety. Actions such as blockades, evictions, restrictions on mobility, and armed attacks have raised serious concerns from the international community regarding violations of international humanitarian law. This study uses a descriptive-analytical approach to evaluate the extent to which these security policies exceed the principles of civilian protection. It obtains a conclusion that security concepts is often used in defense of act that are against international norms and agreements after analyzing government reports, data from human rights organizations, and UN resolutions. These findings point the value of achieving a balance between state objectives and human rights protection as part of a sustainable security policy in the context of strategic security studies.

 Toko Percetakan Zacky Karya Abadi masih mengelola data stok dan penjualan secara manual, yang menimbulkan berbagai tantangan operasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun sebuah sistem informasi berbasis web guna menyederhanakan dan mengotomatisasi proses tersebut. Metode pengembangan yang digunakan meliputi tahapan observasi, wawancara, serta perancangan sistem menggunakan alat bantu seperti Activity Diagram, Usecase Diagram, dan ERD, yang diimplementasikan dengan PHP dan MySQL. Hasilnya adalah sebuah sistem informasi terintegrasi dengan akses berbasis peran untuk pemilik, admin, karyawan, kasir, dan pelanggan. Sistem ini memiliki fitur modul manajemen stok, transaksi penjualan, pengelolaan pengguna, dan pelaporan operasional otomatis. Implikasi dari sistem ini adalah peningkatan efisiensi operasional secara signifikan, pengambilan keputusan yang lebih cepat dan akurat melalui laporan real-time, serta meminimalkan risiko kehilangan data.

Information technology companies rely heavily on databases to store critical data that is vulnerable to leaks that can be financially and reputationally detrimental. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of database security mechanisms, especially encryption and access control, in preventing data leaks. The method used is a case study with a qualitative approach through observation and interviews at information technology companies, as well as technical analysis of database protection implementation. The results of the study show that to maintain data security, companies need to use end-to-end encryption and a biometric login system so that only authorized people can access it. Smart technology such as AI is also important for detecting threats quickly. In addition, using special tools to monitor devices and routinely test security helps reduce risks. No less important, providing security training to employees so that they are more vigilant and do not become a gap for data leaks. In this way, companies can be better prepared to face various threats in today's digital era.  

Digital transformation in the industrial era 4.0 has brought fundamental changes to marketing strategies, especially for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). This study aims to analyze the effect of social media use on increasing sales and income of fashion MSMEs in Serang City. Quantitative methods are used with a simple linear regression approach, and data collection through questionnaires to 61 MSME players. The results of the analysis show that the use of social media has a positive and significant effect on increasing sales and income. The normality test shows that the residuals of model Y2 are normally distributed, while model Y1 is not. In addition, the Glejser test results show indications of heteroscedasticity in both models. Nonetheless, the models remain valid for use as they meet the minimum sample size requirement. These findings confirm that strategic utilization of social media can improve the business performance of fashion MSMEs, so it is recommended as part of an adaptive digital strategy in facing competitive challenges in the era of digital transformation.

  This study examines the role of multinational corporations (MNCs) in the context of international business finance, focusing on the reasons for overseas expansion and the globalization of financial products and markets. The discussion includes strategic, operational, and financial motivations that drive companies to expand internationally. In addition, this study analyzes the impact of global financial market integration on MNCs' cross-border activities. The study concludes that global expansion and market globalization provide MNCs with opportunities to increase efficiency, reach new markets, and manage risk more optimally in an interconnected economy.

This research intends to assess the influence of sharia reform on the development of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia, focusing on key sectors that underpin the national economy. This article employs quantitative methods and secondary data acquired via digital literature research to offer the most recent findings from many sources, including OJK publications, Bank Indonesia, and certified scientific journals. The study's results demonstrate that sharia-compliant principles, including mudharabah, musyarakah, and murabahah, substantially enhance the development, prosperity, and strength of MSMEs. Mudharabah, musyarakah, or murabahah substantially enhance the development, prosperity, and strength of MSMEs. This research provides significant insights for the advancement of equitable and sustainable finance within the Indonesian Islamic economic framework.

Tui na massage is one of the non-pharmacological therapies that can be done to overcome picky eaters in toddlers. Tui na massage therapy aims to improve digestion and blood circulation in the spleen. This counseling method is carried out directly with interactive lectures and discussions as well as tui na massage simulations. Discussions are carried out using the Q&A method related to the material. Tui na massage is carried out using techniques such as massaging (Petrissage or Nie), tapping (Tapotement or Da), gliding (Effleurage or Tui), friction, rotating, and vibrating certain points so that they will affect the body's energy. This therapy is carried out once a day for 6 consecutive days. The results of the activity showed that after this activity most mothers had good knowledge about picky eaters and tui na massage. This counseling activity has been achieved by increasing insight in mothers of toddlers.

Femur fracture is a condition where there is discontinuity or loss of part of the femur bone, To overcome this, physiotherapy can contribute to reducing pain, reducing edema, increasing joint range of motion, and strengthening muscles. Objectives: physiotherapy can contribute to reducing pain, reducing edema, increasing joint range of motion, and strengthening muscles. Physiotherapy modalities that are often used for this condition include Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), Ultrasound, and exercise. Results: after 6 times of therapy, a decrease in tenderness T1:5 and T6: 4, motion pain T1: 7 and T6: 2. ROM knee extension/flexion T1: S: 5°-0°-40°, T6: S: 0°-0°-100°. Conclusion: Administration of TENS, ultrasound and exercise can reduce pain, increase ROM in post fracture of 1/3 Distal femur.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan stabilitas paracetamol dalam berbagai bentuk sediaan farmasi: tablet, sirup, dan suppositoria. Stabilitas merupakan parameter penting yang memengaruhi keamanan, efektivitas, dan masa simpan suatu produk obat. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental deskriptif dengan uji stabilitas dipercepat pada sampel yang disimpan dalam suhu dan kelembapan terkendali selama 3 bulan. Parameter stabilitas fisik dan kimia, seperti karakteristik organoleptik, pH, disolusi, dan kadar zat aktif, dievaluasi secara berkala. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sediaan tablet mempertahankan stabilitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sirup dan suppositoria, dengan perubahan minimal pada tampilan fisik dan kadar zat aktif. Sediaan sirup cenderung mengalami degradasi pH dan risiko kontaminasi mikroba, sementara suppositoria menunjukkan deformasi ringan dan migrasi zat aktif. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pemilihan bentuk sediaan berperan penting dalam menjamin stabilitas jangka panjang sediaan paracetamol. Penelitian ini memberikan referensi penting bagi perumusan dan penyimpanan sediaan farmasi.

Penerapan prinsip syariah dalam strategi pemasaran produk halal menjadi semakin relevan seiring dengan meningkatnya kesadaran umat Muslim terhadap pentingnya mengonsumsi makanan yang sesuai dengan ajaran agama. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi bagaimana nilai-nilai etika Islam seperti, kejujuran, keadilan, amanah, dan tanggung jawab dapat diintegrasikan ke dalam pemasaran produk halal di Indonesia. Penulisan dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui telaah literatur sistematis terhadap berbagai sumber ilmiah yang relevan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pemasaran halal bukan hanya sekedar mendapatkan sertifikasi, namun juga harus mencakup seluruh proses bisnis yang menjunjung tinggi etika Islam. Berbagai tantangan seperti persaingan pasar, keterbatasan sumber daya, dan ketidaksesuaian teknologi dengan nilai agama menjadi hambatan yang perlu diatasi melalui kerja sama antara pelaku usaha, lembaga sertifikasi, dan konsumen agar tercipta sistem pemasaran yang berkah dan berkelanjutan.

Zakat fitrah adalah salah satu kewajiban utama dalam ajaran Islam yang memiliki aspek spiritual dan sosial. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis zakat fitrah dari sudut pandang fiqih Islam, dengan menitikberatkan pada tiga pokok bahasan: kewajiban, waktu pelaksanaan, dan mekanisme penyalurannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif melalui metode studi pustaka, yang merujuk pada literatur klasik (kutub al-turats) maupun kontemporer dalam fiqih Islam dari berbagai mazhab. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa zakat fitrah merupakan kewajiban individu (fardhu ‘ain) yang wajib ditunaikan oleh setiap Muslim yang mampu, sebagai bentuk pembersihan diri serta solidaritas sosial. Waktu pelaksanaannya telah ditentukan secara khusus, dimulai sejak awal bulan Ramadhan hingga sebelum salat Idulfitri, dengan waktu terbaiknya adalah malam hingga pagi hari sebelum salat dilaksanakan. Dalam distribusinya, mayoritas ulama berpendapat bahwa zakat fitrah harus disalurkan kepada pihak yang berhak (mustahik), terutama fakir dan miskin, dalam bentuk bahan makanan pokok sesuai kebiasaan masyarakat setempat, meskipun sebagian ulama memperbolehkan dalam bentuk uang. Studi ini menekankan pentingnya pemahaman fiqih yang mendalam agar zakat fitrah dapat berfungsi secara optimal sebagai sarana keadilan sosial dan penyucian jiwa dalam kehidupan masyarakat.

This paper aimed to research about Badi‟ style in al-Qur‟an‟s passages. This research used one aspects of Balaghah, tauriyah, and spoke about alQur‟an‟s passages which contains tauriyah style dan the secret behind its using. The objects of this research come from al-Qur‟an‟s passages using style of language/balaghah analysis, especially Ilmu Badi‟ which concentrated to beauty of meaning (muhassinaat ma’nawiyyah)  and importance of understanding tauriyah for another studies focused their object based on al-Qur‟an, directly or not. This paper find that there are at least 10 passages which contains tauriyah in al-Qur‟an, they are al-Baqarah: 143, al-An‟am: 60, at-Taubah: 21, Yunus: 92, Yusuf: 42, Yusuf: 96, Thaha: 5, adz-Dzariyat: 47, ar-Rahman: 6 and  al-Ghasiyah: 8.  This number of passages erase the old paradigm that recognite only 3 passages in alAn‟am: 60, Thaha: 5 and adz-Dzariyat: 47. Understanding tauriyah became important in Tafsir studiy and isthinbatu’l ahkaam in Ushu‟l Fiqh field, even became one of obligatory requirements for mujtahid.