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This descriptive research aims to shed light the general portrait of the utilization of EnglishScore as an international standardized test. It also intends to describe the test takers’ insights on the use of EnglishScore application. Eighty-two participants involved in this study. Questionnaire was employed to collect the data. The data were analyzed by Miles, et al Model consisting of collection, classification, description, and conclusion. The results imply that EnglishScore is an ideal and innovative English test and it is valid to use to measure the test takers’ English proficiency level since it is aligned with CEFR. Thus, it facilitates a better understanding and achievement of the test takers’ English proficiency.

This study examines the optimization of Ramadan fasting education through worship simulation to instill patience values in third-grade students at SDN 04 Birugo, Bukittinggi. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected via classroom observations, interviews with Islamic education teachers, and documentation of learning activities. The findings reveal that worship simulations, designed to mimic real fasting practices, significantly enhanced students' enthusiasm, understanding of Ramadan’s spiritual significance, and behavioral changes reflecting patience. Students demonstrated improved self-control, discipline, and social cooperation during and after the simulations. Teachers reported that experiential learning through simulations facilitated deeper engagement compared to conventional methods, enabling students to internalize abstract values through concrete experiences. Key recommendations include integrating simulations into Islamic education curricula, providing teacher training, and fostering parental involvement to reinforce learned values. This study highlights the effectiveness of simulation-based learning in fostering holistic religious and moral development, advocating its adoption as an innovative pedagogical tool in primary Islamic education.

This study aims to analyze students' entrepreneurial interest as a mediation of the influence of entrepreneurship education, digital literacy and social media on the success of student entrepreneurs at FEB UNY. This study is a comparative causal research with a quantitative approach. The subjects of the study were PE FEB UNY students. The population was 175 and the sample was 122. The sampling technique was probability sampling. Data analysis used path analysis. Results of the study; There is a positive and significant influence of entrepreneurship education, digital literacy, social media on students' entrepreneurial interest. There is a negative and significant influence of entrepreneurship education, digital literacy, social media on the success of student entrepreneurs. There is a positive and significant influence of students' entrepreneurial interest on the success of student entrepreneurs. There is a significant influence of entrepreneurship education, digital literacy, social media on the success of student entrepreneurs through the mediation of students' entrepreneurial interest. The success of student entrepreneurs does not only depend on the resources they have, but how these resources are managed and utilized, especially through high entrepreneurial interest. Entrepreneurship education provides knowledge and skills, while digital literacy and social media provide tools to access information and reach markets. Entrepreneurial interest serves as a link that optimizes the use of these resources, enabling students to be more proactive and innovative in running their businesses

Shariah banking has developed rapidly over the past few decades, but the development of shariah banking services is still not optimal. This article aims to analyze the development of shariah banking services from the perspective of Maqasid Syariah. The research findings indicate that the development of shariah banking services must be based on the principles of Maqasid Syariah, namely protecting religion, life, intellect, progeny, and wealth. This article also finds that shariah banking services that meet the principles of Maqasid Syariah can increase public trust in shariah banking and improve community welfare.. Therefore, shariah banks must develop more innovative services that meet community needs based on the principles of Maqasid Syariah.

The on the spot mobile sub-district service program (POSKAMLING) is an innovative service in Gedangan sub-district, Sidoarjo Regency which aims to bring direct services closer to the community in the form of mobile services. This article aims to determine the Evaluation of the POSKAMLING Program (On The Spot Mobile Sub-district Service) in Gedangan Sub-district, Sidoarjo Regency. The problem is focused on Program Evaluation. The data analysis uses Milles' analysis technique. Hubernman and Salda 2014. The theoretical reference used is William N Dunn's theory (2003), which consists of Effectiveness, Efficiency, Adequacy, Leveling, Responsiveness, and Accuracy. The informants of this study involved key informants including the Gedangan Sub-district Computer Administrator and the Population and Civil Registration Service Staff in the Population Administration Information System Management Section. Based on the research results, the POSKAMLING Program is said to be very effective and efficient because the service makes it easier for the community. This program has proven to be right on target and satisfies community groups. However, in the efficiency criteria there are shortcomings and obstacles in the implementation of the POSKAMLING Program such as late delivery of forms. So that makes people wait a long time in the process of managing population documents.

This study aims to explore the strategic role of teachers in building students' enthusiasm for learning amidst modern challenges, such as technological developments, the impact of the pandemic, and social change. The research methodology uses library research with content analysis to review relevant literature on learning strategies and student motivation. The results of the study indicate that the role of teachers as facilitators, motivators, inspirators, guides, and evaluators is very influential in increasing students' learning motivation. Innovative and adaptive teachers are able to create a fun, relevant, and interactive learning environment, so that students are more motivated to learn. This study highlights the importance of professional training for teachers and the integration of educational technology to overcome obstacles faced in the learning process.

The present study targets carrying out an analysis of economic and environmental returns as an effect of the adoption of a circular economy in Italy. Some of the key concepts it focuses on are promotion of private circular investment, export of recyclable material, use of circular material, eco-innovation, material footprint, and contribution of renewable energy to the total energy. The present study is supported by the systematic analysis of international data related to the role of circular economy in increasing economic efficiency and reducing environmental costs. The results highlight that private circular investment is highly relevant for the creation of new opportunities for economic development and supporting new, innovative sectors, such as recycling technologies. The results also underlined that eco-innovation plays a crucial role in improving resource efficiency, material footprint reduction, and renewable energy. The study confirms that the circular economy can be a strategic opportunity for Italy to further contribute to renewable energy and to reduce its imported natural resources dependence in a way that is both sustainable and economically competitive. The present study provides valuable insights for decision-makers and policymakers to promote circular economy strategies at national and international levels.

This research aims to explore the planning strategies implemented by teachers in improving students' vocabulary skills in teaching English. Vocabulary is an important component in language learning which influences students' communication skills and text comprehension. This research analyzes the various approaches used by teachers to develop students' vocabulary, as well as the challenges faced in planning and implementing these strategies in the classroom. Data was obtained through interviews with teachers, classroom observations, and analysis of learning implementation plan (RPP) documents. The research results show that strategies such as the use of visual media, contextual teaching, and regular repetition of vocabulary have proven effective in improving students' vocabulary skills. In addition, the teacher's role in creating an environment that supports vocabulary learning is very important in helping students master new words. This research provides insight for English teachers in planning more effective and innovative teaching to improve students' vocabulary skills.

Education in the modern era requires innovative approaches to address challenges such as ensuring equal comprehension among students. The Moving Class Mastery Learning (MCML) system implemented by MA Al Irsyad Berbasis Pesantren combines moving class and mastery learning approaches. MCML ensures students deeply understand concepts before progressing to new material, supported by digital technology and specialized teacher training. Initial results show significant improvements in learning motivation and student achievement, with 85% achieving optimal mastery levels. As a pesantren-based institution, MA Al Irsyad integrates the national curriculum with religious studies, emphasizing character education, entrepreneurship, bilingual programs, and local cultural arts training. Comprehensive evaluations ensure academic and character development. This approach reflects MA Al Irsyad's commitment to nurturing religious, competent individuals ready to meet global challenges.

Task scheduling in cloud computing environments is a crucial aspect in optimizing resource allocation and improving system efficiency. This research aims to analyze trends in task scheduling algorithms in cloud computing using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach on various scientific publications published between 2018 and 2025. The results of the study show that Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), and Genetic Algorithm (GA) algorithms are the most commonly used methods in solving task scheduling problems. PSO stands out as an effective algorithm due to its ability to find global optimal solutions, handle non-linear and multimodal problems, and its efficiency in managing computational resources. Additionally, various studies have shown that optimization of scheduling algorithms can be achieved through a combination or modification of existing methods to improve system performance. This study provides in-depth insights into the development of scheduling algorithms in cloud computing and opens up opportunities for further research in developing more innovative and adaptive approaches.

The business world has undergone a major transformation as a result of the digital era, and this is also true for Indonesian MSMEs. While MSMEs play an important role in the economy, many of them still struggle to adjust to the rapid changes brought about by digital technology. MSMEs must be able to adapt to the increasingly fierce business competition to meet evolving consumer expectations. To stay relevant and compete in a dynamic market, MSMEs must quickly go digital as digitalization increases consumer expectations of service quality and shopping experience. The aim is to provide a Strategy for Improving Product and Service Quality in facing the challenges of digitalization. The method used has three stages, namely preparation, implementation and evaluation. Service activities provide implementation around strengthening digital marketing, product innovation, improving product quality, developing human resources, and opening collaborations with other parties that allow MSMEs to face challenges in this digitalization era. The results obtained are products that are easily accessible, innovative, and of high quality, and can adjust quickly to advances in digital technology.

This study examines the utilization of interactive PowerPoint as a learning media to enhance students' active participation in Pancasila subjects, specifically the material of Bhineka Tunggal Ika, using a descriptive qualitative research method. The primary objective of this study is to understand how interactive PowerPoint can be implemented in the learning process and how its use affects students' involvement in the classroom. The research was conducted at SMK PGRI 3 Kota Serang involving 43 tenth-grade multimedia students and one Pancasila teacher as participants. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with teachers and students, observations during the learning process, and analysis of documentation related to the implementation of interactive PowerPoint. Observations were conducted to assess classroom dynamics, student participation levels, and interactions that occurred during learning sessions. The results of the analysis indicate that the use of interactive PowerPoint significantly increased student involvement in learning. Students showed greater interest and actively participated in discussions and activities presented through PowerPoint. Teachers also reported that the material delivered with the help of interactive PowerPoint was easier to understand and more interesting for students. Several PowerPoint features, such as interactive quizzes and animations, proved effective in facilitating the understanding of the concept of Bhineka Tunggal Ika. This study concludes that interactive PowerPoint is an effective tool for enhancing students' active participation in Pancasila learning. The use of this media not only increases student involvement but also assists teachers in delivering material in a more engaging and interactive manner. These findings provide valuable insights into the integration of technology in education and offer recommendations for the development of more innovative learning methods.  

Abstract. Pedagogical competence is the main ability that educators must have to manage learning effectively. This research aims to discuss the meaning of pedagogical competence, the application of learning theories, and the role of information and communication technology in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning. The research method used is literature analysis and theoretical study. The research results show that pedagogical competence includes the ability to understand student characteristics, design learning, and carry out comprehensive evaluations. The application of learning theories, such as behavioristic, cognitive, constructivist and humanistic, has been proven to support the effectiveness of PAI learning. Behavioristics helps build positive habits, cognitive improves deep understanding, constructivists encourage active participation, and humanistics develops students' potential holistically. Apart from that, the use of information and communication technology, such as e-learning, video conferencing and multimedia, is able to encourage learning that is innovative, interactive and in line with the needs of students in the digital era. Thus, the development of PAI teachers' pedagogical competence needs to continue to be improved through targeted training, optimal use of technology, and strengthening learning strategies to produce learning that is relevant to the needs of the times Abstrak Kompetensi pedagogik adalah kemampuan utama yang harus dimiliki oleh pendidik untuk mengelola pembelajaran secara efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas pengertian kompetensi pedagogik, penerapan teori belajar, serta peran teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis literatur dan kajian teoritis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi pedagogik mencakup kemampuan memahami karakteristik peserta didik, merancang pembelajaran, serta melakukan evaluasi secara komprehensif. Penerapan teori belajar, seperti behavioristik, kognitif, konstruktivistik, dan humanistik, terbukti mendukung efektivitas pembelajaran PAI. Behavioristik membantu membangun kebiasaan positif, kognitif meningkatkan pemahaman mendalam, konstruktivistik mendorong partisipasi aktif, dan humanistik mengembangkan potensi siswa secara holistik. Selain itu, pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, seperti e-learning, video konferensi, dan multimedia, mampu mendorong pembelajaran yang inovatif, interaktif, dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan peserta didik di era digital. Dengan demikian, pengembangan kompetensi pedagogik guru PAI perlu terus ditingkatkan melalui pelatihan yang terarah, penggunaan teknologi secara optimal, dan penguatan strategi pembelajaran untuk menghasilkan pembelajaran yang relevan dengan kebutuhan zaman.

This study aims to analyze the role of MGMPS in improving teachers' pedagogical and professional competencies at UPT SMPN Garaupa No. 13 Selayar Islands. This research is a qualitative study with a descriptive approach. The subjects in this study were supervisors, principals, MGMPS leaders, and 3 Integrated Social Studies teachers. Data collection techniques in this study used interviews, observation, and documentation while the data analysis techniques used included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results showed that the School Level Subject Teacher Conference (MGMPS) at UPT SMPN Garaupa No. 13 Selayar Islands has an important role in improving teachers' pedagogical and professional competencies. Through this forum, teachers gain a better understanding of the curriculum, improve their teaching skills and share knowledge through collaborative learning. MGMPS also introduces innovative learning methods and supports the mastery of teaching strategies that suit students' needs. Barriers such as limited resources, low teacher participation and difficulties in program planning are overcome with resource support, increased motivation and relevant mentoring. Other solutions include external collaboration for training, strategies to increase participation and technical support in curriculum planning. These efforts are expected to increase the effectiveness of MGMPS in developing teachers' competencies on an ongoing basis..

This research explores the relationship between self-leadership, knowledge sharing, and innovative work behavior within higher education institutions. In the context of globalization and digitalization, innovation is essential for enhancing the competitiveness of educational entities. Self-leadership is pivotal as it motivates individuals to pursue goals independently, while knowledge sharing acts as a mediator that fosters collaboration and information exchange among individuals. The study employs a literature review methodology to analyze various relevant sources, revealing that the development of self-leadership and a culture of knowledge sharing significantly enhances innovative work behavior, ultimately contributing to improved educational quality and institutional competitiveness. The findings offer valuable insights for academic leaders aiming to cultivate an environment conducive to innovation.

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of using the Quiz application as an interactive learning medium to enhance cooperation, creativity, and critical thinking skills among fourth-grade elementary school students (SD/MI). The Classroom Action Research (CAR) method was employed to analyze the impact of digital quiz-based learning on students. The study was conducted over two cycles, which included planning, action, observation, and reflection. The results indicated that the use of the Quiz application could improve student cooperation through interaction and group collaboration, foster creativity through innovative problem-solving, and enhance critical thinking skills through analysis and evaluation of issues. Improvement was reflected in the average achievement scores for indicators of cooperation, creativity, and critical thinking, which reached 85%, 82%, and 80% respectively in the second cycle. This research concludes that the Quiz application, as an interactive learning medium, can create a dynamic, enjoyable, and meaningful learning atmosphere, and is relevant to the needs of today's digital generation.

Literacy competency is an essential competency for every individual. Good literacy skills can direct individuals to think more wisely, carefully, as well as creatively and innovatively. However, the literacy competence of some people is still not optimal. The aim of implementing this community service is to increase the literacy competency of elementary, middle and high school students in the city of Medan. The number of employees who take part in literacy assistance activities is 30. The assistance method used consists of three stages, namely: planning, implementation and monitoring and evaluation. Planning is carried out by making initial observations through test and non-test activities. Implementation activities are carried out by providing understanding and practice of reading and writing literacy. Monitoring activities are carried out by integrating the participants' competency progress in reading and writing literacy. The mentoring activities that have been carried out can improve the participants' abilities in receptive and productive literacy in the community. The participants were able to reflect on the results of receptive literacy in various creative works as a form of productive competence.

Learning discrete mathematics, particularly on the topic of equivalence in propositional logic using propositional algebra laws, often presents challenges for students due to its abstract nature and the logical thinking skills required. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of using ChatGPT as a learning aid to enhance students' understanding of this topic. The research employed a quantitative method with a post-test only control group design, involving two groups of students: an experimental group using ChatGPT and a control group utilizing conventional learning methods. Data were collected through a post-learning achievement test. The results showed that the average score of the experimental group (85.47) was significantly higher than that of the control group (66.78). The independent t-test results yielded a significance value of < 0.05, indicating a significant difference in learning outcomes between the two groups. Furthermore, the calculation of Cohen's d showed a value of 0.959, categorized as a large effect size. These findings indicate that the use of ChatGPT as a learning aid has a significant impact on students' learning outcomes. With its interactive and responsive features, ChatGPT helps students grasp complex propositional logic material more easily. This study recommends utilizing AI-based technologies like ChatGPT as an innovative learning strategy, particularly for abstract topics in discrete mathematics.

The development program for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Punti Village, Soromandi District, represents a strategic step in improving the local economy. This study aims to analyze the impact of entrepreneurship workshops conducted through the Thematic Community Service Program (KKN-T) by STIE Bima. The methods employed include observation, interviews, and participatory evaluation to assess the changes in MSMEs' capacities. The findings revealed an increase in participants' understanding and skills in business management and the emergence of innovative local products. This program contributes significantly to strengthening the village's economic resilience.

In the competitive business world, organizational culture is a key factor affecting employee performance, especially in startup companies that often face challenges in growth and innovation. This study aims to analyze the influence of organizational culture on employee performance in startup companies, focusing on elements such as communication, collaboration, and managerial support. A strong organizational culture is believed to increase employee motivation and productivity, which in turn will contribute to the company's success. The results show that a positive organizational culture, including collaborative, innovative, and open values, contributes significantly to increased employee motivation and productivity. Employees who engage in a positive organizational culture tend to be more productive and have a higher retention rate because they feel supported by their company. The practical implication of this study is that startup companies need to actively create and build a productive work atmosphere to increase employee motivation.