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The goal to be achieved is to find out the use of spin wheel learning media on heroism material on class learning outcomes. This research is class action research (action research). This research was conducted in the form of cycles, each cycle consisting of several components, namely the stages of preparation, planning, implementation of action, observation and monitoring, reflection, evaluation and revision and conclusion of the results. The data validation process is carried out by asking for an assessment of experts and practitioners regarding the content and outline of the written test which is used as a data collection tool, so that the tool is used to measure student abilities. The use of the spin wheel learning model is proven to improve student learning outcomes. The learning process on the subject matter of heroism from the aspects of teachers and students can be achieved because from cycle to cycle there is reflection and improvement through good collaboration between researchers and observers. This result can be achieved because of this cooperation in designing, implementing, observing, and reflecting on cycles for two cycles. Improving mathematics learning outcomes through the spin wheel learning model in heroism material can be achieved.

Education is a key element in the development of society and the nation. Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Raudlatul Mutaallimin Pandean Paiton Probolinggo faces challenges in evaluating student learning outcomes during distance learning. Technological limitations have prompted the search for innovative solutions. The goal of this service effort is to improve the quality of student learning outcome evaluations by utilizing Google Drive and Google Form applications in distance learning. Teachers are empowered through intensive training, workshops, and mentoring, including the use of Google Drive and Google Form in teaching and evaluation question development techniques. Active interaction and knowledge sharing occur during training, which has successfully enhanced teachers' knowledge and skills in creating evaluation instruments with Google Form. The final survey results show a significant improvement, with 87% of respondents experiencing improvement. They are now able to design evaluation instruments more effectively during distance learning. The use of Google Drive and Google Form as evaluation tools opens up opportunities for improving the quality of education. Recommendations for the future include continuing to support teachers, deepening the integration of technology in the learning process, and expanding training to enhance the effectiveness of learning at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Raudlatul Mutaallimin Pandean Paiton Probolinggo..

This study aims to evaluate the positive influence of Integrated Education on body mineral balance and bone health in sufferers of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). An experimental research design with a control group was used. The research subjects involved sufferers of stage 3-4 CKD, who were divided into an intervention group (receiving Integrated Education) and a control group (no intervention). Research parameters include levels of calcium, phosphorus, parathormone, bone mineral density, as well as patient knowledge and behavior. Findings: Increased Knowledge: The intervention group experienced a significant increase in knowledge related to CKD management compared to the control group, Positive Behavioral Changes: Patients who took part in the integrated education program showed more positive behavioral changes, including medication adherence, a healthy diet, and a healthy lifestyle, Improvement in Mineral and Bone Disorder Parameters: The intervention group showed significant improvement in calcium, phosphorus and parathormone levels. Bone mineral density also increased significantly. Clinical Implications: The results of the study suggest that Integrated Education can be an effective approach in improving CKD management, with a positive impact on the body's mineral balance and bone health. Conclusion: Integrated education has a significant influence on knowledge, behavior and mineral and bone balance parameters in CKD sufferers. Implementation of this program can improve CKD management and prevent complications related to mineral and bone disorders. Recommendation: Further research could explore the long-term effects of Integrated Education, consider variations in individual responses, and involve a wider sample group.

This study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) technique in enhancing reading comprehension among the eleventh-grade students at SMKN 1 Keruak during the academic year 2023-2024. A pre-experimental research design was employed, with 33 students from a single class serving as the sample. Data was collected through pre- and post-tests in the form of objective assessments, and analyzed for mean scores, standard deviation, normality, and homogeneity using SPSS 17.0 for Windows. The findings revealed that the mean score for the pre-test was 14.12, which improved to 17.18 for the post-test. The two-tailed t-test resulted in t(df=32) = -15.750 with p=0.000, indicating a significant improvement. This suggests that the Collaborative Strategic Reading technique had a noteworthy impact in enhancing reading comprehension for the eleventh graders of SMKN 1 Keruak in the academic year 2023-2024.

Mathematics is a scientific field that investigates formless structures and forms of interaction within them. Mathematical interaction is a powerful tool used to express mathematical opinions verbally or in writing. The Think-Talk-Write (TTW) learning approach is designed to facilitate the construction, reflection, and organization of new mathematical views. This study aims to explore the efficacy of using TTW learning examples as a tactic to enhance the quality of students' mathematical communication, and to assess the impact of this approach. In order to achieve these goals, researchers used classroom action research in two stages of testing. The study involved 21 students in grade VIII at SMP Parulian 1 Medan. The initial ability test revealed that the students' mathematical communication ability scores were 34.2%. After conducting test activities in cycle I, the average mathematical communication ability of students rose to 36.8%. In the second cycle (II), the percentage result increased to 88%. The results of the research demonstrate that students in Class VIII at SMP Parulian 1 Medan experience a significant improvement in their mathematical communication skills through learning via the Think-Talk-Write model. We can conclude that this approach is an effective way to enhance students' mathematical communication skills.    

According to data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2021, the presentation of exclusive breastfeeding to infants showed an improvement from the previous year, from 69.62% to 71.58%. However, most provinces have a percentage below the national average, including Gorontalo (52.75%), Central Kalimantan (55.98%), West Papua (58.77%), Riau Islands (58.84%), DKI Jakarta 65.63%, Aceh (66.66%) and North Sumatra (57.83%). (Monavia, 2021). This study aims to identify the relationship between oxytocin massage and smooth breastfeeding for postpartum mothers in Tomuan Village, Siantar Timur District, Simalungun Regency in 2023.Type of quantitative research with cross sectional design. This study was conducted on a sample of 20 postpartum. To measure the characteristics of the respondents used a data collection form, to measure oxytocin massage with the smooth expulsion of breast milk in postpartum mothers respondents used a questionnaire.Based on the relationship between oxytocin massage and smooth breastfeeding in postpartum mothers, a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05) was obtained which indicated that there was a significant relationship between oxytocin massage and smooth breastfeeding in postpartum mothers in Tomuan Village, Siantar Timur District, Simalungun Regency . Thus Ho is rejected, the correlation strength (r) = 0.014.The relationship between oxytocin massage and the smoothness of breastfeeding in postpartum mothers in the Tomuan Village, Siantar Timur District, Simalungun Regency, a category that has done oxytocin massage. It is recommended for postpartum mothers to do oxytine massage optimally so that breastfeeding can flow smoothly in Tomuan Village, East Siantar District, Simalungun Regency    

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of using TikTok application in improving speaking skill for EFL learners. The research design employs pre-experimental research with the sample of 25 students. The technique data collection was done by administering pre-test and post-test. This research used descriptive statistic Paired Sample T-Test to analyze the data. The mean score of pre-test was 46.6 and 71.4 for post-test. Based on the statistical analysis, it showed that the use of TikTok application give a good impact for the students speaking skill because the mean score of post-test was higher than pre-test. In testing hypothesis, it was found that the significance value of the result of TikTok application thought self-introduction was 0.00 lower than 0.05, so the hypothesis was accepted. Additionally, some improvements were seen after the treatment such as “I em” to be “I am”, “lipe” to be “live” and other vocabulary items. In conclusion, TikTok application was significantly effective in improving speaking skill for EFL learners at X grade in SMK Unwanul Falah NWDI Paok Lombok.

The purpose of this research is to determine whether there is an improvement in the learning outcomes of Christian Religious Education and Character Education for students who are taught using visual PowerPoint learning media compared to those taught without visual PowerPoint learning media in class IX at SMP Negeri 2 Nainggolan for the academic year 2023/2024. This research employed an experimental method, specifically the Posttest-Only Control design. The population consisted of all ninth-grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Nainggolan who were Protestant Christians for the academic year 2023/2024, totaling 85 students. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, with the condition that the experimental learning material was taught in these classes. Class IX-1, with 30 students, was designated as the experimental group, while class IX-2, also with 30 students, served as the control group. The research instrument comprised a 40-item test. The t-test used was the Separated Variance t-test, in accordance with the analysis requirements, where n1 = n2, and the variances of both sample groups were homogenous. The results of the hypothesis testing showed that the calculated t-value was 16.39, which was greater than the critical t-value (α = 0.05; df = n1 + n2 - 2 = 58) = 1.671. Therefore, the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected, and the alternative hypothesis (H1) was accepted. This research concludes that the learning outcomes of Christian Religious Education and Character Education for students who were taught using visual PowerPoint learning media are higher than those taught without visual PowerPoint learning media in class IX at SMP Negeri 2 Nainggolan for the academic year 2023/2024.

MTs Darul Ikhlash is one of the educational institutions in South Sangatta which is equipped with various school facilities and infrastructure. Some of the data management processes for facilities and infrastructure at MTs Darul Ikhlash still run manually and some are in the form of files, but there is no system that accommodates the facilities and infrastructure processes as a whole. So it is difficult for the deputy head of facilities and infrastructure to find out and search for data held by the school, as well as control the inventory of facilities and infrastructure, especially those in condition that can be replaced for further improvement. The aim of this research is to design and build a website-based information system for facilities and infrastructure that is used to simplify the process of collecting data on facilities and infrastructure at MTs Darul Ikhlash so that management becomes more effective and efficient. This information system planning was created using the waterfall method. This research has produced a web-based Facilities and Infrastructure Information System for Data Collection and Loans at MTs Darul Ikhlash, which will make it easier for the school to recapitulate facility and infrastructure inventory data more quickly and accurately.    

MTs Darul Ikhlash is one of the educational institutions in South Sangatta which is equipped with various school facilities and infrastructure. Some of the data management processes for facilities and infrastructure at MTs Darul Ikhlash still run manually and some are in the form of files, but there is no system that accommodates the facilities and infrastructure processes as a whole. So it is difficult for the deputy head of facilities and infrastructure to find out and search for data held by the school, as well as control the inventory of facilities and infrastructure, especially those in condition that can be replaced for further improvement. The aim of this research is to design and build a website-based information system for facilities and infrastructure that is used to simplify the process of collecting data on facilities and infrastructure at MTs Darul Ikhlash so that management becomes more effective and efficient. This information system planning was created using the waterfall method. This research has produced a web-based Facilities and Infrastructure Information System for Data Collection and Loans at MTs Darul Ikhlash, which will make it easier for the school to recapitulate facility and infrastructure inventory data more quickly and accurately.    

One of the world's most famous native Indonesian cultures is batik. A good batik industry must be able to produce superior batik according to market needs with quality standards, the environment, human rights and employment issues. Batik craftsmen have weak tools, use velvet chemicals, handle water and a high amount of water, and are inefficient in handling wax and other processing agents. Batik Seni Pendopo is one of the batik businesses that practices GSCM. Dokani Svetsini needs to manage mezimuzi kineria green manufacturing at Batik Seni Pendopo so that it can continue to operate its business, maintain the surrounding environment, and implement the proposed semparikan persang mezimuzi results consistently. This research uses a qualitative case study type, using the green SCOR and AHP methods. From the results of Mezurisi Ergirden, the performance value is 77.43, which means good. Of the 13 KPIs, there are several KPIs that have unsatisfactory performance, namely energy use, waste produced by % of products produced, production costs, installation costs, waste management, efficiency, stamping, batik canting. Improvements that are important in this business are minimizing the handling of electricity, handling raw materials for candle wax and water, managing candle wax for business income, modifying the management so that the cash that goes to Milan can be milled, and where farmers design and canting so that the production process is faster.

Diabetes Mellitus, DM, refers to chronic metabolic problems indicated by hyperglycemia condition. This matter influences complications on the feet. Foot care education is a diabetic education to treat the feet excellently and correctly by providing audiovisual media. This research analyzed the influence of foot care education taught by audiovisual media toward the improvement of DM knowledge of DM patients. This quasi-experimental research used a control group design. The sampling technique was incidental sampling with 60 respondents. The Wilcoxon test result obtained a p-value of 0.0001 lower than 0.05. The result indicated the influence of foot care education with audiovisual media on the DM knowledge improvement of the patients. The researchers expect future researchers to apply foot care education with audiovisual media to prevent diabetic foot cases.

Employee performance measures the success of an organization in achieving its mission and completing a task. The work culture must be designed in such a way that it achieves the goals of the organization and at the same time realizes the individual goals of employees. Competence can affect the improvement of the performance of an employee when the employee has good competence in a professional attitude such as having a cooperative relationship with a colleague in completing a job. The research method used in this research is statistical quantitative. The population in this study is the entire employee of NISD & Partners with a total population of 36 employees. The data collection technique used is a survey method by spreading the questionnaire. The research uses data analysis methods such as validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, double linear regression test and hypothesis test. Data analysis uses the IMB program SPSS Statistic Ver. 25. The results of this study show that work culture variables have a positive and significant influence on employee performance.

Mathematics anxiety has long been recognized as a barrier to student achievement, particularly in an era where digital technologies are reshaping education. This study aims to investigate the role of cognitive psychology in modern mathematics learning as a means of reducing math anxiety and enhancing numerical creativity among digital generation learners. Employing an experimental classroom design informed by neuroeducation principles, the research explored how interventions rooted in cognitive regulation, emotional control, and cognitive load management influence student outcomes. Data were collected through pre-test and post-test instruments measuring levels of math anxiety and creativity in numerical problem-solving. The findings demonstrate a significant reduction in mathematics anxiety following the implementation of the neuroeducation-based intervention. Simultaneously, students exhibited marked improvements in creative approaches to numerical challenges, indicating that addressing psychological factors is essential to unlocking mathematical potential. These results highlight the importance of integrating cognitive psychology into mathematics instruction, moving beyond procedural learning toward a holistic approach that considers students’ emotional and cognitive states. The implications extend to educators, curriculum designers, and policymakers, suggesting that modern mathematics education should balance cognitive development, emotional well-being, and creative problem-solving skills to prepare students for the challenges of a rapidly evolving digital world.

This qualitative study aims to investigate the level of financial literacy and management proficiency among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The research employs a descriptive qualitative research design to explore the perceptions and practices of MSME owners or managers regarding financial matters. A purposive sampling technique is utilized to select participants, focusing on MSMEs operating in diverse industries and geographical locations. Data analysis involves thematic analysis, enabling the identification of recurring themes and patterns in participants' responses. The findings of this study provide insights into the financial knowledge and skills of MSMEs, highlighting potential areas for improvement and intervention. Ultimately, this research contributes to the understanding of the financial behaviors and challenges faced by MSMEs, aiding policymakers and stakeholders in developing targeted support programs and initiatives.    

This book review examines the impact of integrating Bloom's Taxonomy into entrepreneurship education on the competitiveness and performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Through a comprehensive analysis of literature, empirical evidence, and expert opinions, the review highlights the significance of this pedagogical approach in fostering critical thinking, problem-solving, and innovation skills among entrepreneurship students. Empirical studies demonstrate improvements in students' competencies and learning outcomes following exposure to Bloom's Taxonomy-aligned curricula. Case studies, such as the Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India (EDII), provide evidence of the practical relevance of this approach in addressing challenges faced by MSMEs. Expert opinions underscore the importance of preparing students for the dynamic demands of the entrepreneurial ecosystem through curriculum designs that prioritize higher-order cognitive skills development. Overall, the review emphasizes the transformative potential of Bloom's Taxonomy integration in shaping the future of entrepreneurship education and enhancing the competitiveness of MSMEs in global markets.

In the current era of globalization, foreign cultures can enter freely and influence students so that the value of nationalism in students fades, this is indicated by the behavior of students who deviate from the objectives of national education, especially when the teacher does not innovate the learning model used can cause students to be bored during learning. This study aims to determine the effect of the VCT learning model on the nationalism attitude of students and the difference in increasing the attitude of nationalism between classes using the VCT model and classes using conventional methods. This research uses a quasi-experimental method with a quantitative approach using a Non-equivalent control group design, the subjects of this research are students of grades VA and VB SDN Pantai Bahagia 01 in the 2022/2023 school year. The instruments used in this research are observation, test and questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that the effect of the VCT model on the nationalism attitude of students can be seen from the N-Gain test which states that the experimental class obtained the N-Gain value in the medium category, meaning that it experienced a moderate increase, while the control class obtained the N-Gain value in the low category, meaning that it did not experience an increase. The difference in improvement can be seen from the average value of the pretest and posttest of the experimental class which is greater than the control class supported by the mann whitney test which states that there is a difference in increasing the attitude of nationalism between the experimental class and the control class.

The purpose of this research is to (1) Analyze the interior design factors that affect the comfort of library users in the layout on the second and third floors of the Padang State University Central Library. (2) Analyze the application of interior design layout to the comfort of library users on the second and third floors of the Padang State University Central Library. (3) Analyzing the obstacles in the application of interior design to the comfort of visitors on the second and third floors of the Central Library of Padang State University.This research uses descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The sample in this study were visitors to the Central Library of Padang State University using purposive sampling technique, the number of samples taken by researchers amounted to 20 samples. The types of data used are primary data and secondary data, techniques and data collection tools used questionnaires using a Liker scale to score each question item. The questionnaire was distributed directly to respondents who were met at the Padang State University Central Library.The results of this study are analyzing interior design factors that affect the comfort of the library users have an average score of more than 3.40 which means that the library users already feel comfortable in the Central library of Padang State University. Analyzing the application of interior design layout to the comfort of the library users has an average score of more than 3.50 which means that the library users already feel comfortable in the Central library of Padang State University. While analyzing the obstacles in the application of interior design to the comfort of the visitors with the results of an average score of more than 2.60 which means that they quite agree with the statement that there is still a lack in the application of walls, ceilings, and furnishings (furntutre). So additions and improvements are needed such as walls, ceilings and furniture in the Padang State University Central Library.

STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) improvements in education, as well as PAUD teacher inability to effectively use the resources at their disposal despite their simplicity in the classroom. Using active and creative learning approaches, the implementation of learning in STEAM-based PAUD is designed to encourage children's creativity. The method's activities included a pre-test to gauge PAUD teachers' familiarity with the STEAM learning approach, instruction about STEAM resources after that, and training or group practice in creating STEAM-based learning resources. introducing new information, since PAUD teachers did not previously comprehend what STEAM was, They understand now it, and because it combines the five knowledges with basic tools and materials, they can develop it for use as an engaging method of instruction in the future.

UMKM Laziza Bakery & Cake is a company that produces various types of bread. Based on work accident data collection in this study, the company was faced with several problems in the production department, one of which was that the hands were exposed to heat from the oven. This happens due to several factors, including human factors and machine factors. the design of recommendations or proposed improvements is made based on the hazard (potential hazard) that occurs. The Hazard And Operability method aims to overcome this problem, with the hope that it can reduce the risk of work accidents at the UMKM Laziza Bakery & Cake. We can see that the hazard sources for the production machine category from the 6 production machines used have a medium risk level of 4 on mixer machines, mixing machines, packing machines, and cutting machines. For hazard sources for facility design, there are 2 factors that have a medium risk level, namely PPE posters and equipment arrangement. Then for the source of hazard the attitude of workers has a risk level extreme with the category of potential hazards caused by potential hazards (hazard) extreme risk and worksheets in the use of PPE in the work area so that workers can immediately read what are the potential hazards they will experience if not using PPE