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Foreign language learning anxiety is a prevalent emotional phenomenon among English major students that significantly impacts their learning effectiveness and motivation. This study comprehensively examines the definition, classification, causes, and complex effects of foreign language learning anxiety from a theoretical perspective. Through analyzing the interplay of personal factors (such as self-esteem, learning styles, learning motivation) and environmental factors (such as teaching methods, classroom atmosphere, test pressure, cultural differences), it reveals the multidimensional nature of foreign language learning anxiety. The research indicates that this anxiety not only reduces learners' motivation and efficiency but also interferes with their cognitive processes, affects the development of speaking and listening skills, and even negatively impacts their physical and mental health. To address this issue, based on the Affective Filter Hypothesis, Humanistic Psychology, Constructivist Learning Theory, and Social Interaction Theory, this study proposes educational intervention strategies, including optimizing curriculum design, improving teaching evaluation systems, establishing psychological counseling mechanisms, and strengthening the emotional support function of teachers. These strategies aim to create a positive, interactive learning environment to help students overcome anxiety and enhance learning outcomes.

The development of the times influences the education system, including the curriculum, which serves as the foundation for achieving educational goals. This article discusses the importance of the curriculum in enhancing the quality of education, particularly in Islamic Education (PAI), as well as how the curriculum is designed to address societal challenges and student needs. This research employs a qualitative approach and descriptive methods to gather information related to curriculum development, which consists of planning, implementation, and evaluation. The curriculum is dynamic and contextual, emphasizing the involvement of relevant parties in adjustments according to social and cultural conditions. The article also explains the design of educational programs, which includes objectives, content, learning experiences, and evaluation, as well as the principles that must be adhered to in curriculum design. Thus, the role of teachers as educators and implementers of the curriculum significantly impacts the quality of learning, making the collaboration between education policy and field practice a key factor in achieving educational success.

The Danish education system is an example of an inclusive and individual development-oriented education model, with an emphasis on active and collaborative learning. Primary education in the country is compulsory and free of charge, allowing all children to have equal access to quality education. One of the main strengths of this system is the pedagogical approach that emphasizes creativity, critical thinking, and social skills, which prepares students to face the challenges of the modern world. However, behind these successes, there are some shortcomings, such as inequities in academic achievement among different socio-economic groups and criticism of the evaluation system as lacking transparency. Improvement efforts are ongoing to address these issues, including increased training for educators and the development of a curriculum that is more responsive to student needs. Thus, although the Danish education system has many strengths, challenges remain and require attention to ensure equality and fairness in education for all children.    

The results of the researcher's interviews with teachers at Mts Terpadu Berkah revealed that the process of implementing IT-based media and teaching materials runs smoothly, but sometimes the facilities and availability of IT media are still lacking and this is what hinders the effectiveness of implementation. In the interview process conducted on one of the teachers of the Fiqh subject in grade VIII of the material of sahwi prostration, prostration of gratitude and prostration of recitation, the teacher stated that students are still difficult in understanding the procedures or movements of prostration sahwi, prostration and prostration of gratitude. This qualitative descriptive approach is one of the research efforts to understand a phenomenon that occurs in the field so that it can be drawn. The data collection in this observation is through an interview process with one of the teachers of the Fiqh subject so that the researcher can know the data data strongly and can be analyzed and then draw conclusions. With the above statement, it proves that almost 100% of grade VIII students are able to understand the material shown through animated videos coupled with audio captions. With the results of the analysis of IT-based media and teaching materials and collaborating with the media and smart box materials, it proves that the effectiveness has reached 100% for students' understanding of the Fiqh subject in grade VIII at the Integrated Blessing Institution of Palangkaraya. From the results of our observations, we produced data that the use of IT-based media achieved the effectiveness of students' understanding of the material almost 100%, this is evidenced by the addition of games from smartboxes that contain data directly identifying the understanding and effectiveness of the use of animated video media by evaluation through games and this is also a solution in the challenge of teachers to the understanding of students in grade VIII MTs integrated blessings to the procedures of the sahwi prostration movement,  prostration of Thanksgiving and also prostration of Recitation.

Learning planning plays a role in optimizing the use of learning time. Teachers can organize logical learning sequences, prioritize important learning topics, and avoid wasting time. This allows teachers to cover all aspects of learning well. Learning planning also has an impact on learning evaluation. Teachers can plan evaluations that are in line with learning objectives, use valid evaluation instruments, and collect accurate data about student achievement. With a good evaluation, teachers can see to what extent learning objectives are achieved, identify students' weaknesses and strengths, and make necessary improvements in teaching. Overall, learning planning has an important role in improving the quality of teaching. With good planning, teachers can direct teaching more effectively, provide learning experiences that are relevant and appropriate to student needs, and ensure that learning objectives are achieved well.

The implementation of collaborative learning strategies in Islamic religious education (PAI) subjects aims to create a learning environment that is innovative, interactive, and relevant to the needs of students in the digital era. The purpose of this research is to determine the implementation of collaborative learning strategies in creating an innovative learning environment in PAI subjects, the challenges in implementing collaborative learning strategies in PAI lessons, and to determine the use of technology in collaborative learning strategies to create innovative learning environments in PAI subjects. . The results of this research show that collaborative learning strategies in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) create an innovative and interactive learning environment. Methods such as discussions, case studies, and collaborative projects help students apply Islamic values ​​in real life. The implementation of collaborative learning strategies in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) faces challenges such as classroom management, curriculum adjustments, evaluation, and individual differences between students. And the use of technology in PAI collaborative learning creates an innovative and interactive learning environment. Bold platforms and visual media increase student engagement, understanding and digital skills, while teachers create dynamic learning. Technology supports more effective and relevant PAI learning.

Bullying at school is a social problem that has a serious impact, both physically and mentally on students. At MTsN 1 Bekasi City, efforts have been made to prevent bullying through various anti-bullying educational programs, such as introducing the types of bullying, managing emotions, and career preparation. However, innovation is still needed to make anti-bullying educational programs more attractive to students. One potential innovation is the development of interactive educational video-based learning media to increase students' understanding of bullying and encourage student’s active participation in creating a safe and comfortable school environment. This research uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE development model, which includes five stages, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. In the analysis stage, information is collected through field studies and literature studies to identify student’s needs. Next, at the design stage, media design is carried out to facilitate the production of learning media.  The development stage is carried out by realizing the designs that have been designed into interactive video products. The final stage is evaluation, where the media is validated by three material experts and three media experts to assess the suitability of the product. The results of the study indicate that the developed interactive video is highly feasible for use based on validation from experts. The assessment by the media expert resulted in an Aiken index value of 0.8, which falls into the high validity category, while the assessment by the content expert resulted in an Aiken index value of 0.9, which falls into the high validity category.

This research aims to design and develop effective learning media, which is based on animated videos about the importance of tolerance and communication ethics. The method used in this research is qualitative with an R&D (Research and Development) approach. The research subjects involved three material experts, one media expert, as well as Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers and Counseling Guidance (BK) teachers. The results showed that the material feasibility test using the Aiken-V index obtained a value of 0.84, which indicates a very high category and means very feasible. While the results of the media feasibility test reached a value of 1, which also means very high and feasible. Thus, this video-based learning media is very feasible to use to improve students' understanding of religious tolerance and communication ethics. However, there are some evaluations related to this learning media, especially regarding the duration of the video which is considered too long. This can cause students to lose focus and interest. Therefore, it is recommended to revise the duration of the video to make it more concise and concise, so that it can increase the effectiveness of material delivery.

In this modern era, technological advancements have reached their peak, impacting almost every aspect of human life. In education at schools, educators must also be able to provide innovation to their students so that they are more motivated to learn. To do this, educators can use digital technology to create different and still educational learning content, but there are several obstacles faced at SDN 1 Rejosari, namely the lack of a computer lab, resulting in insufficient implementation of technology in the curriculum. Thus, the goal of this community service is to introduce infographics and advertisements using the Canva application, aimed at enhancing the creativity of the students at SDN 1 Rejosari. This community service activity began with the preparation stage, the implementation stage, and the evaluation stage. The results of the evaluation stage showed a percentage of 90 – 100% in understanding the introduction to the material presented, but in practice, only 65% was achieved. Therefore, further action is needed, specifically continuous training on infographic and advertisement design using Canva.

Supervision in the world of education has a very important role to improve the quality of teaching and learning. The supervision process aims to provide guidance, evaluation and support to teaching staff so that they can achieve the educational goals that have been set. This article reviews the basic concepts of supervision in the educational context, identifying the objectives, functions, principles and methods used in implementing educational supervision. It is hoped that this understanding of supervision can provide deeper insight into how to improve the quality of education through an effective supervision process.

This research aims to describe and examine the learning system of the tahfidz programme as well as the methods used by teachers in teaching the memorisation of the Koran in the tahfidz programme at SD Islam Al Azhar 32 Padang.  This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques are structured interviews and observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques are data reduction and data presentation and conclusion drawing. The research subjects were determined by purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the Quran memorising programme at Al Azhar Islamic Elementary School 32 Padang implements a holistic approach such as Quran memorisation, understanding, repetition and time discipline. Every element of the school is always committed to improving quality such as the existence of collaboration groups with parents, daily memorisation and murajaah schedules, daily evaluations to increase student independence in memorising the Koran and memorisation improvement and graduation exams. The method in teaching tahfidz is using the talaqqi, tahsin, murajaah and tasmi' methods. The implementation of this tahfidz programme is carried out in groups based on the level of ability and acceleration of memorisation in each class with three accompanying teachers. With this programme, it is expected to be able to create quality students.

New students often experience academic anxiety due to environmental differences and learning demands. This anxiety is influenced by emotional regulation. This study aims to explore feelings and emotional conflicts while reducing academic anxiety in students using art therapy methods through drawing techniques and butterfly hug relaxation. This study employs the Service Learning (SL) approach. The results, based on pre-test and post-test evaluations, show an improvement in participants' understanding of academic anxiety and emotional regulation. Additionally, participants demonstrated the ability to control their emotions, although they occasionally still experienced academic anxiety. However, they expressed confidence in their ability to overcome it.

The research carried out aims to determine the effectiveness of evaluating Islamic Religious Education learning at Kosambi State Elementary School.  This research uses a qualitative approach method, in the type of field research (field research). From the results of this research, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of PAI learning evaluation at Kosambi State Elementary School shows that teachers are successful in measuring student achievement through various comprehensive evaluation methods, despite facing challenges such as students' lack of interest in learning and concentration. Solutions in the form of interactive learning, use of technology, and rubric-based evaluation help increase student focus, understanding, and involvement, thereby supporting teachers' efforts to create optimal and meaningful learning.

Pesantren is basically a traditional Islamic educational dormitory where the students live and live together to study Islamic religious knowledge under the auspices of the kyai. The book Fathul Qorib is one of the Islamic boarding school literature books in the field of Shafi'i school of jurisprudence by Ibnu Qasim Al-Ghazzi. Fiqh exists as an answer to everyday human problems related to actions and worship. Where there are still many students who make mistakes in implementing their daily worship which is not in accordance with the Shari'a. In its application, the methods used are the wetonanan, sorogan and bandongan methods. This research uses field research using a qualitative approach. There are 3 data collection techniques used, namely observation, interviews and documentation. There are 2 data sources that will be used, namely primary data and secondary data. There are three data analysis techniques used, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing data conclusions. The process of learning the book of Fathul Qorib in increasing students' understanding of Fiqh at the Nurun 'ala Nur 2 Kepencar Wonosobo Islamic boarding school uses the wetonan method with discussion. The Process of Learning the Book of Fathul Qorib in Improving the Translating Ability of Santri at the Nurun 'ala Nur 2 Kepencar Wonosobo Islamic Boarding School using the sorogan, wetonan and direct test methods during evaluation.  

With this service, students of SMP 4 Muhammadiyah Pekanbaru are educated about anti- corruption literacy. Corruption is an act carried out to gain profit in a bad way, such as bribing, extortion, gratification, and others. The implementation plan is carried out in three stages. In the preparation stage, SMP 4 Muhammadiyah Pekanbaru carries out licensing, coordination, and socialization. The second stage is implementation, which includes socialization and counseling. The third stage is evaluation and preparation of reports. The results of the service show that students of SMP 4 Muhammadiyah Pekanbaru have the ability to avoid corruption after learning about anti-corruption.

Strengthening literacy for children is very important, literacy is related to mastery of reading and writing. Lack of attention and instilling literacy from an early age causes a region to experience a low literacy level. The aim of this service activity is to increase understanding and literacy knowledge of coastal children, assist and strengthen children's literacy through playing activities, learning to write and read. This activity is carried out in several stages such as the preparation stage, activity stage, and final evaluation stage. This activity was attended by coastal children. The results that occurred at the activity stage were a lack of knowledge and assistance from families, especially parents, towards children about the importance of literacy for the child's future, resulting in a lack of interest in reading in children. This activity can provide benefits to the community, especially the coastal children of Amal Beach Village, East Tarakan, Tarakan.

This research aims to explore the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model in an effort to improve the learning outcomes of class X IPS E students at SMA Negeri 10 Medan, especially in geographic research material. The background to this research is revealed by the low learning achievement of students, where only 40% of them achieved the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM). PBL was chosen as an approach because this method can encourage students to actively participate in the learning process through solving real problems, which is expected to improve their critical thinking skills and conceptual understanding. This research methodology involves systematic planning, data collection through observations and tests, and comprehensive data analysis. The research results show that the implementation of PBL significantly improves student learning outcomes. In the first cycle, there was an increase in understanding of concepts and evaluation values, which further developed in the second cycle with better results. This research concludes that PBL is effective in improving student learning outcomes in geography material and recommends teachers to apply innovative learning methods in the teaching and learning process.  

This research aims to identify and synthesize previous research related to optimizing Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in improving students' critical thinking skills in mathematics learning through a systematic literature review. Data was collected from relevant scientific articles published in the last 10 years using certain keywords through databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. The results of the literature review show that the application of PBL consistently plays a role in improving students' critical thinking abilities, especially when supported by strategies such as the use of relevant contextual problems, structured feedback, and directed teacher guidance. These findings confirm the constructivist theory which states that meaningful learning occurs when students are actively involved in authentic problem solving. However, there are variations in results across educational levels and countries, indicating the importance of contextual adaptation in the implementation of PBL. In addition, the lack of comprehensive practical guidance and long-term evaluation instruments is a major obstacle. The conclusions of this research emphasize the need to develop clearer PBL implementation guidelines and more accurate evaluation instruments to measure its impact on students' critical thinking abilities, as well as the potential of PBL in improving the quality of mathematics learning that encourages critical thinking skills as an important competency in 21st century education.

In the ever-evolving digital age, social media, especially Instagram, has become an important platform that not only serves as a communication tool, but also as an effective marketing tool. Instagram filters, as one of the main features, have evolved into an important creative and marketing tool for both individuals and businesses. Filtrize comes as a provider of Instagram filter creation services tailored to customer needs, with the aim of creating filters that are unique and in line with brand identity. However, in order to stay relevant and thrive amidst intense competition, Filtrize needs to adopt effective methods in its business development. One of the approaches used as a solution is the application of the Project Based Learning (PBL) method, which can integrate theory and practice in the development of this digital business. This research aims to explore how the application of the PBL method can be used to build and develop Filtrize's business. The methods used in this research include observation, literature study, and customer feedback to collect data on market trends, customer expectations, and product evaluation. The results of this research are expected to provide new insights into digital service business development in the creative field and produce a business model that is not only profitable, but also sustainable.

The rapid advancement of technology has made artificial intelligence (AI), particularly generative chatbots, an integral part of everyday life. These chatbots, powered by Natural Language Processing (NLP) and deep learning technologies, are widely used in various fields such as customer service, education, and entertainment. However, the increasing prevalence of such technologies brings forth important philosophical concerns, particularly in the realm of axiology—the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of values, including the practical and ethical implications of knowledge and technology. This study investigates the practical benefits and ethical responsibilities associated with generative chatbots, using ChatGPT as a case study. The research examines whether ChatGPT adheres to the axiological principles of science, specifically its usefulness in enhancing human life and its ethical responsibilities. Through a qualitative content analysis, this research evaluates the responses of ChatGPT to a series of questions based on the axiological framework outlined by Sumantri. The study focuses on two main aspects of science's axiological evaluation: the practical benefits of science and technology, and the ethical responsibilities tied to their application. The findings indicate that ChatGPT is capable of providing useful insights that contribute to human understanding, improve quality of life, simplify complex tasks, and offer solutions to various problems. However, the ethical considerations of AI technology, such as fairness, transparency, and accountability, remain a crucial area of concern. This research highlights the importance of balancing technological progress with ethical responsibility, emphasizing that AI systems like ChatGPT must be developed and applied in ways that align with human values to ensure their positive impact on society.