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The rapid advancement of digital technology has compelled business owners to leverage social media as a core marketing and communication tool. Facebook remains a powerful platform to sustain customer relationships through targeted product information delivery and intensive online interactions. Concurrently, customer testimonials serve as critical social proof that directly alters consumer perceptions and enhances organizational trust. This study aims to empirically examine the influence of Facebook social media marketing and customer testimonials on customer trust at Dealer Raja Jaya Motor Maumere. Operating within a quantitative survey framework, data were gathered through structured questionnaires distributed to 100 verified customers and processed via multiple linear regression using SPSS. The findings demonstrate that both Facebook social media and customer testimonials exert a positive and statistically significant impact on customer trust, both partially and simultaneously.

Digital transformation has intensified scholarly interest in leadership; however, existing research predominantly emphasises leadership styles and strategic orientations, leaving the role of micro-level leadership behaviours underexplored. This qualitative systematic literature review synthesises prior studies to examine how everyday leadership behaviours function as behavioural antecedents of organisational performance in digital transformation contexts. Drawing on a structured review of interdisciplinary literature, the study identifies cognitive, relational, and adaptive leadership behaviours as central mechanisms through which digital initiatives are translated into performance outcomes. The findings reveal that micro-level behaviours—such as sensemaking, empowering communication, psychological safety cultivation, and behavioural flexibility—indirectly shape organisational performance by fostering digital capabilities, innovative work behaviour, and employee resilience. By shifting the analytical focus from abstract leadership constructs to observable behavioural micro-foundations, this review contributes to digital leadership and organisational performance literature and offers integrative insights for future empirical research and managerial practice

This study aims to develop a Strategic Learning Enabler model by reconfiguring the role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) units to enhance Generation Z student productivity in digital higher education. The research is motivated by the gap between digital transformation demands and the predominantly technical-operational role of ICT units. Using a quantitative explanatory design, this study examines the causal relationships among ICT role reconfiguration, adaptive learning systems, and student productivity. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to Generation Z students engaged in digital learning environments and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings indicate that Generation Z students exhibit high responsiveness to structured tasks but lack continuity in learning activities due to weak self-regulated learning. The study also reveals that adaptive learning systems significantly mediate the relationship between ICT transformation and student productivity. The proposed model emphasizes digital governance, learning analytics, and micro-tasking structures as key components in building sustainable academic productivity. This research contributes both theoretically and practically by offering an institutional framework for digital learning transformation in higher education.

The dominance of digital technology in contemporary society has led to a shift in human values. Technology no longer serves merely as a tool but has evolved into a crucial system shaping interaction, communication, and behavior. This study uses qualitative methods to examine how digital technology influences human values in modern society. For this purpose, a literature review was carried out, incorporating thematic analysis of relevant sources. According to this study, the prevalence of digital technology has significantly transformed many aspects of social life. This includes the transition from a user-centered paradigm to a more automated system-centered paradigm; the conversion of human identity into data representation in digital systems; as well as the move from in-person to online communication within social exchanges. These effects undermine the quality of social relationships, reduce empathy and interpersonal interaction, increase dependence on technology, and lead to dehumanization. Furthermore, changes in information perception have the potential to improve digital literacy but simultaneously reduce the quality of critical public reflection. Nevertheless, digital technology continues to offer advantages such as easier access to information and productivity gains. Therefore, strategic efforts are needed to improve user-centered technology, digital skills, and adaptable regulations.

This article examines the phenomenon of interfaith solidarity rapidly flourishing in Indonesia’s digital sphere during Ramadan, specifically through the viral "war takjil" trend involving active participation from non-Muslim communities. With national social media users reaching 180 million, digital platforms have transformed into crucial interaction spaces facilitating fluid and participatory interfaith communication. This research employs a qualitative approach using literature review, phenomenological analysis, and theological reflection within the Catholic tradition to understand the meaning behind this social behavior. Main findings indicate that this phenomenon is a concrete manifestation of bottom-up pluralism, emerging organically from daily social interactions. Based on the Contact Hypothesis, these digital interactions successfully reduce prejudice by achieving common goals and maintaining equal status in public spaces. Theologically, the phenomenon reflects the spirit of universal brotherhood and solidarity emphasized in the documents Fratelli Tutti and Nostra Aetate. The article concludes that healthy pluralism is the capacity to maintain one's own faith identity while actively building bridges of love with those of different beliefs. The implications emphasize the importance of media literacy for faith educators and catechists to guide the community in responding to digital social dynamics constructively without compromising theological truths. This study serves as a reference for developing inclusive, love-based interfaith communication strategies within Indonesia’s diverse digital society.

This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of slang usage on the TikTok social media platform as a form of linguistic adaptation in digital communication. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this research examines how users modify language structures to create more effective, expressive, and socially meaningful interactions. Data were collected through participatory observation of content appearing on the For Your Page (FYP) feature and analyzed using textual and contextual methods. The findings reveal that slang formation on TikTok occurs within three main domains: phonological transformation through sound reduction to produce linguistic aesthetics, morphological modification through the creation of efficient acronyms, and cognitive-semantic shifts that redefine the meanings of existing vocabulary. These findings demonstrate that slang is not merely a temporary communication trend, but also functions as an important sociolinguistic instrument for constructing group identity, strengthening emotional connections, and reflecting the cognitive and cultural dynamics of contemporary digital society amid the rapid development of information technology.

This study aims to describe the transformation of Biology learning through the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to strengthen 21st-century skills at a State Senior High School in Waingapu, East Sumba. Amidst the limitations of physical laboratory facilities, AI emerges as an innovative solution to visualize abstract biological concepts. This research employs a qualitative approach, with data collection techniques involving observation, interviews with teachers and students, and documentation studies. The results indicate that the utilization of AI platforms, such as Generative AI and virtual simulations, significantly shifts the student learning paradigm from rote memorization to active inquiry. The integration of AI has proven effective in reinforcing the 4C skills (Critical Thinking, Creativity, Collaboration, and Communication). Students have become more critical in validating information, creative in designing science projects, and more collaborative in classroom discussions. Furthermore, AI assists teachers in streamlining instructional time, allowing for deeper conceptual exploration. Despite challenges regarding local internet stability, this transformation represents a strategic step in narrowing the educational quality gap between peripheral and urban areas. In conclusion, the implementation of AI, coupled with adaptive teacher guidance, is highly effective in developing competitive students in the digital era.

This study examines how regulatory, communicative, and digital literacy among employees of the Gowa Regional Revenue Agency influences tax service quality and taxpayer compliance. A phenomenological qualitative approach was applied through interviews, observations, and document reviews involving employees and taxpayers. The findings indicate that uneven regulatory literacy, varying communication skills, and limited digital literacy contribute to inconsistent services. The study highlights the need to strengthen employee competencies as an implication for improving regional tax service quality.

The phenomenon of radical transparency in the Bottled Drinking Water (AMDK) industry in 2025 triggered a reputation crisis and a massive erosion of customer loyalty. This crisis began with negative sentiment on social media that led to surprise inspections by regulatory authorities of the industry leader's "Mountain Spring" claim. The unpreparedness of the communication infrastructure in presenting technical data in real time led to a decline in brand image and a significant correction in market share to a critical figure of 47.4%. This article aims to formulate a conceptual framework for adaptive and data-driven PR presentation techniques through the integration of real-time data visualization and narrative reframing strategies. The method used is a descriptive conceptual analysis by evaluating the chronology of incidents and PR responses during the crisis. The analysis results show that unidirectional communication patterns and static presentation materials are deemed to fail to face viral and spontaneous public audits in the digital space. As a theoretical and practical contribution, this article proposes a new model, The Spontaneous Technical Presentation Model, and recommendations for the development of a Crisis Presentation Kit for the FMCG industry. Through a theoretical approach that expands the theory of Image Restoration, this study confirms that corporate image restoration in the digital era is highly dependent on the precision and transparency of visual data presented during field qualification

Vision+ pay television. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to gain an in-depth understanding of Public Relations practices at MNC Channels. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman interactive model which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the role of Public Relations is not yet fully optimized, especially in the strategic decision-making process. Public Relations functions more as a technical implementer of communication rather than as a management advisor. This condition has an impact on the less than optimal efforts to strengthen the Vision+ brand image. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the role of Public Relations as an expert prescriber, communication facilitator, problem-solving facilitator, and communication technician to support the company's communication strategy and improve brand image. In addition, this study also found that internal coordination, utilization of digital media, and consistency of communication messages are important factors in building positive public perception. The lack of integration between the Public Relations function and strategic management causes the messages delivered to be not fully aligned with brand positioning

The dynamics of the global coffee industry during the 2024–2026 period were characterized by significant fluctuations that placed Starbucks in a vulnerable position due to multidimensional reputation crises, ranging from geopolitical sentiments to industrial relations tensions. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Public Relations (PR) management strategies and integrated media models in restoring brand equity post-crisis. The research method applied is descriptive qualitative with a conceptual analysis approach, relying on digital literature studies and the collection of secondary data from international reputation research firm reports and credible mass media documentation. The research results indicate that the drastic decline in the Brand Strength Index was successfully mitigated through a strategic narrative transition from service efficiency toward the reinforcement of the original "The Third Place" identity. The utilization of data-driven Owned Media channels through loyalty applications proved to be the most crucial instrument in maintaining consumer retention amidst the global boycott. The research conclusion emphasizes that brand resilience in the era of digital volatility depends not only on rhetoric but on the synchronization between adaptive leadership, operational transparency, and the integration of an agile PESO communication model. This study provides a theoretical contribution regarding the importance of managing "reputation capital" through consistent sustainability commitments to maintain a balance between profitability and corporate communication ethics in an increasingly polarized global market

The rapid development of digital media has increased the complexity of health information flows and triggered the spread of misinformation, thereby requiring service personnel to be prepared to manage information critically. However, studies specifically examining the relationship between digital media literacy and readiness to handle health hoaxes among non-medical frontliner staff remain limited. This study aims to analyze the relationship between digital media literacy and readiness in handling health-related hoaxes among frontliner staff at RSUD Welas Asih Bandung. A quantitative approach with a survey method was employed, involving 243 respondents selected through a census sampling technique. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed through validity, reliability, and Spearman’s Rank correlation tests. The results indicate that digital media literacy is at a high level, with digital safety (85.2%) and digital ethics (82.3%) as dominant indicators. Readiness in handling health hoaxes is also high, with gathering (78.6%) and planning (76.1%) as the highest indicators. The correlation test shows a positive and significant relationship with a coefficient of 0.794 (p<0.001), indicating a strong association. These findings suggest that improving digital media literacy significantly contributes to enhancing readiness in handling health hoaxes. Therefore, strengthening digital literacy is an important strategy to improve communication effectiveness and healthcare service quality.

At MA Al-Mahdi Serang, there are challenges in the form of psychological distance between students and guidance and counseling teachers, as well as the negative influence of peers in the digital era that threaten students' independence and religious character. Islamic peer counseling is an alternative guidance and counseling strategy to support students' psychological needs while strengthening their independence and religious character. This study aims to (1) analyze the implementation of Islamic peer counseling services, (2) determine their influence on student independence, (3) explore their contribution to fostering religious character, and (4) formulate an effective Islamic guidance and counseling service model at MA Al-Mahdi Serang. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. The research informants were 13 people consisting of the principal who is also a guidance and counseling teacher, the vice principal for curriculum, subject teachers, and students. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using thematic analysis. The results of the study indicate that: (1) the implementation of Islamic peer counseling is carried out through a peer counselor recruitment process based on the criteria of noble character and communication skills, as well as counseling skills training based on the values ​​of brotherhood and tabayyun; (2) Islamic peer counseling services have a positive influence on student independence, particularly in self-management and decision-making; (3) Islamic peer counseling contributes to the development of religious character through the internalization of the values ​​of honesty, responsibility, discipline in worship, and the culture of tawashau bil haqq; and (4) the formulation of an Islamic peer counseling model based on the values ​​of brotherhood as an adaptive and contextual guidance and counseling service in madrasas.

The rapid development of social media, particularly Instagram, has transformed consumers’ information-seeking behavior and purchasing decision processes, making information quality in digital catalogs a crucial factor in visual-based marketing. However, studies examining information quality in Instagram-based digital catalogs for highly customized products remain limited. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the quality of digital catalog information and purchasing decisions on the @santflowersbouquet account. A quantitative approach with a survey method was employed, involving 95 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed through validity, reliability, and Spearman’s Rank correlation tests. The results indicate that information quality is categorized as high, with accuracy (92.6%) and timeliness (86.3%) as the dominant indicators. Purchasing decisions are also in the high category, with the time of purchase indicator reaching 96.8%. The correlation test shows a positive and significant relationship with a coefficient of 0.621 (p<0.001), indicating a strong association. These findings suggest that improving the quality of digital catalog information significantly contributes to enhancing purchasing decisions. Therefore, businesses are encouraged to optimize information quality as part of their digital marketing communication strategy.

This study discusses the production of digital campaign content for Perumda Transpakuan Bogor through Instagram and videotron as part of public transportation communication strategies targeting Generation Z. The study aims to analyze and implement digital content production processes that are visually engaging, informative, and relevant to young audiences. This research used a qualitative descriptive approach with a project-based applied research orientation. Data were collected through participatory observation, documentation, and Instagram Insight analysis. The project resulted in nine Instagram contents in the form of reels, carousel posts, infographics, and interactive posts, as well as one public service advertisement video for videotron media. The findings show that the use of storytelling, relatable visuals, and short-form video formats effectively increased audience reach and engagement. Instagram reels became the most effective format in attracting Generation Z audiences, while videotron strengthened message distribution in public spaces. The study implies that integrating social media and digital outdoor media can support more effective public communication campaigns for public transportation services.

This research aims to develop an information system for the Imam Malik Koppe Mosque in Darma Village, Polewali District, Polewali Mandar Regency, utilizing the eMasjid platform as a solution for digitally managing mosque activities. The problem faced was the suboptimal recording of activity data, financial data, and service information for the congregation. The system development method used the Waterfall model, which consists of needs analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. The result of this research is a mosque information system capable of presenting information on activities, financial data, reports, and communication between administrators more efficiently, transparently, and accountably. This system is expected to be an effective and user-friendly means of digitizing mosque management.

Biology learning in Indonesia is still predominantly teacher-centered, limiting students’ opportunities to actively develop critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and other 21st-century competencies. Students often receive information passively, resulting in low engagement and limited ability to apply concepts in real-life contexts. Therefore, innovative learning models are needed to support more meaningful and student-centered learning. This study aims to review the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in Biology education and analyze its contribution to the development of students’ 21st-century skills. The study employed a literature review method by analyzing 20 research articles published between 2022 and 2026. Articles were obtained through Google Scholar searches and selected based on relevance to Biology education, focus on PjBL implementation, and open-access availability. Data collection involved identification, screening, selection, and documentation of related studies, while data analysis used a qualitative descriptive approach. The findings indicate that PjBL effectively improves students’ cognitive achievement, conceptual understanding, scientific literacy, creativity, and critical thinking skills. In addition, PjBL enhances collaboration, communication, problem-solving abilities, learning motivation, and life skills through contextual and authentic project activities. Students become more actively involved in investigating real-world problems, designing solutions, and producing meaningful learning outputs. Furthermore, the integration of STEM approaches, digital media, blended learning, and Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) strengthens the effectiveness of PjBL in Biology learning. Overall, PjBL is highly relevant for supporting the Merdeka Curriculum and improving the quality of Biology education in developing 21st-century competencies.

Digital transformation has driven organizations to adopt the metaverse as a 3D virtual workspace that enables employee interaction through avatars, thereby introducing new challenges in managing organizational identity, work culture, and employee loyalty. This study aims to analyze the role of human resource leadership in establishing organizational identity, transforming work culture, and sustaining employee loyalty within a metaverse-based work environment. The study employs an integrative literature review approach by systematically collecting and synthesizing relevant scholarly sources from reputable publications within the last five years. The findings indicate that organizational identity in the metaverse is constructed through avatar representation and virtual environment design, while work culture undergoes a transformation toward flexible digital interaction patterns that still require reinforcement of organizational values. Furthermore, employee loyalty is influenced by the quality of virtual experiences and the effectiveness of leadership communication. In this context, digital-based HR leadership emerges as a critical factor in fostering employee engagement and trust in a non-physical interaction setting. This study contributes conceptually by integrating leadership, identity, culture, and loyalty within the metaverse framework, and provides practical implications for organizations in designing adaptive human resource management strategies in response to the advancement of immersive technologies.

PT Telkom Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (Telkom) is a company that is part of the state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and operates specifically in the field of information technology, communication, and digital telecommunications services in Indonesia. For that reason, financial statement analysis is needed as a source of information about the company's financial condition. Based on the financial reports of PT Telekomunikasi Tbk for the period from 2019 to 2023, there has been a fluctuating increase despite Indonesia being hit by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 to 2021. The type of research is quantitative descriptive research with data sourced from the financial reports of PT Telekomunikasi Tbk as of December 31 from 2019 to 2023. The first result, the assessment of the financial performance of PT Telekomunikasi Tbk based on liquidity ratio analysis using the current ratio, shows that the current ratio from 2019 to 2023 has experienced fluctuating conditions but remains in the very good category, above the industry's minimum standard of 200%. Secondly, the results of the solvency ratio analysis using the Debt to Asset ratio (DAR) indicate that the DAR value from 2019 to 2023 is in the very good category, with a value below the industry's maximum standard of 35%. Thirdly, the analysis of profitability ratios using the Return on Equity (ROE) ratio reveals that the ROE value from 2019 to 2023 has experienced fluctuating conditions but remains above the industry standard of 40%.

The rapid development of digital media, particularly YouTube, has encouraged personal branding practices among content creators in the gaming sector. This study analyzes how Tobias Justin constructs his personal branding through the Jess No Limit YouTube channel using Montoya's (2002) eight-component personal branding theory, namely specialization, leadership, personality, distinctiveness, visibility, unity, persistence, and goodwill. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design, data were collected through online observation of 15 videos published between 2023 and 2025, digital documentation, and digital footprint analysis. Data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman's (1994) interactive model. Findings reveal that Tobias Justin's personal branding is built through consistent specialization in Mobile Legends gameplay, an authentic and humble personal narrative, a relaxed yet persuasive communication style, and sustained positive audience engagement. Audiences actively reinforce his image as a professional, inspiring figure, demonstrating that personal branding is a dialectical process involving creator presentation and collective audience validation. This study concludes that effective digital creator branding is shaped by value consistency, technical competence, and strategic audience relationship management, not mere popularity. Comparative research across gaming creators or platforms is recommended to extend generalizability.