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The plan for the construction of the Kra Canal has emerged since 1977, initiated by King Narai. The Kra Canal will connect the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea, making it an alternative to the congested and vulnerable Strait of Malacca. Despite its great potential and benefits and having been planned for a long time, the canal has yet to be built. This paper aims to discuss the reasons behind the difficulties in constructing the Kra Canal. The method used in this paper is qualitative descriptive by conducting library research. The theories applied are Security Dilemma and Maritime Diplomacy. The data used are secondary data sourced from books, journals, credible official news, and relevant trustworthy websites. The findings indicate that there are complex geopolitical and economic aspects. Major challenges include high costs, risks of damage, environmental concerns, and Thailand’s unstable internal political situation. The presence of the Kra Canal has the potential to complicate the security situation in the Southeast Asian region with the involvement of major powers such as China, India, and the United States.

Writing journal about "death penalty from a criminal and human rights perspectiveis " is to find and describe how the application of death penalty to date, in which there are several countries that apply it to as a payment and even the punishment must be accepted by someone who has violated the provisions of regulations in a country. There are Countries Applied death penalty include China, Saudi Arabia, Iran, the Indonesia and United States. In all countries there are various types of capital punishment, but the most commonly used are shooting and death row Implementation of death penalty in the Criminal Code is only regulated by Article 11 with the compiler R. Soesilo As the formula: the execution of death penalty is imposed by a judicial institution within the military court or general court, with a procedure of being shot to death in accordance with the provisions of Law No. 2 (PNPS) of 1964 However, death penalty contradicts of notion by human rights as described in article 3 of the DUHAM which states that the most extreme form of violation of the right to life is killing or injuring a person or group of people physically or mentally.

Dragon fruit plants originating from Central and South America have not been widely cultivated. This plant has only been cultivated intensively in several countries such as: Israel, Colombia, Nicaragua, Vietnam, Thailand, China and Australia. Macroscopic identification showed that the fungi associated with dragon fruit stems had similarities to the colony form of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sp. Trichoderma is known to have antagonistic abilities against pathogenic fungi. Trichoderma is easily found in soil ecosystems and plant roots. The method in this study is a survey method. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling or Judgmental sampling method, namely purposive sampling is a sampling method that selects objects (vines) that are considered attacked or have symptoms of pathogen attack. Trichoderma sp is also tolerant to stress and able to inactivate pathogenic microbial enzymes. In addition, Trichoderma sp. Able to produce enzymes that hydrolyze pathogenic cell walls which will inhibit the synthesis of pathogenic cell walls and increase their fungicidal activity, as a result of which pathogenic fungi experience a decrease in growth rate.

Tenascins are glycoproteins groups found in the extra-cellular matrix . The sphingolipidome in blood distinguished as a hundreds types of fats with many different essential chemical and physical properties. Insulin resistance is impaired biologic response of many target tissues to stimulation of insulin, and all tissues that have insulin receptors exposed insulin resistant. Materials and methods:  Sixty  sampling were participated, their ages ranged from (30-38) years. Biochemical measurements: insulin by AFIAS-10 , TN-X and sphingosine measured by kits by Sun Long Biotech – China.  Results:- the level of Tenascin-X, sphingosine and HOMA-IR in the obese group increase significantly (P<0.01) when compared to non-obese group. Cut-off  for Tenascin-X was 10.382pg./ml, for sphingosine was 10.93 ng./ml, and for HOMA-IR was 1.43 ng./ml. Conclusions: tenascin-X sphingosine and HOMA-IR  were related with obesity. Tenascin-X, Sphingosine and HOMA-IR were related to obesity

The abacus is a traditional calculating tool from Southeast Asia such as China, Korea, Taiwan and Japan. According to Chen (2009), it is said that the abacus existed in Babylonia and China around 2400 BC and 300 BC. In education in Indonesia in the 1990s the abacus began to enter the form of arithmetic courses, after 700 years of disappearance. The impact of the abacus is amazing, a kindergarten child who masters mathematics can calculate faster than a calculator. The abacus succeeded in attracting the attention of mothers with small children, who then enrolled their children in abacus arithmetic courses. This program is very appropriate for children aged kindergarten to elementary school. The conditions that occurred in RW 01, Gedong Village, the proposing team found that there were still many children who had difficulty using addition, subtraction operations, or using the abacus. Parents don't even understand how to use the abacus in calculating. Maybe this is because there are no parents to teach their children, because the majority of children in RW 01 are from the lower middle class. To overcome the problems mentioned above, the solution offered in this community service is to provide socialization on abacus arithmetic media to parents of children in the RW 01 Gedong Village environment, in order to optimize children's potential, including: increasing the ability to calculate faster, balancing the use of left and right brain and optimizing it to achieve a level of analytical thinking and correct analytical thinking, training concentration thinking power, helping children to master other subjects, developing imagination so that children's creativity develops, and getting used to numbers makes children not I'm afraid of exact lessons

This study examines the multifaceted impact of financial inclusion on industrial societies, focusing on its role in economic growth, social equity, digital transformation, and industrial development. Using a mixed-method approach combining systematic literature review and case studies from five industrial countries (Germany, South Korea, the United States, China, and Brazil), we analyze the mechanisms through which financial inclusion influences societal outcomes. Our findings reveal that financial inclusion significantly contributes to economic growth, with a 10% increase in inclusion indicators associated with a 0.2-0.7% rise in GDP growth rates. Moreover, we identify synergistic effects between financial inclusion and digital transformation, notably in mobile banking adoption. The study also highlights persistent challenges, including urban-rural divides and gender disparities in financial access. Cross-cutting themes emerge, emphasizing the importance of integrated policy approaches, regulatory innovation, and public-private partnerships in advancing financial inclusion. These insights offer valuable guidance for policymakers and financial institutions in designing effective strategies to leverage financial inclusion for sustainable and equitable economic development in industrial contexts.

The research investigates flood evacuation routes in China Bidara Kelurahan, Jatinegara district, East Jakarta City. Quantitative descriptive methods are used in this study. This scripts data collection is carried out through road network analysis, service area, and route analysis using Geographic Information System (SIG). Flood posko area adjusted and community validation compared. The results of the study showed that of the 24 flood evacuation routes, 11 routes were in good condition, 13 roads were blocked by wild parking on the road, and 8 routes of the entire flood escape route had difficult conditions to pass. Validation analysis of communities with processing analysis that has an equation of 80%, and 10 flood posko points scattered in 9 RWs that are flood-prone in the Chinese Flood Field.

Taiwan is considered as a renegade province by China. Taiwan, however, disagrees and trying to raise public awareness that it is a sovereign nation. Tensions have increased since the election of Tsai Ing-wen as president of Taiwan in 2016. China's military activity has increased since then, marked by warplane flights around Taiwan to military exercises in the border area. The final results of this study show that Taiwan sees China's increased military activity as a threat and tries to balance the threat through military cooperation and diplomacy. Taiwan made an alliance with the US through the US-ROC Mutual Defense Treaty which later became the Taiwan Relations Act in 1979 due to the birth of the One China Policy. Taiwan tried to maintain the Status Quo with China while gathering support and recognition from other countries through military cooperation and diplomacy.

Dragon fruit plants originating from Central and South America have not been widely cultivated. This plant has only been cultivated intensively in several countries such as: Israel, Colombia, Nicaragua, Vietnam, Thailand, China and Australia. Macroscopic identification showed that the fungi associated with dragon fruit stems had similarities to the colony form of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sp. Trichoderma is known to have antagonistic abilities against pathogenic fungi. Trichoderma is easily found in soil ecosystems and plant roots. The method in this study is a survey method. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling or Judgmental sampling method, namely purposive sampling is a sampling method that selects objects (vines) that are considered attacked or have symptoms of pathogen attack. Trichoderma sp is also tolerant to stress and able to inactivate pathogenic microbial enzymes. In addition, Trichoderma sp. Able to produce enzymes that hydrolyze pathogenic cell walls which will inhibit the synthesis of pathogenic cell walls and increase their fungicidal activity, as a result of which pathogenic fungi experience a decrease in growth rate.

In Indonesia, Malaysia, Australia, China, and Hong Kong, corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an essential component of corporate strategy. In many countries, its effect on corporate value is a crucial concern. This study aims to summarize the impact of corporate social responsibility on corporate value. Using five international journals and the meta-analysis approach, CSR has been demonstrated to influence business value.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has evolved from a philanthropic initiative to an important strategic component of global business operations. CSR is now seen as an element that influences a company's image, financial performance, and stakeholder relationships. Effective CSR implementation can provide a range of benefits to international companies, including enhanced reputation, customer loyalty, and operational efficiency. This article explores the impact of CSR on firm performance by analyzing case studies from five countries: Turkey, Nigeria, China, Bangladesh, and Spain. The research method used is a qualitative meta-analysis to identify common patterns and findings from various studies. The results show that CSR implementation has a significant impact on firm performance, although it varies depending on the geographical and industry context. This article highlights the importance of a systematic approach in integrating CSR to achieve optimal results for companies.

This journal discusses the impact of TikTok's $1.5 billion USD acquisition of Tokopedia shares. Following the closure of TikTok Shop in Indonesia due to licensing issues, ByteDance (TikTok's parent company) re-entered the Indonesian e-commerce market through an investment in Tokopedia. This acquisition has sparked speculation about the collaboration and its impact on Indonesia's digital industry. Tokopedia will manage TikTok Shop in Indonesia, while TikTok will continue to operate as a social media platform. Concerns have arisen about potential monopoly and China's geopolitical influence, given ByteDance's close ties with the Chinese government. Issues of data ownership and security have also been highlighted as serious threats. This article emphasizes the importance of vigilance against foreign influence and its impact on Indonesia's economic sovereignty, drawing parallels to historical experiences such as the Trojan Horse, which illustrates the dangers of complacency.

.  An analysis of China’s negotiating strategy toward Saudi Arabia and Iran’s efforts to normalize relations highlights China’s important role as a mediator in resolving the long-standing and complex rivalry between the two countries. Geopolitical, economic, and diplomatic factors underpin China’s strategy to minimize conflict and promote regional stability. Through its multilateral approach, economic cooperation, balancing interests, and focus on energy, China has played a key role in facilitating dialogue and reaching an agreement between Saudi Arabia and Iran. By maintaining its position as a neutral and respected mediator, China has the potential to strengthen economic and diplomatic ties in the region and promote peace and stability in the Middle East.

The Natuna Sea is one of Indonesia's territorial waters that borders many countries so that it is often an easy target for illegal fishing, including ships belonging to China, Vietnam and Thailand.  Not only does it harm the country's economy and local fishermen, but illegal fishing also causes damage to marine ecosystems and coral reefs, even though Indonesia as a country that ratified the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea or commonly referred to as UNCLOS has adopted rules governing this in its law. Using the Base on research method that we collected from various journals, websites, electronic scientific articles and other research reports, we attempt to (1) analyse the effectiveness of UNCLOS in addressing maritime issues such as illegal fishing (2) to determine the compliance of UNCLOS ratifying countries involved in illegal fishing cases in the Natuna Sea seen from green politics theory and Robert B. Mitchell's compliance theory. Mitchell's compliance theory.  The results we found are that the entry of ships belonging to China, Vietnam and Thailand into the Natuna Sea shows the ineffectiveness of UNCLOS and the lack of compliance of the ratifying countries.    

This research discusses the implementation of supply chain management at PT. Yakult Indonesia Persada, Mojokerto, East Java branch. This research uses a literature study analysis method or literature review with secondary data sources. This research explains the main role in supply chain management implemented by PT. Yakult Indonesia Persada starts from suppliers, production processes, retail, distributors, to consumers. PT. Yakult Indonesia Persada collaborates with several local and foreign suppliers to obtain main raw materials such as skim milk powder from Australia and New Zealand, sucrose and dextrose from Cirebon, packaging materials, namely polystyrene plastic ore, from China. The production process is carried out using sophisticated high-tech machines and is carried out by competent human resources (HR) to create standardized products, distribution is carried out by PT. Yakult Indonesia Persada, namely by using land and sea routes with two distribution systems, namely direct sale distribution which is carried out using backup cars to be distributed to traditional shops such as food stalls to modern shops such as supermarkets, and yakult lady, namely distribution carried out by women who has been equipped with knowledge about Yakult products to disseminate information to consumers using motorbikes or bicycles. With this distribution system, it has proven to be quite good, as proven by PT. Yakult Indonesia Persada has regular consumers spread throughout almost all of Indonesia.  

Indonesia and China are two countries with rapidly developing economies in Southeast Asia. These two countries have great potential to attract foreign investment. However, there are differences in investment and foreign investment regulations in the two countries. This research aims to compare investment and foreign investment laws in Indonesia and China. This research uses normative legal research methods with a comparative approach. Research data was obtained from literature studies, namely laws, government regulations and other related literature. The research results show that there are similarities and differences in foreign investment and investment regulations in Indonesia and China. Similarities include, recognition of the rights of foreign investors; providing incentives for foreign investors; and resolving investment disputes. The differences include the subject of investment, business fields open to foreign investment, investment requirements. From this research, researchers can draw the title, namely Comparison of investment law and foreign investment in Indonesia and China

Indonesia is currently in a demographic bonus until 2035. Where the productive age shows that the number of young people in the age range of 15-29 in 2022 reaches 24.3 percent and this is the basic capital in development. There are several countries that have successfully managed the demographic bonus and become developed countries such as Japan, South Korea, China and Singapore. Based on modernization theory that economic development will affect the value system of society that leads to gender equality. The Demographic Bonus is a golden opportunity for a nation if utilized properly. But the question is whether Indonesia is ready to seize the opportunity. The purpose of this paper is how to reveal facts, phenomena, variables. The research method uses a literature study with a descriptive-qualitative analysis method based on literature review. The results of the study are that there are several reasons that encourage someone to migrate with economic, family, education and work motives. Currently, Indonesia faces challenges in human development. The arrival of young migrants will lead to population growth and human resource development. The decision to migrate between men and women has different driving and pulling factors, women's participation to migrate where women's labor force participation is only 53.41 percent compared to men's 83.87 percent.

Pakistan and China have established cooperative relations in various fields for centuries. In the field of security, the two countries have formed military cooperation that has significantly impacted regional security stability and has been quite effective in addressing evolving security challenges and geopolitical tensions in South Asia. Using descriptive methods, researchers can describe the factors influencing military cooperation between Pakistan and China and examine its implications for regional stability in South Asia. The research findings indicate that Pakistan-China military cooperation is influenced by economic, political, and other military aspects, which subsequently provide a strong position for both countries to face various potential threats affecting the balance of power and stability in South Asia. This cooperation can create a balance of power that stabilizes the region and brings strategic benefits to both countries, though the risks of escalation and increased tensions are also consequences that must be managed carefully.

Indonesia is one of the thrid largest rice producers after India and China, but Indonesia still imports to other countries because Indonesia's population countinues to increase. This study aims to determine the influience of harvested land area, pupulation, rice production, rice consumption, local rice prices, national rice reserves and cassava prices on rice imports in Indonesia. Hypotesis testing with multiple linear regression with help of eviews 12. The data used is a time series between 1980-2022 for 43 years. Research data is sourced from the Food Agriculture Organization (FAO), the Ministry of Trade, BPS, scientific journals and various other websites. The results showed that the area of harvested land, population, rice production,  rice comsumtion, local rice prices, national rice reserves and cassava prices  simultaneously have a significant influence on rice imports. Partially, the varibeles of harvested land area, national rice reserves, population, local rice prices, and cassava prices have a significant effect on rice imports in Indonesia. Variable rice production and comsumtion have an insignificant influence on rice imports in Indonesia. The implication of this study is that with the renewal of years and variables of rice subtitution goods, it is hoped that the goverment can apply effectively and effeciently, this is because it will have an impact on reducing imports, so that Indonesia does not continue to depend on other countries  

Indonesia is one of the thrid largest rice producers after India and China, but Indonesia still imports to other countries because Indonesia's population countinues to increase. This study aims to determine the influience of harvested land area, pupulation, rice production, rice consumption, local rice prices, national rice reserves and cassava prices on rice imports in Indonesia. Hypotesis testing with multiple linear regression with help of eviews 12. The data used is a time series between 1980-2022 for 43 years. Research data is sourced from the Food Agriculture Organization (FAO), the Ministry of Trade, BPS, scientific journals and various other websites. The results showed that the area of harvested land, population, rice production,  rice comsumtion, local rice prices, national rice reserves and cassava prices  simultaneously have a significant influence on rice imports. Partially, the varibeles of harvested land area, national rice reserves, population, local rice prices, and cassava prices have a significant effect on rice imports in Indonesia. Variable rice production and comsumtion have an insignificant influence on rice imports in Indonesia. The implication of this study is that with the renewal of years and variables of rice subtitution goods, it is hoped that the goverment can apply effectively and effeciently, this is because it will have an impact on reducing imports, so that Indonesia does not continue to depend on other countries