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This study aims to analyze the role of Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers' work ethic in character building of students at SMP Negeri 4 Tuhemberua, North Nias Regency. The work ethic possessed by a teacher not only affects the quality of learning, but also has a significant impact on the formation of students' character, in terms of discipline, responsibility, and integrity. PAK teachers have a strategic role in instilling moral and spiritual values ​​through role models and teachings applied in everyday life. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method to describe the work ethic of PAK teachers that contributes to the formation of students' character. The results of the study indicate that the work ethic of PAK teachers, which includes exemplary behavior, discipline, and commitment to the profession, has an impact on the formation of students' character at SMP Negeri 4 Tuhemberua. Students who are equipped with the basic work ethic of teachers show an increase in attitudes of discipline, responsibility, and honesty. The conclusion in this study is that strengthening the capacity of PAK teachers in integrating work ethic in all aspects of learning is useful for supporting the formation of students' character.

This study aims to examine the role of teachers in improving students' potential, with a focus on aspects of learning and character development. The role of teachers is very important in supporting the development of various student potentials, both in terms of academics and character, both of which contribute to students' readiness to face future challenges. This study uses a qualitative literature method. Data were collected through document analysis related to learning programs and extracurricular activities. The results of the study indicate that teachers play a role in identifying and exploring students' potential through creative and adaptive learning methods. The conclusion in this study shows that developing students' character by instilling moral values, discipline, and responsibility has an impact through direct role models, effective communication, and positive interactions between teachers and students. This study suggests the need for ongoing training for teachers so that they can be more optimal in developing students' academic and character potential.

Social media is one of the communication tools that has become an integral part of everyday life, especially for teenagers and the younger generation. This study focuses on the TikTok application. TikTok can affect children's moral character. Strong moral education is very important to protect children from the negative impacts of TikTok. This research method adopts a qualitative approach with a focus on in-depth interviews with students of SMA Negeri 10 Medan. The results of the study show that the use of TikTok among students at SMA Negeri 10 Medan has positive and negative impacts. The positive impacts include increased creativity, skills, and self-confidence, while the negative impacts include gadget addiction, the spread of age-inappropriate content, and academic disruption. Teachers' efforts to overcome these negative impacts involve education, supervision, and the use of TikTok for more positive purposes. Thus, it is important for students at SMA Negeri 10 Medan to use TikTok wisely and responsibly, and to understand the moral values ​​that are important in everyday life.

The research departs from the phenomenon of the development of Islamic boarding school education models with varying names and styles. Islamic boarding schools are faced with two important problems in adapting to the demands of the times, namely the problem of developing Islamic boarding school governance without abandoning tradition and the Islamic boarding school's identity in producing a generation with good morals. The research objectives are to identify the management of Sufistic curriculum development in Islamic boarding schools including; 1) Curriculum planning, 2) Curriculum organization, 3) Curriculum implementation, 4) Curriculum evaluation and 5) Impact of Islamic boarding school management in developing the Sufistic curriculum at Al-Istiqomah Islamic Boarding School and Al-Falah Biru Islamic Boarding School, Garut Regency. The research framework departs from George R. Terry's (1973) management theory, namely four management functions, namely: 1) Planning, 2) Organizing, 3) Actuating, 4) Controlling. The curriculum theory uses the Ralph W curriculum development model. Tyler curriculum development is carried out in systematic stages, namely; Objectives, Selecting Learning Experiences, Organizing Learning Experiences, Evaluation. Developing the Islamic boarding school curriculum has an impact on the morals of the students, as according to Sheikh Musthafa Al-Ghalayini, the implications of Sufistic moral values contribute to shaping behavior. This study uses a qualitative approach using the Ethnography method. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observations and documentation analysis. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman analysis technique. While the validity test is carried out with data validity by conducting tests; credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The results of the study found that the management of the development of the Islamic boarding school curriculum in preparing a generation with Sufi morals: First, the Islamic boarding school curriculum is included in the traditionalist model of the school, namely by showing its traditional and school character. Second, the organization of the curriculum content consists of the contents of the curriculum, data, concepts, generalizations, and subject matter at the Islamic Boarding School. Third, Curriculum development is categorized as a grass roots model where there are initiatives and efforts coming from below, namely ustadz and Islamic boarding schools in developing a curriculum that is designed by themselves to produce a generation with Sufi morals. Fourth, Curriculum evaluation refers to the Objective Model Evaluation model (objective model) carried out at the end of curriculum development, this assessment activity is often called summative evaluation. Fifth, The impact of curriculum management on the level of morals is shown by the nature of istiqomah, self-control, prioritizing Islamic and basyariyah brotherhood, tolerance, honesty, sincerity, istiqomah, patience, gratitude, politeness and helping each other. Sixth, Traditionalist Hypothetical Management Model of the School.

This research aims to analyze the role of ustadz in religious development of the Muslim community in Dusun II, Tuntungan II Village, Pancur Batu District, Deli Serdang Regency. The Ustadz has a central role in guiding the community in religious matters, both through teaching, guidance in worship, and strengthening morals and Islamic values. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, observation and documentation studies. This research found two things; Firstly, in the social structure of the Tuntungan village community, the ustadz has an important position, not only as a spiritual leader who provides religious guidance, but also as the main pillar in maintaining social harmony and strengthening religious values ​​in society. Second, the Ustadz plays an important function in cultivating Islamic teachings in the practice of daily life, he acts as a catalyst for change in society, as well as penetrating various social problems faced by society. Therefore, there is a need for further support from various parties, including the government and religious organizations, to strengthen the role of ustadz in religious formation

This research examines the relationship between Christian ethics, children's human rights, and parental responsibilities in the context of Christian families. Referring to ethical principles ethical principles derived from the Bible, this study highlights the importance of recognising children's children's rights as a mandate from God that must be protected and honoured by parents. Through a theological approach, this article explores how parents can fulfil their responsibilities in educating and raising children with love, justice and integrity. It also examines the challenges faced by Christian families in implementing Christian ethical values in the midst of changing social dynamics. Christian ethical values in the midst of changing social dynamics. By emphasising the importance of moral and spiritual education, this article aims to provide guidance for parents in fulfilling children's rights and creating a family environment that supports the growth of character in accordance with the teachings of Christ. The results are expected to contribute to a better understanding of the role of parents in the context of children's human rights and Christian ethics, and the implications for contemporary family life.

This paper aims to examine how the values of local customs and culture of South Tapanuli can be integrated in the character-building program of students in Madrasah. In the context of education, character is one of the important aspects that must be considered to form a generation that has good morality and a sense of love for the country. Along with the times, the process of preserving local culture is also increasingly threatened, so the integration of local culture in character education becomes very relevant. This paper uses a qualitative research method with a systematic literature review approach to identify cultural values that exist in South Tapanuli society, such as the concept of gotong royong, respect for parents, and the principles of simplicity and togetherness. These values are believed to be a strong foundation in the character-building process in Madrasahs, as well as instilling pride in the local culture itself. The results of this study indicate that the application of South Tapanuli customary and cultural values in character building in Madrasahs not only enriches the curriculum, but also strengthens social relations between students and between students and the surrounding environment.

In the era of Digital Society 5.0, the development of information and communication technology has had a significant impact on daily life, including in the field of education. Christian education has become an important component in the character formation of adolescents, particularly within the youth fellowship of the Evangelical Protestant Church in the Archipelago (GPIN) Bukit Asam. Parents play a central role in teaching religious values to their children, which will shape their character and morality amid the challenges of the digital era. This research will discuss how parents teach and implement Christian education for the character formation of adolescents at GPIN Bukit Asam, as well as the challenges and strategies faced in the digital context. The findings of this study contribute to understanding the role of parents in applying Christian education for the character formation of GPIN Bukit Asam adolescents in the 5.0 era.

The phenomenon of throning, which refers to the practice of seeking partners with high social status to enhance self-image, is increasingly prevalent among Generation Z. Although it may seem appealing, throning poses negative issues such as unrealistic expectations, a transactional view of relationships, and the potential for unhappiness that impacts individuals' mental health. This article aims to critically analyze throning behavior from the perspective of Christian Religious Education, emphasizing the importance of spiritual values in building healthy relationships. The research method employed is qualitative, using a literature review approach that involves analyzing written sources related to throning and Christian Religious Education. The findings indicate that throning contradicts the pursuit of a life partner, as well as the principles of love and respect for the intrinsic value of individuals taught in the Bible. The study concludes by affirming the need for a holistic approach to understanding relationships, grounded in spiritual values rather than social status. Recommendations for future research include more in-depth empirical studies on the impact of throning on mental health and interpersonal relationships, as well as a deeper exploration of Biblical knowledge, which highlights the importance of moral and spiritual values in relationship contexts, even in the digital age. It is hoped that individuals can build more authentic relationships through the lens of the Bible and glorify God.

This study aims to determine how moral and cultural values ​​are formed in the Ngeri-ngeri sedap film. This study uses a descriptive research type. The results of this study discuss several scenes related to the issue of family conflict in the Ngeri-Ngeri Sedap film. The issues include: parents who have the right to control their children, parents who tell their children to marry fellow Batak people to continue the culture, parents who tell their children to return from their travels, the cause of family conflict because each family member feels like they want to be heard but doesn't want to hear, and the role and opinions of women in this family are not considered. The relationship in the family is very eternal and eternal, therefore every conflict in the family must be resolved so that a harmonious family is realized.

The Society 5.0 era presents significant challenges in shaping the morality of the younger generation, particularly in navigating rapid technological advancements and the increasing flow of information. This study aims to examine strategies for developing moral values in the younger generation based on Islamic principles in the digital era, emphasizing the role of education, family, and social environment in fostering strong Islamic character. This research employs a literature review method by analyzing various sources related to moral concepts in Islam, the challenges of the Society 5.0 era, and applicable strategies for character development based on Islamic values. The findings indicate that adaptive religious education, strengthening the role of families, and the wise utilization of technology are key solutions in maintaining the moral integrity of the younger generation. With the right approach, young people can uphold strong character and Islamic values, enabling them to navigate the digital era wisely without losing their Islamic identity.

This study explores the implementation of reading yasin every Friday morning in improving IMTAQ of students at SMAN 17 Pekanbaru. Through Yasin reading activities carried out by students of the Professional Training Program (PLP) of the University of Muhammadiyah Riau (UMRI) every Friday morning. This activity is expected to be a means to instill spiritual and moral values ​​in students, as well as strengthen the relationship between students and students in the context of community service. The method used in this service is a participatory approach, where PLP students play an active role in facilitating and organizing Yasin reading activities. The results of this activity show an increase in students' spiritual awareness, which is reflected in their enthusiasm in participating in activities, as well as an increase in positive behavior in the school environment. In addition, this activity also succeeded in creating a more harmonious and religious atmosphere at SMAN 17 Pekanbaru. Thus, this yasin reading activity can be used as one of the routine programs to support the development of students' IMTAQ in schools.

This study aims to examine the role of differentiated instruction strategies in improving the quality of Islamic education. Using a qualitative descriptive approach through literature review, this research analyzes the concept, implementation, and impact of differentiation strategies on the effectiveness of learning in Islamic education. Differentiated instruction allows for the adaptation of teaching methods based on students' needs, learning styles, and individual potential, creating a more inclusive and adaptive learning environment. The findings indicate that implementing differentiation strategies whether in content, process, or product significantly enhances students' understanding of Islamic teachings. Additionally, these strategies increase students' learning motivation, active engagement, and help them develop character aligned with Islamic values. Teachers who apply differentiation strategies can be more flexible in delivering material and more responsive to individual student differences, making the learning process more effective and meaningful. The implications of this research emphasize that differentiation strategies play a crucial role in creating a higher-quality Islamic education system that remains relevant in an evolving era. Therefore, continuous efforts from educators and educational institutions are needed to adopt these strategies in order to produce a generation of Muslims who not only have a strong understanding of Islamic teachings but also possess the adaptability and moral character to face modern life challenges.

The Quran is the last holy book that is a guideline for the lives of Muslims which was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ to form noble morals. Many services have been brought to perfect the life of a Muslim. Among the rights that must be done by a Muslim is to pray for goodness to the Prophet ﷺ. The purpose of this study is to provide knowledge about the importance of praying to the Prophet. In this study, the author uses a literature study type of research by collecting document sources related to the focus of the study. This study explains that the content contained in the prayer has educational value in the form of faith education and moral education.

This research aims to explore the role of the Daarul Qur'an Al-Qur'an Education Park (TPA) in improving Al-Qur'an reading and developing children's morals in Air Bangis, West Pasaman. The method used is a qualitative approach with interview techniques, observation and documentation. The research subjects consisted of TPA managers, teachers, and children who took part in learning programs at the TPA. The research results show that TPA Daarul Qur'an has made a significant contribution to improving children's Al-Qur'an reading abilities, which is reflected in the development of more fluent and correct reading abilities. Apart from that, TPA also plays an active role in moral development, through teaching the moral values ​​contained in the Koran and the example set by its teachers. This moral development has a positive impact on children's attitudes and behavior, both at home and at school. Overall, this research concludes that TPA Daarul Qur'an makes a very important contribution to the spiritual and moral development of children in Air Bangis, West Pasaman.

Contextual learning is a learning approach that helps teachers connect what they teach to students' real-world situations and encourages students to make connections between their knowledge and its application in everyday life. This research aims to explore the application of the contextual learning model in the Aqidah Ahlak subject for students at MIN 1 and MIN 2 Nganjuk. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. Data was collected through observation, interviews and document analysis. The research results show that the application of the contextual learning model helps increase the understanding and application of moral values ​​among students. The implication of this research is the need to integrate contextual learning models in the teaching of Aqidah Ahlak subjects at MIN 1 and MIN 2 Nganjuk.

Research highlights the close relationship between humans and culture, especially in the context of Indonesia's indigenous tribes. The Timor Soe tribe, who inhabit the West Timor region, have unique traditions and views on life that are reflected in the design and symbolism of Ume Kbubu. This research aims to determine the perspective of the Timor Soe Tribe about humans through the symbolism and meaning of the traditional ume kbubu house. The research method used is a literature study with a qualitative approach to collect and analyze data from various literature sources. The research results show that Ume Kbubu not only functions as a place to live, but also as a symbol of the cultural and spiritual identity of the Timor Soe Tribe. This house depicts the social, moral, religious and political values ​​that are important in the life of the tribe. The Timor Soe Tribe's perspective on humans emphasizes a holistic relationship between humans and nature, where balance and respect for the environment are the main principles. The implications of this research show that an in-depth understanding of the cultural perspective of the Timor Soe Tribe can provide valuable insight into efforts to preserve culture and environmental sustainability. The values ​​of sustainability and balance adhered to by this tribe are relevant in facing current global challenges, such as climate change and environmental degradation. Thus, this research emphasizes the importance of maintaining and valuing cultural diversity as an integral part of human identity and sustainability.

This study examines the impact of Christian Religious Education Management on the spiritual development and character formation of children in Christian families, especially in the Tengko Klasis Walendrang Timur Congregation. This study emphasizes the basic role of the family as the primary environment in instilling moral and spiritual values, despite challenges arising from the negative influences of technological advances and modern lifestyles. Using a quantitative approach and purposive sampling technique, this study assesses how parental guidance—with the support of church education programs such as Sunday School and Catechism—contributes to the formation of a strong Christian identity in children. The results of the study indicate that effective education management, in which parents act as educators, motivators, facilitators, mentors, and role models, is essential to fostering sustainable spiritual growth and positive character. This study concludes that increased collaboration between families and churches is needed to strengthen spiritual education so that children can develop mature and resilient Christian characters.

This study explores the implementation of respect and tolerance through akhlak mahmudah (noble morals) in the multicultural environment of SD Fransiskus Bukittinggi, Indonesia. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected via classroom observations, interviews with teachers and stakeholders, and document analysis. Findings indicate that integrating akhlak mahmudah values—such as honesty, justice, and compassion—into the curriculum significantly enhances positive interactions among students from diverse cultural and religious backgrounds. Key success factors include active teacher roles as moral exemplars, participatory learning methods (e.g., group discussions and collaborative projects), and parental engagement. Challenges identified include resource limitations and varying teacher perceptions. The study underscores the effectiveness of holistic, value-based education in fostering inclusive attitudes and reducing social conflicts. Recommendations emphasize teacher training, innovative pedagogical strategies, and community collaboration to strengthen character education in multicultural settings.

The inability of rural banks to adapt to the changing global landscape, particularly owing to globalisation, could also have adverse effects on economically disadvantaged populations. This research aims to examine the dynamics of regulating rural banks in Indonesia, the pressing need for legal reforms in rural banks to address the problems posed by globalisation, and the legal reforms for rural banks that are based on the Values of Pancasila. The study methodology employed is the Normative Juridical approach. The research findings suggest that initially, the licencing and activities of the rural bank required permission from the Minister of Finance. However, after the amendment of Law Number 7 of 1992 concerning Banking with Law Number 10 of 1998, the licence for rural banks is now granted by the leadership of Bank Indonesia, as stated in Article 16 paragraph. Globalisation has a significant impact on community life, leading to the emergence of new requirements. One of these requirements is the need for easier transactions, which can be achieved through the digitalisation of banking or the provision of electronic banking facilities. Consequently, legal reforms for banking institutions need to be implemented, taking into account the noble values of the nation as reflected in the moral principles of Pancasila. These values include morality, respect, protection of human rights without discrimination, unity, social justice in the economic and community sectors, and the realisation of people’s sovereignty and adherence to the law.