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Marriage in Indonesia is regulated by Law Number 1 of 1974 which requires implementation according to religious law, but interfaith marriages often cause problems, especially in inheritance rights. Indonesia recognizes three inheritance law systems: Islamic, civil, and customary, which regulate inheritance differently. Children from interfaith marriages often face inheritance obstacles, especially if there are differences of faith between the testator and the heirs. Several court decisions provide inheritance rights through a mandatory will, but are limited to one-third of the inheritance. Existing solutions include preparing a clear will, mediating disputes, and involving a notary to validate documents. A comprehensive approach through legal education and collaboration between the government, non-governmental organizations, and the community is needed to provide legal certainty and justice for children from interfaith marriages.

The writing of this thesis is motivated by the many problems that occur to the younger generation that show moral degradation. This thesis aims to find out the concept of moral education values in the book Al-Usfuriyyah by Shaykh Muhammad bin Abu Bakar Al-Ushfuri and its relevance to modern Islamic education. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods with library research data collection techniques and data analysis using content analysis. The results of the study that 1) The values of moral education are an effort to form a noble person through teaching about manners, morals and ethics. 2) The content of the book of Al-Usfuriyyah covers three aspects, namely spiritual aspects (creed), moral aspects (morals), and legal aspects (sharia). 3) The values of moral education in the book of Al-Ushfuriyyah inclaud morals to Allah SWT, morals to oneself, morals to others, morals to nature. 4) The values of moral education in the book of Al-Usfuriyyah are relevant to be implemented to overcome the moral degradation that occurs, because it emphasizes the importance of fostering faith and morals as the basis for good character building.

Social interaction between Muslims and non-Muslims is an important theme in communal life. The Qur'an provides clear guidance on how Muslims should interact with people of different faiths. Based on the interpretations of scholars such as M. Quraish Shihab, Hamka, Imam al-Razi, Ahmad Mushthafa al-Maraghi, and Dr. Aidh Qarny, social interaction between Muslims and non-Muslims should be based on the principles of mutual respect, kindness, and fairness. Qur'anic verses such as Surah Al-Mumtahanah 8, Surah Al-Hujurat 13, and Surah Al-Ankabut 46 emphasize the importance of maintaining good relations without coercion in belief and avoiding hateful debates, especially against the unjust. Islam teaches that debates conducted in a good and wise manner will strengthen interfaith relationships and bring people closer to the truth. In this context, Islam emphasizes the importance of maintaining good character in all forms of social interaction to foster peace and harmony in society.

Entrepreneurship is one of the main pillars of economic development in modern societies. However, the practice of entrepreneurship often faces complex ethical and moral challenges amidst the dynamics of globalization. This article aims to explore how the values of Christian religious education can provide a spiritual and ethical foundation in addressing these challenges. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this research examines a range of relevant academic literature, including articles and books, to illustrate the potential integration between Christian religious education and entrepreneurial spirit development. The results show that values such as integrity, justice, responsibility and love can serve as moral guidelines for Christian entrepreneurs to face modern challenges without losing the essence of their faith. Christian religious education plays a role not only in shaping individual character, but also in creating entrepreneurs who have the vision to bring positive social impact. The findings emphasize the importance of a holistic approach in education that integrates spiritual values and entrepreneurial practices to create a more equitable and sustainable society. This research is expected to contribute to the development of a Christian values-based entrepreneurship education model, as well as a solution to the moral challenges in entrepreneurship in the modern era.

Drugs can penetrate all levels of society that do not recognize boundaries of status, age or gender. Drugs have become a part of culture in every country that has not yet eradicated them optimally. In the Indonesian context, the widespread use of illegal drugs among youth is of particular note, because they are human resources for building the nation. In fact, most people start using drugs at a young age. In aspects of life, it seems as if drugs have become a lifestyle for young people. For example, juvenile delinquency - such as free sex, drunkenness which occurs as a result of drug use. Victims of drug abuse are people who are dependent. Dependence is usually motivated by a lack of meaning in life and high levels of stress experienced by drug users. Pastoral counseling services are one of the therapies for their recovery in addition to medical, psychiatric and psychosocial therapy. Through pastoral counseling services, we will have a goal in writing articles, namely those that are characterized by increasing meaning in life and decreasing stress levels. It even brings them to know God better and to live with faith full of hope. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature review using a content analysis approach. And knowledge about how to overcome the meaning of life and stress using an Existential approach. 

This article traces the evolution of Christian religious education from the past to the present, and projects its challenges and opportunities for the future. Through historical analysis, the article reveals how Christian religious education has adapted to the context of the times and current trends, including the influence of technology and globalization. The article also discusses the challenges faced, such as religious pluralism and changing moral values, and highlights the importance of adaptation and innovation so that Christian religious education remains relevant and effective in forming a generation of young people who are faithful and have noble character.

This research investigates the connection between faith and knowledge as outlined in Surah Al-Mujadalah, particularly focusing on the two key conditions for attaining higher ranks in the sight of Allah SWT: tafassuh fil majlis (creating space in gatherings) and bersegera dalam melakukan kebaikan (rushing to do good deeds). These principles emphasize that faith and knowledge should not be mere theoretical concepts but must be reflected in practical actions that benefit society and align with Islamic values. The analysis uses a tafsir approach and social context to elucidate how these conditions serve as indicators of true faith and knowledge. By examining relevant scholarly opinions and historical contexts, this paper explains the significance of these conditions in fostering social harmony and personal development, ultimately leading to spiritual elevation. The application of these principles in daily life results in a positive societal impact and the elevation of one's status in the eyes of Allah SWT. Thus, the study reinforces that faith and knowledge, when paired with humble  

Shirk, the sin of associating partners with Allah, poses a significant threat to the foundation of faith among Muslims. In the Qur'an, shirk is described as the greatest sin that will not be forgiven except through sincere repentance. This article aims to explore the concept of shirk, define its various forms, and provide examples of major (akbar) and minor (ashgar) shirk. Using a qualitative approach, this research analyzes Islamic literature and Qur'anic verses to examine the impact of shirk on the spiritual and moral lives of Muslims. The findings indicate that shirk can damage an individual's relationship with Allah and threaten moral integrity. In modern contexts, shirk may also manifest in subtle forms, such as materialism. Education on Tawhid, emphasizing the oneness of Allah, is crucial in preventing shirk. This study seeks to raise awareness about the dangers of shirk and the importance of maintaining pure faith. With a better understanding of shirk, it is hoped that individuals can avoid such practices and align their lives with Islamic teachings.

This journal aims to explore the contextualization of theology in the development of the church in East Asia, focusing on the interaction between the teachings of the gospel and local traditional belief systems. The approach used in this study is a qualitative method. The findings of this study show that churches in East Asia attempt to integrate fundamental Christian teachings and adapt to local cultural needs and customs. The research found that despite efforts to create worship that is more relevant to local cultures, churches are still careful not to mix Christian teachings with traditions that could undermine the core teachings of the faith. In addition, the research also found that there is a difficulty in finding a balance between liturgical innovation and maintaining the holiness of Christian teachings. Too much adaptation to local cultural elements can lead to a loss of authentic Christian identity, while too little adaptation can make Christianity difficult to be accepted by society. To deal with this kind of conflict, churches in East Asia have endeavored to develop theologies rooted in their local traditions. In this way, churches in East Asia seek to create a deeper understanding of how the gospel can interact with the social, cultural and spiritual needs of local communities. One of the important findings of this study is also the importance of active congregational participation in the contextualization process. This congregational participation and diologetics help local churches to be more sensitive to existing social and cultural dynamics, as well as make a greater contribution in determining relevant forms of worship and teaching. This includes the avoidance of practices that could lead to syncretism, i.e. the mixing of Christian teachings with traditional elements that are contrary to the Christian faith.

Christian Religious Education (PAK) in the digital era faces great challenges as well as opportunities to develop through learning innovation. With a theological foundation such as Ephesians 2:10, this education does not only aim to develop cognitive aspects, but also to shape character oriented towards personal and spiritual transformation. PAK teachers are required to be inspirers who integrate faith values with innovative learning approaches, such as the utilisation of digital technology, the development of student-based learning models, and the application of creative methods, such as gamification and blended learning.However, this digital transformation is not without obstacles. In Palu City, geographical challenges, technological limitations, and diverse student backgrounds are important issues that need to be addressed. By implementing strategies such as teacher training, collaboration with churches, and contextualised curriculum development, PAK can adapt and be relevant to the times. This research uses a literature review to explore the concept and implementation of innovations in PAK, including improving teachers' skills in technology, learning management, and communication. The results show that a constructivism-based approach, which emphasises hands-on experience and active learning, can improve learning effectiveness. The synergy between technology, faith and local context is the key to the success of Christian education that is able to produce a generation with character and competence to face the digital era..    

This research examines the function of catechists in carrying out and spreading the good news through evangelism in modern times. Catechists, who act as teachers and guides in the faith, hold the important responsibility of conveying Christ's teachings to the faithful, including not only the transmission of theological information but also the development of character and spirituality. Catechists are individuals trusted and appointed by the Church to proclaim God's work of salvation. In this situation, digital media is very important as a tool to reach the younger generation and the wider community. In the postmodern era, where skepticism is increasingly widespread, catechists are expected to become more creative and innovative in their approaches. The testimony of the catechist's life is also considered a major factor that can influence the acceptance of the Gospel message by the congregation. Their life in the community must be able to be an example or role model for the people. In addition, this research explores the role of catechists in developing people's faith through religious education programs that are relevant to everyday life. Challenges faced by catechists, such as lack of support from the Church community and limited resources, coincide with efforts to increase the effectiveness of evangelism. The method used is qualitative.

This study aims to determine the implementation of the karawitan extracurricular program at MA Al-Muttaqien Pancasila Sakti Klaten. To determine the instillation of Islamic religious education values through the karawitan extracurricular program at MA Al-Muttaqien Pancasila Sakti Klaten. To determine the results achieved in the instillation of Islamic Religious Education values through the karawitan extracurricular program at MA Al-Muttaqien Pancasila Sakti Klaten. This type of research is qualitative research, which is a study aimed at describing and analyzing phenomena, events, social activities, attitudes, beliefs, perceptions, thoughts of people individually or in groups. This study has two objectives, namely, the first to describe and reveal and the second to describe and explain. The type of research used in this thesis is field research, which is a type of research that seeks to collect information data regarding problems in the field. Data collection techniques with observation, interviews and documentation. The location of this research is at MA Al-Muttaqien Pancasila Sakti Klaten. The subjects of this study were the Principal of MA Al-Muttaqien Pancasila Sakti Klaten, the instructor of the karawitan extracurricular program of MA Al-Muttaqien Pancasila Sakti Klaten, the Islamic Religious Education Teacher of MA Al-Muttaqien Pancasila Sakti Klaten and the students of MA Al-Muttaqien Pancasila Sakti Klaten. The results of this study are that the karawitan extracurricular program at MA Al-Muttaqien Pancasila Sakti Klaten aims to preserve Javanese culture, especially karawitan. The implementation of the karawitan extracurricular program at MA Al-Muttaqien Pancasila Sakti Klaten is attended by students of grades X and XI which is carried out routinely once a week every Monday. Learning is carried out both in theory and practice. Supporting factors for the implementation of the karawitan extracurricular program include teachers who are competent in their fields, student interest or enthusiasm, and the existence of a karawitan extracurricular program implementation schedule. The obstacles are the facilities and infrastructure that are not yet complete. instilling the values of Islamic Religious Education through the extracurricular gamelan program at MA Al-Muttaqien Pancasila Sakti Klaten has 3 aspects, namely faith, morals and worship.

This article examines the story of David’s election as king of Israel in 1 Samuel 16:1-13 through a historical-critical approach. The focus of this study is to understand how God chooses based on the heart, not the outward appearance, as emphasized in verse 7. This study highlights the differences between how humans and God judge a person, as well as the importance of inner qualities in choosing a leader. Through this analysis, it is found that God asserts His sovereignty and prioritizes faithfulness, humility, and obedience as the main criteria in determining the leader of His people. This story is theologically and practically relevant to today’s life, especially in character development and spiritual leadership.  

This community service program aims to improve mental health for individuals with mental disorders (ODGJ) through a Christian counseling approach at Panti Gerasa Kerawang. The activities are carried out by providing individual and group counseling sessions that integrate the principles of love, forgiveness, and healing from Christian teachings. Additionally, training is provided for the panti staff to strengthen their skills in supporting ODGJ with empathy and in alignment with spiritual values. The expected outcomes are an improvement in the quality of life of the panti residents through activities such as: 1) Joint Worship, 2) Group Games and Coloring, 3) Implementation of Counseling Sessions, and 4) Teaching and Counseling Training for Panti Staff. The conclusion of this program is expected to enhance the mental resilience of the residents and help them overcome the psychological challenges they face. Panti staff are also involved in training to strengthen their ability to conduct faith-based counseling approaches. At the end of the program, it is hoped that the residents will experience significant improvements in mental health and be better prepared to lead a more fulfilling life.

Christian religious education has a long history rooted in the teachings of Christ. In its development, this education does not only focus on theological doctrine, but also includes social and cultural norms that are relevant to the times. This article discusses the transformation of Christian religious education from traditional dogmatic methods to a more inclusive, interactive, and contextual approach along with the influence of globalization and technological advances. Significant changes have occurred in the curriculum which now integrates contemporary topics such as ethics and interfaith dialogue. More participatory teaching methods and the use of digital media are also described as responses to modern challenges such as secularism and individualism. This article also highlights the important role of Christian religious education institutions, such as churches, Christian schools, seminaries, and the media, in maintaining the relevance of Christian teachings. Amid global challenges, innovation in Christian religious education is considered crucial to remain relevant and effective in shaping the faith and character of Christians in the future.

Blasphemy in the context of Quranic exegesis is a highly relevant topic in religious and Islamic legal discourse. This paper aims to examine the concept of blasphemy from the perspective of Quranic interpretation, as well as how the interpretation of verses related to religious insults can influence the understanding of Muslims regarding the limits of freedom of speech and religious practices. This research utilizes a qualitative method with a contextual exegesis approach to analyze the verses often associated with blasphemy. The findings indicate that the interpretation of these verses heavily depends on the historical and social context, as well as the jurisprudential approach used in understanding Islamic laws. Furthermore, this paper highlights the importance of tolerance and respect for differences in faith when addressing issues of blasphemy, and the need for a wise approach in interpreting sacred texts. Finally, the paper suggests the necessity of interfaith dialogue and a more inclusive approach in discussing issues of blasphemy to avoid conflict and maintain social harmony.    

This study aims to design an innovative and relevant Christian Religious Education (PAK) curriculum for catechism at HKBP Palmarum. This curriculum is designed by integrating local wisdom values ​​to strengthen students' faith. The research method used is a quantitative method. The results of the study indicate that local wisdom is relevant to Christian teachings, PAK material is adjusted to effective learning methods. The curriculum developed is expected to improve students' understanding of Christian teachings, strengthen their relationship with God, and encourage them to apply Christian values ​​in everyday life, while preserving local wisdom values. "The results of the study indicate that the design of the PAK curriculum based on local wisdom has great potential in increasing learning motivation, deep understanding of Christian teachings, and appreciation of moral values. In addition, this curriculum can also strengthen the relationship between the church and the surrounding community.

This study aims to analyze the concepts of solidarity and social justice from the perspective of the Catholic Church as taught in the Octogesima Adveniens. The Church's social teachings, especially those related to solidarity and social justice, have an important role in encouraging the formation of a more just and humane society. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method to analyze the main texts in Octogesima Adveniens as well as other relevant documents of the Church's social teachings. Content analysis was conducted to explore the concepts of solidarity and social justice contained in the encyclical, as well as its relation to the social, economic and political challenges of the time. The results show that the teachings in Octogesima Adveniens are still very relevant to be applied in dealing with the problem of social inequality in the modern world, with an emphasis on the importance of active participation of the faithful in changing unjust social structures. Solidarity and social justice, according to the Church, are not just a matter of theory, but also require real action to realize more just social change. The study concludes that the Church has an important role in guiding Catholics to realize a more inclusive and just society, and provides recommendations for the application of the principles of the Church's social teachings in today's socio-political context.

The aim of this research is to find out how Islamic Religious Education teachers at SDN 02 Maek, Limapuluh Kota Regency contribute to the implementation of mandatory student prayers. Data was collected for this research using qualitative descriptive methodology through observation, interviews and documentation. Even though elementary school learning hours are limited to performing midday prayers in congregation at PAI schools, teachers still carry out their role in helping students perform obligatory prayers, according to research findings. This is what happened to the Islamic Religious Education Teacher at SDN 02 Maek. At SDN 01 Maek, PAI professors participate in student prayer in several ways, including: The instructor provides information about prayer and applies it to students' actual situations. Islamic Religious Education Teachers convey information by connecting what they have learned so far with what students already know. Religious Education in Islam Teachers inspire students to participate in obligatory prayers by providing examples and inspiration regarding the importance of doing so. Religious Education in Islam By requiring children to pray every day at every school level, teachers provide direction and guidance. Religious Education in Islam Teachers educate by encouraging students to understand the meaning of each movement in prayer. Teaching the Islamic faith Instructors work with parents of students. Religious Education in Islam Instructors assess their students' ability to perform the required prayers.

The moral crisis experienced by Generation Z in the digital era is a major challenge triggered by globalization and rapid technological developments. This generation is often influenced by digital culture which can shift important moral values. Education, especially Islamic education, plays a key role in overcoming this problem by instilling moral values, digital ethics and social responsibility. Islamic education can help shape the character of the younger generation by equipping them with strong morality, critical thinking, and the ability to navigate the digital world wisely. Therefore, it is important to integrate moral and spiritual education so that generation Z can face it with integrity and wisdom. Islamic education that prioritizes faith and ethical values ​​has the potential to be the main solution in facing this moral crisis