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Every teenager needs something called self-confidence because self-confidence plays an important role in developing personality and skills to become better. Problems that affect the self-confidence of teenagers living in social institutions include teenagers who have an inferior and shy attitude when appearing in public, often isolate themselves, do not focus on studying, and are reluctant to express their opinions. This can cause teenagers to regret the situation. The purpose of this study was to determine and describe how emotional support from caregivers increases the self-confidence of late adolescents, and to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors in providing emotional support from caregivers to late adolescents. This research method uses a qualitative approach with data obtained from observations, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that emotional support provided by caregivers, seen through consistent empathy, sincere concern, responsive attention, and appreciation through praise, increases the self-confidence and motivation of adolescents. Encouragement for active participation and responsibility also helps adolescents overcome fears and develop their potential. Supporting factors include adolescents' openness to advice, while rejection of help is an inhibiting factor. Case studies show that emotional support and positive social interactions significantly increase self-confidence, with positive changes observed in late adolescents at the Taruna Jaya 1 social care center for adolescents.

This research aims to analyze the factors behind the rejection of land vacancy by recipients of land use rights in Numponi Village, East Malaka District, Malacca Regency. Employing an empirical legal research method, the study integrates primary data obtained through interviews and secondary data gathered from literature studies. The data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach. The findings reveal that the refusal to vacate land stems from a combination of internal and external factors. Internal factors include claims made by the right holders over the land, fulfillment of tax obligations, and the perception of ownership by the recipients of use rights. Meanwhile, external factors involve economic interests, cultural values, the influence of a matrilineal customary system that is not yet fully understood by the disputing parties, and a general lack of public awareness regarding agrarian law and the necessity of formal land documentation such as certificates. The study highlights the critical need for better dissemination of agrarian legal knowledge and formal land administration practices within local communities to prevent future disputes and ensure legal certainty over land use rights.

This study aims to discuss the views of the community in Tuntungan Village, Pancur Batu Sub-District, towards veiled students from the State Islamic University of North Sumatra Medan. Veiled students often face various responses from the community, ranging from acceptance to rejection. Some people think that the veil is part of a symbol of obedience in religion and the identity of Muslim women who obey the teachings of Islam. But others reject the use of the veil, because it is often influenced by negative stigmas that associate it with radicalism or terrorism. This research uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach to deeply understand the views of the community and the factors that influence it. This research found that there are differences in people's views that are not only nfluenced by religious understanding, but also by the level of education, exposure to information and direct interaction by veil users.

This research aimed to examine the effect of the CERDAS learning model on student learning outcomes. The research employed a quasi-experimental method with a non-equivalent prest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of students from class X Merdeka 3, serving as the experimental group, and class X Merdeka 1 as the control group. Both from SMA Negeri 7 Prasetya Gorontalo. These classes were selected using purposive sampling. The research instrument was an objective test. The results revealed a significant difference in the average scores between the experimental and control classes. Specifically, the average student learning outcome in the experimental group was 79,77, while in the control group, it was 67,27. Hypothesis testing using the t-tes yielded tcount value > ttable, indicated the tcount (2,99) was greater than the ttable value (2,01), which led to the rejection of H0 and confirmation of H1, Confirming that the CERDAS learning model had a significant effect on student learning outcomes. Additionally, the N-Gain test showed a moderate effect (0,68), indicating that the CERDAS learning model is fairly effective in improving student learning outcomes.

Interfaith marriage is a complex issue with far-reaching legal, religious and social implications. This research analyzes the role of Islamic law in addressing interfaith marriage, focusing on the dynamics between harmonization and conflict. Through a literature review and survey, this research identifies the factors that influence the acceptance or rejection of interfaith marriage from an Islamic perspective. According to the questionnaire survey results, the majority of respondents rejected interfaith marriage absolutely, reflecting the strong traditional views in the Muslim community. However, there are also groups that allow these marriages under certain conditions, such as one of the couple converting. This shows the plurality of views in Islamic society regarding the issue of interfaith marriage. This shows the dynamics between religious norms and complex social realities in the context of interfaith marriage globally. Although Islamic law generally prohibits interfaith marriage, social practice shows that there are variations in its application.

This research will analyze social changes in the main character in the novel Berkisar Merah by Ahmad Tohari. The novel Berkisar Merah is an object in this research, a novel with a background of a woman’s struggle in her life and Javanese culture in modern society which presents a new idea about cultural and social reconstruction which gives birth to new views, attitudes and ideas regarding humanitarian issues. The struggle of the female characters in the novel Bekisar Merah appears in an effort to fight all manifestations of gender injustice, in the form of subordination, stereotypes and violence. The struggle carried out by Lasi’s character takes the form of arguments for the spirit of equality through the vision of his novel, rejection of violence against women’s sexuality, as well as arguments for the truth about the meaning of women and men. Through the resistance of the female characters in the novel, it can be seen that the problem of male domination over women stems from gender issues, not sex. The aim of this research is to examine social changes in the main character in the novel Berkisar Merah by Ahmad Tohari. This type of research is qualitative research. The data in this research are words that come from novel quotations, and the data source in this research is the novel Berkisar Merah by Ahmad Tohari. The data collection technique used in this research is reading and taking notes. Data analysis technique by classifying data including social changes in the main character in the novel Berkisar Merah by Ahmad Tohari, marking the words and making conclusions.  

Against the background of differences in understanding and views, both in matters of divinity, views of the Bible, and the rules of worship and celebration of major holidays. The understanding of the Kingdom Hall of Jehovah's Witnesses is different from the understanding of Protestant Christians in general, Jehovah's Witnesses do not recognize the concept of the Triune God, do not use the sign of the cross either in places of worship or for funerals. This study is based on the results of research conducted in the field with qualitative research and using a case study approach. Jehovah's Witnesses prioritize Easter celebrations over Christmas celebrations, because there are no verses in the holy book that encourage Christians to celebrate Christmas. Jehovah's Witnesses are a Christian denomination known for its unique interpretation of the Bible. They emphasized the importance of God's name, Jehovah, and rejected the doctrine of the Trinity or the concept of a Triune God. This community is also known for its door-to-door preaching activities and rejection of Christmas celebrations. This paper will discuss a brief history, core beliefs, and religious practices of Jehovah's Witnesses, as well as analyze their relationships with communities of other religious groups and society's views of these groups

Aceh Province is the only one in Indonesia that is given the authority to implement Islamic law in all aspects of community life. One aspect that is of concern to the Aceh government is the enforcement of Islamic law. Where, if there is a violation of Islamic law, the perpetrator will be subject to sanctions in the form of ta'zir with a punishment of caning in accordance with the level of his/her guilt after receiving a final verdict from the Aceh Sharia Court. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature study type of research. In this case, the researcher examines various existing literature related to the implementation of caning punishment, both from books, journals, articles, and even print and electronic media. The results of the literature study show that the implementation of caning punishment in Aceh faces various obstacles in the form of limited budget, human resources, and rejection from many parties who view the implementation of caning punishment as contrary to respect for Human Rights (HAM).

Collecting taxes is the main sources for countries to generate revenues to finance goverment expenditure and investments in human capital, infrastructure, and the provision of services for the society. Value added taxes (VAT) as one of collecting taxes process  to generate the government’s revenue. The  aim of this study is  to  find  out  the implementation of VAT collection at PT PLN Indonesia Power UBP Suralaya as State-Owned Enterprises is a mandatory VAT collector according to Minister of Finance Decree Number.30/KMK.03/2021 with last amended by Minister of Finance Decree Number.240/KMK.03/2022  and also to find out the obstacles during the implementation of VAT collection at PT PLN Indonesia Power UBP Suralaya. The method used in this study is a descriptive method. Data collection methods by using interview methods, literature study methods, and documentation methods. The results of this study finds that the PT PLN Indonesia Power UBP Suralaya has carried out the collection and deposit of VAT procedure. However, there were obstacles when preparing and uploading tax invoices in which the failures or rejections occurred due to internet network disruptions

Makassar New Port Port is an alternative port that is used only to accommodate containers that can no longer be accommodated by the Soekarno-Hatta port which has almost reached the maximum limit of container loads that can be accommodated. Even though this port has had a positive impact on the sustainability of the economy in Indonesia and Makassar, there are still several problems faced by this port. Such as the rejection made by fishermen who do not agree with the presence or construction of the Makassar New Port in Makassar because it interferes with their fishing activities. The port responded to this problem well by transmitting directly to the fishermen how to solve it. In this research, the author uses maritime diplomacy theory and international political economy theory in its creation. This research is also to obtain information about the potential and challenges of the Makassar New Port port.

The humanity and sinlessness of Jesus Christ in carrying out His mission in the world, has always been an interesting theme and invites debate, both among theologians and secularists. Human weakness in understanding and accepting the fact of the dual nature of Jesus Christ, presents various skeptical views, rejections and refutations, including suspicion and doubt that in carrying out His mission, Jesus did not act in His sinless human nature, but in His holy divine nature. However, whatever the forms of rejection, suspicion and debate against that view, the truth of God's Word is accurate evidence and at the same time an answer. This study aims to test the truth that during His mission in the world, Jesus was a true sinless human being, using a method using a qualitative approach using secondary techniques through literature studies.The humanity and sinlessness of Jesus Christ in carrying out His mission in the world has always been an interesting theme and has invited debate, both among theologians and secularists. Human weakness in understanding and accepting the fact of the dual nature of Jesus Christ, presents various views of skepticism, rejection and refutation, not least the suspicion and doubt that in carrying out His mission, Jesus did not act in His sinless human nature, but in His holy divine nature. However, whatever the forms of rejection, suspicion and debate regarding this view, the truth of God's Word is accurate evidence and at the same time the answer that Jesus' human nature is real and during the mission of His redemptive work Jesus acted with His sinless human nature. The results of the study concluded that Jesus' humanity was real, and during his redemptive mission, Jesus acted with a sinless humanity. This study confirms that even though Jesus experienced a full human life, including suffering and weakness, He still lived without sin and without moral fault. This is an important belief in Christian theology that emphasizes that Jesus' humanity does not diminish His purity and holiness in carrying out his redemptive mission for humanity.

The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the criminological study of violence committed by women in Kupang City.  This research is an empirical legal research, the sources and types of data in this study are primary data obtained from interviews at the Kupang City Police, Kupang Class II B Women's Correctional Institution and in the community and secondary data obtained from literature studies, then processed by checking, reconstructing, after which the material is regularly fixed so that it is easy to understand. From this study, the author can conclude that the factors that cause violence by women in Kupang City are classified into two, namely internal factors, namely prolonged stress and external factors, namely economic factors, environmental factors, and opportunity factors. Apart from that, the reaction of the people of Kupang City to violence committed by women in Kupang City consists of reactions in the form of rejection, understanding, and indifferent reactions from the community.

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach on students' creative thinking abilities in Christian religious and character education subjects in class XII at SMK Negeri 1 Sipoholon, North Tapanuli Regency for the 2024/2025 academic year. The method used in this research is a quantitative research method with Pre-Experimental One Shot Case Study statistics. The population was all class Data was collected using a 20 item questionnaire. The results of data analysis show that there is an influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach on students' creative thinking abilities in the Christian religious and character education subjects in class XII at SMK Negeri 1 Sipoholon, North Tapanuli Regency for the 2024/2025 academic year. Test analysis requirements, namely tcount = 8.376 > ttable = 2.042. It is known that the tcount value is in the area of ​​rejection of H0 and acceptance of Ha, so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach on students' creative thinking abilities in Christian religious and character education subjects in class XII at SMK Negeri 1 Sipoholon, North Tapanuli Regency for the 2024/2025 academic year.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Mastery Learning Model on learning outcomes of Christian Religious Education and Budi Pekerti Learning Year 2024/2025. The research hypothesis is: "There is an Effect of Mastery Learning Model on Student Learning Outcomes of Christian Religious Education and Budi Pekerti class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Sipahutar Learning Year 2023/2024." The population is all VIII grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Sipahutar for the 2024/2025 Learning Year, totaling 252 people. The research sample was determined with a purposive sampling system, namely VIII-2 class students totaling 31 people as an experimental class using the Mastery Learning Model and VIII-1 class totaling 31 people as a control class that did not use the Mastery Learning Model. This research method is a quantitative approach with a true experimental design method and with a posttest only control group design. The instrument used in this research is a test question as many as 30 questions. Research data for questionnaires were analyzed using the Pooled Variance t test formula. From the calculation results obtained t count value = 13.727 > t table(α = 5%) = 2.000. The tcount value is in the H0 rejection and Ha acceptance curve area. Thus it can be concluded that the research hypothesis is accepted, namely that there is an effect of the Mastery Learning Model on the Learning Outcomes of Christian Religious Education Students and Budi Pekerti class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Sipahutar Learning Year 2024/2025. The difference in learning outcomes of Christian Religious Education and Ethics students in class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Sipahutar in the 2024/2025 Learning Year is known from the average learning outcomes of Christian Religious Education and ethics students by using the Mastery Learning Model is 28.06 higher than the average learning outcomes of Christian Religious Education and ethics students by not using the Mastery Learning Model which is 21.77.

The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of Contextual Learning on the Learning Motivation of Christian Religious Education in grade V of SD Negeri 173551 Laguboti for the 2024/2025 Academic Year. The method used in this study is a quantitative research method with the statistics of the Pre-Experimental The One Shot Case Study. The population is all grade V students of SD Negeri 173551 Laguboti which totals 54 people and a sample of 48 people is determined using the Slovin formula. Data was collected with a questionnaire of 30 items. The results of data analysis showed that there was an influence of Contextual Learning on the Learning Motivation of Christian Religious Education in grade V of SD Negeri 173551 Laguboti for the 2024/2025 Academic Year. The analysis requirements test is t table = 2.021 > t cal = 3.022 > t table = 2.021. It is known that the tcount value is in the area of rejection of H0 and acceptance of Ha, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that there is an influence of Contextual Learning on the Learning Motivation of Christian Religious Education in grade V of SD Negeri 173551 Laguboti for the 2024/2025.

The purpose of this study is to determine the Effectiveness of Visual Learning Activity in Christian Religious Education through the Application of the Auditory Intellectually Repetition Learning Model for Grade XI Students of SMA Negeri 2 Pematang Siantar for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. The method used in this study is a quantitative research method with the statistics of the Pre-Experimental The One Shot Case Study. The population is all students in grade XI of SMA Negeri 2 Pematang Siantar and a sample of 31 people with purposive sampling techniques or samples taken intentionally. Data was collected with a questionnaire of 26 items. The results of the data analysis show that there is an Effectiveness of Visual Learning Activity in Christian Religious Education through the Application of the Auditory Intellectually Repetition Learning Model for Grade XI Students of SMA Negeri 2 Pematang Siantar for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. The analysis requirements test are –ttable = -2.042 > tcal = 9.856 > ttable = 2.042. It is known that the tcount value is at the area of rejection of H0 and acceptance of Ha, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that there is an increase in the Effectiveness of Visual Learning Activity of Christian Religious Education through the implementation of the Auditory Intellectually Repetition Learning Model, which is 86.55 in the post-test and 69.32 in the pre-test in Grade XI Students of SMA Negeri 2 Pematang Siantar for the 2023/2024 Academic Year.    

The infancy period is a crucial phase for a child's growth and development, where attention to sleep and stimulation is paramount. Sleep disturbances, such as sleeping less than nine hours per night, frequent awakenings, and difficulty returning to sleep, can affect a baby's emotions and development. This study aims to explore the impact of infant massage on the quality of sleep in infants. The method used was a pre-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest design, conducted at the Sei Langkai Public Health Center in Batam City from July to August 2023. The sample consisted of 15 infants selected through purposive sampling. The independent variable was infant massage, and the dependent variable was the quality of infant sleep. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and the Wilcoxon test to assess differences before and after the intervention. The results showed a p-value of 0.001, which is less than 0.05, leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis (H0). This indicates that infant massage has a significant effect on the quality of infant sleep. In conclusion, infant massage is effective in improving the quality of infant sleep and can be recommended as an intervention to address sleep disturbances in infants in the Sei Langkai Public Health Center area.

The relocation of Jakarta's capital to the National Capital Region (IKN) has sparked a heated debate in public policy circles. This article delves into the reasons why the House of Representatives (DPR) rejected the proposal, highlighting several key factors. The financial aspect was a major concern, given the high cost of building new infrastructure in IKN Nusantara, particularly in light of limited state funds and other development priorities. The social impact was also an important consideration, as population displacement, changes in lifestyle, and economic uncertainty were among the many potential consequences of moving the capital. Additionally, environmental issues such as ecosystem damage and increased pollution were also significant points of concern. Political stability was another crucial factor in the DPR's decision, as the potential disruption to stability caused by the move would need to be carefully assessed. The DPR has emphasized the importance of broad public consultation to ensure that any proposed relocation is supported by the community. An article highlights South Africa's successful capital relocation as an example of effective planning, strong public participation, and the resolution of infrastructure issues. These remarks can be applied to the Indonesian context to achieve a successful relocation.

The low level of PAI learning activity among students is the driving force for this study. It is believed that the use of learning techniques is inextricably linked to this low activity in PAI learning. Index Card Match is one of the instructional strategies that is thought to have an impact on students' learning activities. to determine if there is a noteworthy impact on Index Card Match use. In order to go toward active learning, the author must carry out experimental study. The Quasy Experiment Design approach was used as the research method in this quantitative study. The location of this study is SDIT Juara Padang Panjang. Class IV A, IV B, and IV C, which were selected at random from 76 students' PTS scores, made up the study's population. Class IV A served as the experimental class and Class IV B as the control class. A questionnaire was one of the research tools utilized in this study (questionnaire). The t-test and F-test were used in the analytical process. The f-test was employed in the experimental class and the t-test in the control class to analyze the data. Based on the data processing results, the study findings indicate that there is a substantial difference in the usage of the Index Card Match technique on students' active PAI learning, supporting the first hypothesis. The fact that tcount (2,560) is higher than ttable (1,677) indicates this. Furthermore, it is evident that there is a considerable impact since the second hypothesis, Fcount, is 96.057 at a significance level of 0.010 <0.05, leading to the rejection of Ho and the acceptance of Ha. Thus, it can be said that using the Index Card Match Method has a big impact on active PAI learning.

This study examines the influence of the school environment on students' speaking ethics at SMA Negeri 1 Gedeg Mojokerto, considering the importance of character education in schools as a place where students spend much of their time. Using a correlational method and quantitative research type, the researcher involved 193 eleventh-grade students from a population of 425 as respondents. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire with 38 statements that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis included descriptive analysis, normality test, linearity test, as well as correlation coefficient analysis, determination coefficient analysis, and simple regression analysis for hypothesis testing. The results showed that the school environment and students' speaking ethics were in the moderate category, with average scores of 65 and 73, respectively. There is a significant influence of the school environment on students' speaking ethics, as evidenced by the t-test result (8.364) being greater than the t-table (1.97), leading to the acceptance of Ha and the rejection of Ho. Simple linear regression analysis showed a regression coefficient of 29.881, with an R square of 0.268, indicating that the school environment positively affects speaking ethics by 26.8%, while 73.2% is influenced by other factors. This study supports the theory that the school environment influences students' speaking ethics.