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Difficulty reading and writing is still a fundamental problem for some elementary school students, even though these two abilities are an important foundation in understanding various subjects. In the context of madrasah ibtidaiyah education, teachers play a strategic role in helping students overcome literacy barriers in order to be able to achieve basic competencies optimally. This study aims to describe the efforts of teachers in overcoming reading and writing difficulties experienced by three 5th grade students at MIN 1 Gresik. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The research subjects included grade 5 teachers and three students who experienced literacy barriers. The results of the study showed that teachers carried out various strategies, including adding special tutoring hours outside of regular learning, providing gradual exercises according to students' abilities, and utilizing visual media and educational games to increase learning motivation. Teachers also apply an individualized approach so that students are more focused and confident. In addition, parental involvement is optimized through intensive communication so that reading and writing exercises can continue at home. The obstacles faced include time constraints, differences in basic abilities, and low student concentration. Nevertheless, the perseverance and creativity of teachers have proven to be able to drive significant progress in the development of students' basic literacy.

Abstract. This study originates from the low awareness among early childhood learners regarding the importance of consuming nutritious and minimally processed Real Food. The purpose of this design project is to create an engaging educational medium in the form of a 2D animation titled “Kebun Imajinasi: Teman Realfoodku” to introduce the concept of Real Food to five-year-old children. A mixed-method approach (qualitative and quantitative) was applied through observation, interviews, and questionnaires involving children, parents, and professional animators. The collected data served as the foundation for designing characters, storylines, illustration styles, colors, and audio suitable for young audiences. The results show that 2D animation featuring bright visuals, playful characters, and educational narration effectively increases children’s interest and understanding of healthy food. The implication of this study highlights the potential of animation as an effective visual communication tool to promote nutritional education and healthy lifestyle habits from an early age.

The rapid development of digital technology has increased the demand for students to demonstrate their competencies through professional digital portfolios, particularly in Information Systems programs where analytical, design, and visual communication skills are essential. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of using Canva as a digital portfolio development tool in the Portfolio Development course at ITB STIKOM Bali. The research employed a descriptive quantitative approach, using a four-point Likert-scale questionnaire distributed to 30 students enrolled in the course. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to measure students’ perceptions regarding ease of use, learning effectiveness, visual creativity, digital literacy, and learning motivation. The findings indicate that Canva is perceived as very easy to use due to its intuitive interface and accessible design features. Canva is also considered effective in helping students present system analysis results and project documentation in a more structured and visually appealing manner. Moreover, the use of Canva enhances students’ visual creativity and digital literacy skills while increasing their motivation and confidence in completing portfolio assignments. These results suggest that Canva functions not only as a design tool but also as an educational medium that supports the academic and professional competencies required in the digital era. Therefore, integrating Canva into project-based and visually oriented courses is strongly recommended to improve the quality of student learning outcomes.

This study aims to analyze Indibiz Bogor’s digital marketing strategy in enhancing brand awareness through the use of Instagram Reels, with a specific focus on the role of content creators in planning, producing, and optimizing short-video content. As social media increasingly becomes a primary promotional channel, businesses are required to produce creative and relevant content capable of attracting and engaging audiences effectively. This research employs a qualitative approach, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation conducted during October–November 2025. The findings show that content creators play a strategic role in idea development, trend analysis, audience needs identification, and producing visual materials that align with Indibiz’s brand identity. Instagram Reels are proven effective in increasing audience engagement, expanding reach, and strengthening brand perception across digital platforms. However, several challenges persist in the production process, including suboptimal internal coordination, sudden concept revisions, and limited production time. These findings highlight the importance of more structured content planning, improved team communication, and consistent performance evaluation to optimize Indibiz’s digital marketing efforts and maximize their impact on brand awareness.

The development of digital technology has transformed how businesses build brand image through social media. This study aims to determine the role of creative content in enhancing the brand awareness of Sopiri Driving School through social media platforms such as Instagram and TikTok. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) adapted from the Borg & Gall model, consisting of problem identification, design, development, testing, and evaluation stages. The study produced two promotional videos of 30 seconds each. The results showed that implementing creative content with storytelling and dynamic visuals significantly increased brand awareness. Trial data revealed that social media followers increased by more than 90%, and the engagement rate rose from 3.5% to 8.2% after the content was published. Moreover, 83% of survey respondents stated they recognized Sopiri Driving School after watching the promotional videos. The study concludes that creative content plays an essential role in building a professional brand image and attracting audiences through social media. An effective content strategy not only serves as a promotional tool but also as an interactive communication medium that strengthens the emotional bond between the brand and its audience.

The development of digital technology has changed the paradigm of MSME businesses, including in building brand image. This study analyzes strategies for enhancing brand image through digital business at Ayam Celup Juaro’s MSMEs in Medan City. The research method uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation studies. The results show that multi-platform digital integration (Instagram, TikTok, WhatsApp) is effective in building brand image. Instagram serves as a medium for visual representation of the brand, TikTok as a driver for acquiring new customers through viral content, and WhatsApp as a means of personal communication to maintain customer loyalty. The key factors for success are content consistency and timely service. The main obstacles faced are budget constraints and challenges in maintaining content consistency. This research provides practical contributions for SMEs in developing integrated digital strategies to enhance brand image in the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution.

The development of the laundry business requires an effective visual communication strategy to build brand image and competitiveness. This study aims to design a visual branding strategy for Titu Binatu, a laundry UMKM in Tembalang, Semarang. Through a visual communication design approach, this study analyzes visual identity elements such as logos, colors, typography, and promotional media in shaping consumer perceptions. The method used is qualitative through observation, interviews, and literature studies. The results show that Titu Binatu needs a strong visual identity and appropriate promotion to reach the market, especially students and workers. Strengthening branding with offline and online media is needed so that visual branding becomes a strategic tool in business development in the digital era.     

The rapid development of digital technology has positioned social media, particularly Instagram, as a strategic channel for brands to conduct digital marketing and brand activation. This quantitative survey research aims to analyze the influence of Instagram content appeal (X) on the audience's interest in participating in the Marina Beauty Journey (Y) program. The study collected data from 100 female followers of the @sahabatmarina account, aged 15-25, who had been exposed to MBJ promotional content. Data analysis utilized simple linear regression. The descriptive analysis results showed that the appeal of @sahabatmarina’s content was perceived as Very High (Mean: 4.41), with Visual and Emotional indicators being the most dominant (Mean: 4.50), reflecting the effectiveness of aesthetic visuals and self-empowerment messaging. The audience's interest in joining the program was also categorized as Very High (Mean: 4.23), primarily demonstrated through the Interaction indicator (Mean: 4.33). The regression analysis confirmed a positive and significant influence of content appeal on audience interest, as indicated by a significance value of p<0.001 and a positive coefficient (beta = 0.622). The coefficient of determination (R2) indicated that content appeal contributed 41.0% to the formation of audience interest, while the remaining 59.0% was influenced by other external factors. In conclusion, the brand's digital content strategy, emphasizing strong visual and emotional connection, is highly effective in driving audience engagement and stimulating participation in its brand activation programs.

This study aims to find out how Instagram is used by the Demak Regency Trade, Cooperatives, Small and Medium Enterprises Office as a source of information for employees. The research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach conducted from 1–30 August 2025. Data was obtained through interviews, observations, and documentation of the agency's Instagram account. The results of the study show that Instagram is used as a means of publishing official activities and information, but it is not optimal due to limited human resources, a long upload process, and monotonous content. Based on the theory of Uses and Gratifications and Media Richness Theory, the effectiveness of digital communication requires the ability to present interesting and relevant information so that the message conveyed can meet the needs of internal audiences. Other findings show that some employees have not made Instagram the main source of information due to a lack of content updates and a lack of visual variation. Therefore, it is recommended that social media management be carried out more professionally through improving admin competence, content calendar planning, and better internal coordination to ensure the consistency and quality of published information. Thus, Instagram can function more optimally as an official communication medium.

The purpose of this community service activity is to improve the digital literacy of children at SDN Mranggon Lawang II by teaching them how to find accurate information and know the dangers of hoaxes. In order for children to use technology wisely, they must be taught important digital literacy from an early age. This activity was carried out through interactive lectures and Q&A discussions for seven days in August 2024. In addition to examples of simple false information, the material includes differences of opinion and facts, there were 13 children who participated showing a high level of enthusiasm during the activity. However, there are obstacles regarding language that hinder understanding that can be overcome through communication techniques and visual media. The results of the activity show that children better understand the importance of critical thinking when getting information. This activity is expected to increase knowledge about digital literacy and encourage smart media behavior.

This study aims to analyze the process of creating an audiovisual feature that explores the commodification of calung jinjing as a cultural medium that has undergone a functional shift from communication to entertainment. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method using a practice-based research approach, in which the process of audiovisual creation serves as the primary method of inquiry. The author is directly involved as the Director of Photography throughout all stages of production, including pre-production, production, and post-production. The results indicate that the application of cinematographic elements—such as visual composition, lighting, camera movement, and lens selection—plays a significant role in strengthening the historical and cultural meanings of calung jinjing. These visual strategies effectively support the narrative in conveying the process of cultural commodification in a communicative and aesthetic manner. The study demonstrates that audiovisual feature production can function not only as a form of cultural documentation but also as an academic medium for interpreting and preserving local cultural values through visual storytelling.

This study aims to determine the influence of Jejuby's TikTok content on the purchasing decisions of followers of the @jejubyofficial TikTok account. In today's digital age, social media platforms like TikTok have become one of the most effective promotional tools for reaching consumers, particularly in the beauty and skincare industry. Jejuby, as a local brand on the rise, actively leverages TikTok as a marketing platform by creating various types of content, including tutorials, testimonials, and visually appealing content. The theories used in this study are the Marketing Communication Theory with dimensions: Advertising, Sales Promotion, Personal Selling, Public Relations, and Direct and Digital Marketing. The Content Theory with dimensions: Credible, Shareable, Useful or Fun, Interesting, Relevant, Different, On Brand. The Purchase Decision Theory with dimensions: Need Recognition, Information Search, Evaluation of Alternatives, Purchase Decision, Post-Purchase Behavior. This study used a quantitative approach with a survey method. Sampling was conducted using simple random sampling and calculated using the Slovin formula with a margin of error of 5%. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to 92 respondents who were followers of the @jejubyofficial TikTok account. The research instrument was tested using validity and reliability tests, while data analysis was conducted using simple linear regression with a correlation coefficient (R) value of 0.711 in the strong category. The coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.506 indicates that 50.6% of purchasing decisions are influenced by TikTok content, while 49.4% are influenced by other factors. The research results for TikTok content had an average of 3.47, while purchase decisions had an average of 3.54. The research results indicate that there is a significant influence between Jejuby's TikTok content and its followers' purchase decisions. This means that content packaged in a relevant manner and aligned with the brand's identity can influence consumers' decisions to purchase Jejuby products.

This study aims to analyze the representation of hegemony in the film Kupu-Kupu Kertas using Antonio Gramsci’s hegemony theory and a literary sociology approach. As a medium of mass communication, film not only conveys stories but also produces and reproduces cultural values, ideologies, and power structures that operate subtly within society. Set against the historical backdrop of 1965, the film portrays ideological clashes between NU/Ansor and the PKI, which affect not only political spheres but also everyday culture, social relations, and moral dynamics that shape the collective consciousness of Javanese society. This research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through content analysis of the film using an observation–note technique to identify scenes, dialogues, and visual symbols related to culture, hegemony, and ideology. The analysis focuses on revealing how dominant values are constructed and negotiated through the representation of characters, narratives, and social traditions portrayed in the film. In conclusion, Kupu-Kupu Kertas not only documents the political tragedy of 1965 but also demonstrates that hegemony operates through subtle mechanisms embedded in culture, morality, and patterns of thought. This study affirms the relevance of Gramsci’s theory in examining literary works and films as social texts that practice power while also opening space for understanding individual resistance to ideological domination.

This study examines the presentation of trauma in the character of River in the film “The Architecture Of Love” through Roland Barthes' semiotic analysis, which includes three levels of meaning: denotative, connotative, and mythological. The focus of this study is on scenes that reflect trauma, categorized according to Cavanagh.M. (1982) theory as situational, developmental, intrapsychic, and existential trauma. The methodology used is descriptive-qualitative with documentation and observation techniques, where all trauma scenes are identified and analyzed in depth. The results of the study show that intrapsychic trauma is the dominant category, followed by existential, situational, and developmental trauma. The representation of trauma in the character River is conveyed through visual symbols such as dark colors, a closed language system, dim lighting, and a quiet urban atmosphere, which create emotional meaning without verbal expression. This finding confirms that films can convey complex psychological experiences through visually rich language, while also revealing new insights into non-verbal communication in film media.

Health communication and community empowerment are crucial for improving health outcomes at the primary health care level. As a primary health care facility, the Empat Ulu Community Health Center in Palembang plays a strategic role in disseminating health information, strengthening community capacity, and promoting healthy lifestyles through various educational activities. The Field Learning Practice (PBL) activity, conducted by students within the community health center's work area, aimed to strengthen the implementation of health communication, particularly in promoting Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) in elementary schools. The methods used included field observation, discussions, face-to-face counseling, handwashing demonstrations, and the distribution of educational media. The results showed an increase in students' understanding of PHBS, demonstrated by their ability to answer questions, practice handwashing correctly, and their enthusiasm during interactive sessions. This activity not only strengthened students' knowledge but also demonstrated that a two-way communication approach and the use of simple visual media can enhance the effectiveness of health education. Overall, this PBL activity contributed to supporting the community health promotion program and strengthened the role of students in encouraging community self-reliance in maintaining health.

This study aims to analyze the role of the Instagram account @sits_dishubsurabaya as a traffic information medium in the city of Surabaya. The background of this study is based on the increasing use of Instagram social media as a means of public communication by government agencies, which enables the rapid, efficient, and easy dissemination of information to the public. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through observation and documentation of the account's uploaded content. The results show that the @sits_dishubsurabaya account plays an important role in disseminating traffic information, including traffic condition updates, driving safety appeals, and public service announcements. The presentation of content that is visually and substantively informative encourages public engagement through likes, comments, and sharing of posts. These findings show that the effectiveness of social media does not solely depend on the frequency of posts, but on the clarity of the message, the relevance of the information, and interaction with the public. The @sits_dishubsurabaya account plays an important role in supporting the dissemination of public information in the city of Surabaya.

This study aims to determine (1) the forms of legal protection that exist in Indonesia in protecting children from negative visual and verbal content in online games, and (2) the legal responsibility of online game electronic system organizers for exposure to negative visual and verbal content in children. The type of research used is normative juridical with a statutory and conceptual approach. The data used are secondary data obtained through document studies, with qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the study show that legal protection for children from negative visual and verbal impacts in online games is regulated through various regulations, including Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection, Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions, Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Electronic Systems and Transactions, and Regulation of the Minister of Communication and Information Technology Number 5 of 2021 and Number 2 of 2024. However, its implementation still faces obstacles such as weak age verification, non-objective independent classification, and easily circumvented language filtering. The legal responsibility of online game electronic system organizers for negative visual and verbal content on children can result in administrative or criminal sanctions, according to the Child Protection Law and iRegulation of ithe Minister iof Communication and Information Technology Number 5 of 2021.

This systematic literature review examines the relationship between learning styles and learning media in optimizing 21st-century skills among Diploma Three (D3) vocational students. Through systematic analysis of 74 relevant national and international journal articles published between 2018 and 2024 from Scopus database, this study reveals that the alignment between learning styles (visual, auditory, kinesthetic) and learning media significantly influences the development of critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration skills. Technology-based media such as interactive videos, learning management systems (LMS), and virtual simulations effectively accommodate diverse learning preferences while enhancing students' motivation and engagement in the learning process. The findings indicate that e-modules integrating problem-based learning (PBL) demonstrate effectiveness rates of 65-85% in improving critical thinking skills. This research concludes that the integration of learning styles with digital-based learning media serves as an effective strategy to produce competent and adaptive vocational graduates who are well-prepared to face the challenges of Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0.

This study aims to synthesize the relationship between learning styles and instructional media in optimizing 21st-century skills among Diploma Three (D3) vocational students. The research employed a simple literature review method by analyzing 20 national and international journal articles published between 2018 and 2024. The results reveal that the alignment between learning styles (visual, auditory, kinesthetic) and the types of instructional media significantly influences the development of critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration skills. Technology-based media, such as interactive videos, learning management systems (LMS), and virtual simulations, effectively accommodate diverse learning preferences while enhancing students’ motivation and engagement. Furthermore, integrating such media not only supports individual learning needs but also fosters a more dynamic and inclusive educational environment. The study concludes that integrating learning styles with digital-based media serves as an effective strategy to produce competent and adaptive vocational graduates who are well-prepared to face the challenges of Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0.

This study aims to describe the professional competence of Early Childhood Education (ECE) teachers in implementing technology-based learning at PAUD “X”. Teacher professionalism plays a crucial role in determining the quality of early childhood learning, particularly in the digital era where educators are expected to adapt to technological advancements. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing observations and semi-structured interviews to obtain an in-depth understanding of teachers’ abilities in managing learning processes, mastering instructional content, and integrating appropriate learning media. The findings indicate that teachers demonstrate strong pedagogical, social, and personal competencies. They successfully create an engaging and  developmentally appropriate learning environment, use language that is easily understood by young children, and exhibit patience, discipline, and effective communication skills. Positive interaction among teachers, children, and parents contributes to a supportive and collaborative learning atmosphere. Teachers also incorporate simple learning materials, such as origami and visual aids, to enhance student engagement. Nevertheless, the study reveals that teachers’ professional competence in utilizing digital technology remains limited. Although technological tools are available, several teachers lack confidence and technical skills in operating digital devices, such as projectors and interactive media. Insufficient training and mentoring are identified as primary barriers. The study concludes that strengthening teachers’ technological competence should be prioritized through continuous professional development programs, including structured training and peer mentoring. Enhanced technological skills will enable teachers to design learning experiences that are more interactive, innovative, and responsive to the developmental needs of young children.