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This article explores the relationship between the theology of Christian Religious Education (CRE) and the Church in contributing to relevant, contextual, and transformative theological education. The Church, as a community of faith and spiritual institution, plays a strategic role in shaping theological understanding through teaching, discipleship, and ministry. Meanwhile, CRE within the formal education system is tasked with delivering Christian values through pedagogical and academic approaches. In an era shaped by secularism, pluralism, and technological advancement, both challenges and opportunities arise for CRE and the Church to collaborate meaningfully. Through literature review and theological analysis, this article identifies key challenges such as the gap between theory and practice, limited human resources, and the influence of popular culture that often contradicts Christian values. On the other hand, significant opportunities exist, including the use of digital technology, the strengthening of faith-based character education, and the implementation of contextual approaches to theological teaching. The article affirms the importance of a strategic partnership between the Church and CRE in developing theological education that not only informs the mind but also transforms lives through strong Christian character in everyday contexts.

Teachers are under increasing pressure to deliver personalized, standards-aligned instruction while managing time constraints and rising workloads. Traditional lesson planning often limits creativity and adaptability due to its complexity and repetitive demands. In response, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool to support instructional planning. This study highlights how AI enhances teacher efficiency, simplifies administrative tasks, and supports differentiated, data-driven instruction. However, these benefits require thoughtful and responsible integration. AI adoption must include safeguards for data privacy, ensure algorithmic transparency so teachers understand the basis of system recommendations, and actively mitigate systemic bias that may disadvantage certain learner groups. Most importantly, teachers should remain actively involved in reviewing and adapting AI-generated content to preserve professional judgment and uphold pedagogical integrity.

This article reviews the importance of the value of responsibility as one of the main pillars in character education for students, especially in higher education. This value is not only important in the academic realm, but also becomes the moral and social basis in forming students with integrity. This research was conducted with a qualitative descriptive approach, using interview, observation, and documentation techniques on students of the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) Study Program class of 2022 at IAIN Palangka Raya. The findings show that responsibility in undergoing the learning process, time management, and discipline are important indicators in the internalization of character values. Students who have a sense of responsibility are able to complete academic tasks regularly, value time, and remain disciplined even when faced with challenges such as organizational activities or work. Therefore, systematic and continuous character building is needed to instill the value of responsibility as a whole in the campus environment.

The performance of Mayapada Bank employees at Darmo 57 Surabaya Branch can be assessed from their ability to complete tasks well and on time. This good performance is very important for the success of the company. However, several factors such as lack of motivation, low discipline, negative work environment influences, and lack of role models can hinder employee performance. At this time, Mayapada Bank Darmo 57 Branch finds it difficult to build and improve employee performance, therefore employee performance must be improved to improve the quality of employee work. The data analysis technique needed is data reduction (data reduction) reducing data means summarizing and data display (data presentation) limiting a presentation as a set of structured information that allows for drawing conclusions and taking action. Source triangulation to test data credibility is done by checking the data that has been obtained. Technique triangulation to test data credibility is done by checking data to the same source with different techniques. Time triangulation often affects data credibility. Based on the results of interviews conducted by researchers, several factors emerged that influenced the quality of employee performance, namely a Comfortable Work Environment, Leadership Style, Salary, Routine Meetings.

This study aims to compare two main theories in modern cosmology, namely the Big Bang Theory and the Steady State Theory, using a descriptive cosmographic approach. This study is motivated by the lack of deep understanding as well as the limited Indonesian literature discussing the fundamental differences between the two theories. By employing a qualitative method through literature review, this research examines the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of each theory based on the latest scientific evidence and cosmographic perspectives. The analysis results show that the Big Bang Theory has strong support from observational evidence, such as cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB), galaxy redshift, and the distribution of light elements, which reinforces the narrative of the expansion and evolution of the universe. In contrast, the Steady State Theory is considered less relevant due to the absence of observational evidence for the creation of new matter and its inability to explain structure and the dynamics of the universe that are currently observed.

Bag charm is a fashion accessory that is on the rise because of its ability to beautify the appearance of the bag and provide a unique personal touch. In recent years, these accessories have become a significant trend in the fashion world, especially thanks to the influence of social media such as TikTok and Instagram. One of the interesting innovations of bag charm is the use of bristle wire (pipe cleaner) as the main material, which allows the creation of various interesting shapes such as flowers, animals, and funny characters. The business proposal "Bag Charm from Feather Wire" offers creative products with high aesthetic value and personalized appeal according to customer taste. In addition to being easy to make, this product has low production costs and promising profit potential. The theoretical study in this proposal includes the concept of entrepreneurship, product innovation, and market analysis as an important foundation in business development. Marketing strategies through social media and craft exhibitions are also key in expanding market reach. This venture not only provides profitable business opportunities, but also encourages creativity in the handicraft industry and becomes a means of self-expression for consumers. With the wide market potential and uniqueness of the product, the bag charm of bristle wire can become a new trend in the world of handmade accessories.

Scriptwriters play an important role in effectively conveying messages and goals to the audience. A good script is able to build a logical storyline, convey a message implicitly and explicitly, and leave a deep impression on the audience. The goal to be achieved in writing this final project report is to explain the process of writing a script using narrative techniques in a feature video. In this final project, the script writing uses narrative techniques with a descriptive approach. In script writing, narrative techniques are applied in scripts as the main approach in building a structured storyline based on the attachment of cause-and-effect relationships between events. The narrative structure is divided into three stages, namely the preliminary stage (opening), the intermediate stage, and the closing stage (solution). The preliminary stage serves to introduce the phenomenon, the middle stage discusses the phenomenon more deeply, and the closing stage provides solutions to the problems raised. The application of this narrative technique proves that a good structure in scriptwriting is able to convey the message in a video feature effectively. The screenwriter has completed the tasks and roles in making an animated video entitled Kopi Nikmat Tantangan Hidup Sehat. 

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the e-Coklit application in supporting the accuracy of voter data in the 2024 Regional Head Election (Pilkada) in Pasirnagara Village, Pamarican Subdistrict, Ciamis Regency. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The study adopts Campbell J. P.’s effectiveness theory, which includes five dimensions: program success, target achievement, program satisfaction, input-output ratio, and overall goal accomplishment. The results indicate that the e-Coklit application is effective in improving voter data accuracy, accelerating the data verification process, and facilitating field officers’ tasks. Despite technical obstacles such as limited internet connectivity and insufficient training, most officers managed to perform well. The e-Coklit application has positively impacted the reduction of duplicate voter records and manual input errors. Therefore, the implementation of e-Coklit supports the achievement of accurate voter data and contributes to strengthening the quality of local democratic processes.

Sexual violence is a critical issue in Indonesia, especially within the context of higher education. Various studies and statistical data indicate a growing number of cases, including incidents in university settings that often go unreported due to social stigma and lack of support systems. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Sexual Violence Prevention and Handling Task Force (SATGAS PPKS) at Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University in providing protection for victims. The method used is empirical juridical, combining primary data through interviews with SATGAS PPKS members and secondary data in the form of laws, academic literature, and official reports. The research adopts a qualitative descriptive analysis technique to assess how far the SATGAS PPKS applies principles of victimology and routine activity theory to support victims and reduce the opportunity for sexual violence in campus environments.

This research will explain the role of the Village Consultative Body as a Local Democracy that occurs in Umaklaran Village. Through a Village democratization approach and analyzing the democratic role of the Village Consultative Body (BPD) in the dynamics of governance in the Village with its existence as a Village Democracy institution, in Umaklaran Village, East Tasifeto District, Belu Regency. In this research, to explain the role and analyze the role of the Village Consultative Body in the dynamics of village governance using the theory of Role and Democracy. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, and data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation and documentation studies. In this research it can be illustrated that the role of the BPD as a democratic institution in Umaklaran Village, East Tasifeto sub-district, Belu Regency, is still not working well or is not optimal, this is based on the minimal knowledge and low educational background of the BPD itself, apart from that disharmony in the relationship between the BPD and the village government. So the democratization process in Umaklaran Village has not gone well to date.

Small-scale industries such as tofu and tempeh factories play a significant role in the local economy but often face serious issues such as workplace accidents. This study aims to describe the working conditions and their relation to unsafe acts by workers at the XYZ tofu and tempeh factory. A descriptive qualitative approach was used through direct observation and interviews with four workers. The findings show that a hot and noisy work environment, poor ventilation, and disorganized workspace affect workers’ behavior in carrying out tasks without using proper personal protective equipment (PPE). Unsafe work practices have become a common habit due to factors such as routine behavior, limited facilities, and demands for work efficiency. The study concludes that an unsupportive work environment is directly associated with the increase in unsafe behavior. Therefore, efforts are needed to improve the working environment, including ventilation, workspace layout, and adequate provision of PPE, as well as to increase workers’ awareness of occupational health and safety through regular training and outreach. These measures are essential to foster a safe and healthy work culture in small-scale industrial settings.

One of the practical foods that can fulfill nutritional needs is flakes. Flakes that available on the market are generally made from wheat and corn. The nutritional value of corn flour-based flakes can be enhanced by combining them with other ingredients that have a relatively high protein content. One such food ingredient with a high protein content is mung beans. The development of flakes products using mung bean flour is expected to be one of the way to optimize the use of local legumes in Indonesia. The aim of this study is to obtain the best formulation of corn flour and mung bean flour in terms of the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of the flakes. This study uses a randomized block design with 4 treatment levels, which are the formulation ratios of corn flour to mung bean flour (60:40, 65:35, 70:30, 75:25), with each treatment repeated 6 times. The observation parameters include physicochemical characteristics such as protein, water and ash content, while sensory characteristics include aroma, taste, crispiness, color, and overall preference. The best treatment is determined by the de Garmo effectiveness index. The results of the study show that the 65% corn flour and 35% mung bean flour formulation is the best treatment based on the effectiveness index test with a score of 0.77, with physicochemical characteristics of 2.717% moisture content, 3.026% ash content, and 6.891% protein content, as well as sensory characteristics of color 4.2 (more liked), aroma 3.93 (liked), crispiness 4.26 (more liked), taste 4.23 (more liked), and overall preference 4.2 (more liked).

This study aimed to evaluate the organoleptic characteristics of herbal tea made from a combination of red dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus) with red ginger and white ginger. The herbal tea was formulated into six variants (F1a, F2a, F3a, F1b, F2b, F3b) based on different proportions of dragon fruit peel and tested using a hedonic method for three parameters: color, aroma, and taste. A total of 25 trained panelists assessed the level of preference using a 5-point hedonic scale. The results showed that Formula F3 (with the highest proportion of dragon fruit peel) received the highest acceptance scores. For color, F3 received an average of 19% in the “strongly like” category and 5% in the “like” category. For taste, F3 received 4% “strongly like” and 12% “like.” For aroma, F3 received 7% “strongly like” and 11% “like.” Thus, F3 was identified as the best organoleptic formula and is recommended for further development. This study suggests that additional research is needed to analyze the antioxidant activity of the product to better understand its functional health benefits.

The Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) Program is a policy that provides opportunities for university students to gain direct experience in the professional world. One of its implementations is internships in government institutions. This article is based on a four-month internship undertaken by a student in the General Affairs and Personnel Subdivision of the Regional Tax and Retribution Management Agency (BPPRD) of Palangka Raya City. The aim of this internship is to support office administrative services and to provide students with practical experience in public administration. The methods applied include direct observation, active involvement in administrative tasks, and informal communication with staff members. During the internship, the student participated in various activities such as recording incoming and outgoing mail, typing disposition sheets, scanning and archiving documents, meeting documentation, and distributing files between departments. The results show that student involvement not only helped reduce employees’ workload but also improved the overall efficiency of administrative services. In addition, the student gained a concrete understanding of the bureaucratic system, developed technical skills, and enhanced soft skills relevant to future career readiness. This internship demonstrates that synergy between educational institutions and government agencies can create a meaningful and applicable learning environment for both parties. 

J-Pop music has become an important part of students’ lifestyles and plays a role in influencing their mood and learning productivity. This study employed a descriptive quantitative method by distributing an online questionnaire to 194 students who regularly listen to J-Pop while studying. Results showed that 69.8% of respondents felt their mood improved before studying when listening to this music, and 40.2% reported completing tasks more quickly. These findings indicate that J-Pop can serve as a positive stimulus to enhance motivation and focus during academic activities. However, its effects are subjective and highly dependent on individual preferences and study habits. Therefore, J-Pop has the potential to be part of an effective learning strategy if adapted to students’ personal characteristics and contexts. This study emphasizes the importance of considering psychological aspects when utilizing music as a learning aid to support students’ academic performance.  

This study aims to examine the implementation of the Academic Information System SIAKAD in improving the efficiency of educational administration at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results show that SIAKAD significantly contributes to accelerating academic administrative processes such as student data management, grade entry, attendance management, and academic report preparation. This system reduces reliance on manual processes prone to errors and speeds up the completion time of administrative tasks. However, several challenges remain, such as limited training for educators and internet network issues affecting system operation. The study concludes that SIAKAD can substantially improve administrative efficiency if supported by adequate training and reliable technological infrastructure. The implementation of SIAKAD also enhances transparency and accountability in academic data management at the madrasah. Therefore, the development and maintenance of this system should be prioritized to support the digitalization of modern and effective educational administration processes.

Adaptive approach is an intervention strategy that places the unique needs of each child with mild autism as the center of attention, so that learning and therapy methods are flexibly adjusted to individual characteristics and abilities. This literature review examines how adaptive approach can increase the independence of children with mild autism through the active role of parents and the implementation of structured daily activities. Parents act as the main partners in the learning process, not only providing emotional support, but also becoming facilitators who help children apply the skills learned at school into everyday life at home. Structured daily activities provide clear and consistent routines, helping children understand and anticipate activities, thereby reducing anxiety and increasing focus in carrying out tasks. Stimulus-response techniques are an effective method in developing children's adaptive behavior, with positive reinforcement that motivates children to continue learning and repeating independent behavior. Close collaboration between teachers, therapists, and parents creates an adaptive and consistent learning environment, which allows children to develop independence gradually and sustainably. This study confirms that holistic interventions involving full support from parents and the implementation of structured daily activities are the keys to success in increasing the independence of children with mild autism.

Adaptive approach is an intervention strategy that places the unique needs of each child with mild autism as the center of attention, so that learning and therapy methods are flexibly adjusted to individual characteristics and abilities. This literature review examines how adaptive approach can increase the independence of children with mild autism through the active role of parents and the implementation of structured daily activities. Parents act as the main partners in the learning process, not only providing emotional support, but also becoming facilitators who help children apply the skills learned at school into everyday life at home. Structured daily activities provide clear and consistent routines, helping children understand and anticipate activities, thereby reducing anxiety and increasing focus in carrying out tasks. Stimulus-response techniques are an effective method in developing children's adaptive behavior, with positive reinforcement that motivates children to continue learning and repeating independent behavior. Close collaboration between teachers, therapists, and parents creates an adaptive and consistent learning environment, which allows children to develop independence gradually and sustainably. This study confirms that holistic interventions involving full support from parents and the implementation of structured daily activities are the keys to success in increasing the independence of children with mild autism.

This study explores the integration of musical drama as a medium to strengthen computational thinking (CT) among high school students in Jakarta. Computational thinking, a critical 21st-century skill, involves problem-solving through decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithmic thinking. Despite its importance, CT remains underutilized in art education. This research employs a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) to design and implement a project-based learning (PjBL) framework centered on musical drama. The study involved 35 grade XI students who participated in an 8-week musical drama project, divided into creative teams to handle various production aspects. Observations, interviews, and documentation revealed that students effectively applied CT components: decomposing tasks, recognizing patterns in performance elements, simplifying complex narratives (abstraction), and organizing systematic workflows (algorithmic thinking). Results indicated significant improvements in students' logical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and confidence. The study highlights the effectiveness of musical drama as an interdisciplinary tool to enhance CT skills while fostering emotional engagement and character development. It also underscores the teacher's role as a facilitator in promoting reflective and participatory learning. The findings align with prior research on PjBL and CT, suggesting broader applicability in art education. Future research could extend this model to basic education or incorporate digital technologies.

This study discusses how to apply a deep learning approach to support mathematics learning in elementary schools. Where this study uses a qualitative method. This study obtains data from literature reviews, researchers examine various relevant national scientific sources to identify the benefits, challenges, and opportunities for integrating deep learning technology in mathematics learning. The results of the study show that the application of deep learning to mathematics studies has a positive impact on student understanding. This method encourages active student involvement through various interactive activities, such as simulations and experiments, so that the learning process becomes more meaningful and enjoyable. However, the application of this method is also faced with a number of challenges, such as limited time to complete the curriculum and unequal access to technology among students.