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This research aims to explore the role of the Christian Religious Education (PAK) curriculum in improving the spirituality of youth in Indonesia. Using a qualitative approach, this study involved in-depth interviews with teachers, students and practitioners of Christian Religious Education to obtain a holistic perspective regarding the influence of the curriculum on the formation of the spirituality of the younger generation. The research results show that the PAK curriculum has an important role in instilling moral values, strengthening faith, and forming the character of Christian youth. The implementation of a relevant and contextual curriculum allows young people to understand and appreciate religious teachings more deeply, so as to improve the quality of their relationships with God and each other. This research also found that there are challenges in implementing a curriculum that is able to adapt to current developments and technology without ignoring the substance of spirituality. Therefore, the success of the PAK curriculum in increasing youth spirituality is highly dependent on the active involvement of educators and educational institutions in creating an environment that supports learning that is holistic and relevant to the spiritual needs of today's youth.

This study aims to study the concept of curriculum administration process. Curriculum is a set of plans and regulations regarding the content and learning materials and methods used as guidelines in the implementation of the teaching and learning process. The curriculum administration process consists of planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation. The curriculum is a planning document that contains the objectives to be achieved, the content of the material and learning experiences that students must do, strategies and methods that can be developed, evaluations designed to collect information about the achievement of objectives, and the implementation of documents designed in real form. Thus, the curriculum plays an important role in the success of student education. One aspect that can increase the success of the curriculum is the administration of the implementation of the curriculum at the relevant educational institution, in other words, the implementation of the curriculum is institutional in nature. This study focuses on the literature study method by collecting literature (related materials) sourced from books, journals, and other sources related to the science of Administration. The term curriculum administration emphasizes efforts to direct the curriculum so that the curriculum can be implemented appropriately in various educational activities  

This research discusses Ki Hajar Dewantara's concept of educational thought, focusing on character education and the formation of students' personalities, as well as the challenges and opportunities in integrating this thought into the national education system. Ki Hajar Dewantara emphasized the importance of liberating education, namely education that does not only focus on intellectual aspects, but also on the formation of students' character as a whole so that they become independent, noble, and highly motivated individuals. In the current context of national education, Ki Hajar Dewantara's ideas are still relevant, but their implementation faces various challenges, such as a dense curriculum, lack of in-depth understanding among educators, and the dominance of cognitive approaches in schools. However, there are also great opportunities to integrate Ki Hajar Dewantara's educational values through curriculum reform, training for educators, and the application of holistic learning methods. This study concludes that the integration of Ki Hajar Dewantara's thoughts into the national education system can be a strong foundation for building a generation that is not only intelligent, but also has character, provided that the existing challenges can be overcome with a comprehensive approach.

This article aims to examine the implementation of morals-based non-test assessment in PAI learning in grade 11 of SMK Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta, focusing on its influence on students' character development. Islamic Religious Education (PAI) has an important role in instilling moral values. In this context, morals-based non-test assessment is an effective approach to assessing students' character development, as it focuses on observing their behavior and attitudes. At SMK Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta, the implementation of this method is expected to help students not only understand religious teachings in theory, but also apply them in daily life. This research is a type of field research that is descriptive qualitative in nature. The main focus of this research is to understand the concept of evaluation in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning, which includes both test-based and non-test evaluation methods at SMK Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta. In this study, a phenomenological approach is used to explore the experiences and understanding of individuals or groups regarding the phenomenon under investigation. Moral-based non-test assessment in PAI learning aims to evaluate students' moral values in everyday life. In contrast to test assessments that measure cognitive abilities. The implementation of morals-based non-test assessment faces obstacles such as difficulties in measuring morals objectively and limited time for observation.Morals-based non-test assessment in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning at SMK Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta has an important role in shaping student character, in addition to mastery of academic material.

The development of competent human resources (HR) is a top priority for improving the quality of life in society. In education, teachers' ability to enhance their skills is key to successful learning. However, many teachers struggle to adapt teaching methods to the demands of the digital era, especially in utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology. AI offers innovative solutions such as personalized learning and adaptive platforms that enhance the effectiveness of teaching and learning processes. This study examines the implementation of AI-based learning models and teacher training programs in Muhammadiyah schools in Semarang. Using the Training of Trainer (ToT) approach, the program equips teachers with skills such as using adaptive learning tools and AI-based evaluation systems. The study employs a mixed-methods approach involving practical training and result evaluation. The findings reveal improved digital literacy and confidence among teachers in using AI for interactive learning. In conclusion, AI has great potential to transform education, but its success depends on comprehensive, ethical, and sustainable strategies. The ToT program serves as a strategic step to empower teachers to face educational challenges in the digital era.

Clinical approach or clinical supervision assumes that the teacher's learning process to develop is always related to the teacher's own individual learning process. The clinical approach is a face-to-face process between the supervisor and the teacher. This meeting discusses teaching problems and those related to it. Therefore, in clinical supervision, the supervisor and teacher act as colleagues in solving learning problems. For different types of teachers, the supervisor must also distinguish the types of clinical supervision strategies that will be used. The type of professional teacher is suitable for using non-directive strategies, the type of critical teacher and busy teacher can use collaborative strategies. Meanwhile, for teachers who are not qualified, supervisors are expected to be more active in guiding and teaching these teachers, so that the right strategy is direct clinical supervision.  

This study aims to examine the application of integration between science learning and Islamic values in introducing energy sources to students at SD Islam Nusantara Pekalongan. The focus of the research is to see how basic science concepts related to energy, such as renewable and non-renewable energy, are taught with an approach that links Islamic religious values. This research used a qualitative method with a case study design conducted at SD Islam Nusantara Pekalongan. Data collection techniques consisted of direct observation of the learning process in the classroom, interviews with teachers, and analysis of curriculum documents used in the school. The results showed that the integration of science and Islamic values at SD Islam Nusantara Pekalongan succeeded in creating a holistic learning experience for students. In the learning process, students not only understand scientific concepts about energy sources, but are also taught to see the importance of preserving nature in accordance with Islamic teachings. This lesson involves discussions on trust, environmental responsibility and sustainability in energy use. The teacher also links scientific knowledge with relevant Qur'anic verses, such as about the benefits of the sun and water as resources given by God for the good of mankind. The implication of this study shows that this integration can improve students' understanding not only in the knowledge aspect, but also in shaping characters who care about nature. The academic contribution of this research is to provide insight into the importance of an educational approach that combines science and religion, as well as providing examples of implementation that can be adopted by other Islamic schools in Indonesia to enrich students' learning experiences and form a generation that is wise in managing natural resources.

The use of interactive learning media is an innovative solution to improve the quality of learning, especially in the digital era. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach that focuses on elementary school students. The results of the study show that interactive learning media can improve students' understanding of the material, learning motivation, and active involvement in the learning process. With the integration of technology, such as the use of infocus and educational videos, students can learn in a more dynamic and interesting way. In addition, interactive learning also helps develop students' social skills and critical thinking skills. However, the implementation of this method faces challenges in the form of limited technological infrastructure, so additional support is needed for optimization.

This research aims to study the role and position of the principal as a leader in implementing the Independent Learning program in elementary schools and the influence of this leadership on the success of achieving educational goals. Apart from that, this also shows that the principal's leadership plays a strategic role in determining the success of educational goals. This research uses literature research methods and data is obtained by analyzing various sources such as books, scientific journals, articles and other documents related to the research subject. The study shows that the leadership of the school principal is very important to support the implementation of Merdeka Belajar. As leaders, they are responsible for setting policies, creating an educational vision that is aligned with national goals, and optimizing existing resources to create a good learning environment. The Independent Learning Program, which was founded by the Minister of Education, Culture, Research and Technology Nadiem Makarim, aims to realize the Pancasila Student Profile by producing students with superior character. Religious values, global diversity, independence, creativity and critical thinking are part of this profile. The success of the Merdeka Belajar program really depends on school principals who are good at managing education policies at the school level. With good leadership, school principals can incorporate the principles of Independent Learning into the elementary school curriculum and make a real contribution to achieving educational goals.    

This research aims to study the role and position of the principal as a leader in implementing the Independent Learning program in elementary schools and the influence of this leadership on the success of achieving educational goals. Apart from that, this also shows that the principal's leadership plays a strategic role in determining the success of educational goals. This research uses literature research methods and data is obtained by analyzing various sources such as books, scientific journals, articles and other documents related to the research subject. The study shows that the leadership of the school principal is very important to support the implementation of Merdeka Belajar. As leaders, they are responsible for setting policies, creating an educational vision that is aligned with national goals, and optimizing existing resources to create a good learning environment. The Independent Learning Program, which was founded by the Minister of Education, Culture, Research and Technology Nadiem Makarim, aims to realize the Pancasila Student Profile by producing students with superior character. Religious values, global diversity, independence, creativity and critical thinking are part of this profile. The success of the Merdeka Belajar program really depends on school principals who are good at managing education policies at the school level. With good leadership, school principals can incorporate the principles of Independent Learning into the elementary school curriculum and make a real contribution to achieving educational goals.    

In 2007, the President of the Republic of Indonesia issued a government regulation on the implementation of religious education which recognizes that this type of Islamic education has made a great contribution to national development. The regulation explains that religious education such as Islamic boarding schools can be managed formally. Following the government regulation, the Minister of Religion then issued a Ministerial Regulation in 2014 to officially recognize pesantren as a traditional-based education. The regulation allows for the integration of yellow book-based education that allocates 70% or more of the curriculum to Islamic studies and Arabic, while 30% to general subjects. The formalization process of traditional Islamic education reached its peak with the passage of Law No. 18 of 2019 concerning Islamic boarding schools which was ratified on September 24, 2019. The pesantren system must be modernized and run classrooms under the madrasah system. On the other hand, the 2019 law recognizes many aspects of traditional pesantren traditions, including those that advocate the study of the yellow book. According to the law, the government is currently responsible for supporting the implementation of Islamic boarding school tradition-based education as well as support for public schools and madrasas. One of the Islamic boarding school educational institutions that has implemented the Islamic boarding school law is the Sunan Drajat Islamic Boarding School. Sunan Drajat Heritage Islamic Boarding School, one of the nine guardians, since 1994 has established a Mu'allimin-Mu'allimat institution whose curriculum has integrated the pesantren curriculum with the general education curriculum.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing Game Based Learning (GBL) in improving students' learning outcomes on the human digestive system material in grade V at SDN Dukuh Kupang 3/490 Surabaya. The research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method and a nonequivalent control group design involving two groups: the experimental group (15 students) taught using GBL and the control group (15 students) taught using conventional methods. Data were collected through learning outcome tests (pretest and posttest), observation sheets, and learning motivation questionnaires. Data analysis used the independent sample t-test to examine differences in learning outcomes between the two groups. The results showed that the posttest average score of the experimental group (85.7) was significantly higher than that of the control group (74.3), with p < 0.05. Additionally, observations indicated that active student engagement in the experimental group reached 91%, while the control group only achieved 72%. The application of GBL also increased students' learning motivation, with the motivation score of the experimental group rising from 67.8% to 88.5%. This study concludes that the implementation of Game Based Learning is effective in enhancing learning outcomes, engagement, and motivation in IPAS lessons on the human digestive system material. These findings recommend GBL as an innovative teaching method for improving educational quality in elementary schools.  

Guidance and counseling have a very important role in supporting students' social emotional development, especially at the elementary school level. This service not only helps students understand themselves, but also develops social skills, increases self-confidence, and prepares them to face various challenges in educational and social environments. This research aims to analyze the impact of guidance and counseling on students' social emotional development using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. With a descriptive approach, this research examines various relevant and current literature to provide a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of guidance and counseling services in elementary schools. The research results show that the consistent application of guidance and counseling can improve students' emotional, social and character capacities, which ultimately supports them to achieve optimal development. In addition, the presence of guidance and counseling teachers in elementary schools has proven to be very important to ensure that these services are implemented optimally, both in individual and group development. This research emphasizes the importance of collaboration between educators, counselors and policy makers in optimizing the implementation of guidance and counseling services as a strategy for building a generation that is independent, self-confident and has character.

This study aims to analyze the role of educational supervision in enhancing teacher competence at MAS Tarbiyatul Islamiyah. Educational supervision is a strategic effort to improve the quality of teaching through professional teacher development. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques including interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that educational supervision at MAS Tarbiyatul Islamiyah significantly contributes to improving teacher competence, particularly in pedagogical and professional aspects. However, the implementation of supervision faces various challenges, such as time constraints, lack of supervisor training, and teacher resistance to supervision. Administrative supervision needs to be developed into clinical supervision that focuses more on personal guidance and skill enhancement for teachers. Recommendations include strengthening supervisor training, increasing technology integration in supervision, and conducting well-planned and continuous supervision. This study provides new insights into the importance of educational supervision in supporting teacher competency development in madrasahs and offers strategic implications for improving educational quality.

The development of the era in the 21st century has entered an era where competition between educational institutions is increasingly competitive and requires educational institutions to adapt to developments in society. However, the public's interest in sending their children to school at MA Al Amiriyyah has not decreased. Seeing the phenomenon that occurred, researchers are interested in researching the implementation of marketing strategies for private educational institutions at MA Al Amiriyyah. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of marketing strategies for private educational institutions in the 4.0 era. This type of research is qualitative research using descriptive methods. Data collection techniques use observation and interviews. Data analysis methods use data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that of several marketing strategies for school institutions in the industrial era 4.0, they are more dominant in promoting through the internet and social media (websites, Instagram) and this is also shown in the results of parent interviews that school information is obtained through websites and social media.

This research examines the use of technology in increasing learning interactivity in Indonesia. The aim of the research is to analyze various forms of educational technology used, identify their impact on learning interactivity, and explore the challenges and opportunities in their implementation. The method used is a systematic literature review by analyzing published scientific articles. The research results show that the use of technology such as learning management systems, augmented reality, and artificial intelligence significantly increases learning interactivity. However, there are challenges such as limited infrastructure and digital competence of educators. In conclusion, the use of technology has great potential in increasing learning interactivity, but requires a comprehensive and sustainable implementation strategy.

Waqf plays an important role and offers significant contributions in various sectors, especially in the advancement of Islamic boarding school education. The purpose of this study is to explore the implementation of productive waqf development as a means of educational empowerment at the Daarul Qolam Binjai Islamic Boarding School. The approach used in this study is qualitative descriptive. This research was conducted at the Daarul Qolam Islamic boarding school in Binjai, where data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, while data verification was carried out through triangulation techniques. The results of the study indicate that first, the strategy of developing productive waqf for educational empowerment at the Daarul Qolam Binjai Islamic Boarding School aims to increase the independence of the pesantren and develop human resources as business actors through various assets and programs managed by the Daarul Qolam Binjai Islamic Boarding School Waqf Agency. Second, the productive waqf mechanism is implemented through a systematic, detailed, and in accordance with legal provisions. Third, the development of productive waqf plays a crucial role in the progress and welfare of the education of students at the Daarul Qolam Binjai Islamic Boarding School. The form includes the allocation of productive waqf utilization which is prioritized on strengthening Islamic boarding schools and support for education, including the provision of logistics, infrastructure development, facilities and infrastructure, and Islamic boarding school operations, which are partly sourced from the surplus of productive waqf assets.  

This research leads to exploring the effectiveness of active learning strategies in improving students' critical thinking skills in the modern era. By utilizing a qualitative approach and field study methods, the research was conducted at SMP IT Mutiara Ilmu Sokaraja. Data was collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation of principals, teachers, and 8th grade students. The results of the study prove that active learning strategies, such as group discussions, questions and answers, and project-based learning, significantly improve students' critical thinking skills. Students are honed to analyze, evaluate, and solve problems independently, so they are better prepared to face the challenges of the 21st century. In addition, the study reveals the important role of technology as a support for active learning, although its use is still limited to simple devices such as laptops and projectors. The obstacles found include limited technology facilities, learning time, and diverse levels of student readiness. These findings support Neil Smelser's concept of social adaptation, where active learning reflects an adaptive response to modernizing changes in education. The conclusion of this study is that active learning strategies are effective in building students' critical thinking skills, but require support in the form of adequate technological facilities and intensive training for teachers. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of investment in educational technology and teacher capacity building to optimize the implementation of active learning in various educational contexts.

This study aims to use the fishbone diagram as a tool to identify the causes of damage to the feeder mechanism of scrap machines and to develop Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) that can improve performance and reduce the level of damage. This diagram is used to evaluate various elements that contribute to the damage of the feeder mechanism, such as human, machine, material, method, and environmental factors. Through this evaluation, the main causes of the damage can be identified, and appropriate corrective actions can be formulated. In addition, this research also aims to design SOPs that ensure more efficient operation of the scrap machine and reduce the likelihood of operational errors. The implementation of mechanism improvements and SOPs is expected to enhance the reliability of the scrap machine, reduce downtime, and increase productivity in the mechanical technology laboratory. The findings of this study are expected to make a significant contribution to the development of management systems and equipment maintenance in both industrial and educational sectors.  

This research is a literature review that examines various literature on the implications of transformational and transactional leadership. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of transformational and transactional leadership for Islamic educational institutions, as well as the similarities and differences in transformational and transactional leadership behaviors. The method used in this study is library research, using a qualitative approach with a rational approach method. The findings of this study show that transformational and transactional leadership have implications for each individual's commitment to organizational values and goals. Transformational leadership builds long-term relationships, while transactional leadership builds short-term relationships with subordinates based on shared goals and rewards are given when subordinates are able to achieve goals. Instead, sanctions are given if the objectives cannot be achieved. Creative and innovative behavior is not the main thing, but the status quo is considered important. Islamic education leaders can combine these two models to create a balance between innovation and achievement of results.