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Students who have difficulty learning mathematics will often make mistakes in learning to count and mistakes in solving word problems in mathematics. The difficulties experienced by students are difficulty in working on story problems due to the inability to understand the meaning of the questions and confusion when determining what arithmetic operations will be used to solve the story problems. The purpose of this research was to analyze the learning difficulties experienced by students as well as the factors that caused students’ learning difficulties in working on multiplication questions in the form of stories in class II elementary school. The method used in this research is descriptive case study. The subjects of this research are students and teachers of class II A at SDN 15 ULU GADUT. The data collection procedures used in the research are test’s, interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the research show that difficulties in learning mathematics include: 1) Difficulty in distinguishing multiplication problems from other material, 2) Student’s writing cannot be read, 3) Difficulty doing calculations in solving multiplication problems. Internal factors include: 1) Lack of enthusiasm for studying, 2) Low numeracy skills and difficulty understanding questions, 3) Not focusing on studying. External factors include: 1) Lack of attention from parents, 2) Often asking students to memorize multiplication, 3) Not using interesting learning media in teaching.

The development of coffee cultivation in Ngrayudan Village, Ngawi Regency has experienced a decline in quality due to the attack of the Coffee Fruit Borer pest. The pest causes damage to the coffee fruit. Based on the results of the identification of the area potential, there is a problem regarding the handling of Coffee Fruit Borer pests that had not been maximized by farmers in Ngrayudan Village. Farmers do not have the knowledge and skills to use biological agents as solutions. This study aims to design extension and behavior changes related to farmers' knowledge, attitudes, and skills. This research was conducted in February - March 2024 using a qualitative approach by using the level III action research method which has four stages in extension activities including planning, action, observation, and reflection. Based on observations and interviews with respondents after counseling showed significant changes in behavior. Supported by quantitative data from the extension evaluation results which showed an increase in knowledge of 34%, while the attitude level showed results of 89% including in the category of responsibility in deciding a matter, and a skill level of 80% including in the level of problem-solving farmers can describe problems to find the best solution. The conclusion of this study shows the existence of effective extension in improving behavior change in Farmer Groups in making biological agents such as Coffee Fruit Borer pest control.

This research aims to produce an Android-based character calculator media for mathematical problem solving abilities in vocational school students' statistics material that reaches the level of validity, practicality and effectiveness. This research uses the Borg and Gall development design model with steps consisting of potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, product testing, and product revision. The subjects in this research were class X students at SMK Negeri 7 Pontianak, consisting of 31 students. The data collection techniques used are indirect communication techniques and measurement techniques with the data collection tools being validation sheets, questionnaires and test questions. The first research result was validation of the calculator media, namely with an average score from the three experts of 87.27% with very valid criteria. Practicality value, seen from the questionnaire scores filled in by teachers and students which were accumulated to obtain a percentage of 96.76% with very practical criteria. Furthermore, effectiveness, seen from the results of students' posttest results, obtained a percentage of 80.64%, with reference to the school's KKM score, namely ≥75, so the average student test results have complete criteria and are classified as very effective. From the validation results, practicality and effectiveness, it can be concluded that the Android-based character calculator media for mathematical problem solving abilities in vocational school students' statistics material is classified as effective to use.  

Quantum computing offers promising alternatives to classical approaches for solving complex linear algebra problems. This paper presents a comparative study of the performance of quantum algorithms versus classical algorithms in solving systems of linear equations and matrix operations. Through simulation and analysis, we demonstrate that while quantum computing holds advantages in specific problem sets, classical computing remains efficient for general applications. These findings highlight the current limitations and potential of quantum computing.

This research aims to explain the Miller-Seller curriculum perspective in the curriculum development of the Primary Teacher Education Study Program at STKIP Weetebula. This study is qualitative descriptive research with a literature review method. The results showed that in the curriculum of the PGSD Study Program, there were context, objectives, learning experiences, the role of lecturers, and curriculum evaluation. The curriculum context includes philosophical, psychological, and social. New findings in the curriculum of the PGSD Study Program include, the curriculum context is the philosophy of social reconstruction, humanisti and transpersonal psychology, and local cultural approaches. Learning experiences emphasize inquiry and probem solving, as well as finding the meaning of knowledge. The role of the lecturer as a facilitator of learning, facilitator of finding the meaning of knowledge and skills. Curriculum evaluation emphasizes mastery of learning material, acquisition of problem-solving skills, student self-evaluation. Based on these findings, the authors conclude that in the PGSD Study Program curriculum there is a Miller-Seller curriculum perspective, namely the position of transmission, transaction, and transpersonal. The three curriculum positions have various portions in planning, implementation, and evaluation in the PGSD Study Program curriculum.

This research aims to explain the Miller-Seller curriculum perspective in the curriculum development of the Primary Teacher Education Study Program at STKIP Weetebula. This study is qualitative descriptive research with a literature review method. The results showed that in the curriculum of the PGSD Study Program, there were context, objectives, learning experiences, the role of lecturers, and curriculum evaluation. The curriculum context includes philosophical, psychological, and social. New findings in the curriculum of the PGSD Study Program include, the curriculum context is the philosophy of social reconstruction, humanisti and transpersonal psychology, and local cultural approaches. Learning experiences emphasize inquiry and probem solving, as well as finding the meaning of knowledge. The role of the lecturer as a facilitator of learning, facilitator of finding the meaning of knowledge and skills. Curriculum evaluation emphasizes mastery of learning material, acquisition of problem-solving skills, student self-evaluation. Based on these findings, the authors conclude that in the PGSD Study Program curriculum there is a Miller-Seller curriculum perspective, namely the position of transmission, transaction, and transpersonal. The three curriculum positions have various portions in planning, implementation, and evaluation in the PGSD Study Program curriculum.

Natural resource management involves complex decision-making processes that often result in non-linear optimization problems. This study explores the application of genetic algorithms (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to manage resources like water and forest reserves more efficiently. We compare the effectiveness of these algorithms in achieving sustainable utilization while minimizing environmental impact. The results show that GA outperforms PSO in forest management scenarios, while PSO is more suitable for water resource distribution.

This paper presents a computational approach to addressing complex challenges in fluid dynamics and thermodynamics. The study begins by exploring the fundamental principles and challenges in these fields, emphasizing the importance of efficient computational methods for analyzing fluid flow and thermal behavior in various engineering applications. The primary objective is to develop a robust computational framework that integrates advanced numerical techniques and simulation tools to enhance accuracy and efficiency. The methodology involves implementing high-fidelity simulations using finite volume and finite element methods, validated against benchmark problems and experimental data. The findings demonstrate significant improvements in predictive capabilities, offering insights into fluid-thermal interactions under various conditions. These advancements hold practical implications for optimizing engineering systems, such as energy conversion, heat exchangers, and aerodynamics. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts to bridge theoretical knowledge and practical applications in fluid dynamics and thermodynamics.

This research discusses how to resolve performance problems of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) in Ramanuju Village, Cilegon City, seen from the influence of organizational culture, work ability and satisfaction. The population and sample in this study were 91 respondents in Ramanuju Village, Cilegon City, sampling using the saturated sampling method. Data was collected using a questionnaire method, and the analysis used was data instrument testing, classical assumption testing, multiple regression analysis, coefficient of determination and hypothesis testing using SPSS for Windows. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that: the first hypothesis test shows that there is a partial significant influence of the organizational culture variable on the performance of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) t-count 4.903 > t-table 1.986, the second hypothesis shows that there is a partial significant influence of the variable work ability on the performance of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) t-count 2.048 > t-table 1.986, the third hypothesis shows that there is a partially significant influence of the job satisfaction variable on the performance of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) t-count 2.830 > t-table 1.986 and the fourth hypothesis shows that there is a significant simultaneous influence of the variables organizational culture, work ability and job satisfaction on the performance of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) f-count 19.741> f-table 3.10. The limitations of this research are that for further research, it is hoped that the research methodology and other variables will be changed so that it is hoped that there will be improvements or strengthening of performance    

This research aims to determine the effect of Montessori learning media on mathematical problemsolving abilities. This research method is experimental with regression analysis techniques. The research sample consisted of 70 Bina Bangsa Vocational School students in South Tangerang City who were taken using a simple random sampling technique. The instrument for measuring mathematical problem solving uses a descriptive test of 5 questions. The results of the research show that there is a significant positive influence of Montessori learning media on mathematical problemsolving abilities with a value of tcount (3.61889) > ttable (3.13167).  

This research aims to study the link between digital literacy competence and ICT self-confidence in enhancing functional competence among students of secondary school in the context of the Islamic secondary schools of District Muzaffargarh, South Pakistan. Since technology is being adopted in classrooms there is a need to understand the relationship between use of technology and students self efficacy on performance and skill acquisition ICT in particular. It is defined as the skill one require to have while Going For Information Using Technology To Obtain, Analyse and Disseminate Information. ICT self efficacy is defined as the extent of belief that one is capable of implementing applications of ICT. In the given context, the objective of the study is to assess the contemporary digital literacy tools with seminal emphasis on the presentation, assessment, and management of information within the context of teachers’ knowledge in these schools. Further, it investigates the extent to which it establishes the relationship between the modes of digital literacy competency and ICT self-confidence in the development of the functional skills like problem solving skills, critical thinking skills and description skills. Gender is also used to analyze knowledge and confidence of male and female students for using digital tools and ICT self efficacy. The present research therefore employs an exclusive quantitative research paradigm as it utilises questionnaires and statistical measures for the gathering and analyses of responses from students and teachers. It is expected that the outcomes set will enable the determination of the digital literacy and ICT self efficacy for improving function skills as well as educational attainment in secondary education.

The rapid advancement of artificial Intelligence in education and employment necessitates that universities generate graduates capable of adapting to the future of artificial Intelligence. Numerous studies have examined the adaptation and challenges of implementing AI among students. This study aims to identify the essential values and their incorporation into curricula to enhance students' preparedness for the contemporary workforce influenced by Artificial Intelligence. The study used a qualitative method, using literature studies and empirical studies. The study's findings indicate that students must possess seven skills to effectively compete with advancements in AI technology: problem-solving, critical thinking, creativity and innovation, communication, collaboration, digital data literacy, and ethical judgment. With these skills, students can control and collaborate with technology, making production performance more effective, efficient, and high quality. Acquiring skills to navigate the AI era can be achieved by incorporating Logic, Philosophy, English, Business Management, Research Methodology, Entrepreneurship, and Ethics courses.

This study aims to provide a bibliometric analysis of course-based undergraduate research experience from 2010-2023. Data were extracted from the Scopus database and analyzed using VOSviewer. A total of 67 related publications were analyzed and mapped. According to bibliometric analysis, course-based undergraduate research experience, inquiry-based learning, and upper-division undergraduate become the center of the topic in the study of course-based undergraduate research experience in chemistry. It also shows that collaborative/cooperative learning, discovery learning, problem-solving/decision-making, first-year undergraduate, organic chemistry, and chemical education research. are among the novel and emerging topics in course-based undergraduate research in chemistry. This research is expected to provide a better understanding of the challenges and opportunities of studying course-based undergraduate research experience in chemistry.

Quantum computing has emerged as a transformative technology with the potential to revolutionize numerical methods in scientific research. This study explores the integration of quantum algorithms to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of computational techniques used in solving complex scientific problems. The objective of this research is to investigate how quantum computing can address limitations in classical numerical methods, particularly in areas such as optimization, simulation, and data analysis. By employing quantum-enhanced algorithms, such as quantum Monte Carlo and quantum machine learning, the study demonstrates significant improvements in processing speed and solution quality. The findings highlight the capability of quantum computing to tackle challenges in high-dimensional computations and provide novel insights into scientific phenomena. These advancements have profound implications for disciplines ranging from physics and chemistry to material science and beyond, paving the way for a new era of computational-driven discoveries.

Big data has revolutionized the landscape of natural sciences by providing extensive datasets that enable deeper insights and more accurate predictions. However, effectively analyzing such vast and complex data requires optimized machine learning algorithms tailored to specific applications. This study focuses on enhancing the performance of machine learning models in big data analysis for applications in natural sciences. The research aims to identify key optimization techniques, including feature selection, hyperparameter tuning, and algorithm customization, to improve model accuracy and computational efficiency. A combination of supervised and unsupervised learning approaches was applied to real-world datasets in fields such as climate science, genomics, and ecology. The findings demonstrate significant improvements in predictive accuracy and processing speed, highlighting the potential of optimized machine learning techniques in solving complex problems in natural sciences. The implications of this research extend to more efficient resource utilization and improved decision-making in scientific exploration and environmental management.

Adulthood is experiencing many problems that must be faced, especially in middle adulthood. Middle adulthood can be said to start at 35-60 years old. The median age is filled with various responsibilities and roles that consume time and energy. This period is also a period that spans the problems of daily life faced. This period was eventually marked by physical and mental changes, especially in spirituality. The method used in this paper is qualitative, using a literature approach. A literature study is carried out by examining various sources regarding the topics discussed. Researchers use various study sources such as textbooks, scientific journals and scientific internet sources.

Adulthood is experiencing many problems that must be faced, especially in middle adulthood. Middle adulthood can be said to start at 35-60 years old. The median age is filled with various responsibilities and roles that consume time and energy. This period is also a period that spans the problems of daily life faced. This period was eventually marked by physical and mental changes, especially in spirituality. The method used in this paper is qualitative, using a literature approach. A literature study is carried out by examining various sources regarding the topics discussed. Researchers use various study sources such as textbooks, scientific journals and scientific internet sources.

Literacy is an individual's ability and skills in language i.e. reading, writing, speaking, calculating and problem solving at a certain level of expertise required in daily life. Bullying is as unwanted aggressive behaviour of another young person or group of young people who are not siblings or current dating partners involving an observed or perceived imbalance of power and repeated several times or very likely to be repeated. To prevent bullying, efforts are made to conduct reading and writing literacy activities. The purpose of this study is to see how often students of the Faculty of Medicine, Gorontalo State University do literacy reading and writing, especially about bullying. This study uses a qualitative method, namely an observational survey conducted on the management of the Student Executive Board of the Faculty of Medicine, Gorontalo State University. The results obtained from 15 respondents who were interviewed found that all respondents knew about bullying. Only 2 people have never read about bullying, while 13 have. Writing literacy there are only 2 people who have done about bullying and 13 others never. From the results of the research conducted, it was concluded that all respondents knew about bullying, most had done reading literacy about bullying, and only a small proportion had done writing literacy about bullying. 

This study discusses the State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) as a legal entity established by the state to manage natural resources and strategic business branches not controlled by private individuals with the main goal of pursuing profits from state assets separated from the State Budget. As a legal entity, BUMN has assets because BUMN is a legal subject in both civil and criminal law, thereby having rights and obligations like any other natural person. The purpose of this research is to know the legal basis for regulating BUMN/State Assets and whether BUMN assets have legitimacy as collateral for foreign debt guarantees. This research uses a normative legal approach with a problem-solving approach using Conceptual approach, Statute approach, and Case approach. The legal materials used are the 1945 Indonesian Constitution, the Criminal Code, Law No. 16 of 2004 on BUMN, Law No. 1 of 2004 on State Treasury, and Law No. 17 of 2003 on State Finance."

This study analyzes the relationship between character values ​​and core competencies in an educational context or work environment. Character values ​​such as integrity, hard work, cooperation, and responsibility are studied in the context of how they influence and support the development of core competencies such as problem-solving abilities, leadership, and effective communication. This research uses an analytical approach to explore how strong character values ​​can form desired core competencies and influence overall performance. The results of this research provide valuable insights for educators, organizational leaders, and practitioners to understand the importance of integrating character values ​​in the development of core competencies.