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The relationship between philosophy and Christianity is a complex subject that has been the focus of debate for centuries. Essentially, both philosophy and religion play important roles in shaping human thought and worldview. However, there are various views and approaches to the relationship between them. On one hand, there is a traditional view among some Christians who see philosophy as something potentially dubious or even threatening to faith. They may argue that Christianity is the primary source of truth, and therefore, efforts to understand reality through the lens of philosophy may lead to deviations from religious teachings. On the other hand, philosophers often question the compatibility between philosophical intellectualism and religious belief. They may emphasize the importance of using reason and rational methods to achieve a deeper understanding of the world and truth, which may not always align with religious dogmas.History records attempts to reconcile philosophy and Christianity. Some figures such as Justin Martyr and Clement of Alexandria sought to integrate ideas from classical Greek philosophy into the framework of Christian thought. They viewed philosophy as a useful tool for defending and explaining the truth of the Christian faith to skeptics or critical thinkers. However, not all Christians embraced this approach warmly. Some believe that such efforts could cause confusion or even undermine the authenticity of Christian teachings. This could lead to conflict between those who adhere to the traditional approach and those who are more open to dialogue between philosophy and religion. Nevertheless, the debate between philosophy and Christianity continues to this day. Despite tensions between them, this interaction has also enriched our understanding of both fields. Through continuous dialogue and reflection, we can gain deeper insights into the origins, meanings, and relevance of Christian teachings in the context of the modern world.    

Interreligious dialogue is a vital component of religious education, especially in regions marked by cultural and religious diversity. This paper examines the role of interfaith initiatives in secondary education, highlighting their impact on reducing prejudice and fostering peace. Case studies from schools in diverse contexts illustrate how dialoguebased curricula can create a more inclusive and harmonious learning environment. The study concludes with recommendations for policymakers and educators.

Philosophy plays a vital role in nurturing religious education by encouraging critical thinking and ethical inquiry. This study explores the dialogical relationship between philosophy and religion in an educational context, emphasizing how philosophical frameworks can help students engage with complex theological questions. The paper also highlights the benefits of integrating philosophical discussions into religious curricula to enhance moral reasoning and intercultural dialogue.

Islam is basically a religion that requires continuous efforts to acquire knowledge. Muslims are obliged to gain knowledge from birth to death. In educating students, educators have an obligation to provide the best possible learning. In this case, educators can imitate the lessons taught by the Prophet. This article aims to describe the obligation to study according to an Islamic perspective in terms of focusing on the hadith of the Prophet regarding the obligation to study. This can be seen in the Al Quran and Hadith, the type of research used in this research is library research. The results of this research are that the teaching and learning process should be related to the characteristics of Prophetic teaching. Be kind to your students, protect them, motivate them, relate events in the learning process, familiarize yourself with dialogue and mental strategies, and maintain anonymity when criticizing or praising students. So that education remains embedded in the minds of students, we need to apply methods that provide good Uswatun Hasana to students    

The growing environmental crisis underscores the need for education systems to foster ecological responsibility among students. This study explores the potential for multifaith schools to cultivate environmental moral education through an interreligious pedagogical model. By integrating diverse religious teachings on ecology, the proposed model aims to promote shared moral values for environmental protection and sustainability. The research addresses the gap in existing environmental education, which often lacks an integrated approach that incorporates various religious perspectives. Through a qualitative research design, the study analyzes curricula, observes classroom practices, conducts interviews with educators, and evaluates existing environmental education frameworks in multifaith schools. The study identifies key strategies, including the incorporation of eco-ethics from different religious traditions, project-based learning, and interfaith dialogues, as effective means of fostering ecological responsibility. However, challenges such as balancing doctrinal differences, overcoming biases, and developing inclusive pedagogy remain. The study emphasizes the importance of designing educational content that respects all faiths and promotes intercultural dialogue, thereby encouraging a collective commitment to sustainability. The findings suggest that multifaith schools can serve as powerful platforms for environmental moral education, highlighting the value of integrating religious perspectives into sustainability education. The study concludes with recommendations for incorporating interreligious eco-ethics into curricula and teacher training programs and suggests future research on the long-term impact of interreligious environmental education and its applicability in diverse cultural contexts.

This study aims to explore the dynamics of leadership regeneration in an ecclesiastical context with an emphasis on three main aspects: the urgency of leadership renewal, the escalation of conflict within the synod, and the contribution of cross-generational participation in the leadership structure. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative, which focuses on in-depth understanding of existing phenomena. Regeneration of ecclesiastical leadership is becoming an increasingly urgent issue in the midst of rapid social change, transformation of service orientation, and the declining level of involvement of the younger generation in church organizational structures. In the absence of a structured and sustainable regeneration system, the dominance of certain age groups in leadership may hinder the renewal of the church's vision and the transfer of relevant ministry values. Therefore, leadership regeneration should be viewed as a transformative and contextual structural reform, which aims to respond to the challenges of the times and prepare a more inclusive and adaptive future leadership. Conflicts in church synods are often triggered by the tension between the application of normative church ordinances and the complexity of interpersonal relationships shaped by the history and internal dynamics of the church. Rigid application of ecclesiastical regulations without considering the social context can trigger deliberative dysfunction and polarization, which hinders inclusive decision-making. In this case, managerial skills in managing conflict through dialogic, empathic, and reconciliatory approaches are needed to maintain the cohesion and legitimacy of the synod, so that decisions can reflect the needs and aspirations of the people. Cross-generational participation in church leadership is key to ensuring continuity and synergy in ministry. Collaboration between senior and younger generations can strengthen collective capacity, transform power relations, and create inclusive and sustainable leadership models.

The purpose of of this research is to describe environmental degradation in the novel Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar by Tere Liye using the ecological study of literary Grag Gerrard's ecological study of literature theory. This research is a descriptive qualitative research, in which data findings are in the form of quotations or dialog related to environmental degradation in the novel Teruslah Bodoh Jangan pintar by Tere Liye. Smart by Tere Liye. The results show that environmental degradation includes 6 (six) forms of environmental degradation in the novel. this novel, namely 10 pollution, 6 wilderness, 13 disasters, 12 dwellings, 4 animals and 8 earth. Meanwhile, 3 (three) efforts to overcome environmental degradation (environmental ethics) in this novel are 3 attitude of responsibility towards nature, 4 attitudes of love and care for nature and 1 attitude of not disturbing the life of nature. Among these, the most dominant form of degradation found in the novel is natural disasters, as shown through various excerpts and dialogues. This study is also relevant to academic learning as it enriches students' textual understanding while fostering social awareness, moral responsibility, and environmental concern.

Constitutional amendments in Muslim-majority countries, including Indonesia, often face political challenges, constitutional conflicts, and harmonisation between sharia principles and democratic values and civil liberties. This process reflects the complex socio-political dynamics of achieving a balance between tradition and modernity. This research aims to understand these challenges from an Islamic perspective, identify factors that influenced the amendment process, and explore the integration of Islamic principles with democratic values within a reformist constitutional framework. Using a qualitative approach and analysing relevant documents and literature studies, as well as conducting interviews with legal, political and religious experts, this research highlights the political tensions and conflicts related to human rights, governance structures, minority rights and religion. Despite challenges, there are opportunities to mediate sharia principles with democracy through constructive dialogue and compromise. The research also offers strategies to support constitutional reforms that take into account public welfare and democratic principles. Keywords:Constitution, Contextualization, Islam.

Creativity in delivering digital catechesis plays an important role in building meaningful experiences for people in the modern era. This research uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and participant observation. In this article, we discuss how creativity can enrich the religious experience of individuals, especially the younger generation who are accustomed to technology. The use of digital media allows catechesis to be more interesting and easy to remember. In addition, this article highlights the importance of compiling catechetical materials that are relevant, touching, and inspiring. By utilizing technology well and wisely, churches and catechetical teachers can create space for reflection, dialogue, and deeper spiritual growth. Creativity in digital catechesis is not only about introducing religious values in a modern way, but also building a strong connection between individuals and their spiritual beliefs. Thus, creativity in delivering digital catechesis allows people to experience a deeper, more meaningful and relevant religious experience in the ever-changing digital era.

This activity aims to socialize the importance of school and family synergy in children's social and emotional development. This activity uses a lecture method, namely by presenting socialization material followed by questions and answers between the presenter and participants. During childhood, children's emotional development is not yet stable, so it becomes a problem for children in socializing. For example, temper tantrums, anxiety, phobias, and aggression. In Kindergarten in Popodu village, Bolaang Uki district, these problems arise more often because the social environment is wider and more diverse than the family. To overcome these problems, school and family synergy is needed. The implementation of socialization begins with the presentation of the first resource person, then continues with the second resource person and ends with a question and answer session for participants and resource persons. This activity produces additional information for participants in the form of understanding and knowledge about the importance of collaboration between teachers and parents in developing children's social emotions. Forms of collaboration that can be carried out include: dialogue and meetings between teachers and parents, involving parents and teachers in efforts to support children's development both in the family and at school as well as reciprocal visits between teachers and parents at home and at school.

This study analyzes the textbook "Basic English for Tourism" based on Tomlinson's criteria and Littlejohn's Three Levels of Analysis. The findings show that the textbook fulfills several important criteria for effective language learning, such as providing relevant and practical materials, improving language confidence and fluency, and incorporating various learning methods. The book offers a variety of activities, including dialogs, text analysis, writing tasks and grammar lessons, which suit different learning styles and encourage interactive and communicative language use. Although the absence of pictures may be considered a limitation, the content and overall approach of this textbook make a significant contribution in improving English language skills for students in the tourism industry. Therefore, this study provides valuable insights for practitioners and policy makers in the field of English language education, emphasizing the importance of selecting textbooks that match the practical needs and learning objectives of the students.

The differences in views between HKBP and GKII regarding Toba Batak wedding customs reflect a large debate in Lae Rias village, Sumbul District, Dairi Regency. This debate has made the people in Lae Rias less caring and less tolerant. The aim of this research is to examine the differences in views between HKBP Lae Rias Nauli and GKII Lae Rias regarding the marriage customs of the Toba Batak community in Lae Rias village, Sumbul District. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach method by conducting interviews with pastors, congregations living in HKBP Lae Rias Nauli and GKII Lae Rias. The data was analyzed to identify differences in views in their understanding of Toba Batak marriage customs. The research results showed that HKBP Lae Rias Nauli tended to maintain Toba Batak marriage customs. Meanwhile, GKII Lae Rias places greater emphasis on marriage without involving Toba Batak customs. There is a need for deeper dialogue between HKBP and GKII and the entire Toba Batak community in Lae Rias Village to achieve a better understanding of the role of custom in Christianity. It is also important to provide new knowledge to the younger generation about culture so that they can maintain and appreciate it because if understood properly and correctly, religion and culture complement each other.    

This research aims to dissect the Business Development Strategy at UD Bambu Jaya Mandiri, a Home Industry focused on producing Bamboo Shoots, applying SWOT analysis, EFAS, IFAS, and Grand Strategy Matrix. Sample determination was carried out using the purposive method. This study relies on collecting primary data through direct observation and dialogue with the owners and employees of UD Bambu Jaya Mandiri and local officials of Ngoro Jombang Village, as well as secondary data obtained from existing references. To establish a business development strategy in the Bamboo Shoot Home Industry, internal factors with IFAS and external factors are evaluated using EFAS, accompanied by SWOT matrix analysis and Grand Strategy Matrix. Based on the SWOT analysis that examines internal and external factors, the Bamboo Shoot home industry is placed in quadrant 1. This indicates a very advantageous strategic position oriented towards an aggressive growth strategy.

Values of Humanity in the novel “Sang Saudagar” (Genetic Structural Research). Thesis. Jakarta: Master Study Program of Indonesian Education, Post Graduate Study of Muhammadiyah University of Prof. Dr. Hamka Jakarta, 2015. This study aims to find the human values contained in the novel “Sang Saudagar”. To achieve these objectives, this study used theory of text interpretation by the method of content analysis. The technique used in this study is a technique based on the theory of genetic. Research disclosure humanitarian values using qualitative research, the formal text of novel “Sang Saudagar” of Sultan Ali Bumi in the form of words, sentences, and discourse. The results showed that the novel “Sang Saudagar” contains many human values that exemplary by the readers. Human values are: 1) policy, 2) perseverance, 3) compassion, 4) justice, 5) self-control, and 6) quality. Medium of developing human values in the story is through the background story, view of life figuress, the character's mind, character dialogue, action figures and events of the story..    

Abu Sayyaf is a separatist group originating from the Philippines with headquarters in Western Mindanao, Basilan, Jolo and Sulu. The existence of the Abu Sayyaf is trying to build the Islamic Mindanao Islamic State (MIS). Abdurrajak Janjalani is the leader of the Abu Sayyaf which is affiliated with the Al Qaeda terrorist network. The Abu Sayyaf's actions are considered extreme and disturbing the people of the Philippines and the Southeast Asian region. The footprints built by the Abu Sayyaf tend towards radicalism and acts of terrorism. The Abu Sayyaf carries out many bombings and kidnappings and has expanded into maritime areas by pirating ships. Indonesia became one of the countries that fell victim to piracy in 2016 when the barge Anand 12 and tugboat Brahma 12 were hijacked while traveling to Batangas, Southern Philippines. The aim of the piracy was so that the Abu Sayyaf could receive ransom money to fund their struggle. The Indonesian government has made various efforts to free Indonesian citizens who are being held hostage. The Indonesian government is prioritizing the negotiation route in this case. Indonesia is coordinating with the Philippine government, involving non-state actors in carrying out a social approach. The involvement of non-government actors is an opening to build dialogue with the Abu Sayyaf until the negotiation process is successful.

Paul's mission and his teachings offer an important foundation for addressing the challenges of religious moderation in the contemporary era. Values ​​such as tolerance, love, inclusivity and interfaith dialogue are key in responding to the polarization of beliefs, radicalization and the negative impact of digital content. The strategy for adapting Paul's Mission values ​​in the digital space involves online public education and preventing hate speech. The role of religious leaders is vital in maintaining the integrity of religious teachings, encouraging collaboration between religious leaders, and mediating conflicts. Overall, it is hoped that the application of the values ​​of the Pauline Mission can help shape an inclusive, tolerant and harmonious society amidst contemporary complex challenges.

This research aims to determine efforts to overcome the spread of pornographic content on social media. This research is empirical research because it places primary data in the community as the main data that will be analyzed qualitatively. The research results show that efforts to overcome the spread of pornographic content on social media are carried out by providing guidance and counseling regarding the dangers and sanctions for spreading pornography in society, especially for students; Conduct dialogue both directly and via radio and other mass media. Apart from that, dialogue is also carried out with the wider community through community-based field activities, such as programs held for the community by the police, for example when the police are asked to provide a welcome and guidance to the community when there is an agenda in the sub-district and village; Carry out raid operations and process legally, namely the police, especially the Bone Bolango Police, carry out raids and operations at entertainment venues, hotels and accommodation, especially in boarding houses which may be used as immoral places. If found, the police will summon immoral perpetrators, including those who make pornographic videos and take legal action; and Providing protection for victims, by first receiving complaint reports, then collaborating with related parties to fulfill the victims' rights.

Social phenomena and contextual issues in education and theology will discuss various contemporary social phenomena that influence the education and theology system, giving rise to contextual issues that arise in current educational and theological practices, the impact of social phenomena and contextual issues in education and theology on the development of society and religion. As well as things that can respond effectively to existing social challenges and contextual issues. In compiling this article, the author used descriptive qualitative methods. The descriptive qualitative method is a research method that creates systematic, factual and accurate descriptions (words) and images regarding the facts being investigated. The author looks for supporting facts through previous research from journals or books in accordance with the problems raised based on the findings. findings, facts and literature that support finding solutions to existing problems. This concerns cultural and religious diversity, issues of morality in the digital era. And not only that, the impact of social phenomena and contextual issues will be discussed, including the contextual meaning and purpose of education and theology, the context that shapes educational and theological theories, how do we do education and theology in a context like this? That is, being a witness to society , building dialogue between religious communities, creating harmony. The social phenomena and contextual issues in education and theology are such that the challenges in these two fields are often interrelated. Education must be responsive to social change and consider contextual issues, while theology also needs to understand social dynamics to provide views that are relevant in the context of life. The synergy between education and theology can help shape a more inclusive society and a deeper understanding of human values.    

Islamic education holds a strategic position in shaping students’ moral character and social attitudes within multicultural societies. However, Islamic educational curricula are frequently perceived as prioritizing normative-textual transmission and doctrinal compliance, leaving limited room for interfaith dialogue and the cultivation of inclusive dispositions. This study critically assesses Islamic educational curriculum orientations and examines how sharia-based moral pedagogy can foster interfaith tolerance among students. The study also responds to the limited empirical linkage between sharia moral education and measurable developments in tolerance, inclusivity, and dialogic competence in Islamic schooling contexts. Using a qualitative design with descriptive-critical analysis, the research draws on curriculum document analysis and classroom observations across several Islamic educational institutions. Data are analyzed thematically to identify how three key curricular dimensions-akhlak (ethical conduct), maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah (higher moral objectives), and Islamic civilization history-are embedded and enacted in teaching practices, as well as how these elements shape students’ attitudes toward religious difference. The results indicate that akhlak-centered learning supports empathy, mutual respect, and non-discriminatory behavior by framing morality as lived practice rather than abstract instruction. Integrating maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah strengthens students’ inclusive orientation by emphasizing public good, justice, and human dignity as guiding principles for social relations. Additionally, teaching Islamic civilization history-especially narratives of coexistence-enhances students’ awareness of interfaith engagement and positions dialogue as compatible with Islamic identity. A comparative analysis suggests that sharia-based moral pedagogy is more effective than normative-textual curricula in building tolerant and inclusive student dispositions, mainly because it enables reflective learning, contextual moral reasoning, and dialogic interaction.

The model of Jesus' transformative dialogue in the Gospel of John 1-4, describes the interaction of Jesus Christ conducting evangelism consistently through dialogues in John 1-4 with various figures in different contexts that lead to changes in understanding and spiritual transformation both individually and in the groups He faces. This study aims to identify and analyze the model of transformational dialogue carried out by Jesus Christ in John 1-4 to achieve the transformative goal of building relationships that enable the growth of faith among His listeners and bring people to faith in Him. The research method uses qualitative descriptive and exploratory text analysis with a hermeneutical approach to understand the cultural and theological contexts that underlie each effective missiological dialogue. This study analyzes six dialogues in John 1-4, involving Jesus Christ in conversation with four different groups of people. Dialogues as a means of communication to bring about change and deeper understanding of spiritual truth. The results of this study illustrate that Jesus Christ uses various dialogical strategies to convey the gospel message effectively to people from diverse social backgrounds to build relationships that enable the growth of faith. The transformational dialogue model of Jesus Christ in John 1-4, demonstrates wise and open dialogue in the context of evangelism and provides valuable teaching and guidance for modern evangelism practice and emphasizes the need for adaptation to the individual's social context to achieve maximum effectiveness in bringing people to Christ.