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This research discusses the design of correspondence filing applications at the Subdivision of the Gerindra Faction of the North Sumatra Provincial DPRD. The letter filing system that is still done manually causes various obstacles such as difficulty in finding documents, the risk of damage and loss of physical documents, and inefficiency in archive management. The purpose of this research is to design a computer-based application to optimize the process of filing incoming letters and outgoing letters. The system development method used is waterfall with the stages of needs analysis, system design, implementation, and testing. The application is designed using PHP programming language and MySQL database to store mail data. The results showed that the designed application can facilitate the process of archiving, searching, and managing correspondence digitally and increase work efficiency in the Gerindra Faction Subdivision of the North Sumatra Provincial DPRD. This system is also equipped with a security feature in the form of a user login to maintain document confidentiality.

This article discusses the application of deductive and inductive methods in management, which are relevant in facing modern business challenges. Deductive methods, which move from general principles to specific cases, are used to confirm decisions based on established theories, whereas inductive methods, which move from specific observations to generalizations, allow the formation of new theories based on empirical data. These two methods have complementary advantages and disadvantages; deductive excels in efficiency and systematic logic, but is limited to initial premises, while inductive offers flexibility in understanding complex situations, although it risks producing less valid generalizations. The integration of deductive and inductive methods can provide a holistic approach, helping organizations make decisions that are evidence-based, adaptive, and relevant to specific contexts

Forecasting the number of marriages is a prediction of marriages that will occur in the future based on current and past data.  The total population of the married population is continuous, that is, its growth continues without a break. The model used for continuous population is the logistic model. This study aims to see the growth of marriage in the period 2027 using the logistic model growth. Judging from the data obtained from BPS (Central Bureau of Statistics) of North Sumatra Province from 2020 to 2023, the capacity limit (C) =  . The logistic model that can be used to parameterize the marriage rate in North Sumatra province is with a value of k = -0.25019918023 with the formula  .Based on the logistic model, the predicted marriage rate in North Sumatra province for 2027 is 64305.93339.

This study examines the application of network models in daily life using a systematic literature review (SLR) method. Network models are mathematical approaches that aid in solving various optimization problems such as shortest routes, minimum spanning trees, and maximum flows. Findings reveal that the Floyd-Warshall and Dijkstra algorithms are applied for route navigation, Prim's algorithm for distribution efficiency, and the Edmonds-Karp algorithm for optimizing resource flows like water. This research highlights the significance of network models in enhancing operational efficiency, sustainability, and accessibility across various domains such as transportation, logistics, and resource management. With the integration of modern technology, network models hold significant potential for developing innovative solutions in everyday life.

Education is a learning process aimed at developing individual potential in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects, enabling them to contribute optimally to society. In formal education, such as in schools, various disciplines are taught, including mathematics, which helps students think logically, analytically, and solve problems. Mathematics education is expected to help students understand concepts that can be applied in various fields of science and real-life situations. Students should understand mathematical concepts, recognize relationships between concepts, derive formulas and properties, perform mathematical operations for generalization, gather evidence or explain ideas and mathematical statements, solve problems, use mathematics to communicate ideas, explain situations or problems, and appreciate the importance of mathematics in their lives. Conceptual understanding represents the lowest level of the cognitive domain and is a crucial learning objective as it provides the understanding that the lessons taught are not merely about mathematics. The conceptual understanding of mathematics among the 24 students in class XI at SMK RPI Jakarta resulted in an average score of 76.9. This indicates that the majority of students have a good understanding of the concepts, although some still require improvement..

File systems are key operating system components because they store and retrieve files as needed. Traditional hierarchical file systems no longer suit current users’ expectations in organizing extensive collections of files for easy retrieval based on intrinsic and user-defined properties. The number of files in users’ collections is growing substantially, partly because of the ease with which consumer devices capture information. With the enormous capacity of contemporary storage devices and the rising trend of users storing their data in the cloud, they only fuel the number of files needing to be managed. We suggest that current file systems require an enhanced technique of data organization and access so that users can properly handle these ever-increasing data collections. File systems are key operating system components because they store and retrieve files as needed. This study offers improvements to the conventional Hierarchical File System to improve file organization and retrieval through built-in querying capabilities and support filesystem-level operations that execute significant amounts of metadata updates. This is accomplished using attributes (name-value pairs) in a file collection hierarchy. A series of improvements to the HFS introduce the “AttFS” file system. These improvements include using attributes rather than names, logical collections rather than directories, and introducing a query language to the API. We assess the expressive capacity of the resulting model, demonstrate that it solves the relevant shortcomings of traditional file systems in this space, and compare our new approach to those provided by others and our earlier work. We conclude that attributes are better suited than tags to overcome traditional HFS shortcomings.

Waqf plays an important role and offers significant contributions in various sectors, especially in the advancement of Islamic boarding school education. The purpose of this study is to explore the implementation of productive waqf development as a means of educational empowerment at the Daarul Qolam Binjai Islamic Boarding School. The approach used in this study is qualitative descriptive. This research was conducted at the Daarul Qolam Islamic boarding school in Binjai, where data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, while data verification was carried out through triangulation techniques. The results of the study indicate that first, the strategy of developing productive waqf for educational empowerment at the Daarul Qolam Binjai Islamic Boarding School aims to increase the independence of the pesantren and develop human resources as business actors through various assets and programs managed by the Daarul Qolam Binjai Islamic Boarding School Waqf Agency. Second, the productive waqf mechanism is implemented through a systematic, detailed, and in accordance with legal provisions. Third, the development of productive waqf plays a crucial role in the progress and welfare of the education of students at the Daarul Qolam Binjai Islamic Boarding School. The form includes the allocation of productive waqf utilization which is prioritized on strengthening Islamic boarding schools and support for education, including the provision of logistics, infrastructure development, facilities and infrastructure, and Islamic boarding school operations, which are partly sourced from the surplus of productive waqf assets.  

This study aims to explore the influence of religiosity on depression levels among working women in Indonesia, using data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 2007-2014. With the increasing participation of women in the workforce, the challenge of maintaining mental health, particularly depression, becomes increasingly relevant. Employing a quantitative approach and logistic regression analysis, this study examines the relationship between religiosity, socioeconomic variables, and depression levels. The results show that religiosity has a significant positive effect on the probability of not experiencing depression, while age, education, and income also exhibit significant positive influences. Conversely, living in urban areas is found to have a significant negative impact. These findings highlight the importance of religiosity and socioeconomic factors in shaping the mental well-being of working women in Indonesia.

Customer satisfaction is a crucial indicator in assessing the quality of a company's products, services and overall experience. This research aims to identify the level of customer satisfaction and optimize the available data for effective use in sentiment analysis. In this study, we analyzed 4,353 customer reviews collected over the past year, with 3,481 reviews used as training data and 871 reviews as testing data. The analysis process was conducted using the Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) approach and leveraged the Logistic Regression algorithm to build a predictive model. Model evaluation using the confusion matrix yielded an accuracy of 94.60%, a precision of 94.26%, and a recall of 94.60%. The analysis was conducted using Jupyter Notebook and the Python programming language. The results indicate that sentiment analysis is effective in identifying and predicting customer satisfaction levels, which in turn can help a company’s products improve its service strategies. The optimization of previously underutilized data now provides deeper insights into customer perceptions and expectations, enabling the company to make more targeted decisions and enhance overall customer satisfaction.

The aim of this study is to find out the influence of Current Ratio, Leverage, Return on Total Assets, and Company on Bonds Rating in non-financial service industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research is uses secondary data from the Indonesia Stock Exchange listed company and list of companies that had been rated by PT Pefindo in 2014-2018. While the sampling method selection uses purposive sampling and the results are 15 non-financial service companies. The regression model is using an ordered logistic regression by IBM SPSS 23 version software. The research result shows that Current Ratio, Return on Total Assets, and Company Size partially have a significant influence on Bonds Rating. While Leverage has no significant influence on Bonds Rating.

Customer satisfaction is a crucial indicator in assessing the quality of a company's products, services and overall experience. This research aims to identify the level of customer satisfaction and optimize the available data for effective use in sentiment analysis. In this study, we analyzed 4,353 customer reviews collected over the past year, with 3,481 reviews used as training data and 871 reviews as testing data. The analysis process was conducted using the Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) approach and leveraged the Logistic Regression algorithm to build a predictive model. Model evaluation using the confusion matrix yielded an accuracy of 94.60%, a precision of 94.26%, and a recall of 94.60%. The analysis was conducted using Jupyter Notebook and the Python programming language. The results indicate that sentiment analysis is effective in identifying and predicting customer satisfaction levels, which in turn can help a company’s products improve its service strategies. The optimization of previously underutilized data now provides deeper insights into customer perceptions and expectations, enabling the company to make more targeted decisions and enhance overall customer satisfaction.

Mathematics is one of the main skills taught from elementary school to college, playing a role in developing critical and logical thinking patterns of students. However, many elementary school students have difficulty understanding mathematical concepts, especially spatial figures, due to the lack of supporting learning media. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of using Trimatra (three-dimensional) media in mathematics learning in elementary schools. Trimatra media, such as three-dimensional models of spatial figures, allows students to visualize and understand the characteristics and relationships between spatial figures in a concrete manner. The results of the literature study show that Trimatra media not only increases students' knowledge of mathematical concepts, but also motivates students to be actively involved in learning, increases critical thinking skills, and overall learning outcomes.  

The purpose of this study is to determine the strategy of the Youth Organization of 1000 Teachers in Samarinda City in recruiting volunteers so that prospective volunteers who join have an interest in participating directly in helping with educational problems in remote areas and the obstacles faced by the Youth Organization of 1000 Teachers in conducting the recruitment. Youth with its social control function that has an active role in fighting for various values ​​of life that exist in society, the Youth Organization of 1000 Teachers in Samarinda City as an agent of change plays an active role in implementing education, especially for remote, underdeveloped, and border areas in East Kalimantan Province which still need special attention. This study is descriptive qualitative with a focus on describing and describing the strategy of the Youth Organization of 1000 Teachers in Samarinda City in recruiting volunteers so that prospective volunteers have an interest in participating directly in helping with social problems in the field of education, especially in remote areas and the obstacles faced. The data analysis used is the interactive model data analysis proposed by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, where this data analysis consists of data collection, data condensation, data presentation and drawing conclusions. This study uses secondary data collection techniques by conducting library research and other secondary data sources and conducting direct research in the field to obtain primary data through in-depth interviews. From the results of the study, it shows that the Strategy of the 1000 Teacher Youth Organization in Increasing Volunteer Interest in East Kalimantan Province has been running well so far. This is because the members of the organization in it, both the Chairperson, Secretary, Treasurer and donations, Creative and event Team, Survey and Logistics Team, and the members of the 1000 Teacher Youth Organization management in Samarinda City are able to adapt and be creative in recruiting prospective volunteers.

Through a literature review, this research investigates how Islamic economic theory has contributed to the rationalisation of education in Indonesia. An integrative education system that harmonises material and spiritual aspects is built on the principles of justice, balance and benefit. Therefore, Islamic economic philosophy provides a framework for moral and spiritual education that produces morally and intellectually strong people. In order to deal with globalisation and create a generation that is grounded in moral principles and thinks logically, this application is essential. To incorporate Islamic economic philosophy into national education policy and create a globally competitive education system that preserves regional spiritual and cultural values, curriculum design, teacher training and stakeholder participation are necessary.

This final report aims to design a website-based electronic archiving system using PHP and MyAdmin. The data collection method used by the author in this research is the field research method through interviews, observation, library research, and descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques using the waterfall method, namely the Development Life Cycle (SDLC) system, which is used to develop information systems in the website creation process. This method uses a systematic and gradual approach. This electronic filing system can help companies overcome various obstacles when recording and rediscovering documents. Automating processes in the system in systematic recording and storage can save time and help provide information quickly so that the administrative process is smooth. Reduces the use of paper (less paper) because documents are stored in digital format, so documents will not pile up and can reduce the use of archive storage space. In electronic archiving, there is no longer a need to manually record the agenda for incoming and outgoing letters, because when recording transactions, incoming or outgoing letters will be automatically recorded on the agenda for incoming or outgoing letters. For the system to continue running optimally, it is recommended that companies carry out employee training, routine system maintenance, continuous development, implementation of information security policies, and regular system performance monitoring.  Implementing these recommendations is expected to increase operational efficiency and accessibility of company information

This study aimed to examine and comprehend the cognitive development of young children, particularly those between the ages of five and six, at Tk Cerdas Ceria. Direct observation of the children's activities and learning process at Tk Cerdas Ceria was used in this study. Teachers' interviews and field reports were used to gather data. The findings demonstrated that children between the ages of 5 and 6 had substantial cognitive development, as seen by improved language use, problem-solving, and logical thinking abilities. Youngsters started to solve basic problems, comprehend cause-and-effect relationships, and classify items. An engaging learning environment, a range of varied learning activities, and the active involvement of parents and instructors all have an impact on this.

Pineapples are often consumed by humans and produce waste from pineapple skin, but the content of pineapple skin has a water content of 81.72%, crude fiber 17.53%, carbohydrates 4.41%, protein and reducing sugar both have the same content of 13.65%. Usually Mexican people make pineapple skin as a fermented probiotic drink or also called tepache. With the fermentation process in this probiotic drink, of course there is the effectiveness of the Lactobacillus casei microbe which has the ability to inhibit pathogenic bacteria that have the potential in making tepache which is utilized from pineapple skin against sugar concentration. Using the Experimental research method is a systematic, careful, and logical study to control a condition. From making pineapple tepache will produce different tastes, colors, textures and aromas. The less sugar concentration, the more sour it tastes and vice versa. the more sugar concentration, the sweeter it tastes. This is because there is a percentage of lactic acid which will lower the low pH value at the sugar concentration in it.

This research aims to overcome students' difficulties in preparing logical and systematic presentations by implementing project-based learning (PJBL) strategies. The problem faced is the limited ability of students to respond and present information effectively. This research used mixed methods, involving observation, interviews with teachers, as well as pretest and posttest tests on 25 grade 5 elementary school students to evaluate the effectiveness of this strategy. Qualitative data was collected through observation and interviews to understand student responses, while quantitative data was obtained from the results of the pretest and posttest which were compared using the paired t test. The research results show that PJBL is effective in improving students' presentation skills logically and systematically, as well as increasing self-confidence and collaboration skills. Based on these results, it is recommended that teachers consider implementing PJBL with a focus on real experience and collaboration to achieve more optimal learning.

This research aims to explain the characteristics of cognitive, social and moral development in adolescence and adulthood, by highlighting various factors that influence the dynamics of individual growth at these two stages of life. Adolescence is characterized by significant changes in abstract and logical thinking abilities, which correspond to the formal operations stage in Piaget's cognitive theory. In addition, teenagers begin to develop self-identities and build more complex social relationships. In adulthood, cognitive development shows a shift from purely logical thinking to more reflective and pragmatic thinking, which adapts to real-life challenges. This research concludes that understanding the characteristics of cognitive, social and moral development in adolescence and adulthood is very important in supporting optimal individual development. The results of this research can be a reference for educators, counselors and parents in providing guidance and support in accordance with individual development needs at each stage of life.

This paper presents the design and implementation of an automatic Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) making device using an Arduino Uno microcontroller. Virgin Coconut Oil has gained popularity due to its health benefits and versatile uses in various industries. The traditional process of making VCO involves manual effort and precise timing, which can be tedious and inconsistent. The proposed automated system aims to streamline the VCO production process by integrating sensors, actuators, and a microcontroller to achieve precise control and monitoring of the process variables. The Arduino Uno microcontroller serves as the central unit for data acquisition, processing, and control, facilitating automation through programmed logic. Key components of the automated VCO maker include temperature sensors for monitoring heating stages, a motor for stirring, and relays for controlling heating elements. The system utilizes feedback loops to maintain optimal conditions during each phase of VCO production, ensuring reproducibility and quality. The design also emphasizes user-friendly operation, with an interface that provides real-time feedback on process parameters and allows manual intervention if necessary. Safety features are incorporated to prevent overheating and ensure operational reliability. Overall, the developed automatic VCO maker offers a practical solution to enhance the efficiency and consistency of VCO production, catering to both small-scale producers and commercial enterprises in the food and cosmetic industries