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Mental health is a crucial aspect of modern life, with stress and anxiety being among the most common and impactful psychological disorders. This research proposes a stress and anxiety monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT), integrating biometric sensors and Deep Neural Networks (DNN) for early detection and in-depth analysis. The system is designed using MAX30102 (heart rate and SpO₂), GSR (Galvanic Skin Response), and DS18B20 (body temperature) sensors, managed by an ESP32 microcontroller and communicating through the MQTT protocol. Physiological data is collected in real-time, formatted in JSON, and transmitted to both Android and web-based applications for visualization. The DNN model is developed using the TensorFlow framework with a layered architecture and ReLU activation functions to classify four mental states: relaxed, calm, anxious, and highly stressed. The training dataset comprises both primary and secondary data, including the WESAD dataset. Model performance is evaluated through k-fold cross-validation, showing high accuracy and strong generalization capabilities. The results indicate that the integration of sensor technology and deep learning significantly improves the effectiveness of stress and anxiety detection compared to traditional methods. This system demonstrates great potential for the development of AI-based wearable devices for autonomous, real-time, and adaptive mental health monitoring. 

The tradition of communicating with ancestral spirits remains a spiritual practice upheld by various indigenous communities in Indonesia. This tradition is considered a form of respect toward ancestors who are believed to maintain a spiritual connection with their descendants. This article aims to trace the historical roots and cultural meanings of communication with ancestral spirits and reflect on its implications for the Christian faith. Using a qualitative approach and literature review of spiritual practices among several ethnic groups, it was found that such communication is often rooted in relational values, reverence, and the search for life’s meaning. However, Christian reflection calls believers to distinguish between cultural honor and beliefs that may contradict faith in the living God. This article offers a dialogical and contextual approach to wisely and theologically understand and respond to this phenomenon.

This study analyzes the use of non-standard words in a thesis entitled "Effectiveness of Waste Management Based on Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (TPS 3R) Waste Disposal Sites at TPS Jokotole, Barurambat Timur Village, Pademawu District, Pamekasan Regency". The use of language is an essential thing in communicating, both orally and in writing to convey messages and information so that they are conveyed effectively. However, language errors are often found, especially the use of non-standard words, even by someone who has a deep understanding of Indonesian language rules. The use of standard language is very important to avoid misunderstandings, especially in the context of scientific writing such as theses. This research method uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collected then analyzed, classified, and evaluated standard and non-standard vocabulary based on KBBI. The results of this study indicate that many uses of non-standard words include errors in phonology, morphology, use of the preposition "di", punctuation, and non-standard spelling errors, as well as word wasting. These errors are mostly caused by habits, the influence of foreign languages, and a lack of understanding of standard language rules. The research findings highlight the importance of understanding the application of standard language rules in scientific writing to improve the quality of students' writing.  

The rare of English in Indonesia in communicating in everyday life one of the reasons students have difficulty in memorizing and understanding English. Because of this, the author made a study that aims ti find out how much influence the Total Physical Response (TPR) learning method hason the learning outcomes of fourth grade elementary school students at SDN Lemah Duhur III. This research uses a quantitative approach with a pretest-posttest experiment. Giving pretest ang posttest question, student interviews and observations during learning took place as a source of data that researchers obtained. A total of 10 fourth grade students who participated in English learning activities in memorizing and understanding Engtlish using the TPR method became research subjects. The research show the results of significant increase between before using the TPR methode and after using TPR method.

This study aims to analyze how everyday conversations can significantly improve early childhood speech. The main focus of this research is the importance of environmental stimulation and the quality of interaction between children and adults, such as parents and teachers, in the process of language development. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through direct observation and in-depth interviews with teachers and parents of early childhood. The results showed that daily interactions such as storytelling, question and answer activities, and structured games can significantly expand children's vocabulary, improve the sentence structure used, and increase children's confidence in communicating. Verbal activities that are carried out consistently and purposefully are proven to have a positive impact on the development of speaking skills. In conclusion, quality daily conversations play a central role in optimizing children's speaking skills from an early age, and are an important foundation for overall language development.

This study aims to determine the use of flashcard learning media in improving the communication skills of autistic children. Autistic children often experience obstacles in communicating, both verbally and nonverbally, so interactive and visual learning methods are needed. Flashcards were chosen as the media because of their simple, interesting, and easy-to-use nature to convey information visually. This study uses a quantitative approach with an experimental research design. The subjects of the study were autistic children aged 4-6 years who attended Anggrek Mandiri Inclusive Kindergarten. It is hoped that this study will be able to improve the communication skills of autistic children, both in recognizing words and understanding certain concepts.

This study aims to examine the effect of the use of Islamic children's songs on vocabulary mastery in early childhood. Vocabulary is a key element in children's language development, which greatly determines children's success in communicating and understanding their surroundings. Songs as a form of audio-visual media have proven effective in increasing children's language absorption because they are repetitive, rhythmic, and fun. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, data obtained through direct observation, teacher interviews, and documentation of the learning process. The results showed that Islamic children's songs significantly improved children's vocabulary mastery both in religious and general vocabulary contexts. Islamic songs strengthen children's memory of new words and enrich their verbal abilities in the context of learning and social interaction.

The crime of defamation in the digital era has become an increasingly complex phenomenon along with the rapid development of information technology. This study aims to analyze the problem of criminal defamation from the perspective of Hadith At-Tirmidzi Number 1894 and Article 27A of the ITE Law. The main focus of the study is on the dynamics of criminal defamation in the context of information and media ethics, the role of hoax news that contributes to the rampant criminal defamation cases, and legal analysis related to both sources. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach with normative analysis of Islamic legal doctrine and positive legal provisions. The results of the study show that Hadith At-Tirmidzi Number 1894 emphasizes the importance of honesty and prohibits lying as part of moral ethics in Islam. Meanwhile, Article 27A of the ITE Law acts as a legal instrument to address criminal defamation violations in the digital realm. A comparison of these two sources shows that although Islamic law and positive law have similarities in maintaining individual honor, the resolution mechanisms are different. Therefore, this study recommends preventive measures such as increasing digital literacy and legal education to reduce the risk of defamation and increase public awareness of the ethics of communicating in cyberspace

Education is one of the fields that continuously evolves alongside the rapid  advancement  of technology. One effort to enhance the quality of education is by implementing a scientific approach in the learning process. This research aims to analyze the contribution of the scientific learning approach to the development of students' self-directed learning at SDN Semper Barat 11, especially in class V. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results show that lesson planning with a scientific approach is well executed, covering the setting of learning objectives, selection of learning models, strategies, learning media, and evaluation. The implementation of learning with a scientific approach in class V is carried out through activities such as observing, questioning, gathering information, reasoning, and communicating. The research also indicates that students experience an improvement in self-directed learning, characterized by active engagement in learning, high motivation, initiative-driven learning, and self-control. Thus, the scientific learning approach significantly contributes to the development of students' self-directed learning at SDN Semper Barat 11. This research provides valuable insights for educational practitioners in designing more effective learning strategies and offers empirical groundwork for enhancing learning methods oriented towards developing students' self-directed learning.

Adolescence is an important period in the formation of a person's personality, where individuals tend to be easily influenced by the social environment including associations. Unhealthy associations have the potential to cause various problems such as peer pressure, low self-confidence, and the emergence of deviant behavior. This service activity aims to increase the awareness and understanding of Muhammadiyah 6 Samarinda Junior High School students regarding the importance of applying ethics in society through the provision of classical guidance services. The activity, which carries the theme "Ethics in Society: Fun Friends Are Not Toxic", was held for three days on May 14-16, 2025, with three main sessions lasting 150 minutes every day. The material provided includes the introduction of the concept of social ethics, identification of healthy and unhealthy associations, ethical values in Islam, and ethics of behavior on social media. Through participatory and reflective methods, students are invited to actively discuss, conduct social simulations, and reflect on the values learned. The results of the evaluation showed an increase in student understanding, changes in social attitudes, and openness in communicating with guidance and counseling teachers.

The administration of government in a country is not only found in the center of government. The central government gives authority to regional governments to carry out their own government. Various dynamics in changes in regional government policy range from centralized to decentralize. In carrying out his duties, a people's representative must know what the constituents he represents want. There are many ways that people's representatives must do to find out what the people want. One way is to communicate between the two. Communicating with constituents is a mandatory thing that cannot be done by people's representatives. The people have the right to convey what they want to the people's representatives to fight for in a public policy. One form of communication between people's representatives and those represented is through DPRD recess activities. The research was carried out to analyze the effectiveness of the recess in the Badung Regency DPRD which was analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach. The implementation of a recess for members of the Badung Regency DPRD is a mandatory matter which has been regulated in statutory regulations and regional regulations. It is not technically regulated; it only regulates the period and limits of the recess and the recess is held three times a year. The recess activities are carried out in various ways. However, in its implementation, several technical activities are regulated in the recess activities, namely the time of the activity, place, activity targets, discussion process, accommodating community aspirations and even written and verbal reporting of recess results. Observation results show that Badung DPRD members have engaged effectively with their constituents during the recess period, gathering important input and concerns that are crucial for formulating local government policies. This interaction underscores the importance of active participation and accountability in ensuring that the legislative process is aligned with the needs and aspirations of the community.

Marketing management is a planning process. implementing target market control and acquiring, retaining and growing customers through creating, delivering and communicating superior customer value. The aim of this research is to understand consumer needs and behavior, as well as analyze the market environment, increase consumer awareness and recognition of MSME products or services, increase the ability of MSMEs to compete in the market by developing innovative and effective marketing strategies. As for marketing strategies that can help develop MSME businesses and manage wise financial management, strategies can also be described using a SWOT analysis.

Language skills are an important aspect in early childhood growth and development because they are the basis for building communication, developing mindsets, and interacting with others. The purpose of this study is to reveal the role of audio-visual media in supporting the improvement of early childhood language skills in Kusuma Cendekia Kindergarten. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings show that the use of audio-visual media, such as children's songs, educational animations, and illustrated stories, is able to encourage increased vocabulary mastery, fluency in speaking, and children's courage in communicating. The media is considered effective because it is able to present interesting, concrete, and interactive learning, and is in harmony with the developmental stage of children aged 5-6 years. Teachers also apply strategies such as singing together, role-playing, and retelling the content of the video to strengthen children's language mastery. Nonetheless, some obstacles were found, such as the limitations of facilities and challenges in selecting the right content. The results of this study recommend the use of audio-visual media as one of the creative and fun learning tools in the early childhood education environment.

Instagram social media has become an effective platform for spreading positive messages, including messages of peace, to a wider audience. This study aims to analyze the communication methods used in spreading messages of peace through content on Instagram. With a qualitative approach, this study examines various communication strategies, such as the use of attractive visuals, inspiring narratives, and two-way interactions between content creators and audiences. The results of the study show that content that combines elements of visual aesthetics, relevant messages, and emotional engagement of the audience can create a significant impact in spreading the values ​​of peace. In addition, collaboration with influencers and the use of Instagram features such as Stories, Reels, and Live have also proven effective in expanding the reach of messages. This study provides recommendations for communicators, activists, and organizations to optimally utilize Instagram as a medium for spreading messages of peace, while still paying attention to ethics and social responsibility in communicating.

Right thinking requires means or tools of thinking. This means is certain, so scientific activity will not be maximized without the means of scientific thinking. Mastery of scientific tools is very important for scientists in order to carry out scientific activities properly. The type of writing in this article is literature revieu or literature, the data is described descriptively, so that it shows a scientific study that can be further developed. The results of this study are that the stages of scientific activity require tools in the form of scientific thinking tools. The means of scientific thinking serves only as a tool for humans to think scientifically in order to gain knowledge. Language is a means of communicating systematic ways of thinking in acquiring knowledge. Without language skills, a person will not be able to carry out scientific activities systematically and correctly. Logic as a means of scientific thinking directs humans to think correctly in accordance with the rules of correct thinking. Logic helps humans to think systematically which can be accounted for. If you want to do thinking activities correctly, you must use logical thinking rules. Logic can distinguish between correct thinking processes and incorrect thinking processes. Mathematics is a means of deductive thinking, so people can use statistics for inductive thinking. Deductive thinking and inductive thinking are needed to support correct scientific activities so that they will produce correct knowledge as well. Statistics should not be underestimated by people who want to be able to carry out scientific activities properly. Mastery of statistics is necessary for people who will draw valid conclusions. Statistics must be seen as equal to mathematics.

The rapid pace of urbanization has intensified competition among businesses, prompting the adoption of innovative strategies to enhance sales performance and customer engagement. PT Inspirasi Bisnis Nusantara, under the HAUS! brand, introduced “Huling,” a hyperlocal distribution service utilizing electric bikes (e-bikes) equipped with integrated storage boxes to improve delivery efficiency and environmental sustainability. This study aims to evaluate customer acceptance of the Huling service by applying the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The model incorporates five core variables: Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), Perceived Usefulness (PU), Attitude Towards Usage (ATU), Behavioral Intention (BI), and Actual Usage (AU). A quantitative research approach was employed, collecting data from 258 respondents through structured questionnaires. The data were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method to assess the relationships among the TAM variables. The findings reveal that PEOU has a significant positive effect on both PU and ATU, indicating that ease of use not only improves perceptions of usefulness but also fosters favorable attitudes toward adoption. PU significantly influences ATU and BI, suggesting that perceived benefits drive both positive attitudes and intentions to use the service. Furthermore, BI has a direct and significant effect on AU, confirming that stronger behavioral intentions translate into actual utilization. The analysis highlights the strongest impact along the pathway PEOU → ATU → BI → AU, underscoring the critical role of user-friendly design and positive attitudes in driving customer adoption. This research contributes to the literature by demonstrating the applicability of TAM in the hyperlocal distribution sector, offering practical implications for service providers seeking to enhance user acceptance through improved usability and perceived value. The findings suggest that optimizing ease of use and communicating tangible benefits can significantly increase customer engagement and sustained usage of innovative delivery services.

This study aims to fine out how Islamic Business Ethics is applied to buying and selling transaction in Prumdam market, Bengkulu City. The purpose of this study is to explore the understanding and application of Islamic Business Ethics among traders in Traditional markets. The main issue raised was the lack of understanding of traders regarding the principles of Islamic Business Ethics and the challenges they face. The study used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, involving structured interviews with traders who had at least five years of experience in the Prumdam Morning Market. The results of the study show that some of the traders have understood the importance of honesty and Amanah in transactions, however there are some traders who are not effective in communicating the quality of the goods they sell, which reflects the lack of awareness of Islamic Business Ethics principles. Therefore, there is a need for better education and socialization to traders about Ethical values ​​which are the foundation in doing business.

The purpose of this study is to determine the maxims of politeness of language used when communicating with lecturers via WhatsApp. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach method, data collection techniques, namely interviews and observations, other supporting data, namely screenshots of WhatsApp chats of students and lecturers. And using the word "sorry" to respect the interlocutor, sorry for disturbing his time, or disturbing his comfort, in the maxim of wisdom the speaker shows respect for the interlocutor, the maxim of appreciation shows respect for the opinion of the interlocutor, the maxim of generosity shows responsibility, the maxim of simplicity shows the humility and humility of the speaker, the maxim of agreement shows an agreement between lecturers and students, the maxim of sympathy, shows respect and sympathy for the interlocutor. Violation of politeness maxim of tact Hari senin bisa saya bimbingan ngga bun the speaker does not give a choice. A speaker's consensus maxim is unable to prepare himself in forming an agreement.

In Indonesia, the Christian faith is often misunderstood in the context of religious pluralism. Aware of the multi-religious nature of this nation, consideration arises as to what appropriate ideas can be applied to communicating the Christian faith within the context of interfaith theology. The challenges and opportunities in communicating the Christian faith must also be considered. Challenges within interfaith communities include the potential for exclusivism and dogmatism, pluralism, relativism, and inclusivism. These pose significant challenges and dangers to one's faith. If the confession that Jesus is the only Way of Salvation is not sensitive to these circumstances, it can erode, leading to a tendency to deny and equate all religions with the same. This research uses a qualitative method focused on literature review, where sources are obtained from books, journals, and other scholarly works. All scientific references used align with the theme of this paper, namely, "Opportunities and Challenges of Christian Faith Within the Framework of the Theology of Religions."

Perception refers Perception is an individual's way of viewing a situation, shaped by their experiences, environment, and values. Communication strategy is the planning and management done to achieve a particular goal. This study focuses on three research questions: 1. What is the perception of outstanding students in developing communication skills? 2. What is the strategy of outstanding students in developing communication skills? 3. What are the opportunities and challenges faced by outstanding students in building communication skills? The study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The data collection techniques employed include interviews, observation, and documentation. The results indicate that the perception of outstanding students in developing communication skills includes: 1. Learning through practice, and 2. Having both introverted and extroverted traits. The strategies of outstanding students in developing communication skills include: 1. Recognizing the audience, 2. Non-verbal communication, 3. Joining interest groups, 4. Applying the "rule of three" technique, 5. Participating in public speaking activities, 6. Finding examples of communication from great figures, 7. Communicating every day and evaluating. The opportunities and challenges of outstanding students in building communication skills include: 1. Group communication, and the challenge of adapting (both internal and external)