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The lack of access to learning in schools leads to a decline in children's interest in studying. This has become a problem experienced by the children of Dusun Bulaya, Ilan Batu Uru Village, West Walendrang District, Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi Province. As a result, many children drop out of school. The lack of guidance and counseling at home and in school causes a decrease in children's motivation to continue learning. This issue underlies the activities that will be carried out by the community service program; these activities are conducted to educate and shape children's character so that they become more independent and optimal during their early educational years. Early childhood education plays an important role in forming the foundation of children's character and academic abilities. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of tutoring and counseling programs in improving the quality of education and the character of children at TK KRISTEN SETIA Bulaya. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, with the technique Observation, interviews, and documentation are used as data collection instruments. The research results indicate that tutoring programs can enhance students' basic academic understanding, while counseling services help develop positive attitudes, empathy, and discipline from an early age. Collaboration between teachers and parents is key to the success of this program. In conclusion, the integrated combination of tutoring and counseling significantly contributes to improving the quality of education and the character development of kindergarten children.         

Early childhood represents a golden period that is vital for the development of all aspects of a child’s abilities, particularly language skills. Speaking ability plays a central role as it serves as a child’s primary means of communication and social interaction. However, not all children achieve speech milestones appropriate for their age. Speech delays can negatively affect social, emotional, and academic growth if not identified early. This study aims to identify speech delays in early childhood through classroom interactions and to analyze the role of teachers in early detection and stimulation of language skills. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the study involved ten children aged 4–6 years at Siti Khadijah Kindergarten. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model comprising data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Findings revealed that two children showed signs of speech delay, characterized by limited vocabulary, unclear pronunciation, and difficulty forming simple sentences. The main contributing factors were a lack of verbal stimulation at home and excessive gadget use, which reduced direct communication. Activities such as circle time, role-playing, and storytelling were found effective for detecting and stimulating speech development. Teachers play a crucial role as early detection agents, working collaboratively with parents to ensure continuous stimulation at home. Strengthening teachers’ capacity to observe, identify, and support children with speech delays is essential for promoting optimal language development.

This study aims to determine the influence of the Smart Bottle Cap learning media on children's ability to recognize Hyaiyah letters. The research involved all students of Group B at Pelangi Harapan Kindergarten, using a total sampling technique due to the small population (fewer than 30 students). A total of 14 students were selected as the sample. Data were collected through observation and documentation, and analyzed using the t-test. The study was conducted at Pelangi Harapan Kindergarten, Kayubulan Village, Batudaa Pantai Subdistrict, Gorontalo Regency The results indicate that the use of the Smart Bottle Cap media significantly improves children's ability to recognize Hijaiyah letters. There was an increase in the mean score from 22.00 (pretest) to 32.21 (posttest). The combined t-test for the pretest and posttest showed a significanse value (sig) of 0.001 < 0.05, indicating a statistically significant influence therefore, the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted.

Character education is the main foundation in shaping the personality and identity of the nation's children from an early age. This community service activity aims to strengthen national character values ​​through educational films that are engaging and appropriate for children. The program, titled Educational Cinema, uses the film Nussa: "Good is Easy" as a means of learning the moral values ​​and virtues of Pancasila in a simple and enjoyable way. The activity was carried out at Wildanun Kindergarten, Makassar, involving 16 children. The activity was carried out in three stages: preparation, implementation, and reflection. The results of the activity showed an increase in children's understanding of national character values ​​such as religiosity, hard work, curiosity, love of the environment, appreciation of achievement, and social care. Teachers gained new experience in utilizing film media as a learning tool for Pancasila values. This program proves that digital media can be an effective means of instilling national character in the modern era.  

This study aims to determine the influence of parenting styles on the social development of early childhood at the Al-Fajril Ulum Preschool and Kindergarten (PAUD TPA Al-Fajril Ulum). Observations were conducted to analyze how four types of parenting styles democratic, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful influence children's social skills in the context of interaction, communication, decision-making, and the ability to establish relationships with peers. The study used a quantitative method with an ex post facto design, involving a sample of 8 children. Data collection instruments included questionnaires and observation sheets for children's social development based on indicators for each parenting style. The results showed that democratic parenting had the most significant positive influence on children's social development, marked by an increase in children's ability to express opinions, cooperate, respect others, and demonstrate social independence. Conversely, authoritarian and neglectful parenting styles had negative influences due to low emotional warmth, lack of dialogue, and minimal stimulation received by children. Permissive parenting showed a positive influence but not as strong as democratic parenting due to weak parental boundaries and control. Overall, the research findings confirm that the quality of parenting styles plays a direct role in shaping the social behavior of early childhood.

Parenting patterns play an important role in children's self-confidence. Parents are the main figures who raise and educate their children, because children who have self-confidence will dare to try new things and are not afraid of failure. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting patterns and the self-confidence of early childhood children in Bungong Reudeup Baitusalam Kindergarten, Aceh Besar. This type of research is quantitative research with a descriptive analytical design using the Cross Sectional Study method. Data collection used the PSDQ questionnaire. which was carried out on February 22, 2025 for 1 day. The population used in this study were all early childhood children in Bungong Reudeup Baitusalam Kindergarten, Aceh Besar, totaling 30 people with a sampling technique using the total sampling technique. Data analysis using the Fisher Exact Test showed that there was a significant relationship between parenting patterns and the self-confidence of early childhood children in Bungong Reudeup Baitusalam Kindergarten with a P value = 0.033 <0.05. The results can be concluded that parenting patterns have a significant relationship with the self-confidence of early childhood children at Bungong Reudeup Baitusalam Kindergarten, Aceh Besar 2025. promising parents to apply positive and responsive parenting patterns, loving, consistent and open parenting patterns will increase self-confidence in children because children feel accepted and appreciated.

Early childhood education (ECE) demands imaginative and inventive approaches to guarantee that children are actively involved and undergo significant learning in line with their developmental phases. The swift advancement of technology has made interactive video a valuable tool for enhancing ECE learning, especially when integrated with local cultural material. This research examines the use of the interactive video Wajanus (Warung Jajanan Nusantara) in Class B of Mutiara Hati Kindergarten Ponorogo, aimed at familiarizing children with Indonesian traditional snacks while also enhancing their cognitive, social, linguistic, and cultural values. A qualitative descriptive method was utilized, involving participatory observation, semi-structured interviews with parents and teachers, along with documentation via photos, videos, and field notes. Data analysis adhered to the model proposed by Miles and Huberman, encompassing data reduction, data presentation, and thematic conclusion formulation. The results indicate that utilizing Wajanus improved children's involvement in cognitive, emotional, and motor skills while promoting greater learning motivation. Children recognized numbers, shapes, and new vocabulary more efficiently, and they exhibited a positive attitude toward the local cultural heritage presented in the video. However, challenges were noted, including differing degrees of child involvement, the demand for extensive teacher assistance, and inadequate educational resources. In summary, interactive videos grounded in local culture like Wajanus are successful in enhancing early childhood education quality while also reinforcing children’s character education and cultural identity, and they possess significant potential for duplication in other ECE institutions throughout Indonesia

The peer teaching method is a strategic learning tool for creating a conducive learning environment, allowing students to play an active role and fostering connectivity between students. This method can be used as an alternative in classroom learning activities where students with the ability can act as tutors. This activity was carried out at AL Munawar Kindergarten in Tulungagung, with stages ranging from planning, training implementation, mentoring, and evaluation. The results of the community service activities were an increase in student abilities, learning outcomes, active and critical thinking skills, and communication skills. To achieve these results, strategic efforts are needed, starting from curriculum development, improving teacher competence, and providing learning facilities. Although it still has a number of weaknesses, including the difficulty of finding the right tutor who is confident and capable of mastering the material, the peer teaching method can be used as a reference for effective learning media in nurturing and developing students.

This study was conducted at TK Negeri Lebiti, Togean District, Tojo Una-una Regency, Central Sulawesi, with the aim of determining the effect of the demonstration method on the social interaction skills of early childhood students. The background of this research is based on the importance of developing children’s social abilities from an early age through learning activities that involve direct participation and interaction. The main problem examined in this study is whether the demonstration method significantly influences the improvement of children’s social interaction skills. This research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design. The sample consisted of two classes of children aged 4–6 years, comprising 12 children in the experimental class and 20 children in the control class, making a total of 32 participants. The experimental class was taught using the demonstration method, while the control class used conventional learning methods. Data were collected through observation and assessment of children’s social behaviors during learning activities. The collected data were analyzed using statistical techniques to test the research hypothesis. The findings are expected to provide empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of the demonstration method in improving children’s social interaction skills within the context of early childhood education.

This research aims to describe the collaboration between teachers and parents in meeting the learning needs of students with speech delays at Karangan 1 State Kindergarten. It focuses on examining strategies applied to overcome learning barriers while identifying both supporting and inhibiting factors in the practice of inclusive education. The central concern is how interaction and cooperation between home and school create a consistent, responsive learning environment for children with special needs. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design, the study was conducted for one trimester of the 2024/2025 academic year. Research participants included classroom teachers, parents of children with speech delays, and relevant documentation related to inclusive education policies. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document studies, with interview guides and observation sheets as instruments. Validity was ensured through triangulation and member checking, while data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model: reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. Findings reveal active teacher-parent collaboration characterized by regular communication, joint discussion of learning strategies, and parental involvement in school programs. Supporting factors include open communication, shared commitment, and policy support, while obstacles involve limited teacher training, insufficient learning media, and lack of access to speech therapy specialists. The study highlights the need for continuous inclusive training, adequate learning resources, and regular communication forums to optimize education for children with speech delays.

Extreme poverty remains a major challenge in rural areas of Indonesia, including Nagori Bandar Manik, Pamatang Sidamanik District, Simalungun Regency. The 2025 UINSU Community Service Program (KKN) was carried out to empower local communities through various activities covering economic, educational, religious, social-environmental, and health aspects. This program employed a qualitative approach by involving active community participation in needs assessment, socialization, training, and evaluation. In the economic aspect, workshops on dishwashing liquid and herbal pesticide production were implemented as alternative household businesses. The educational sector included religious moderation through a short movie screening Mabbere, anti-bullying campaigns, ecoprint totebag training, and teaching at kindergarten, elementary, and junior high school levels. In the religious field, activities included Qur’an learning after Maghrib with children and Yasin recitals for both men and women. The social-environmental aspect was realized through community clean-up, educational boards on waste decomposition, distribution of garbage bins, and environmental awareness campaigns. Meanwhile, the health aspect focused on education about clean and healthy living behaviors, stunting prevention campaigns, and community exercise. The findings revealed improvements in entrepreneurial skills, children’s literacy, spiritual values, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. The implication highlights that multidimensional community empowerment can serve as an effective strategy to reduce extreme poverty and promote sustainable village development.  

The character crisis and the weakening of Islamic understanding among the younger generation have become serious issues that need to be addressed starting from early childhood education. Kindergarten children are at a phase of fitrah development, which significantly determines the formation of their personality in the future. Islamic education is expected to provide a comprehensive solution in shaping the child's personality from an early age, balancing cognitive, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects. This study aims to examine the theoretical implementation of Islamic Montessori learning as a means of forming an integral Islamic personality in early childhood. Using a literature review approach and qualitative content analysis, this study examines various theories, previous research findings, and expert views sourced from books, journals, and scientific works related to early childhood education and Islamic education. The results show that Islamic Montessori significantly contributes to the development of an integral Islamic personality. Children not only develop cognitively and psychomotorically but also become accustomed to the habits of worship, discipline, responsibility, empathy, and respect for others. Through a conducive learning environment and direct practices of Islamic life, Islamic Montessori serves as a strategic tool in preparing a Muslim generation that is faithful, noble in character, with strong Islamic personality and independence.

The 2021 Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI) shows that 1 in 4 Indonesian children suffers from stunting and 1 in 10 children suffers from malnutrition. Good nutrition is a crucial foundation for optimal growth and development, especially for those growing up in vulnerable environments. According to the WHO, stunting is a failure of growth and development experienced by children due to prolonged inadequate nutritional intake, recurrent infectious diseases, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation. However, on the other hand, children who experience stunting are usually accompanied by developmental delays in various other organs, especially if malnutrition occurs during the first 1000 days of life (HPK). Stunting is defined as a child's length for age (PB/A) or height for age (H/A) that is lower than -2 standard deviations. Therefore, a child with stunting is definitely stunted, but a child who is stunted is not necessarily stunted. Stunting that occurs before a child is 2 years old is an indication of decreased cognitive abilities at a later age if not followed by adequate psychosocial stimulation, thus impacting academic or educational abilities later in life. Providing innovative education such as making moringa pudding is one way to present nutritious and creative food or drinks so that it can be accepted by kindergarten mothers who have toddlers and preschoolers. The content of moringa leaves is a food ingredient that has good nutritional value, especially for preventing stunting in children.

In toddlerhood, child development is an important period (golden age), because at that time there is a basic development that runs rapidly so that it can influence and determine the child's future development. The use of the KIA (Maternal and Child Health) book by parents of toddlers in stimulating child development has not been implemented optimally. The purpose of this study was to analyze the empowerment and skills of mothers in conducting child development screening using the KIA (Maternal and Child Health) book at Kartika IV - 41 Kindergarten and Melati 1 PAUD Post, Kesatrian Village, Malang City. The research design used descriptive analytic with a cross-sectional approach, sampling technique using purposive sampling with a total of 77 respondents who had children attending Kartika IV - 41 Kindergarten and Melati PAUD Post. Data collection using a maternal empowerment questionnaire and a skills observation sheet. The results of the statistical test using the Spearman Rank test showed that the ρ value was (0.000). The proposed research hypothesis is an alternative hypothesis, where, Ha: ρ ≠ 0. Which shows that maternal empowerment contributes to maternal skills in conducting independent child development screening using the KIA book for children attending PAUD Melati 1 Post and Kartika IV – 41 Kindergarten, Kesatrian Village, Malang City.

This study aims to examine the role of teaching assistance program students in developing the creativity of early childhood at Hang Tuah Kindergarten in Bengkulu. Children's creativity is an important aspect that supports cognitive, language, motor, social, and emotional development. The study used a qualitative approach with a case study method. The research subjects included teaching assistance students, classroom teachers, and early childhood children aged 4–6 years. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that students acted as facilitators of creative learning through storytelling, educational games, art activities, and motor activities. The children appeared more enthusiastic, imaginative, and demonstrated problem-solving skills. In addition, students also contributed to non-learning activities such as ceremonies, drum band competitions, and administration, which supported the formation of children's character and discipline. In conclusion, teaching assistance program students play a significant role as companions and agents of innovation who are able to create a fun and meaningful learning atmosphere for early childhood.

This study examines methods of religious and moral development for early childhood at Witri 1 Kindergarten in Bengkulu City. The main objective of this study is to understand how teachers instill religious and moral values through learning activities that are integrated with children's daily lives. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The results show that religious values are developed through the habit of praying, greeting others, and simple worship practices appropriate to the children's stage of development. Meanwhile, moral values are developed through the habit of polite behavior, honesty, cooperation, and responsibility in learning and playing activities. Teachers act as role models by setting positive examples and utilizing storytelling, singing, and educational games to reinforce children's understanding. The study concludes that habituation, role modeling, and contextual activities are effective strategies in shaping the religious and moral development of early childhood. The conducive learning environment at TKWitri 1 supports the development of religious and moral character in children from an early age.

This study aims to: 1) to determine the description of the science abilities of children in group B before treatment with the guided inquiry method at Pembina Bungi State Kindergarten, 2) To determine the description of the development of science abilities of children in group B using the guided inquiry method at Pembina Bungi State Kindergarten. The research technique is an experiment with the design of this study One Groups Pretest-Posttest Design. Data collection techniques used in the study are observation, testing and documentation. The subjects of this study were 10 children divided by the study conducted pretest and posttest. The results of this study indicate that 1) the science abilities of children in group B1 with the guided inquiry method have the highest achievement of developing very well at 79% and the lowest value of 58%, and the average value is 71.3%. 2) the results of the posttest of the science abilities of children in group B1, the highest achievement developed very well at 92%, the lowest achievement developed according to expectations at 71%, and the average was 84.6%. This shows the influence of students' science abilities when given the guided inquiry method in group B at Pembina Bungi State Kindergarten, Baubau City. Overall, the study concludes that the guided inquiry method is effective in improving early childhood science learning outcomes, particularly in enhancing curiosity, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills in the classroom context.

Introducing a sense of tolerance from an early age, especially in preschool, is crucial for building a harmonious society. This article discusses the importance of instilling the values ​​of tolerance and mutual respect among children, particularly in the context of religious diversity. The study, conducted at Telkom Kindergarten in Gorontalo, involved seven students aged 5-6 years. The data collection technique used a Guttman scale questionnaire with intervals (Yes-No). The results showed that 85% of children had demonstrated tolerant attitudes, which include accepting differences, respecting others, and appreciating the religion or beliefs of others. However, there were still 15% of children who were not fully tolerant. Therefore, it is recommended to further develop social tolerance skills in early childhood through various structured and systematic approaches, such as modeling, habituation, storytelling, outdoor activities, singing, and providing appropriate rewards and consequences. It is important to build strong synergy between parents and teachers in formal educational institutions to guide children in developing a tolerant character. In addition, efforts need to be made to increase students' awareness of good behavior, and parents' use of democratic education also plays a crucial role in developing tolerance skills in early childhood.

This study aims to test and find out the influence of the art of folding paper in improving Fine motor skills in early childhood, specifically for children aged 5 to 6 years, were studied at Insan Cemerlang Kindergarten in Makassar City. This research is quantitative and uses an experimental approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The study involved 17 children in the B1 group. Data was collected using test performance, observation, documentation, and children's checklist sheets based on the indicators of child development outlined in Minister of Education and Culture Regulation No. 17 of 2023. The data was analyzed using a non-parametric test called the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed that the pre-test score was 12.7, which increased to 17.1 after the children were given lessons in the art of folding paper, or origami. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test analysis produced a Z value of 3.630 with an Asymp.Sig (2-tailed) significance of 0.000. Since this significance is less than 0.05, the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected, and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted. This means there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test results. Therefore, it can be concluded that the activity of folding paper has a significant effect on improving fine motor skills in children aged 5 to 6 years.in early childhood in Insan Cemerlang Kindergarten in Makassar City.                                                                                                                                                                                       

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of teachers in developing fine motor skills in paper weaving in Group B children at Oikumene Kindergarten, Sorong Regency. The research method used in this study was descriptive with a qualitative approach, namely data compiled in narrative and objective words. The results showed that children aged 5-6 years at Oikumene Kindergarten, Sorong Regency, engaged in several activities that can improve their fine motor skills, such as cutting, writing, weaving, shaping, folding, drawing, and so on. The results of the observations conducted by the researcher revealed that out of 15 children, 10 were in the Very Well Developed (BSB) indicator, while 4 children were in the Developing as Expected (BSH) indicator, and 1 child was in the Beginning to Develop (MB) indicator. According to the researcher's observations, the 1 child in the Beginning to Develop category was influenced by other factors, so the child remained in the Beginning to Develop indicator.