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Globalization brings complex challenges to Islamic education, ranging from secularization to a moral identity crisis among the younger generation. This study aims to formulate a reconstruction of Islamic education to ensure its relevance and adaptability in addressing current issues in the global era. The research method used is library research with a descriptive-analytical approach to various educational literature and contemporary phenomena. The results of the discussion indicate that current Islamic education still suffers from weaknesses in its normative-textual curriculum, conventional learning methods, and limited technological adaptation. Therefore, reconstruction efforts are needed, including a reorientation of educational goals toward the formation of perfect human beings, the development of an integrative curriculum that eliminates the dichotomy of knowledge, and the transformation of student-centered learning methods and digital literacy. The implications of this study emphasize that an adaptive Islamic education model must be able to align the values ​​of monotheism with 21st-century competencies. By integrating science and Islamic values, Islamic education is expected to produce a generation that excels intellectually while possessing strong spiritual and moral resilience in the face of global change.

This study aims to critically analyze bioethanol production from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) based on previous research findings and to develop a project-based learning design for SMA/SMK students. This study employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method by analyzing relevant scientific articles published in the last five years. Data were collected through documentation and analyzed using descriptive qualitative techniques, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that bioethanol production efficiency is strongly influenced by pretreatment methods, fermentation conditions, and process control, with yields generally categorized as low to moderate. Previous studies also reveal that project-based learning significantly enhances students’ conceptual understanding and critical thinking skills. Based on the synthesis of these findings, this study proposes a structured project-based learning design that integrates bioethanol production as a contextual learning medium. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of aligning technical feasibility, educational objectives, and sustainability principles in developing science-based learning projects in secondary education.

Laparotomy is a major surgical procedure associated with a high risk of acute postoperative pain. According to Gan (2017), if pain is not properly managed, it can progress to chronic pain. (Toro et al., 2018) reported that severe pain on the first postoperative day is still commonly found in laparotomy patients, while (Small & Laycock, 2020) indicated that moderate to severe pain within the first 24 hours following major surgery remains a significant clinical issue. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacological pain management following laparotomy under general anesthesia, specifically to identify the types of opioid analgesics used, analyze their effectiveness in reducing pain intensity, identify side effects, and examine administration techniques and routes. This study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method following the PRISMA guidelines. Literature searches were conducted in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink databases covering the years 2015–2026. The included studies comprised randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, and retrospective studies addressing opioid pharmacological pain management in adult patients following laparotomy under general anesthesia. Study quality assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) instrument. A total of 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. The results of the systematic literature review indicate that opioids are effective in reducing postoperative pain following laparotomy under general anesthesia. The most commonly used opioids are morphine, fentanyl, and oxycodone. Of all the opioids reviewed, oxycodone provided the best pain control, while intrathecal morphine was most effective in reducing the need for supplemental opioids during the early postoperative period. Other opioids, such as extended-release dinalbuphine sebacate and tegileridine, are also effective, but the number of studies is still limited. The most common side effects are nausea, vomiting, pruritus, sedation, and dizziness. Pharmacological pain management using opioids is effective in reducing the intensity of postoperative pain following laparotomy under general anesthesia. Morphine, fentanyl, and oxycodone are the most commonly used opioids. Oxycodone and intrathecal morphine have shown good results in improving pain control and reducing the need for supplemental opioids. The selection of opioid type, dosage, and administration technique must be tailored to the patient’s clinical condition to achieve optimal analgesia with minimal side effects.

Health communication plays a crucial role in dental practice, particularly in conveying sensitive clinical information or bad news. Barriers to communication can increase patient anxiety, decrease adherence to therapy, and impact the quality of healthcare services. The SPIKES protocol presents a six-stage, systematic and empathetic communication model for conveying clinical information. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the SPIKES protocol as a health communication model in dental practice. The study used a systematic literature review method with data sources from the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases for the period 2020–2025. Article selection was carried out using the PRISMA approach based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the SPIKES protocol can improve the clarity of information delivery, strengthen the relationship between healthcare professionals and patients, and reduce patient anxiety. In addition, the empathetic approach in SPIKES contributes to increased patient satisfaction and adherence to treatment plans. In conclusion, the implementation of the SPIKES protocol can support the improvement of the quality of clinical communication in dental practice through the delivery of targeted, humanistic, and patient-centered information.

Health communication plays a crucial role in dental practice, particularly in conveying sensitive clinical information or bad news. Barriers to communication can increase patient anxiety, decrease adherence to therapy, and impact the quality of healthcare services. The SPIKES protocol presents a six-stage, systematic and empathetic communication model for conveying clinical information. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the SPIKES protocol as a health communication model in dental practice. The study used a systematic literature review method with data sources from the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases for the period 2020–2025. Article selection was carried out using the PRISMA approach based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the SPIKES protocol can improve the clarity of information delivery, strengthen the relationship between healthcare professionals and patients, and reduce patient anxiety. In addition, the empathetic approach in SPIKES contributes to increased patient satisfaction and adherence to treatment plans. In conclusion, the implementation of the SPIKES protocol can support the improvement of the quality of clinical communication in dental practice through the delivery of targeted, humanistic, and patient-centered information.

This study aims to analyze fifth-grade students’ understanding of the water cycle concept at SD Muhammadiyah Sidayu using animated video assistance, as well as to describe supporting and inhibiting factors, identify obstacles faced by teachers and students, explain teachers’ efforts, and examine students’ responses in science learning. The research used a descriptive qualitative method with 23 fifth-grade students as participants. Data were collected through tests, questionnaires, interviews, and observations, and analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was ensured through triangulation of technique, source, and time. The results indicate that students’ understanding of the water cycle concept is categorized as moderate, with an average score of 69.43. Students are able to explain the definition and stages of the water cycle through images, classify events based on similarities in processes, and distinguish between evaporation and condensation. However, they still face difficulties in explaining the relationships between processes and in providing real-life examples related to the water cycle. Supporting factors include students’ interest and learning motivation, while inhibiting factors involve differences in comprehension abilities and students’ health conditions. Teachers face obstacles such as limited audio-visual facilities, shared LCD usage, and challenges in selecting appropriate animated videos. To overcome these issues, teachers use simple explanations, emphasize key points, replay videos, provide individual guidance, and assign diagram-based projects. Students’ responses are very positive, as animated videos increase their interest, attention, motivation, and conceptual understanding.

Strengthening scientific literacy in elementary science learning requires interactive and contextual instructional strategies. Game-based learning has been shown to enhance student motivation and engagement (Clark et al., 2016). This study aims to develop and examine the effectiveness of an interactive quiz-based educational game on the topic of food chains and ecosystems for fifth-grade students. The research employed a Research and Development approach using the ADDIE model, consisting of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages (Yusuf & Rahman, 2023). The participants were 25 students. Data were collected through pretest and posttest instruments and analyzed using the N-Gain formula to measure learning improvement. The findings indicate a moderate to high increase in students’ learning outcomes after the implementation of the developed media. In addition, students demonstrated greater participation during the learning process. These results suggest that interactive quiz-based educational games can serve as an effective alternative strategy to enhance conceptual understanding in elementary science education.

The increasing complexity of competition in the healthcare industry requires hospitals to adopt adaptive and strategic management practices to enhance organizational competitiveness. This study aims to analyze the role of strategic management in improving hospital competitiveness through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. A total of 41 national and international scientific articles published between 2014 and 2025 were reviewed, sourced from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Sinta databases, following the PRISMA guidelines for literature selection. The synthesis of findings indicates that strategic management plays a significant role in strengthening hospital competitiveness through clear strategy formulation, consistent implementation, and continuous performance evaluation. Key factors contributing to competitive advantage include strategic leadership, adaptive organizational culture, effective human resource management, utilization of information technology, and integration between strategic planning and operational processes. The results emphasize that hospitals implementing strategic management comprehensively are better equipped to respond to environmental dynamics, improve service quality, and sustain competitive advantage in the long term. This study highlights the importance of strategic management as a foundational element in modern hospital governance and provides a conceptual basis for future empirical research in healthcare management.

The increasing complexity of competition in the healthcare industry requires hospitals to adopt adaptive and strategic management practices to enhance organizational competitiveness. This study aims to analyze the role of strategic management in improving hospital competitiveness through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. A total of 41 national and international scientific articles published between 2014 and 2025 were reviewed, sourced from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Sinta databases, following the PRISMA guidelines for literature selection. The synthesis of findings indicates that strategic management plays a significant role in strengthening hospital competitiveness through clear strategy formulation, consistent implementation, and continuous performance evaluation. Key factors contributing to competitive advantage include strategic leadership, adaptive organizational culture, effective human resource management, utilization of information technology, and integration between strategic planning and operational processes. The results emphasize that hospitals implementing strategic management comprehensively are better equipped to respond to environmental dynamics, improve service quality, and sustain competitive advantage in the long term. This study highlights the importance of strategic management as a foundational element in modern hospital governance and provides a conceptual basis for future empirical research in healthcare management.

This study aims to analyze the development of studies on the use of biomass as a renewable energy source to support national energy security using a bibliometric approach. Research data were obtained from the Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases with a publication range of 2015-2025. The analysis was conducted using VOSviewer and Biblioshiny. The results show a significant increase in publication trends in the last decade, especially in the period 2016-2024, reflecting the increasing academic attention to biomass as a solution in the energy transition. Keyword visualization shows that biomass is closely related to concepts such as combustion, thermal efficiency, calorific value, and pelletizing. China is the country with the highest publication contribution, while Indonesia is strategically positioned due to its abundant biomass waste potential. Overall, biomass has great potential to support energy diversification, reduce dependence on fossil fuels, and strengthen national energy security in a sustainable manner.

Pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita spp.) are a byproduct of pumpkin that has great potential to be developed as a functional food ingredient due to their high nutritional content and bioactive compounds. This article aims to examine the valorization (utilization) of pumpkin seeds in various food products and their potential as a functional food. The method used was a narrative literature review through a search of the Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and MDPI databases for the period 2016–2026. The results of the study indicate that pumpkin seeds have been applied in various food products such as cookies, crackers, bread, biscuits, cakes, muffins, and snack bars. The addition of pumpkin seeds generally increases the content of protein, fiber, unsaturated fatty acids, minerals, and bioactive compounds that contribute to antioxidant activity. However, increasing the proportion of pumpkin seeds also affects the physical and sensory characteristics of the product, such as darker color, decreased volume, and changes in texture due to reduced gluten content in the dough. Therefore, formulation optimization is needed to achieve a balance between increasing nutritional value and consumer acceptance. Overall, pumpkin seeds have the potential to be used as an ingredient in the development of functional foods.

This study aims to systematically analyze the literature on the implementation of external evaluation systems and accreditation management in improving the quality of Islamic education. It also seeks to provide a more comprehensive understanding of best practices that can be applied by Islamic educational institutions in responding to increasingly complex quality demands. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach, this study identifies themes, strategies, and challenges found in previous studies. Articles were identified from Google Scholar, Garuda, and ScienceDirect databases within the 2012–2024 period. The selection process involved a step-by-step screening of titles and abstracts, resulting in 15 main articles for further in-depth review. The findings indicate that external evaluation functions as a strategic instrument to enhance accountability, transparency, and quality control in educational institutions. Key themes identified include the importance of a Total Quality Management (TQM) culture, the strategic role of Management Information Systems (MIS) in data governance, and the gap between administrative compliance and substantive quality improvement. This study concludes that effective accreditation management requires a shift from a bureaucratic approach toward a culture of continuous improvement integrated with Islamic values and oriented toward overall educational quality enhancement.

This study aims to describe the transformation of Biology learning through the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to strengthen 21st-century skills at a State Senior High School in Waingapu, East Sumba. Amidst the limitations of physical laboratory facilities, AI emerges as an innovative solution to visualize abstract biological concepts. This research employs a qualitative approach, with data collection techniques involving observation, interviews with teachers and students, and documentation studies. The results indicate that the utilization of AI platforms, such as Generative AI and virtual simulations, significantly shifts the student learning paradigm from rote memorization to active inquiry. The integration of AI has proven effective in reinforcing the 4C skills (Critical Thinking, Creativity, Collaboration, and Communication). Students have become more critical in validating information, creative in designing science projects, and more collaborative in classroom discussions. Furthermore, AI assists teachers in streamlining instructional time, allowing for deeper conceptual exploration. Despite challenges regarding local internet stability, this transformation represents a strategic step in narrowing the educational quality gap between peripheral and urban areas. In conclusion, the implementation of AI, coupled with adaptive teacher guidance, is highly effective in developing competitive students in the digital era.

The digital era has fundamentally revolutionized human interaction and information processing, particularly for Generation Z as digital natives. This research aims to identify the characteristics of digital information consumed by Generation Z and evaluate their long-term memory (LTM) capacity in the digital age. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with a qualitative approach, 15 relevant studies published between 2021 and 2026 were analyzed from databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The findings indicate that digital information characteristics—which are often "bite-sized," visual, and rapidly consumed—tend to encourage shallow encoding and digital amnesia. However, the study also found a dual impact: while high cognitive load and constant multitasking can hinder memory consolidation, structured digital use and interactive learning modules can significantly enhance memory retention. These results imply that optimal cognitive function in the digital era highly depends on digital literacy and effective information management strategies to balance technological use with natural cognitive sharpness.

The rapid development of modern science and technology has brought major transformations to various aspects of human life, including education, communication, economics, health, and social interaction. Nevertheless, this progress often creates a gap between scientific advancement and spiritual or moral values, particularly when viewed from an Islamic perspective. This study aims to analyze the relationship between modern science and Islamic teachings, while also exploring relevant forms of integration between the two in responding to contemporary life challenges. The research employs a qualitative approach through a comprehensive literature review of books, scientific journals, and other academic sources related to science and Islam. The findings indicate that Islam is fundamentally not opposed to science; instead, Islamic teachings encourage critical thinking, intellectual development, and the pursuit of knowledge for the benefit of humanity. Furthermore, the integration of scientific knowledge and Islamic values is considered essential in maintaining balance between technological progress, ethical responsibility, and human morality. Therefore, continuous and contextual efforts are needed to harmonize science and religion so that both can contribute optimally to the development of a more humane, ethical, and spiritually grounded civilization.

The discipline of Qur'anic Studies (‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān) has experienced a significant paradigm shift from the classical textual-normative approach to a modern contextual and hermeneutic framework. This systematic literature review aims to map the dynamics of this growth by evaluating the ontological, epistemological, and teleological boundaries of Qur'anic studies within contemporary Islamic scholarship. Utilizing a qualitative Systematic Literature Review (SLR) design, data were gathered from reputable academic journals published over the last decade and analyzed through thematic synthesis. The findings reveal four major transformations. First, an ontological redefinition where the Qur'an is no longer viewed merely as a static written text, but as a performative living discourse, necessitating a strict demarcation between the Qur'an and Hadith to prevent the sacralization of the profane. Second, an epistemological reconstruction that shifts the discipline from mechanistic auxiliary sciences to a holistic-interdisciplinary methodology integrating social sciences and humanities. Third, an expansion of scope beyond textual analysis into applied realities, notably the emergence of Living Qur'an and Digital Qur'an sub-disciplines responding to the disruption of religious authority. Fourth, a teleological shift where the ultimate goal of studying the Qur'an transitions from individual piety to social transformation, serving as an intellectual defense mechanism against post-truth populism and promoting emancipatory theology. The implication of this study suggests that contemporary Qur'anic studies must proactively offer ethical frameworks for global challenges rather than merely preserving historical dogma

Discussions regarding the origins of the universe have been a focus in philosophy and science, particularly regarding the relationship between the concept of God and modern cosmology. The concept of God as the prima causa is considered the core of classical cosmology, while modern cosmology posits that the universe has a beginning of time. This study aims to observe and analyze the comparison of the concept of God as the first cause by Thomas Aquinas and the Big Bang theory of modern cosmology. The method used is a literature study by examining various philosophical and scientific sources. The results of this study will emphasize the fundamental differences between Thomas Aquinas's approach to God as the first cause metaphysically and the approach of the theory of the origin of the universe (Big Bang theory) which focuses on the physical processes of the universe. Although there are different approaches, there are points of dialogue that open up space for integration between philosophy and modern cosmology. Abstrak. Diskusi berkaitan asal-usul alam semesta sudah menjadi sorotan dalam filsafat dan sains, khususnya mengenai hubungan antara konsep ketuhanan dan kosmologis modern. Konsep ketuhanan sebagai causa prima dinilai sebagai inti kosmolgis klasik sedangkan kosmologis modern mengangkat bahwa alam semesta ada permulaan waktu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat dan menganalisis perbandingan konsep Tuhan sebagai penyebab pertama oleh Thomas Aquinas dan teori Big Bang dari kosmologis modern. Metode yang digunakan ialah studi kepustakaan dengan mengkaji berbagai sumber filsafat dan sains. Hasil penelitian ini akan menekankan perbedaan fundamental berkaitan pendekatan Thomas Aquinas mengenai Tuhan sebagai penyebab pertama secara metafisik dengan pendekatan teori asal-usul alam semesta (teori Big Bang) yang berfokus pada proses fisik alam semesta. Walaupun ada pendekatan yang berbeda namun ada titik dialog yang membuka ruang integrasi antara filsafat dan kosmologi modern.  

Dengue remains a major vector-borne disease worldwide, and the increasing resistance of Aedes aegypti to synthetic insecticides has encouraged the exploration of environmentally friendly botanical larvicides. This study aimed to systematically evaluate scientific evidence regarding the larvicidal potential of endemic Kalimantan plants against Aedes aegypti and to identify priority candidates for future research. A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were performed across Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Web of Science, MDPI, Wiley Online Library, Garuda, SINTA, and Google Scholar for studies published between January 2016 and January 2026. A total of 925 records were identified, and after duplicate removal, screening, and eligibility assessment, 88 studies were included in the final synthesis. The results showed that botanical larvicides rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolics, limonoids, and sulfur compounds demonstrated significant larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti. However, no direct larvicidal studies were identified for endemic Kalimantan species, including Fibraurea tinctoria, Arcangelisia flava, Dacrydium beccarii, Agathis borneensis, and Scorodocarpus borneensis. These findings highlight substantial evidence gaps and indicate that Kalimantan biodiversity represents a promising source of novel larvicidal agents for sustainable dengue vector control.

The implementation of Hospital Management Information Systems (HMIS) has become a strategic imperative to enhance operational efficiency amidst the ongoing global digital health transformation era. This study aims to analyze the determinants of successful HMIS implementation and its impact on service efficiency and patient outcome quality. Employing a narrative review approach with thematic synthesis of literature from PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases between 2016-2026, the study evaluates the relationship between technology investment and organizational performance. The synthesis results indicate that while HMIS significantly reduces administrative burdens and medication errors, a "digital paradox" exists where technical efficiency may disrupt interpersonal interactions between healthcare providers and patients if systems are not user-centered. Key success factors include data interoperability (HL7/FHIR standards), human resource readiness, and governance policy support. This study concludes that a patient-centered efficiency model is the fundamental basis for ensuring technology investments yield sustainable added value within the healthcare delivery system.

Indonesia, as a tropical country, is exposed to high levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, increasing the risk of skin damage. Sunscreen is widely used as a protective measure indicated by the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of active ingredient variations on SPF values and other influencing factors. A literature review with a descriptive-comparative approach was conducted using research articles published between 2021 and 2026 from Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Elsevier. A total of seven eligible articles were analyzed. The results showed that the type of active ingredients, concentration, combination of ingredients, and dosage form significantly influence SPF values. Natural ingredients generally produce low to moderate SPF values, while combinations of active ingredients result in significantly higher SPF due to synergistic effects. Increasing the concentration of active ingredients also leads to higher SPF values. Additionally, dosage forms such as creams, serums, sunscreen powder and foundations affect sunscreen effectiveness through their film-forming ability on the skin. In conclusion, the combination of active ingredients and higher concentrations provides more optimal protection against UV radiation.