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The study evaluates the effectiveness of implementing a pickleball training model for middle-aged journalists in Surabaya, focusing on those aged 45-54. The research utilizes a quantitative one-group pretest-posttest design, with 33 male journalists participating. Over three weeks, participants engaged in eight pickleball training sessions. The study measures improvements in executing forehand, backhand, and serve shots using observational criteria. IBM SPSS Statistics 26 was employed for data analysis, using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test due to the non-normal distribution of data. Results indicate significant improvements in all measured skills, evidenced by a p-value < 0.05. The average skill improvement was 65.53%, with specific gains in forehand, backhand, and serve skills noted. These findings suggest that pickleball not only enhances physical fitness but also contributes positively to emotional well-being, thanks to the enjoyable and social nature of the sport. The study highlights pickleball's low injury risk and its suitability for middle-aged individuals, promoting both physical health and social interaction. However, the absence of a control group is a limitation; future research should consider comparative studies to validate these findings further. Overall, pickleball appears to be an effective, enjoyable form of exercise for middle-aged professionals, enhancing both physical and psychological health.

Phubbing behavior, which is the tendency to ignore those around us in favor of attention on social media, has become an increasing concern in the context of social interactions, especially among teenagers. This study aims to explore the impact of phubbing behavior on interpersonal communication among vocational school students. The research method used in this research is pre-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest research design. The population of this research is SMK in Rembang. The sample taken was 10 students using simple random sampling technique. To overcome this problem, this research proposes the application of group guidance using sociodrama techniques as an alternative intervention. The results of the analysis show that group guidance using sociodrama techniques has a positive influence in improving interpersonal communication between students. The implication of this research is the importance of appropriate interventions in dealing with phubbing behavior among adolescents to improve the quality of interpersonal relationships and their psychological well-being.    

The research objectives were to determine: 1) the relationship between parental supervision and the Christian character of student at SMP Negeri 3 Sipoholon, 2) the relationship between peer interaction and the christian character of student at SMP Negeri 3 Sipoholon, 3) the relationship between parental supervision and peer interaction with christian character, Sipoholon 3 public Midlle School Student. In this research, a quantitative descriptive inferential approach was used. The population ofof all student at SMP Negeri 3 Sipoholon for the 2023-2024 academic year is 262 people.

Pakistan's legal landscape is characterized by a complex interplay of various legal systems, including Islamic law (Sharia) and secular legal frameworks inherited from colonial legacies. This paper seeks to explore the dynamics of legal pluralism in Pakistan, focusing on the coexistence and interaction of Islamic law and secular legal systems within the country's judiciary and legal institutions. Through a comparative analysis, the paper aims to examine the historical evolution, sources, principles, and application of both Islamic law and secular legal systems in Pakistan, shedding light on their respective roles, conflicts, and accommodations within the Pakistani legal framework. Additionally, the paper will critically assess the challenges and opportunities posed by legal pluralism in Pakistan, particularly in terms of ensuring justice, rule of law, and human rights in a diverse and rapidly changing society.

This study explores the concepts of salvation and forgiveness in Christian theology, with a focus on contemporary implications and challenges in the digital age. Through theological analysis, the concept of salvation is understood as God's gift that changes character, while forgiveness becomes a call to practice love in social interactions. Contemporary challenges, including relevance in the digital age and the impact of controversial content, are driving the adaptation of these values. Believers are expected to be agents of change in building an inclusive and tolerant society. Implications for everyday life include character transformation and the role of believers in overcoming digital conflicts. In conclusion, the concepts of salvation and forgiveness are not only a theological basis, but also a source of inspiration for forming positive behavior in the dynamics of the contemporary world.

English translation. The rapid advancement of technology encourages more diverse interactions in languages, one of which is followed by the emergence of various social media. The following research aims to discuss linguistic interactions regarding locutionary speech acts in Pragmatics. Unlike previous studies, this data was taken from utterances that discussed Indonesian language material uploaded by a Twitter user. Starting from discussing UTBK questions, PBM, language issues, to updates regarding the EYD (Edition V) which is implemented in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the intent and form of locutionary speech acts in Fauzan Al-Rasyid's Twitter account uploads regarding this linguistic material. This article applies a research method with a pragmatic and descriptive qualitative approach that uses techniques of reading, observing, and documenting the data to be collected. Documentation techniques are used to collect data, reduce data, display data, and verify the data taken so that all data is neatly arranged and properly recorded. The results of this study, the researcher found 15 speech data where all the data were in the form of locutionary speech acts. The 15 data have the intention of conveying information and giving confirmation from speakers to speech partners related to language. Then, in presenting the data, the writer uses formal and informal presentation. This research is expected to provide an understanding of locutionary speech acts and can be used as a basis and reference or reference by other researchers who wish to conduct similar research in order to improve their problem-solving skills or as an effort to improve their analytical skills .    

This article discusses the comparison between Islamic pedagogy in traditional and online learning environments, as well as the impact of digital learning tools on the teaching and learning process. By reviewing existing literature and conducting a comparative analysis, the study identifies the strengths and weaknesses of each method. Findings indicate that while online learning offers greater flexibility and accessibility, challenges such as social interaction and depth of learning remain concerns. The article concludes that the integration of Islamic pedagogy with digital learning tools can enrich the learning experience if applied wisely, emphasizing Islamic values in the digital context.

The stochastic SEIR model offers an innovative approach to understanding the spread of infectious diseases, particularly tuberculosis, in limited populations. This study adopts a stochastic model to capture random variability in individual interactions, often overlooked in deterministic models. The population is divided into four main categories: Susceptible (S), Exposed (E), Infected (I), and Recovered (R), with transitions between categories determined by probabilities based on epidemiological parameters. Through simulations, the model demonstrates its capability to depict more realistic patterns of disease spread, including fluctuations in case numbers and epidemic duration. The findings indicate that stochastic variability plays a crucial role in understanding the dynamics of tuberculosis transmission, especially in small populations or when the number of individual contacts is limited. The stochastic SEIR model can serve as an effective tool for policymakers to evaluate various intervention strategies, such as vaccination, transmission control, and treatment, as well as to design public health policies that are data-driven and adaptive to epidemiological uncertainties.

During the process of making sambiloto simplicial which involves heat, it can cause degradation of chlorophyll. Increasing the stability of chlorophyll can be done by forming Zn-chlorophyll complexes with metals which are be able to form complexes where more stable than Mg such as by using Zn. The aim of this research is to determine how the physical and chemical characteristics of the bitter simplicia powder produced are influenced by the type of reagent and the concentration of the reagent when heated in an oven. Simplicia bitter powder is made through a sorting, grinding and sieving process. Next, the zinc chloride and zinc acetate reagents were mixed with concentrations of 0, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ppm, and then dried. The results showed a real effect (p value <0.05) of the interaction between the types of ZnCl2 and Zn acetate reagents and the reagent concentration on color intensity, color stability, water content, ash content and chlorophyll content. The higher the concentration of ZnCl2 and Zn acetate, the higher the water content, ash content, chlorophyll content, L*, and -a*, while b* and ∆E decrease. At a concentration of 500 ppm ZnCl2 showed an increase in water, ash, chlorophyll, ∆E, L*, and a* content while b* decreased. Meanwhile, Zn acetate 500 ppm moisture content, ash content, chlorophyll content, L*, and ∆E decreased, while a* and b* increased. Sambiloto simplicia powder which has the highest chlorophyll content is Zn acetate 400 ppm, with characteristics of water content 6.81% ww, ash content 15.74% ww, total chlorophyll 397.97 mg/100 g ww, green color intensity (-a) -2.93, and ∆E 5.48.

This community service program aims to facilitate the improvement of English skills for military personnel of Radar Unit 212, Indonesian Air Force, in Natuna Regency. This area is in close proximity to the South China Sea, which is still subject to territorial disputes among several Southeast Asian countries. As an international language, English plays a crucial role as a communication bridge for Air Force personnel. By implementing Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), a teaching method focusing on actual interaction such as conversation and discussion, the Air Force personnel can benefit from this English skills improvement program.

Posyandu is a form of Community Resource Health Effort (UKBM) which is managed from, by, for and with the community, in order to empower the community and make it easier for the community to obtain basic health services. Improving the quality of health services can be seen from the ease of obtaining services, speed and accuracy of services and affordable costs. To fulfill the provision of good services is determined by the abilities, attitudes and behavior of service officers in their interactions with the community as service recipients. The implementation of the Posyandu program did not run smoothly due to a lack of participation from the community using the service. Adequate service facilities and facilities do not necessarily make residents active in going to Posyandu. Only a small portion of the healthy behavior of mothers and children in the community are willing to implement it and obtain it through Posyandu, so the role of cadres is very influential in increasing community participation through a pick-up system and going directly into the community

Posyandu is a form of Community Resource Health Effort (UKBM) which is managed from, by, for and with the community, in order to empower the community and make it easier for the community to obtain basic health services. Improving the quality of health services can be seen from the ease of obtaining services, speed and accuracy of services and affordable costs. To fulfill the provision of good services is determined by the abilities, attitudes and behavior of service officers in their interactions with the community as service recipients. The implementation of the Posyandu program did not run smoothly due to a lack of participation from the community using the service. Adequate service facilities and facilities do not necessarily make residents active in going to Posyandu. Only a small portion of the healthy behavior of mothers and children in the community are willing to implement it and obtain it through Posyandu, so the role of cadres is very influential in increasing community participation through a pick-up system and going directly into the community

Community creative economic empowerment plays an important role in improving welfare, preventing stunting, and enabling the development of creative potential and the uniqueness of local culture. The MAMAH TING-TING counselling and cooking demonstration in Sidorejo Village focused on delivering information on the prevention of wasting and stunting through the utilisation of local food, with interaction of question and answer sessions and quizzes, as well as the practice of making corn pudding as a High Calorie High Protein (TKTP) menu for the prevention of stunting in children, attended by 30 out of 40 invited PKK members. The MAMAH TING-TING counselling and cooking demonstration have successfully delivered important information about wasting and stunting prevention to the community, especially the PKK women of Sidorejo Village. Through a comprehensive explanation of the meaning, differences, causal factors, impacts, prevention and control of wasting and stunting, as well as a cooking demonstration of corn pudding as an example of a TKTP menu, participants are expected to better understand the importance of nutritious food consumption in preventing stunting in children. The interaction of question and answer sessions and quizzes have also contributed to ensuring participants' understanding of the material presented.

The decline in cognitive function can be influenced by various factors, both individual and environmental. Individual factors include age, gender, level of education, genetic factors, and medical history. Meanwhile, environmental factors include social engagement and activities, both physical and cognitive activities. This research aims to investigate the Relationship between Social Interaction and Physical Activity with Cognitive Function in the Elderly Population in Neighborhood 05 of Cilangkap Subdistrict, Tapos District, Depok City. The method used in this research utilizes a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design, involving a sample of 55 respondents. The research results showed that the majority of respondents had good social interaction, totaling 32 respondents out of the total respondents. Of these, 23 (71.0%) respondents had a normal cognitive function, while 9 (28.1%) respondents experienced moderate cognitive impairment. Additionally, the majority of respondents with good physical activity and normal cognitive function amounted to 22 respondents (75.9%), while respondents with good physical activity and moderate cognitive impairment numbered 7 respondents (24.1%). In conclusion, the majority of respondents with good social interaction and good physical activity tended to have normal cognitive function.    

Learning is the core of the educational process. In it there is interaction between various components, namely teachers, students and learning materials or learning resources. The interaction between these three main components involves facilities and infrastructure such as methods, media and the arrangement of the learning environment so as to create a learning process that allows the planned goals to be achieved. This research aims to determine the planning and implementation of Islamic Religious Education learning at Elementary School 1 Padang Panjang Barat. This type of research is qualitative research. With a descriptive qualitative method using data collection methods in the form of observation, interviews and documentation. Next, to test the validity of the data, researchers used triangulation techniques. Then, to analyze the data, researchers divided it into four components, including: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of the research show that Islamic Religious Education Learning at Elementary School 1 Padang Panjang Before carrying out Islamic religious education learning, the teacher or educator begins by creating teaching modules and lesson boundaries. There are three learning activities carried out, namely: the teacher saying hello and prayer, student attendance and conveying the learning objectives for the preliminary activities, the teacher's core activity begins by explaining Islamic Religious Education material, and the final/closing activity begins with the students together making conclusions and the teacher giving questions and answers to the students one by one individually. random as material for evaluation and assessment of the learning of the meeting and ended with a joint prayer.  

Economic activity is a complex as well as integral phenomenon in the life of modern citizens. This abstract explores various aspects of economic activity, including the process of production, distribution, and consumption of an object or service. Through micro and macroeconomic analysis, this abstract investigates the attitudes of economic actors, market interactions and the consequences of economic policies on the development and welfare of citizens. Not only that, this abstract also examines the position of technology, globalization, and facts.

This study aims to analyze communication patterns in mathematics learning for blind students. This research was conducted by utilizing observation techniques on interactions between blind students and teachers in the context of mathematics learning. Data was collected through direct observation and analyzed qualitatively to identify dominant communication patterns. The research results show that communication patterns in mathematics learning for blind students have their own characteristics, which include the use of various verbal and non-verbal methods. This study provides valuable insights for the development of more inclusive learning strategies for students with visual impairments in the context of mathematics education.

The use of smartphones nowadays is increasingly rapid, even teenagers cannot be separated from using these smartphones, but several conditions cause dependence, especially on the internet network, which ultimately gives rise to incidents of nomophobia or conditions of anxiety, fear and even stress and depression in a person, which is caused by the absence of or being away from the internet network on a cellphone and this is considered a modern phobia resulting from individual interactions with information and communication technology, especially smartphones. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between self-esteem and the incidence of nomophobia in early adolescents at SMP Barunawati 1 Petamburan, West Jakarta. This type of research is non-experimental quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. Sampling used proportional stratified random sampling and purposive sampling techniques to obtain a sample of 76 students with research instruments in the form of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) questionnaires. Data analysis using Pearson Correlation Product Moment. The results of the research showed that the majority of early adolescents had high self-esteem (71.1%), and the majority of early adolescents had moderate nomophobia (65.8%) and there was a relationship between self-esteem and nomophobia in early adolescents at SMP Barunawati 1 Petamburan, West Jakarta and grades. p value 0.000 < 0.05. Based on the results of this research, it is hoped that research sites can provide counseling or health education about the impacts of excessive smartphone use.

Sensory Integration Therapy is an approach that focuses on sensory stimulation to improve sensory processing and adaptive responses in individuals with sensory disorders, one of which is children with autism. Sensory integration therapy makes it easier for autistic children to communicate to be better understood and to create good social interactions. Therefore, the Yasmin Autism Therapy Center carries out Sensory Integration Therapy to improve social interaction in autistic children. This research aims to determine the application of sensory integration therapy at the Yasmin Autism Therapy Center to improve social interaction in autistic children and determine the obstacles in implementing sensory integration therapy. Data collection techniques include documentation, observation and interviews. The results of the research show that the stages of Sensory Integration Therapy at the Yasmin Autism Therapy Center are providing simple instructions, a series of sequential activities and honing concentration, consistency and endurance in activities through play. Supporting factors for sensory therapy activities include good collaboration between therapists and parents. Meanwhile, the obstacles to children's communication are difficult factors, limited therapy tools, and limited therapy time.

This study aims to explore the influence of the social environment on the communication patterns of adolescents in urban areas. A qualitative approach is used to understand how factors such as family, peers, school environment, social media, local culture, socioeconomic status, globalization, and physical environment influence the way adolescents communicate. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, focus group discussions and case studies. The respondents in this study were 100 respondents from teenagers in Bandung city.The results showed that family has a central role in shaping adolescents' communication skills, with supportive parenting increasing openness and communication effectiveness. Peers also have a significant influence, where adolescents adjust their communication style to gain social acceptance. School environments that support open and participatory communication have been shown to improve adolescents' communication skills, while the use of social media and modern technology changes the mode and frequency of communication, although sometimes reducing face-to-face interactions.Local culture and urbanization introduce adolescents to more modern and dynamic communication styles, while socioeconomic status affects access to education and technology, which in turn affects communication skills. Globalization and exposure to foreign cultures broaden adolescents' communication horizons, allowing interaction with various groups. Finally, the urban physical environment, including public facilities and population density, affects adolescents' interaction and communication patterns.  The findings provide implications for policies and interventions aimed at improving adolescents' communication skills through a holistic approach involving family, school, community, and management of social media use.