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This study aims to develop and modify learning media in the form of a motorcycle headlight electrical trainer to improve the effectiveness of learning for students at State Vocational High School (SMK) 4 Lhokseumawe. Conventional learning media are often less able to provide a real picture of the electrical system of motor vehicles, so it is necessary to develop more representative and interactive aids. The method used in this study is the research and development (R&D) method with the Borg and Gall model. The results of the modification include the addition of visual indicators (LED lights), more systematic wiring, and an electric current disturbance simulation panel. The feasibility test was carried out by media experts, material experts, and limited field trials on vocational high school students. The evaluation results showed that the modified trainer was very suitable for use as a learning medium, in terms of clarity of function, ease of use, and visual appeal. The use of this trainer was able to significantly improve students' understanding of the motorcycle headlight electrical system. .  

This research aims to develop a pop-up book-based learning media to introduce local wisdom of Indonesian culture to the younger generation. Local wisdom, as an inheritance of knowledge and values from our ancestors, is a national identity that is increasingly poorly understood by the current generation. Therefore, an interesting, creative, and interactive learning media innovation is needed. Pop-up books were chosen because of their ability to present material visually, lively, and allow students to interact directly with the learning content. This research uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) development model. The process starts from needs analysis, book design development, prototyping, to trials for grade XI students of SMK. The research instruments included validation questionnaires from material experts, media experts, teacher and student responses, and material comprehension tests. The validation results showed scores of 82.8% (material experts), 78.3% (media experts), and 75.5% (potential user responses), which overall fell into the very feasible category. The findings of the study show that pop-up book media is effective in increasing students' understanding of local wisdom in the context of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika. In addition, this research contributes to the preservation of local culture through educational media innovation. This pop-up book media is expected to be an interesting, interactive, and relevant learning solution for students in understanding the diversity of Indonesian culture.

Speaking skills are one of the fundamental aspects of language competence that play a central role in interpersonal communication, learning, and individual self-development in society. In the context of language learning, speaking skills not only reflect a person's linguistic ability, but also demonstrate maturity of thinking, social skills, and the capacity to participate actively in various communicative situations. UNESCO (2023) emphasizes that strengthening oral communication skills among students is very important to prepare them to face the challenges of the increasingly complex and dialogue-based world of work and global society. This teaching material development model is also driven by the use of technology and interactive multimedia, such as animated videos, to web-based e-modules. Recent studies have shown that teaching materials like this have been proven to improve students' maharah kalam (speaking), reading comprehension, and critical thinking skills in understanding Arabic texts more comprehensively

English language skills are an essential competency for health students, especially in accessing scientific literature, understanding medical terminology, and facing the demands of professional globalization. However, the suitability of the English language learning curriculum with the specific needs of health students is still an issue. This study aims to identify the academic and professional English language needs of health students at Hafshawati University. The study used a qualitative approach with an open-ended questionnaire instrument that was analyzed thematically. Participants consisted of five students from various semesters and health study programs. The results showed that the ability to read and understand English-language medical references was the main need, followed by speaking skills in the context of professional communication. Non-formal learning media such as YouTube and TikTok were also actively utilized by students. The implications of this study indicate the importance of curriculum reformulation based on needs analysis and strengthening the English for Specific Purposes (ESP) approach in health education. These findings provide a basis for the development of teaching materials, lecturer training, and more contextual and applicable learning designs.

This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach to reveal how the implementation of classical guidance services plays a role as a preventive and curative effort against online game addiction in students of SMP Negeri 2 Kuala. The problem of online game addiction has become a phenomenon that disrupts the learning process and social-emotional development of students. In this study, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews with BK teachers, homeroom teachers, and several students who were indicated to be addicted, as well as documentation of the guidance program being run. The results of the study showed that classical guidance services were able to provide students with an understanding of the negative impacts of online game addiction and raise awareness to manage playing time healthily. Preventive efforts were made through the delivery of material on time management, the consequences of addictive behavior, and strengthening learning motivation. Meanwhile, the curative approach was applied with further counseling for students who had shown symptoms of severe addiction. BK teachers also involved parents in the student recovery process. In conclusion, classical guidance services have a significant role in overcoming online game addiction if implemented systematically and continuously.

This community service activity was motivated by the need to create Physical Education, Sports, and Health (PJOK) learning that is more engaging, interactive, and suited to the characteristics of elementary school students in the digital era. The service team identified a significant potential to integrate print-based learning media with interactive websites as an innovative solution to address monotonous and less visual learning processes. This activity was carried out at SD Tahfidz Al-Jamiel, involving second-grade students as the primary subjects, while teachers acted as facilitators and observers of the learning process. The service method adopted the ABCD (Asset-Based Community Development) approach by utilizing local assets such as students' enthusiasm as digital natives, adequate school facilities, and the school's openness to educational innovation. The activity was implemented through several stages: initial observation, program planning, implementation of learning using interactive media, and a simple evaluation of the activity’s impact.The results of this activity indicated that integrating printed books and interactive websites could enhance students' interest and participation in PJOK learning. Students appeared more active, enthusiastic, and found it easier to understand locomotor movement material being taught. Teachers also responded positively to the media used. This activity demonstrates that digital-based learning transformation can be conducted in a simple and practical manner within the elementary school context and holds great potential for replication in other schools.

The evaluation of textbooks is a strategic step to ensure the alignment of instructional materials with curricular goals and the needs of learners. In the context of teaching Arabic at the university level, writing skills (mahārah kitābah) are an essential component in shaping productive and communicative language abilities. This study aims to evaluate the representation and development of writing skills in the Arabic Language Book Marhalah Three, published by the Language Center of UIN Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau in 2018. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using a document analysis method. Data were collected through content analysis of the textbook using a foreign language textbook evaluation rubric, which includes aspects such as content, instructional approach, and the suitability of the material to students' competencies. The findings indicate that although the book is organized with a systematic instructional structure and thematically relevant content, the development of writing skills is still primarily based on a structural approach and lacks diverse, communicative exercises. These findings suggest the need for improvement in the textbook by integrating communicative, integrative, and contextual approaches in order to enhance the effectiveness of mahārah kitābah instruction in higher education settings.

In the context of improving the quality of early childhood education, educational management plays a central role. Effective and efficient management is able to manage various existing resources optimally so as to create a conducive and quality learning environment. In addition, management is also responsible for designing learning programs that are in accordance with the needs of child development, supervising, evaluating, and providing training and professional development for educators. Thus, the role of management is not only administrative, but also strategic in improving the quality of early childhood education services. This research is a type of literature study. Library Research refers to a series of broad and systematic activities that are closely related to various sophisticated methodologies used in careful library data collection, comprehensive reading and accurate recording of relevant information, and complex processing of various research materials. Based on the results of the literature, the data collected shows that the role of management in improving the quality of early childhood education (PAUD) is very complex and multidimensional. The studies reviewed underline the importance of comprehensive planning, including the development of relevant curricula, the provision of adequate facilities and infrastructure, and the management of quality human resources. In addition, efficient organization, effective program implementation, and structured supervision have also been shown to contribute significantly to improving the quality of PAUD.

The development of digital technology and artificial intelligence (AI) has brought major changes in the world of accounting, both in terms of work processes and the professional competencies needed. This Community Service activity aims to improve the digital competence of Vocational High School (SMK) students in the field of accounting, especially in understanding and adopting the role of technology and AI wisely. The activity was carried out in the form of an educational seminar at SMK Al Fatah Banjarnegara involving 100 students majoring in Accounting. The material includes the transformation of the accounting profession due to digitalization, the introduction of AI-based accounting software, and the importance of data literacy and critical thinking skills. The results of the activity showed an increase in students' understanding of the role of AI in accounting, as well as the formation of a mindset that AI is a tool, not a substitute for the human profession. This activity has a positive impact on fostering digital awareness, readiness to adapt, and student learning motivation. Potential future development includes practical training and replication of similar activities in other vocational schools. With the right approach, vocational school students can be prepared to become a superior and relevant vocational workforce in the era of digital transformation.

This study aims to produce animated video based learning media using the Canva application for class VII students of mts Miftahul Huda Karangsono Ngunut Tulungagung. Development is an effort carried out systematically to produce products toimprove skills and insights. Animated video learning media functions as a tool in the learning process that is intended to convey messages and can prooke students thoughts feelings and desires to learn. Canva is an alternative graphic desaign media that can be used in creating learning materials to create a more interesting and enjoyable learning process. The research uses research and development methods (Research and Development) with the ADDIE model. The subjects of the study were students of class VII MTs Miftahul Huda Karangsono Ngunut Tulungagung. Data collection techniques are feasibility data which includes validity, practicality, and effectiveness. Data analysis techniques include student needs analysis techniques, media feasibility, validity, practicality and media effectiveness. The results of research and development of animated video based learning media using the canva application showed positive result, the media was declared suitable for use. Based on the validity of media experts (80%) and material ezperts (96,1%), the media was also declared practical by teachers with questionnaire and observation results of (90%) and (87,5%). In terms of effectiveness, the media was able to improve student learning outcomes with classical completeness of 83,3% (small scale) and 85,71% (large scale), and received a positive response from students with a percentage of (92,4%) and (86,38%). Thus, the development of animated video based learning media using the canva application has proven to be feasible for use in the learning process. The validation results from media and material experts show a high level of validity, while the reesults of observations and questionnaires show that this media is practical for teachers to use and interesting for students. In addition, the effectiveness of the media is shown through increased student learning outcomes and high positive responses. Therefore, the development of animated video based learning media using the canva application can be an alternative in delivering material, especially in social studies subjects in class VII MTs.   

This article explores strategic approaches in Islamic Religious Education (IRE) based on the values of the Qur'an and Hadith as a transformative effort to shape students’ character and personality grounded in divine principles. Using the library research method, this study identifies key components in IRE learning, such as the integration of values into learning objectives and materials, the exemplary role of teachers, the development of a spiritually conducive learning environment, and value-oriented evaluation methods. The findings indicate that the effectiveness of IRE learning is highly influenced by the alignment of value content, pedagogical strategies, and educational climate that supports the holistic internalization of Islamic values. By prioritizing humanistic, contextual, and spiritual approaches, Islamic education serves as a vital instrument in forming ideal individuals prepared to face modern challenges with moral integrity and religious commitment.

This research was motivated by the results of observations, interviews, and tests conducted with 1th students at SDN Mojoroto 4. On the observations, it was found the teacher relied solely on the school’s textbook as a learning resource and used a lecture-based teaching method. There was a lack of innovation in instructional delivery, which led to students having limited vocabulary mastery and difficulty in constructing words. Interviews with some students revealed that they quickly became bored with the monotonous learning process. Therefore, a language game-based module was needed to address these issues. The objectives of this study are: (1) To determine the validity of module, (2) To determine the practicality of the module, and (3) To determine the effectiveness of the module. The development model used was ADDIE, which includes the following stages: (1) Analysis, (2) Design, (3) Development, (4) Implementation, and (5) Evaluation. The validity test results showed that the module expert gave a score of 92%, and the material expert gave a score of 80%. Practicality test results from teacher response questionnaires reached 94%, student responses in the limited trial reached 95%, and in the wider trial reached 92%. Effectiveness test results showed a classical percentage of 100% in both limited and wider trials. It can be concluded that the developed language game-based module is valid, practical, and effective.

This study aims to identify various inhibiting factors and the steps that have been taken, as well as to analyze the implementation of P5 dimensions of global diversity in developing character education for love of country for grade IV students at SD Negeri Jirapan 3 Sragen. This study was conducted at SD Negeri Jirapan 3 Sragen using a qualitative descriptive approach. The data used consisted of primary and secondary data, obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation conducted by the researcher together with the principal, teachers, and grade IV students. The subjects in this study included the principal, teachers, and grade IV students, with a sample size of three people. Data collection techniques were carried out through direct observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation as supporting data. To ensure the validity of the data, the researcher implemented strategies such as increasing perseverance in the research process, triangulation of techniques and data sources, and utilization of reference materials. The data analysis process was carried out through several stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions and verification. According to the findings of the analysis that the researcher has conducted, it shows that SD Negeri Jirapan 3 Sragen has implemented P5 dimensions of global diversity in developing character education of love for the homeland of grade IV students well. This is reflected through learning, self-development in students, and habituation activities at school such as religious activities, scouts, extracurricular karawitan, and school activities in commemorating national holidays, as well as projects for making handicrafts and regional specialties that have been running well. The existing inhibiting factors have been successfully overcome through various efforts that have been carried out well.

The low learning outcomes of students in Biology learning at SMA Negeri 1 Tutuyan is the background for the need for learning innovations that are able to increase active participation and conceptual understanding. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Group Investigation learning model in improving student learning outcomes in Cell materials. The research used a pseudo-experiment method with a one group pretest-posttest design. The research sample amounted to 35 students from class XI Science who were selected purposefully. The instruments used were multiple-choice tests, pre-tests and post-tests of 25 questions for each test. The results showed an increase in the average score from 23.14 in the pre-test to 83.14 in the post-test. Inferential data analysis using the t-test showed a t-calculated value of 89.55, far above the t-table at a significance level of 5%. The category of student learning outcomes has also undergone significant changes, from a very low majority to a high and very high majority. The application of the Group Investigation model encourages students to be active in investigation, group discussions, and independent learning, which strengthens their collective and individual mastery of the material. These findings prove that the Group Investigation model is effective in improving learning outcomes, and can be implemented as a learning strategy in the Independent Learning Curriculum. This study contributes to the development of cooperative learning models in the context of Biology learning at the high school level, and can be replicated in other materials and levels to strengthen its effectiveness.

This research was motivated by the importance of implementing the merdeka curriculum, which emphasizes character development through the  Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5), particularly within the theme of local wisdom. Preliminary findings indicated that prior to the implementation of P5, students had limited understanding of social issues such as bullying, discrimination, and diversity. Therefore, appropriate teaching strategies are required to shape students’ character and enhance their social awareness The research questions addressed in this study are: (1) What strategies do teachers use to implement P5 material with the theme of local wisdom in Sociology learning for Grade X students at SMAN 1 Kalidawir? (2) What are the impacts of the applied strategies on the learning process? (3) What challenges do teachers face in implementing these strategies?. This study employs a qualitative descriptive research design. The aim is to explore the strategies used by teachers, their impacts on students, and the challenges encountered during the implementation of P5 materials. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings of the study show that: (1) Teachers implemented project-based, collaborative, and contextual learning strategies that involved the local environment as a learning resource. (2) These strategies had a positive impact on students’ understanding of local cultural values and encouraged attitudes of tolerance and social awareness. (3) Challenges faced by teachers included limited time, varying levels of student motivation, and insufficient supporting facilities. Despite these obstacles, teachers strived to overcome them through collaboration, innovative learning approaches, and student-centered methods.

Mastery of English is one indicator of the readiness of the young generation to face global challenges, there are still many factors as students in mastering the English especially in speaking. Even EFL is taught since in the school to collage, the students still have trouble, the use of appropriate method should be applied to overcome the problem during teaching and learning EFL classroom by the teacher. The use of code-switching is the way to motivate the students in order to be active in speaking class. the aims of this study was to findout the use of Code switching strategy in EFL in speaking ability of students. In this study, there were 40 students of the midwifery study program and 3 English Lectures at STIK Bina Husada Palembang as study sample in the 2024/2025 academic year.  The methodology used was mixed method and in collecting the data The instrument used were questionnaire  that distributed to the midwifery students in second grade and Enlish lecturers in STIK Bina Husada and the speaking test was also given to the students as pre and post test. From the obtained results of the questionnaire showed that the students often used code-switching to explain the information more clearly, it can motivated them to be active event they were still trouble in limited of vocabulary and the English lecturers believed that code-switching in EFL class to help them conveyed the materials clearly to the students. And from the speaking test showed there were positive effect of this strategy to make students more in speaking that it can be seen from the development of students speaking in the class.

The industrial revolution 4.0 requires elementary and secondary education institutions to improve, even evaluate the learning system of each field of study taught. Around 30% of the world's population has used social media in order to connect, seek information and learn. The same is true for the development of social studies education which continues to experience changes in materials or learning activities that are in accordance with the conditions of students and their environment. The focus of the research in this thesis is: (1) How is the formation of social behavioral character of students in social studies learning of class VIII MTs Al Ma'arif Tulungagung in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 in Generation Z?, (2) What are the supporting and inhibiting factors in the formation of social behavioral character of class VIII MTs Al Ma'Arif Tulungagung students in social studies learning in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 in Generation Z, (3) What are the positive and negative impacts of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era on the formation of social behavioral character of class VIII MTs Al Ma'arif Tulungagung students in social studies learning in Generation Z?. This study aims to examine the formation of students' social behavior through social studies learning, as well as the factors that influence and the impact of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era on class VIII students of MTs Al Ma'arif Tulungagung. This research approach uses a qualitative method known as an artistic method because the data produced is in the form of interpretations of data findings in the field. Furthermore, the type of research used is descriptive qualitative research by collecting accurate data by going directly to the field by utilizing the method of answering and describing a phenomenon that is the focus of the research. The results of the study concluded that: (1) Social studies learning at MTs Al Ma'arif Tulungagung forms students' social behavior through the values ​​of empathy, responsibility, and communication, (2) This character formation is supported by technology, the role of the family, and the school environment, but is hampered by the negative influence of social media and the tendency of Generation Z to seek instant solutions. (3) The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has a positive impact on access to information and critical thinking, but also has negative impacts such as gadget dependence and cyberbullying.

Data communication and computer networking training at TCK Learning Centre Hong Kong is organized to address the need for increased technology literacy among Indonesian migrant workers in the face of digital globalization challenges. This activity is designed in a hybrid format (online and offline) with an approach that integrates theory and practical applications. The goal of this event is to enhance participants' understanding of basic networking concepts, technical skills in configuration and troubleshooting, as well as their analytical abilities in addressing data communication challenges. The implementation method includes material presentation, case studies, interactive discussions, and evaluation through questionnaires. The results of the activity show that the participants' understanding level is very good, with the majority stating that the material presented is easy to understand and of high quality. This activity is also in line with the targets of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), namely quality education and decent work. This training not only empowers participants individually but also strengthens the image of TCK Learning Centre as a strategic partner in the development of a skilled ICT-based workforce.

This study aims to identify the strategies implemented by Al-Qur'an Hadith subject teachers in developing teaching materials in the digital era at MTs Yapika Petanahan Kebumen. In addition, this study also examines the factors that support and inhibit the development of digital teaching materials by teachers. The method used in this study is qualitative with interview and observation techniques. The results show that the strategies implemented include the use of modern technology, multimedia integration, creation of digital teaching materials, use of digital learning platforms, and evaluation. Supporting factors in the development of teaching materials include a wide internet network, student habits in using digital tools, and support from school leaders. Conversely, inhibiting factors consist of inadequate facilities, limited access to electricity in some classes, and the majority of students living in Islamic boarding schools.

This study aims to develop interactive learning media based on PowerPoint in Indonesian language learning at MI Salafiyah 1 Kauman. The background of this study is the lack of interactive and interesting learning media in elementary schools, especially in Indonesian language subjects. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the development of the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model. The media developed contains learning materials, animations, practice questions, and automatic feedback to increase student participation and understanding. The results of the validation test by media experts and material experts show that this media is very suitable for use in learning. Limited trials conducted on students showed an increase in interest, active involvement, and student learning outcomes after using the media. In addition, students feel more motivated and find it easier to understand the material because of the attractive and interactive visual display. Thus, this interactive learning media based on PowerPoint can be an alternative to support a more interesting, enjoyable, and effective learning process in the classroom, especially for elementary school level.