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This research aims to improve children's social skills through implementing the Kabadi-kabadi Traditional game in Group B TK Ar-Rahman Tobengeano, North Kolaka Regency. The research uses a classroom action research (PTK) design with two cycles. The research subjects consisted of 16 children in Group B TK Ar-Rahman Tobengeano. Data is collected through observation and documentation of the learning process. The results showed that the implementation of the ball maze game significantly improved children's social abilities. In cycle I, there was an increase from 40% to 72.22%, and in cycle II the success rate was 93.75%. The implication of this research is that the ball maze game can be used as an effective alternative method in developing the social skills of children aged 5-6 years. It is expect that this research can contribute to the development of learning strategies in kindergarten and provide guidance for teachers to design learning activities that support children's social development.

Healthcare professionals often face high levels of stress due to demanding job requirements, which can negatively impact their mental and physical health. Mobile health applications have emerged as potential tools to assist in stress management. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile health applications in reducing stress among healthcare professionals. The study utilizes a literature review method by identifying, selecting, and analyzing 12 relevant research articles. The article search was conducted across several databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Springer, Elsevier, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria encompass articles that discuss the use of mobile health applications for stress management among healthcare professionals, published within the last 10 years. Data were thematically analyzed to identify key findings related to the effectiveness of these applications. The literature review results indicate that mobile health applications are effective in reducing stress levels and improving the psychological well-being of healthcare professionals. Successful implementation requires attention to factors influencing adoption and usage, as well as strategies to overcome existing barriers. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term effects and develop practical recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of these applications.

Al-Qur'an recitation assistance at TPQ Saroja Kutisari Tenggilis Mejoyo, Surabaya, is key in improving the quality of Al-Qur'an recitation among students. This research explores the implementation of Tahsin Tilawah Al-Qur'an activities as a step to perfect the recitation of the Al-Qur'an in the neighborhood. Through a qualitative method with participatory observation, the results show that this activity is effective in improving the recitation of the Qur'an of the students. Factors such as direct guidance from the ustadz, a conducive learning atmosphere, and interaction between fellow students play an important role in the success of this program. This research provides an in-depth understanding of the role of Qur'an recitation mentoring in religious education in Indonesia, as well as making important contributions to the development of similar programs in the future.

Problems that occur in children with mental retardation are weakness or inability in children accompanied by limited ability to fulfill independence. Support and acceptance from each family member will provide energy and confidence in mentally retarded children to make more efforts to improve every ability they have. Based on data obtained from the Social Service of West Sumatra Province (2020) there were 10,390 people with mental retardation. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors related to the independence of mentally retarded children at SLBN 1 Padang in 2024. The type of research is descriptive analytical with a cross sectional study design carried out at SLBN 1 Padang from Januari to April 2024. The population in this study were parents who cared for mentally retarded children at SLB N 1 Padang totaling 70 parents. The data is processed by editing, entry, coding and cleaning steps. Univariate analysis with frequency distribution and bivariate analysis with Chi Square statistical test with 95% confidence level. The results showed that 52.5% of children with mental retardation with less independence, 37.5% with poor knowledge, 56.3% with poor attitudes, 55.0% with poor family support. There is a significant relationship between attitude and children's independence (p-value = 0.000), between family support and children's independence (p-value = 0.048), and there is no relationship between parental knowledge and children's independence. (p-value = 0.083 ). Someone with a high attitude, knowledge, and family support will be more successful in dealing with and overcoming the problem compared to someone who receives a low attitude, knowledge, and family support. It is hoped that teachers and families will be able to provide examples of independent behavior that can be applied by students, both at home and at school.

Currently, education is a serious problem, where many factors influence the development of education. One of them is in the current era of digitalization of education, where some teachers still experience limitations in the use of technology, requiring them to rely on conventional pedagogical and professional skills. This study aims to analyze the professional competence of mathematics teachers in implementing meaningful learning without the support of digital technology in junior high schools. This study uses a qualitative method with a qualitative descriptive research type. Data collection techniques include interviews and observations. The results of the study show that teachers who have strong professional competence, especially in mastering the material, contextual learning strategies, and building good interactions with students, are able to create meaningful learning even without using technology. Real project-based learning, the use of simple teaching aids, and interactive communication are the keys to the success of a teacher. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening teacher core competencies in presenting relevant mathematics learning that is free from technological limitations.

 This study aims to identify and analyze the forms of homographs found in the Makassar language as used by the community in Pattene Village. This study also aims to describe how the multiple meanings of the homographs are represented in the context of everyday communication, and how the understanding of the meaning is influenced by the situation, intonation, and social relations between speakers. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. This approach was chosen to study and describe in depth the linguistic phenomenon of multiple meanings (homographs) in the Makassar language based on data obtained from native speakers in Pattene Village. The focus of the study is directed at the use of homographs in oral communication among the community, as well as the context that influences changes in their meaning. The main data sources in this study are community speech recorded through interviews, participatory observations, and documentation of everyday conversations. The results of the study show that the community in Pattene Village uses a number of homograph words in the Makassar language that have multiple meanings depending on the context of the speech. A total of 12 main homographs were successfully identified through interviews and field observations. These homographs have the same phonological structure but show different meanings based on situational context, tone of voice, and position in a sentence. For example, the word "balla" can mean house in a general context, but is also used to express the meaning of an extended family or origin in a traditional context. This shows that the understanding of the meaning of homographs is highly dependent on the cultural knowledge and social experience of the speaker.

Quality education is the key to advancing a nation, but there are still several challenges that must be faced to achieve it. This article aims to examine how technology can be applied to overcome educational problems both locally and internationally. Through the literature review method, this research evaluates literature reviews related to technology that has been successfully applied to solve educational problems. The future of Indonesian education is believed to be colored by the increasingly massive use of technology. Technology allows students and teachers to easily access information and learning resources from around the world.   This broadens horizons and enriches the learning process as well as presenting new opportunities and challenges in the teaching and learning process. Challenges faced in implementing educational technology include gaps in internet access, lack of digital literacy and cultural barriers.

This study examines the effects of family structure on adolescent academic achievement, focusing on nuclear, single-parent, and extended family settings. Drawing on data from diverse cultural backgrounds, the research investigates how parental involvement, socioeconomic status, and family support impact academic outcomes. The findings reveal that family support plays a pivotal role in academic success across all family structures, with adolescents in stable and supportive environments achieving better academic results.

The availability of teaching materials can be one of the supporting factors for the success of the learning process. With teaching materials, students can study competencies in a sequential and systematic manner, allowing them to master all competencies thoroughly. One of the teaching materials used by students in the learning process is the module. Based on this, the development of learning modules is considered important for the success of the learning process. Therefore, this research aims to develop and expand the body of knowledge regarding learning module materials, enabling readers to gain a deeper understanding of learning modules. In this article, the author focuses on development objectives using a library research method, meaning the author seeks to deepen and broaden existing knowledge. A learning module is a specially designed teaching material that is systematic and includes instructions containing learning experiences by organizing subject matter, making it possible to be studied independently or with guidance, thus facilitating learners in their studies. Learning modules have several characteristics that are advantageous, including being self-instructional, self-contained, stand-alone, adaptive, and user-friendly. The development of teaching module materials analyzed by the researcher is essential to pursue, both in theoretical and practical studies, as the learning process is dynamic and must keep pace with the times.s.  

Employee productivity is a crucial factor in a company's success. This study aims to analyze the influence of work motivation and quality of work life on employee productivity at PT. Mas Arya Indonesia. A quantitative approach was employed, with a population consisting of all 4,000 employees. The sample was selected using the simple random sampling method, resulting in 98 respondents who met the criteria. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires and secondary data from the company, while data analysis utilized multiple linear regression with SPSS 22 software. The results indicate that work motivation has a positive impact on employee productivity, as evidenced by a t-count value of 3.698, which is greater than the t-table value of 1.6747 at a 0.05 significance level. Quality of work life also positively affects productivity, with a t-count value of 5.225 exceeding the t-table value. Simultaneously, work motivation and quality of work life significantly influence employee productivity, as shown by an F-count value of 65.710, higher than the F-table value of 2.79. The R-Square value of 0.572 suggests that 57.2% of productivity variations are influenced by these two variables. These findings emphasize the importance of enhancing motivation and creating a high-quality work environment to boost employee productivity.

In the dynamic era of globalization, Human Resource Management (HRM) has become key to success for companies in the global market. Global HRM involves an approach that considers global factors such as culture, labor regulations, and market demands. Challenges include adapting to cultural diversity, varying labor regulations, and managing dispersed teams. However, global HRM also presents opportunities, including broader access to global talent. Through detailed analysis, this journal aims to provide valuable insights for HRM practitioners and company leaders in managing human resources in the globalization era. The research method used is qualitative and descriptive, with literature studies as the data source. The research results highlight the importance of global human resource management in achieving organizational goals in diverse global markets. Proposed solutions include flexibility, effective resource management, cultural awareness enhancement, and employee engagement. With the implementation of effective HRM policies, organizations can enhance their performance and achieve their business goals in the global business era  

The rapid transformation of higher education driven by the advancement of digital technologies and the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of online learning platforms across universities worldwide. This study investigates the relationship between the use of online learning platforms, academic performance, and student engagement among university students. Using a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from students actively participating in online learning environments to analyze how frequency of platform use influences academic outcomes and engagement levels. The results reveal a positive correlation between online learning engagement and academic performance, indicating that students who consistently participate in live sessions, complete assignments, and interact with peers and instructors achieve better academic results. Cognitive and behavioral engagement were found to be the most influential factors contributing to improved learning outcomes, while emotional engagement played a supportive role in maintaining motivation and persistence. Despite these benefits, several challenges were identified, including social isolation, limited face-to-face interaction, and technological barriers that hinder full participation. Comparisons with traditional learning environments highlight that online platforms provide greater flexibility and personalized learning opportunities but lack the immediacy of in-person interaction. Furthermore, differences between local and international contexts underscore the role of infrastructure and institutional readiness in ensuring equitable online learning experiences. The study concludes that effective integration of technology, instructor presence, and collaborative tools can enhance engagement and academic success in digital learning environments. Future research should explore long-term impacts, including the role of gamification and artificial intelligence in sustaining motivation and improving educational outcomes.

  The effectiveness and  efficiency of the production administration at  MSMEs MAMIN Pakis process needs to be supported by competent human resources.  The reason for the dedication is because the production administration system is not yet perfect. The aim is to provide practical knowledge of strategy and application of performance evaluation in a continuous improvement manner. Targets of a continuous structured work evaluation system and employee motivation in improving performance. The training process carried out, namely manual data collection, structured recording of integrated production application program input for each department, provides important insight and becomes the basis for progress so that the discipline of manual data input and programs becomes an error controller.  Activities processed from analysis of errors in inputting service release materials increase success and insight into production administration performance in a sustaainable manner.

Bullying has long been a phenomenon haunting educational environments worldwide, with its impacts not only affecting the victims individually but also influencing the overall image of the school. Bullying can lead to a decline in academic achievement, loss of students' self-confidence, and even mental health disorders among victims. Additionally, bullies themselves may experience negative consequences, such as difficulty in forming healthy social relationships with others in the future. In recent years, awareness of the importance of addressing bullying has significantly increased. Schools, parents, and communities are becoming more aware of the actions needed to prevent and address bullying cases in schools. One approach that has been implemented is through the introduction of programs like the Roots Program. The Roots program is designed to promote values such as respect for others, openness, freedom of expression, trust, and safety within the school environment. By involving the entire school community, including students, teachers, staff, and parents, this program aims to create a positive school climate where bullying can be effectively addressed.This research aims to implement the Roots program with the involvement of change agents, with the hope of providing deeper insights into the effectiveness of this program in combating bullying in schools. A qualitative approach focusing on phenomenology is employed in this study. The research location is SMA Negeri 1 Panyabungan, North Sumatra. Data are obtained from primary sources consisting of research subjects, including the school principal, teachers, and members of the Change Agents. Subject selection for the research uses purposive sampling technique. The Bullying Prevention Program, based on Ministry of Education and Culture Regulation No. 82 of 2015, aims to create a safe and comfortable school climate for students. Change Agents at SMA Negeri 1 Panyabungan play a crucial role in implementing this program by positively impacting students and the school as a whole. The success of this program is measured through the ability of change agents to prevent and address bullying incidents in school, as well as through the celebration of the Roots Day Declaration involving the entire school community. It is hoped that this program will help reduce bullying cases and create a more friendly and enjoyable school environment for all involved parties.

Motivation is one of the factors that influences student success in the learning process. Students will get the desired results in learning if within them there is a desire to learn. Motivation can function as a driving force for achieving good results. Students will carry out an activity because there is motivation within them. Having high motivation in learning will achieve optimal results. To achieve optimal results, teachers must give maximum effort and attention to students, especially for students whose achievements are lagging behind other students, so that these students are more motivated in participating in teaching and learning process activities so that what they want can be achieved optimally so that achieve the desired goals, both in the field of education and other goals. By having high motivation, students can develop activities and initiative, can direct and maintain persistence in carrying out learning activities to achieve the desired educational goals.  

This article takes an in-depth look at Ms. Retno Marsudi's successful career in diplomacy, as well as the factors that played a role in this achievement, while providing concrete examples of the practice of diplomacy. Using a descriptive research methodology, it explores theories of global diplomacy and the practice of Indonesian diplomacy. The research findings confirm the central role played by Ms. Retno Marsudi in building Indonesia's diplomatic relations with other countries. She is known for her strong leadership, communication skills, and wisdom in handling sensitive issues. In addition, this article also illustrates how Indonesia's free and active foreign policy is realized through effective diplomatic efforts, especially in achieving peace between Palestine and Israel. In the global context, Ms. Retno Marsudi's diplomatic work reflects Indonesia's commitment to play an active role in fighting for international peace and justice. In conclusion, Ms. Retno Marsudi's career journey not only provides inspiration, but also provides valuable lessons in the practice of diplomacy that has a positive impact globally.

Hookworm infection remains a significant health concern, particularly in rural areas like Bone Village, Nekamese District. This community service project aimed to conduct health education and stool examinations to prevent and control tropical diseases. Stool examinations were performed on 60 samples from the Bone Village community, revealing that 2 samples tested positive for hookworm eggs, indicating the presence of hookworm infection, although the prevalence was relatively low. Following this, an interactive health education session was conducted on March 24, 2024, at the village church, involving the local community. The educational materials covered the prevention and treatment of hookworm infection, the importance of personal and environmental hygiene, and how to detect early symptoms of tropical diseases. This activity successfully raised community awareness about the importance of preventing tropical diseases and was published in the online media Kupang, reaching a broader audience. The results of the community service project demonstrated that a participatory and educational approach is effective in reducing the risk of hookworm infection and improving overall community health

This study explores the influence of teachers' pedagogical beliefs on the integration of technology in language education. Teachers' beliefs significantly impact their technology adoption and how it is utilized in the classroom, shaping the learning experiences of students. The research uses a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with classroom observations to examine the relationship between teachers’ beliefs and their use of technology in language education settings. The findings reveal that teachers with constructivist beliefs, which emphasize active, student-centered learning, are more likely to integrate technology in ways that support engagement, collaboration, and critical thinking. In contrast, teachers with traditional, teacher-centered beliefs are more likely to use technology primarily for content delivery and repetition, limiting its potential to foster interactive and student-driven learning environments. The study also highlights the gap between teachers' positive beliefs about technology and their actual practices, which are often hindered by external barriers such as lack of training, resources, and institutional support. The research suggests that professional development programs should address both pedagogical beliefs and technological competencies to facilitate successful technology integration. Furthermore, the study calls for future research to explore how specific pedagogical models, like constructivism, can be further aligned with technology integration to improve learning outcomes. The research also emphasizes the need for longitudinal studies to understand the evolution of teachers' beliefs and their impact on technology use in language education.

Behind the widespread proliferation of malware, IT experts have developed robust security systems to minimize the risk of malware infection. In the Windows security system, numerous software solutions have been created to prevent malware threats, including Windows Defender, which serves as the core of Windows security, virus & threat protection, real-time protection, firewall & network protection, account protection, and many more. This study uses a qualitative approach based on literature review. The results indicate that by integrating machine learning technology, enhancing security features, and adopting a layered approach, the strategy for developing the Windows operating system has successfully strengthened protection against malware threats. These measures not only improve the ability to detect and respond to threats but also ensure that users can enjoy a safe and protected computing experience.  

This research is motivated by several problems that: There are several things that have been identified in relation to the implementation of the national health insurance policy on public health services, such as: In supporting the success of health services and reducing health costs for the community, the government in collaboration with PT. Health Insurance holds a Community Health Insurance (Jamkesmas) program. Social Health Insurance services include first-level outpatient care, advanced outpatient care, inpatient care, drug services, childbirth, advanced diagnostic support services, medical equipment and supplement services, operative and non-operative medical procedures, medical rehabilitation services, intensive care Intensive Care Unit (ICU), hemodialysis (dialysis), and emergency services. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method. The results of the study show that: Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that in the service process, both the Jamkesmas pattern and the JKN pattern, are carried out in accordance with the service procedures, namely: self-esteem, meeting expectations (exceed expectations), improvement and rediscovery, forward-looking (vision), continuous improvement (improving), full attention (care, empathy), finally always holding empowerment (empowerment). The obstacles faced by employees in implementing the Jamkesmas and JKN patterns in public health services in Pangandaran Regency are: (1) access to health center services is still limited to certain diseases; (2) the availability of expert personnel is still minimal, (3) the availability of nurses is still limited; (4) the availability of other professional personnel such as pharmacists is still lacking; (5) inpatient facilities are still lacking and so on, which results in less than optimal service. Efforts made by employees in overcoming obstacles when implementing the Jamkesmas and JKN patterns in public health services in Pangandaran Regency are (1) improving access to health center services; (2) adding expert personnel, (3) adding nurses; (4) adding professional personnel; (5) improving inpatient facilities.