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This study analyzes the urgency of synergy between the conceptual foundations of student management and strategic planning in the educational environment as an effort to optimize the potential of students. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach through literature study, with secondary data obtained from journal articles, books, and related literature. This study reveals that the success of student management does not only depend on mastery of the theory of educational service principles, but is also largely determined by the accuracy of planning steps, including needs analysis, recruitment, orientation, and student distribution systems. The results of the study show that the alignment between philosophical foundations and systematic managerial procedures is a crucial factor in creating a positive learning ecosystem and supporting the effective achievement of national educational goals. Through this integration, the policies implemented by educational institutions will be more representative in ensuring the comprehensive development of students' interests and talents.

In the current digital era, social media has become an open space filled with streams of information, including invalid ones. Santri, as the future generation of the ummah, are required to have critical thinking skills to filter, analyze, and make wise decisions. Islamic boarding schools as traditional Islamic educational institutions are faced with the challenge to remain relevant amidst technological developments. This study aims to: 1) Find out the strategies of Pondok Pesantren Daruttaqwa III Gresik in improving students’ critical thinking skills toward social media developments, 2) Identify supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of the strategy, 3) Understand the role of Pondok Pesantren Daruttaqwa III in integrating traditional values with modern approaches to sharpen students’ critical thinking skills. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that the strategies include: 1) Integration of digital literacy and critical thinking in the formal education curriculum, 2) Character building and supervision in the dormitory environment as a key strategy, 3) Strengthening through extracurricular activities, awareness campaigns, and limited training. Supporting factors include strong leadership, dedication from teachers and administrators, presence of traditional Islamic values as ethical foundations, and increased student awareness. Obstacles include time limitations, lack of structured materials, varying digital literacy levels, and the rapid evolution of social media. The pesantren has successfully integrated Islamic values such as tabayyun, adab, amanah, and husnudzon with modern approaches.

In the current digital era, social media has become an open space filled with streams of information, including invalid ones. Santri, as the future generation of the ummah, are required to have critical thinking skills to filter, analyze, and make wise decisions. Islamic boarding schools as traditional Islamic educational institutions are faced with the challenge to remain relevant amidst technological developments. This study aims to: 1) Find out the strategies of Pondok Pesantren Daruttaqwa III Gresik in improving students’ critical thinking skills toward social media developments, 2) Identify supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of the strategy, 3) Understand the role of Pondok Pesantren Daruttaqwa III in integrating traditional values with modern approaches to sharpen students’ critical thinking skills. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that the strategies include: 1) Integration of digital literacy and critical thinking in the formal education curriculum, 2) Character building and supervision in the dormitory environment as a key strategy, 3) Strengthening through extracurricular activities, awareness campaigns, and limited training. Supporting factors include strong leadership, dedication from teachers and administrators, presence of traditional Islamic values as ethical foundations, and increased student awareness. Obstacles include time limitations, lack of structured materials, varying digital literacy levels, and the rapid evolution of social media. The pesantren has successfully integrated Islamic values such as tabayyun, adab, amanah, and husnudzon with modern approaches.

This study is motivated by the low learning outcomes in Mahfudzat among Grade 2C students at Pondok Pesantren Al-Madani Cikalong, as indicated by an average score of 54.2, which is below the minimum passing standard of 60, as well as low student attention during learning. This study aims to determine the improvement in students’ learning activity and achievement through the implementation of the Team Quiz strategy. The method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) based on the Kemmis and Taggart model, conducted in three cycles using data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, tests, and documentation. The results show that the Team Quiz strategy is effective in improving both student activity and learning outcomes. Learning activity increased from 84% in Cycle I to 96% in Cycle III, while learning achievement improved from 77% (average score 70) to 100% (average score 86). Therefore, the Team Quiz strategy is proven to enhance the quality of Mahfudzat learning. It is recommended that teachers consistently apply this strategy and that schools provide adequate support to optimize the learning process.

Learning media is a tool used to convey messages so that it can stimulate students' thoughts, feelings, attention, and willingness in the learning process. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using KoKaMi media, a three-dimensional media combined with language games, in improving Arabic vocabulary mastery of eighth-grade female students of SMPIT An Nur Sragen. This study uses a quantitative approach with an experimental method and a pre-experimental design of one group pretest–posttest type. The study population consisted of 22 female students and all were sampled through a total sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through tests, interviews, observations, and documentation, while data analysis used descriptive statistics, prerequisite tests, and hypothesis testing with the help of SPSS. The results of the analysis showed that the data were not normally distributed so the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used. The test results showed a significance value of 0.000 smaller than 0.05, which means H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. These findings prove that KoKaMi media is effective in improving Arabic vocabulary mastery. Therefore, KoKaMi media can be used as an alternative innovative learning media that helps students understand vocabulary more actively, enjoyably, and meaningfully. The implications of this research indicate that the use of game-based media can increase learning motivation, class participation, and learning interactions, so teachers are advised to utilize similar creative media as an effective and student-centered language learning strategy in learning practices at school consistently and sustainably.

Puja Semadi and Shalat Istikharah are common religious practices. Puja Semadi is performed by Buddhists, while Shalat Istikharah is performed by Muslims. Both are done to ask for guidance from God. However, a few people do not understand correctly how to do it and as a result some people experience confusion and still doubt in obtaining the desired guidance. This research aims to find out how Puja Semadi in the lokapala fiber, and how the meaning of shalat istikharah as a request for guidance. This research uses qualitative methods and in-depth interviews with religious experts who understand shalat istikharah. Data were collected through text analysis and interviews, and analyzed using qualitative analysis with its procedures. The data on Puja Semadi was taken from the transliteration of ancient manuscripts. Initially, the Javanese script was transliterated into Latin and then translated into Indonesian. Based on the results of the research, Puja Semadi in the lokapala fiber is done through meditation in a place called pemujaan. While shakat istikharah is done anytime and anywhere as long as the place is clean and pure. The results of this study can help readers to understand how the explanation of Puja Semadi and Shalat Istikharah.

This study is motivated by the importance of the relationship between reading and speaking skills in Arabic language learning. Reading, as a receptive skill, plays a significant role in enriching vocabulary, understanding language structures, and constructing meaning, which in turn affects speaking ability as a productive skill. At Baitul Hidayah Islamic Boarding School in Bandung, variations were observed in students’ abilities in reading Arabic texts and speaking Arabic, raising questions about the existence of a relationship between these two skills. This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of Arabic reading skills on Arabic speaking skills among fifth-grade students (Class V-A) in the 2024/2025 academic year. This research employs a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The subjects of the study consisted of all 28 students in Class V-A, selected using a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected through reading skill tests and speaking skill tests, and subsequently analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Spearman rank correlation test. The results indicate a significant relationship with a strong level of correlation between Arabic reading skills and Arabic speaking skills. This is evidenced by the correlation coefficient (r-value) of 0.824, which is higher than the r-table value at a 5% significance level (0.374). It is recommended that the development of reading skills be more systematically integrated with speaking practice. Further research is suggested to involve a larger sample size and more diverse variables to strengthen the findings.

This study is motivated by the importance of the relationship between reading and speaking skills in Arabic language learning. Reading, as a receptive skill, plays a significant role in enriching vocabulary, understanding language structures, and constructing meaning, which in turn affects speaking ability as a productive skill. At Baitul Hidayah Islamic Boarding School in Bandung, variations were observed in students’ abilities in reading Arabic texts and speaking Arabic, raising questions about the existence of a relationship between these two skills. This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of Arabic reading skills on Arabic speaking skills among fifth-grade students (Class V-A) in the 2024/2025 academic year. This research employs a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The subjects of the study consisted of all 28 students in Class V-A, selected using a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected through reading skill tests and speaking skill tests, and subsequently analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Spearman rank correlation test. The results indicate a significant relationship with a strong level of correlation between Arabic reading skills and Arabic speaking skills. This is evidenced by the correlation coefficient (r-value) of 0.824, which is higher than the r-table value at a 5% significance level (0.374). It is recommended that the development of reading skills be more systematically integrated with speaking practice. Further research is suggested to involve a larger sample size and more diverse variables to strengthen the findings.

This study is motivated by the low learning outcomes in Mahfudzat among Grade 2C students at Pondok Pesantren Al-Madani Cikalong, as indicated by an average score of 54.2, which is below the minimum passing standard of 60, as well as low student attention during learning. This study aims to determine the improvement in students’ learning activity and achievement through the implementation of the Team Quiz strategy. The method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) based on the Kemmis and Taggart model, conducted in three cycles using data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, tests, and documentation. The results show that the Team Quiz strategy is effective in improving both student activity and learning outcomes. Learning activity increased from 84% in Cycle I to 96% in Cycle III, while learning achievement improved from 77% (average score 70) to 100% (average score 86). Therefore, the Team Quiz strategy is proven to enhance the quality of Mahfudzat learning. It is recommended that teachers consistently apply this strategy and that schools provide adequate support to optimize the learning process.

Learning media is a tool used to convey messages so that it can stimulate students' thoughts, feelings, attention, and willingness in the learning process. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using KoKaMi media, a three-dimensional media combined with language games, in improving Arabic vocabulary mastery of eighth-grade female students of SMPIT An Nur Sragen. This study uses a quantitative approach with an experimental method and a pre-experimental design of one group pretest–posttest type. The study population consisted of 22 female students and all were sampled through a total sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through tests, interviews, observations, and documentation, while data analysis used descriptive statistics, prerequisite tests, and hypothesis testing with the help of SPSS. The results of the analysis showed that the data were not normally distributed so the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used. The test results showed a significance value of 0.000 smaller than 0.05, which means H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. These findings prove that KoKaMi media is effective in improving Arabic vocabulary mastery. Therefore, KoKaMi media can be used as an alternative innovative learning media that helps students understand vocabulary more actively, enjoyably, and meaningfully. The implications of this research indicate that the use of game-based media can increase learning motivation, class participation, and learning interactions, so teachers are advised to utilize similar creative media as an effective and student-centered language learning strategy in learning practices at school consistently and sustainably.

Puja Semadi and Shalat Istikharah are common religious practices. Puja Semadi is performed by Buddhists, while Shalat Istikharah is performed by Muslims. Both are done to ask for guidance from God. However, a few people do not understand correctly how to do it and as a result some people experience confusion and still doubt in obtaining the desired guidance. This research aims to find out how Puja Semadi in the lokapala fiber, and how the meaning of shalat istikharah as a request for guidance. This research uses qualitative methods and in-depth interviews with religious experts who understand shalat istikharah. Data were collected through text analysis and interviews, and analyzed using qualitative analysis with its procedures. The data on Puja Semadi was taken from the transliteration of ancient manuscripts. Initially, the Javanese script was transliterated into Latin and then translated into Indonesian. Based on the results of the research, Puja Semadi in the lokapala fiber is done through meditation in a place called pemujaan. While shakat istikharah is done anytime and anywhere as long as the place is clean and pure. The results of this study can help readers to understand how the explanation of Puja Semadi and Shalat Istikharah.

This study explored how a teacher’s writing habit functions as emotional expression within a demanding teaching routine. Specifically, it examined four aspects like writing as emotional release, writing as reflective practice, writing within a demanding teaching routine, and writing as an emotional coping strategy. A qualitative single-case study design was employed. The participant was one female teacher at SD Negeri 060 Pekkabata, Polewali Mandar, Sulawesi Barat, who had a very hectic schedule including full-time teaching, administrative duties, and private tutoring. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted via Zoom and WhatsApp chat, as well as document analysis of the teacher’s syllabus, lesson plans, blog, Instagram posts, journal book, and mobile phone notes. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that writing served as a powerful emotional release, helping the teacher process anxiety and accept difficult situations. Reflective writing occurred primarily during professional training periods and motivated her to improve classroom practice. Despite her demanding routine, the teacher maintained a writing habit by using multiple platforms, writing during natural breaks, and prioritizing short, happiness-focused notes. She considered writing equally effective as talking to others for emotional expression and strongly recommended writing to fellow teachers. The study concludes that a flexible writing habit focused on emotional release and small positive moments can be a sustainable, low-cost coping strategy for teachers facing overwhelming professional demands. These findings have implications for teacher well-being program and teacher education.

This study aims to (1) identify the effect of using the Direct Instruction learning model on the discipline character values of students in the special sports class at SMA Muhammadiyah Wonosobo, (2) identify the effect of using the Inquiry Learning model on the discipline character values of students in the special sports class at SMA Muhammadiyah Wonosobo,  (3) identify the effect of using the Project-Based Learning model on the discipline character values of students in the special sports class at SMA Muhammadiyah Wonosobo, and (4) determine the most effective learning model among Direct Instruction, Inquiry Learning, and Project-Based Learning in improving the discipline character values of students in the special sports class at SMA Muhammadiyah Wonosobo. This research is an experimental study using a quantitative method with a pre-experimental design, namely the one-group pretest–posttest design. In this design, a single group is given a pretest (O), followed by a treatment (X), and then a posttest. The effect of the treatment can be identified more accurately by comparing the pretest and posttest scores. The stages of the One-Group Pretest–Posttest Design include determining the sample, conducting a pretest to measure students’ initial conditions, administering the treatment, and finally conducting a posttest to identify the results of the treatment. The results of the analysis indicate that all three learning models have a positive effect on improving students’ discipline. The improvement is reflected in the overall mean score, which increased from 114.03 (pretest) to 117.99 (posttest). The improvement scores for each learning model are as follows: Direct Instruction showed a 4% increase by improving compliance through structured learning; Inquiry Learning encouraged independence and self-control through discovery processes with a 3% increase; while Project-Based Learning resulted in a 4% increase in discipline. Thus, it can be concluded that all learning models contribute to the development of discipline character values. These findings provide practical implications for physical education teachers in selecting character-based learning models that are more appropriate.

This study analyzes the function of deixis in building emotional relationships between characters in the short film "Seutas Kenangan" using a sociopragmatic approach. Besides being a medium for communication, language also functions as a medium for expressing distance, closeness, and social relationships that impact the emotional relationships that occur. Therefore, this study aims to examine how various types of deixis play a role in building emotional relationships between characters. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with data in the form of dialogues obtained through listening and note-taking techniques. This analysis was conducted by identifying the types of deixis, analyzing sociopragmatic aspects, and then interpreting the emotional relationships created. Based on the results of the study, there are deixis of person, time, place, social, and discourse that are related in representing emotional relationships. The emotional relationships found in this analysis include affection, longing, inner conflict, avoidance, and emotional stress due to prevailing social norms. The relationship between the function of deixis and the sociopragmatic approach shows that the function of deixis is not merely a referent indicator, but can also be a strategy for representing emotional relationships influenced by social and cultural conditions.

Environmental damage caused by human activities has become an increasingly pressing global issue. Poetry as a literary work has the power to represent ecological problems symbolically and critically. This study aims to describe the representation of the impact of the environmental crisis in Taufiq Ismail's poems, namely "Menengajah Ke Atas, Merenungi Ozone yang Tak terlihat" and "Membaca Tanda-Tanda." The analysis is based on Greg Garrard's ecocritical study. This study uses a qualitative method with content analysis techniques. There are two stages of analysis, namely the literal and symbolic meaning of the poems, then an ecocritical interpretation is carried out based on Garrard's categories which include pollution, wilderness, apocalypse, dwelling, animals, and earth. The results of the study indicate that both poems represent the impact of the environmental crisis through health problems due to pollution and radiation, damage to water and forest ecosystems, climate change, threats to human living space, and the decline in biodiversity. The research findings also show that the most dominant categories are pollution and apocalypse, which confirms that the environmental crisis in Taufiq Ismail's poems is the result of human behavior that ignores nature. Thus, Taufiq Ismail's poems not only function as aesthetic works, but also as cultural criticism and moral warnings for humanity.

Environmental damage caused by human activities has become an increasingly pressing global issue. Poetry as a literary work has the power to represent ecological problems symbolically and critically. This study aims to describe the representation of the impact of the environmental crisis in Taufiq Ismail's poems, namely "Menengajah Ke Atas, Merenungi Ozone yang Tak terlihat" and "Membaca Tanda-Tanda." The analysis is based on Greg Garrard's ecocritical study. This study uses a qualitative method with content analysis techniques. There are two stages of analysis, namely the literal and symbolic meaning of the poems, then an ecocritical interpretation is carried out based on Garrard's categories which include pollution, wilderness, apocalypse, dwelling, animals, and earth. The results of the study indicate that both poems represent the impact of the environmental crisis through health problems due to pollution and radiation, damage to water and forest ecosystems, climate change, threats to human living space, and the decline in biodiversity. The research findings also show that the most dominant categories are pollution and apocalypse, which confirms that the environmental crisis in Taufiq Ismail's poems is the result of human behavior that ignores nature. Thus, Taufiq Ismail's poems not only function as aesthetic works, but also as cultural criticism and moral warnings for humanity.

This study analyzes the function of deixis in building emotional relationships between characters in the short film "Seutas Kenangan" using a sociopragmatic approach. Besides being a medium for communication, language also functions as a medium for expressing distance, closeness, and social relationships that impact the emotional relationships that occur. Therefore, this study aims to examine how various types of deixis play a role in building emotional relationships between characters. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with data in the form of dialogues obtained through listening and note-taking techniques. This analysis was conducted by identifying the types of deixis, analyzing sociopragmatic aspects, and then interpreting the emotional relationships created. Based on the results of the study, there are deixis of person, time, place, social, and discourse that are related in representing emotional relationships. The emotional relationships found in this analysis include affection, longing, inner conflict, avoidance, and emotional stress due to prevailing social norms. The relationship between the function of deixis and the sociopragmatic approach shows that the function of deixis is not merely a referent indicator, but can also be a strategy for representing emotional relationships influenced by social and cultural conditions.

Psychological conflicts often arise intensely, as illustrated in Usmar Ismail’s play Ayahku Pulang. The character Gunarto experiences inner turmoil and trauma from family disputes, which trigger various defense mechanisms. This study aims to describe the forms of defense mechanisms exhibited by Gunarto and identify the factors behind their emergence.  Using a literacy  psychology approach, specifically Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, the research elaborates on the character’s psychological dynamics. The qualitative method employed the read-and-record technique, with data analyzed through the Miles and Huberman model involving reduction, classification, and inference. Findings reveal eight defense mechanisms used by Gunarto: denial, repression, avoidance, compartmentalization, rationalization, displacement, sublimation, and identification with the aggressor. Their emergence is influenced by psychological factors such as past trauma, economic hardship, and disharmonious family relationships. In conclusion, Gunarto’s defense mechanisms reflect symptoms of individuals facing trauma and family disharmony. This study demonstrates how a literary-psychological approach enriches understanding of literature as a reflection of the human psyche and reveals more about a character’s inner world.

This study investigates the role of Google Translate in supporting English vocabulary learning among junior high school students in the digital era. The research employs a qualitative approach involving seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 19 Medan. Data were collected through pre-test and post-test, classroom observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that Google Translate significantly helps students understand vocabulary more quickly, improves their learning efficiency, and increases their confidence in completing English tasks. Students also demonstrate greater autonomy in exploring new vocabulary independently. However, the study also identifies challenges, particularly students’ tendency to rely excessively on direct translation without fully understanding context, which may lead to superficial learning. Therefore, teacher guidance is essential to ensure the effective and critical use of this tool. The study concludes that Google Translate can serve as a valuable learning resource when integrated appropriately into classroom instruction. The findings contribute to the development of technology-enhanced language learning and provide practical implications for teachers in utilizing digital tools effectively.

This study examines the practice and meaning of hijab among Muslim female students in the Indonesian Language and Literature Department to determine whether the hijab is understood more as a religious obligation or as a form of identity choice. The purpose of this study is to describe the motivations, patterns of practice, social influences, and experiences of female students related to wearing the hijab in their daily lives, both on and off campus. The study employed a quantitative-descriptive design complemented by qualitative components. A structured questionnaire consisting of Likert-scale statements and open-ended questions was distributed to 70 Muslim female students, while essay responses were analyzed thematically to gain a deeper understanding of the respondents’ perspectives. Quantitative data were summarized using descriptive statistics in the form of percentage distributions to identify response tendencies, while qualitative data were coded to present representative experiences, views, and reasons underlying the decision to wear the hijab. The results showed that the majority of female students consistently wore the hijab primarily because of religious beliefs and personal awareness as Muslim women, although cultural identity, family environment, and social acceptance also influenced the practice. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of recognizing the hijab as both a manifestation of faith and a social identity, as well as the need for a campus environment that respects individual motivations, choices, and autonomy in wearing the hijab.