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Language development in early childhood is a fundamental aspect in shaping children's cognitive, social, and emotional abilities. However, in today's digital era, excessive use of gadgets has become a common habit in parenting patterns, which has the potential to inhibit children's speech development. This article aims to examine the impact of gadget use on speech delays in early childhood using a literature review approach to the literature from 2020–2025. The results of the study indicate that passive interaction through gadgets, without adequate verbal guidance and stimulation, can reduce the frequency of dialogue and children's social involvement. This condition increases the risk of speech delay, expressive communication disorders, and vocabulary limitations. In addition, factors such as permissive parenting, technoference, and lack of direct verbal activity are significant contributors to obstacles to language development. Therefore, an active role is needed for parents in limiting screen time, assisting with the use of digital media, and creating an environment rich in verbal interaction. Public education and early detection are also important solutions to prevent and treat speech delays from an early age.

he digital era brings significant changes in various aspects of life, including early childhood (ECD) parenting patterns. Easy access to gadgets ultimately results in excessive use that has a negative impact on children's growth and development. This study aims to examine strategies for overcoming the impact of excessive gadget use on ECD through optimizing Holistic Integrative Early Childhood Education (PAUD HI) services at TK Negeri Pembina Salakan. The methods used are literature studies and participatory observations of the implementation of the PAUD HI program. The results of the study indicate that the PAUD HI approach that includes integrated education, health, nutrition, care, protection, and welfare services can be an effective solution. At TK Negeri Pembina Salakan, its implementation is realized through learning activities that stimulate all aspects of development, active involvement of parents in digital parenting education, provision of an environment rich in non-gadget stimulation, and collaboration with health services and the community. It is concluded that PAUD HI has a strategic role in mitigating the negative risks of gadgets and supporting optimal growth and development of ECD.

The use of gadgets in elementary school children is alarming. Prolonged use can lead to negative things for the growth and development of elementary school children. This service aims to realize the golden generation in 2045 by providing education to elementary school children about the impact of gadget use. There are 3 main focuses of the training that will be carried out, namely: Understanding and definition of gadget use, positive and negative impacts of gadget use, and minimizing gadget use. These three main activities are important activities that are followed by elementary school children. The results showed that the students were very enthusiastic and eager to participate in this educational activity. They actively asked questions and discussed the impact of gadgets. Students in this class showed commitment to apply the tips and strategies taught in the educational activities. They promised to reduce their gaming time, choose positive content, and interact more with friends and family. The education program also received a positive response from the school principal and teachers. The headmaster gave high appreciation for the initiative of the academician students in conducting this education. collaboration between the academician and the school is needed in order to realize the sustainability of the program that has been implemented.

The increasing use of gadgets among medical students raises concerns about the health impacts, especially on sleep quality and eye health. Medical students have a high intensity of digital device use due to academic demands, which has the potential to cause excessive exposure to blue light (blue light), sleep disturbances, and eye fatigue (eye strain). This study aims to explore the relationship between the duration of gadget use with sleep quality and eye strain in medical students and to understand the factors that strengthen or weaken its impact. The research method used is qualitative descriptive based on a literature study by reviewing literature from scientific journals, books, and relevant documents. The results of the study showed that exposure to blue light can reduce melatonin production, disrupt circadian rhythms, and cause sleep disorders such as insomnia. In addition, long-term use of gadgets without sufficient rest increases the risk of digital eye strain, characterized by symptoms such as dry eyes, blurring, pain, and headaches. Medical students who are susceptible to intensive exposure to digital screens are at higher risk of this disorder. In conclusion, there is a strong interconnection between gadget use, sleep quality, and eye fatigue. Preventive efforts such as screen time management, use of blue light filters, and education about healthy visual habits are important to maintain the health and productivity of medical students.

In the era of modern technology, the use of gadgets among teenagers continues to rise, particularly for accessing social media, which can influence their behavior, including sexual behavior. This study aims to examine the impact of gadget use on adolescent sexual behavior. The research approach is quantitative, using an analytic survey method with a cross-sectional design. The study sample consists of 94 twelfth-grade students selected through total sampling. The variables studied include gadget use as the independent variable and adolescent sexual behavior as the dependent variable, measured using a closed-ended questionnaire. The results indicate that 89 respondents (94.7%) reported high levels of gadget use. Furthermore, 70 respondents (74.5%) exhibited risky sexual behavior. The Chi-Square statistical test with a p-value of 0.004 and an OR of 13.800 shows a significant relationship between gadget use and adolescent sexual behavior. These findings suggest that excessive gadget use can increase the risk of sexual behavior among teenagers. Therefore, this study is expected to help prevent such behavior through stricter supervision, appropriate sex education, and the active role of parents and schools in guiding teenagers to use gadgets safely.

This research aims to analyze the problem or impact of using gadgets on the achievement of student X at YPK Imanuel Vocational School, Sorong City. The research method uses a qualitative approach using case studies. Data was collected by observation, interviews and documentation. The sample was determined using the "Purposive Sampling" technique. The subjects of this research were 11 students of class X multimedia 1 and 10 multimedia students. The results of this research show that the use of gadgets does not have a completely negative impact on student achievement, but rather provides positive things that students can do, such as making it easier for students to do assignments, being interactive and making it easier for students to find information. This can be seen from the results of research conducted by researchers on class , images and animations that can increase students' interest and understanding of the subject.

Character Education, especially in terms of discipline, is a major concern in the learning process that occurs in schools. The role of teachers is not only limited to teaching, but also includes being role models, motivators, and mentors who can build a disciplined atmosphere among students. This study adopted a qualitative approach with data collection methods including observation, interviews, and documentation. The research findings indicate that the culture of discipline in madrasas is greatly influenced by the implementation of strict rules, the provision of rewards and punishments, and the persuasive approach and role models from teachers. In addition, there are supporting factors such as the existence of madrasa regulations and good examples from teachers, as well as inhibiting factors such as environmental influences and the use of gadgets. In conclusion, the development of a culture of discipline in madrasas requires cooperation between teachers, students, and the environment, as well as the right strategy to create a conducive and disciplined learning atmosphere.

Children who live in today's era have the characteristic that the behavior of dependence on the internet is very high, so it requires supervision from parents to monitor and control their children's time when playing gadgets. This behavior eventually causes the main problem of sleep quality related to parenting and children's sleep patterns. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting patterns in gadget use and sleep patterns with the quality of sleep of elementary school children at SDN 3 Baureno. This research design used a cross sectional approach, a population of 30 children at SDN 3 Baureno, which was taken by total sampling technique. Data were taken using a questionnaire which was analyzed using the Spierman Rho Test with a significance level of p = 0.05. The results showed that almost most (76.7%) parents gave permissive parenting, most children (60%) experienced disturbed sleep patterns, and most children (53.3%) had poor sleep quality. While the statistical test obtained the value of r =0.369 p=0.023 (p<0.05) which means there is a relationship between parenting patterns in the use of Gadgets with the quality of sleep of elementary school children and obtained the value of r =0.462 p=0.013 (p<0.05) which means there is a relationship between sleep patterns with the quality of sleep of elementary school children. Parents should pay more attention to how to properly use Gadgets in children with the right duration so that sleep patterns are more regular and uninterrupted and good sleep quality.

Technological advances have an impact on social change, a shift that was originally done conventionally in the real world but can now be done digitally in cyberspace. The use of the internet is supported by gadgets and applications that make it easier for people in their daily activities to make the statement "world without borders" on digital media true, which will certainly have a positive impact and a negative impact. The young generation based on Law Number 40 of 2009 concerning Youth which is included in the criteria as the young generation refers to those who have an age range of 16 to 30 years old who are the most users in the cyber world. The younger generation as the next generation should get efforts to prevent negative impacts. The provision of education about digital literacy and its wise use must be carried out by education providers by including material in subjects or courses so that all young generations are able to acquire this knowledge. Cyber sovereignty is a concept that refers to the contribution of state control over the internet domain within its borders, including political, economic, cultural, and technological activities. The young generation who have received education is expected to be able to carry out national cyber sovereignty well. This study uses an empirical juridical research method. The purpose of this study is to provide input related to the urgency of digital legal education and an overview of the digital education model.

Current technological developments require young people to get information easily through gadgets. The ease of internet access that is developing sometimes brings up advertisements that trigger online gambling. However, these activities can be diverted by doing positive activities, namely learning business, so the purpose of this community service is to socialize the operation of gadgets to prevent the impact of online gambling and improve the business of Beratkulon Village. The method used in this community service has three steps, namely, preparation steps, implementation steps, and final steps. The results of this community service are, socialization of the operation of gadgets to help prevent online gambling and utilize business so that positive activities occur among village youth, so that village youth increasingly understand to avoid online gambling activities turning into useful business activities. The hope from the results of this activity is to immediately implement the results of the socialization that is applied so that the quality of human resources in Beratkulon Village is getting better, especially village youth.

The aim of this research is to find out the problems of using gadgets in early childhood, the factors that cause problems in using gadgets in early childhood, parents' efforts to overcome the problems of using gadgets in early childhood during the COVID-19 pandemic, Environment V, Tanjung Rejo Village, Medan Sunggal District . This research was conducted using a descriptive qualitative approach. The subjects in this research were parents of children aged 1-6 years in Environment V, Tanjung Rejo Village, Medan Sunggal District. The researcher's data collection process used interview, observation and documentation methods. Analysis of the data obtained by the author uses the Miles and Hubermen concept, namely data analysis, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research reveal: 1) the problem of using gadgets in early childhood during the COVID-19 pandemic is that children are addicted to watching YouTube, children's emotions are uncontrolled and children are less responsive when called; 2) the factor causing problems in using gadgets in early childhood during the COVID-19 pandemic is the busyness of parents to make their work easier and seeing the family environment playing with gadgets; 3) parents' efforts to overcome the problem of using gadgets in early childhood during the COVID-19 pandemic include providing alternative games, giving gadgets when the battery is low, hiding gadgets from children, being strict about prohibiting children, not filling internet quotas.

This research examines the role of parents in encouraging students' learning achievement at SMP Negeri 8 Palangka Raya. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of parents in encouraging student achievement in all conditions at SMP Negeri 8 Palangka Raya. The method used was descriptive method with interview techniques to two interviewee with different socio-economic backgrounds. The results showed that parents' involvement in guiding students, implementing time discipline, limiting the use of gadgets, and providing moral support and learning facilities play an important role in the success of students' academic and non-academic achievements. The challenges faced, such as time constraints and busy work schedules, both interviewee still try to support students' education through monitoring technology, open communication, and providing learning motivation. This research confirms that socio-economic status in various conditions is not the main factor that determines learner achievement, but rather the support and active involvement of parents.

Education plays a crucial role in developing quality human resources, with one of the key aspects being the enhancement of students' interest in reading and literacy skills. However, fostering a reading culture among elementary school students remains a significant challenge, particularly at SDN Cilangkara 02, and which lacks a proper library. In response, the 2025 Cilangkara Village Community Service Program (KKN) students implemented the "Literacy Corner" initiative, which aimed to provide a simple, comfortable, and accessible reading space. This program adopted a participatory and educational implementative approach, involving teachers, students, the literacy community, and university students. Activities included conducting a needs assessment, collecting book donations, constructing and decorating the literacy corner, organizing the reading space, and holding an inauguration event. The results of the program showed a notable increase in students' interest in reading, as well as the development of a habit of interacting with books. Moreover, it helped cultivate a literacy culture within the school environment. Despite facing challenges such as limited books, inadequate funding, and students' distraction by gadgets, the program succeeded in achieving a positive impact. It not only contributed to improving literacy and character building but also fostered a sustainable reading culture at SDN Cilangkara 02

Continuous use of gadgets over a long period of time can emit short waves of high energy which can penetrate the eyes and ultimately cause photochemical damage to retinal cells. Excessive use of gadgets will have a negative impact on teenagers, one of which is a decline in eye health. Asthenopia is a disease experienced by the eye because the eye muscles are forced to work hard, especially when they have to look at close objects for a long time. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between the duration of gadget use and the incidence of eye fatigue (asthenopia) in teenagers at SMAN 1 Garut. The research method used was a quantitative approach with a cross sectional research design. The population in this study was 1374 students and a sample of 94 respondents was obtained using puposive sampling techniques. Data was collected using a gadget usage duration questionnaire and a Visual Fatigue Index (VFI) questionnaire, then the data was analyzed using the Chi Square test. The results of this study show that there is a significant relationship between the duration of gadget use and the incidence of eye fatigue (asthenopia) with a p-value = 0.000 where p <0.05. So it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the duration of gadget use and the incidence of eye fatigue (asthenopia) in teenagers at SMAN 1 Garut. This research is useful as insight that there are negative impacts from excessive use of gadgets, so it is recommended that teenagers apply time limits on gadget use to prevent an increase in the incidence of asthenopia.

Digital literacy plays an important role in the psychological development of elementary school children, both from cognitive, social, and emotional aspects. This study aims to analyze the influence of digital literacy on child psychology by highlighting the positive and negative impacts it causes. The research method used is a literature review with reference to various previous studies on digital literacy and its development in children. The results of the study show that digital literacy can improve critical thinking skills, creativity, and expand children's social interactions. In addition, access to technology can also help children understand the world more broadly and increase empathy for social issues. However, excessive use of digital technology without adequate supervision can have negative impacts, such as addiction to gadgets, decreased social interaction, and impaired concentration in learning. Exposure to age-inappropriate content and the risk of cyberbullying are also threats to children's mental health. Therefore, an active role of parents, educators, and policymakers is needed in supervising and guiding children in using digital technology wisely. This study confirms that digital literacy has a complex impact on child psychology. With proper guidance and supervision, the benefits of digital literacy can be optimized, while the negative impact can be minimized. Therefore, a balanced approach in the application of digital literacy is needed to support the optimal development of children's psychology.

The development of language skills in children is an important factor in their growth. However, not all children experience language development appropriate for their age, one of which is speech delay. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence speech delay in children at RA Nurul Iman School, Beringin Jaya Village. The method used was direct observation of children experiencing speech delay, along with the delivery of educational materials to parents and teachers regarding the importance of verbal stimulation and the regulation of gadget usage. The research results show that the main factors causing speech delay in children at this school are excessive use of gadgets and a lack of verbal stimulation from parents. The study concludes that regulating gadget usage and increasing verbal stimulation from parents can help address speech delay issues in children and support their language development optimally. Therefore, it is important to raise awareness among parents about their role in supporting their children's speech development

Language skills are one of the key aspects in children's cognitive and social development. The family environment, as the first and primary environment for children, plays an important role in shaping language habits, enriching vocabulary, and developing children's communication skills. This study aims to explore the influence of the family environment on children's language development, focusing on interactions between parents and children, reading habits, and emotional support in the family. The research method used was a qualitative approach with in-depth interview techniques involving parents as research subjects. The results revealed that a communicative and supportive family environment is the main basis for children in learning language. Habits such as inviting children to talk, reading books together, and providing emotional support are the main factors that influence children's language development. In the midst of the digital era, parents need to be smart in utilizing technology, by limiting the use of gadgets and prioritizing direct interaction. Consistent communication patterns and special activities such as reading together or role-playing have also proven to be very effective in supporting children's language development. Although there are challenges such as time constraints and children's interest in gadgets, parents can overcome them with creativity and patience. This study provides practical advice for parents in creating a family environment that supports children's language development.

Language skills are one of the key aspects in children's cognitive and social development. The family environment, as the first and primary environment for children, plays an important role in shaping language habits, enriching vocabulary, and developing children's communication skills. This study aims to explore the influence of the family environment on children's language development, focusing on interactions between parents and children, reading habits, and emotional support in the family. The research method used was a qualitative approach with in-depth interview techniques involving parents as research subjects. The results revealed that a communicative and supportive family environment is the main basis for children in learning language. Habits such as inviting children to talk, reading books together, and providing emotional support are the main factors that influence children's language development. In the midst of the digital era, parents need to be smart in utilizing technology, by limiting the use of gadgets and prioritizing direct interaction. Consistent communication patterns and special activities such as reading together or role-playing have also proven to be very effective in supporting children's language development. Although there are challenges such as time constraints and children's interest in gadgets, parents can overcome them with creativity and patience. This study provides practical advice for parents in creating a family environment that supports children's language development.

Gadgets play a very important and helpful role in technology and communication. The progress in the use of gadgets is not only used by adults, one of which is elementary school age children. Gadgets themselves have positive and negative impacts, therefore parents need a parenting style to control and educate every child's activities. The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between parenting styles and gadget addiction in elementary school-aged children. This type of research is quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The population of this study was 192 respondents. The sample size was 130 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, then taken using simple random sampling technique. The instrument uses the PSDQ and smartphone addiction test. The independent variable is parenting style and the dependent variable is gadget addiction. Data were analyzed using the gamma correlation test. The research results obtained from the gamma test analysis with a significance value of α = 0.05 obtained a p value (value) = 0.031 <0.05, which means there is a relationship between parental parenting patterns and gadget addiction in elementary school age children. The conclusion is that parental parenting styles have a significant relationship to gadget addiction in elementary school-aged children.

Background: The phenomenon of Gadget use among children under five is increasing and has become an inseparable part of everyday life. This raises concerns about the impact on child development. There is a risk that excessive use of Gadgets in children under five can disrupt various aspects of development, including physical, cognitive, social and emotional. Children who are too fixated on Gadgets tend to interact less with their surroundings, including with their parents and peers. This can affect their social skills in the future. Objective: The general objective of this research is to understand the impact of Gadget use on the social development of children under five. Method: This research method uses qualitative methods with interviews, observation and documentation, with 5 samples. Results: the use of Gadgets in early childhood in the Cikondang area, Citamiang District, has a significant impact on children's development, both positively and negatively. Suggestion : Efforts need to be made to limit the use of Gadgets and provide stricter supervision from parents and society as a whole to ensure children can develop optimally.