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This study aims to construct a comprehensive concept of Quranic Andragogy based on the profound educational interaction between Prophet Musa a.s. and Prophet Khidir a.s. as narrated in Surah Al-Kahfi. Employing systematic library research with a thematic exegesis approach and rigorous content analysis, this research synthesizes Malcolm Knowles’ andragogy theory with core Islamic values and principles. The findings reveal that Quranic Andragogy transcends conventional Western pragmatism by effectively integrating intellectual autonomy with deep spiritual humility (tawadhu). The narrative illustrates three fundamental pillars of this pedagogical model: the urgency of cultivating internal motivation (the need to know), which is driven by a conscious willingness to 'unlearn' ego and preconceptions; the careful management of cognitive conflict within experiential learning processes; and the consistent implementation of a disciplined, ethically guided learning contract. It is concluded that adult education in Islam requires a careful balance between critical reasoning, reflective practice, and spiritual obedience in order to achieve holistic self-transformation that extends beyond the mere transfer of knowledge and information, fostering both intellectual and moral development in learners.

This article investigates how Islamic Education teachers implement their professional competence in managing learning at a public Islamic senior secondary school in North Maluku, Indonesia. Teacher competence is understood as a multidimensional construct that includes pedagogical, professional, personal, social, and spiritual dimensions and is expressed through lesson planning, classroom instruction, and learning assessment. Using a qualitative naturalistic design, data were collected through participant observation, in depth interviews with teachers, school leaders, and students, and documentation of lesson plans and institutional records. The findings show that lesson planning is carried out consistently and aligned with the curriculum, but the depth and creativity of plans vary between teachers, with some documents remaining largely administrative. In classroom instruction, teachers demonstrate sincere efforts to create a conducive learning climate, connect Islamic teachings with students daily lives, and encourage participation, although limited use of educational technology, differences in student engagement, and classroom management challenges constrain the consistency of instructional quality. Assessment practices employ diverse techniques to evaluate cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains, yet the systematic use of formative and authentic assessment is still uneven due to workload and time pressures. Supporting factors include institutional backing through workshops and subject teacher forums, supportive leadership, adequate facilities, and teacher experience, while inhibiting factors comprise internal limitations in instructional design, external constraints related to technology and student diversity, and structural administrative demands. Overall, the study offers an integrated and context specific picture of how competence in learning management contributes to students understanding, motivation, and religious character.

This study aims to analyze the internal and external conditions of Karel Workshop in Wairhubing, Sikka Regency, using a SWOT approach (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) as a basis for formulating business development strategies. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through in-depth interviews with the owner, employees, and customers, as well as secondary data from documents and official statistics. The findings indicate that Karel Workshop possesses several strengths, including meticulous service quality, strong interpersonal relationships with customers, and mechanic skills acquired through self-learning. However, the workshop also faces weaknesses such as limited equipment, the absence of a structured management system, and a lack of digital promotion. Opportunities that can be utilized include high public interest in motorcycle modification, potential motorcycle painting services, a strategic location, and possible partnerships with spare-part suppliers. Meanwhile, the main threats include rising spare-part prices, competition among workshops, and occupational safety risks. Overall, the study recommends strengthening digital promotion, improving business management, enhancing workshop facilities, and implementing safety standards to support the sustainable development of Karel Workshop. 

This study aims to analyze the internal and external conditions of Karel Workshop in Wairhubing, Sikka Regency, using a SWOT approach (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) as a basis for formulating business development strategies. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through in-depth interviews with the owner, employees, and customers, as well as secondary data from documents and official statistics. The findings indicate that Karel Workshop possesses several strengths, including meticulous service quality, strong interpersonal relationships with customers, and mechanic skills acquired through self-learning. However, the workshop also faces weaknesses such as limited equipment, the absence of a structured management system, and a lack of digital promotion. Opportunities that can be utilized include high public interest in motorcycle modification, potential motorcycle painting services, a strategic location, and possible partnerships with spare-part suppliers. Meanwhile, the main threats include rising spare-part prices, competition among workshops, and occupational safety risks. Overall, the study recommends strengthening digital promotion, improving business management, enhancing workshop facilities, and implementing safety standards to support the sustainable development of Karel Workshop. 

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) as a strategic performance evaluation tool in the era of digital transformation. Using a descriptive qualitative approach within the social constructivist paradigm, data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, and document analysis in three organizations undergoing digitalization. Thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006) identified four main themes in the application of the BSC: digital strategy alignment, digital readiness and data integration, a culture of learning and innovation, and adaptive leadership transformation. The findings indicate that the BSC functions not only as a performance measurement system but also as an adaptive, collaborative, and data-driven strategic management framework. The integration of digital technologies accelerates decision-making processes and strengthens reflective organizational culture. Theoretically, this study extends the classical BSC model of Kaplan and Norton (1996, 2001) toward a Digital Balanced Scorecard that emphasizes synergy among strategy, data, and organizational learning. Practically, the results highlight the importance of digital readiness, an innovation-oriented culture, and adaptive leadership as key foundations for successful BSC implementation in the era of digital disruption.

This study investigates the influence of financial literacy, entrepreneurship training, and financial inclusion on the performance of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) through business sustainability. Using a systematic literature review (SLR) examines the impact of financial literacy, entrepreneurship training, and financial inclusion on MSME performance through business sustainability mediation by synthesizing empirical data from 12 research (2020–2025) across Scopus and Web of Science. Positive direct effects on sustainability (financial literacy via budgeting/risk management; training via adaptive resilience; inclusiveness via digital access) and performance metrics like profitability/growth are confirmed by results using the PRISMA 2020 flow.  Amid obstacles like financial access restrictions and COVID-19 disruptions, business sustainability appears as a crucial mediator, linking these factors to improved MSME results in developing contexts (Africa, Indonesia). Practical implications compel policymakers to give integrated literacy programs, contextual training, and inclusive finance top priority. Theoretical contributions combine financial literacy, entrepreneurial learning, and sustainability ideas into a holistic mediation model. The results highlight the importance of integrating financial education, entrepreneurial skill development, and inclusive financial systems to strengthen MSME resilience and competitiveness. This study provides practical implications for policymakers, financial institutions, and support organisations in designing effective interventions that foster sustainable business growth. The research also contributes theoretically by confirming the mediating role of business sustainability in the relationship between financial literacy, entrepreneurship training, financial inclusion, and MSME performance. Future studies may expand these insights by examining additional contextual factors such as digital technology adoption and business networking that further support sustainable MSME development.

Digital transformation has significantly reshaped human resource management (HRM) through the adoption of Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS), artificial intelligence (AI), big data analytics, e-learning platforms, and remote work technologies. Although these innovations improve efficiency and decision-making, they also generate ethical challenges related to data privacy, algorithmic bias, transparency, and employee monitoring. This article examines the role of professional ethics in HRM within the context of digital transformation, highlighting both emerging challenges and potential opportunities. This study employs a conceptual research approach supported by a comprehensive literature review of scholarly works on HRM, professional ethics, and digitalization. The analysis focuses on core ethical principles such as integrity, fairness, responsibility, professionalism, and confidentiality, and evaluates their implementation in digital HR practices. The findings indicate that unethical use of digital technologies may lead to discrimination, reduced employee trust, and violations of individual rights, particularly through biased AI-based recruitment systems and opaque performance evaluation mechanisms. However, digital transformation also offers opportunities to strengthen ethical HR governance. The use of ethical data management, algorithmic audits, digital transparency, and e-learning-based ethics training can enhance accountability and fairness in HR processes. The study concludes that integrating professional ethics with digital HRM is essential for developing human-centered, sustainable, and trustworthy organizations in the digital era.

Tourism is one of the sectors that plays an important role in boosting economic growth through travel activities and destination exploration. Tourists' preferences for nature-based tourism options, such as mountain hiking or beach tourism, are influenced by various factors, ranging from personal experiences and recreational interests to social characteristics. Therefore, a technology-based approach is needed to predict destination choice tendencies more accurately. As artificial intelligence technology develops, deep learning methods have been widely used in classification processes due to their ability to process large amounts of data and recognize complex patterns. In this study, a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) model is used to classify tourists' preferences between mountain or beach destinations based on a survey dataset. The research stages include data processing, data splitting using a train-test split, model training, and performance evaluation using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The test results show that the MLP model is capable of achieving an accuracy rate of 99%, confirming that deep learning methods are effective in automatically mapping tourism preference trends. This research is expected to serve as a basis for the development of more personalized travel destination recommendation systems, as well as to support tourism management in formulating targeted promotional strategies.

Waste has become a serious environmental problem in Indonesia, which continues to increase along with population growth. The issue of waste management poses serious challenges for the environment, especially in the process of separating organic and inorganic waste. In the field of computer vision, recognising the type and shape of waste through camera images remains a challenge due to variations in shape, colour, and complex lighting conditions. Therefore, this problem utilises Deep Learning technology, which is expected to be widely applied in Indonesia, especially in large cities with high waste volumes. This study aims to distinguish between organic and inorganic waste using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method based on digital images. The developed CNN model was trained to recognise the visual patterns of each type of waste and tested to measure its accuracy. The test results show that the CNN-based classification system is capable of achieving an accuracy rate of 95%, thus proving the effectiveness of this method in supporting artificial intelligence-based automatic waste sorting systems.

The persistent issue of high youth unemployment among Senior High School (SHS) graduates necessitates cultivating an entrepreneurial mindset through formal education, making Entrepreneurship Education (EE) a national strategic imperative. This Systematic Literature Review (SLR) critically analyzed 15 empirical articles, selected via the strict PRISMA protocol, to evaluate the effectiveness of diverse EE curriculum models in enhancing students' Entrepreneurial Interest (Intention) and Attitude. The key finding is that EE implementation is substantially effective only when executed through active, experience-based pedagogical models such as Experiential Learning, Project-Based Learning (PjBL), and the Teaching Factory which are superior in fostering practical competency and significantly boosting Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and positive Attitude, consistent with the Theory of Planned Behavior. Successful implementation also critically depends on robust operational factors, including structured curriculum management (e.g., PDCA cycle) and the availability of competent teachers. In conclusion, the findings provide a strong evidence-based framework, recommending that policymakers prioritize experiential models and integrate modern elements like Digital Literacy and Non-cognitive Skills to produce SHS graduates with genuine entrepreneurial readiness.

This research is motivated by the importance of managerial skills in improving business productivity and efficiency, particularly in the entrepreneurial sector, which faces the challenges of competition, market changes, and limited resources. The objective of this study is to analyze the role of managerial skills development and its contribution to optimizing entrepreneurial performance. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), which examines various relevant scientific publications and then categorizes the findings to obtain a comprehensive overview of effective strategies for improving managerial competency. The results indicate that technical skills, human relations skills, and conceptual skills play a significant role in supporting decision-making processes, resource management, and adapting business strategies to business dynamics. The findings also indicate that training, mentoring, continuous learning, and the use of technology are development strategies capable of significantly increasing productivity and efficiency. The implications of this research emphasize that improving managerial skills is a strategic necessity for entrepreneurs to strengthen competitiveness, increase operational effectiveness, and promote business sustainability. Furthermore, this research provides a basis for the development of more structured training programs and supporting policies to strengthen the managerial capacity of entrepreneurs.

The digital era demands that organizations be fast-moving, adaptable, and innovative. With the advancement of information technology, changes in work methods, global competition, and stakeholder demands are becoming increasingly complex. Knowledge Management (KM) plays an important role as a strategic mechanism for identifying, acquiring, storing, sharing, and utilizing knowledge to improve organizational effectiveness and efficiency. In this context, knowledge management becomes one of the important elements for organizations to enhance performance. Knowledge management is not just about collecting data or information, but how organizations can store, share, create, and utilize knowledge to gain a competitive advantage. This article aims to analyze the importance of knowledge management for organizational performance in the digital age, including how the digital era changes the dimensions of knowledge management, how knowledge management contributes to organizational performance, the challenges faced, and their implications. The data obtained for this study were gathered from observations thru interviews with relevant parties and a literature review study by examining the results of empirical research from the past five years (2020–2025). The method used was descriptive literature analysis of 15 scientific articles from accredited national journals. The analysis focuses on the relationship between knowledge management dimensions (knowledge creation, storage, sharing, and application) and organizational performance indicators (financial performance, innovation, productivity, and customer satisfaction). The study results show that the implementation of knowledge management significantly contributes to improving organizational performance, both directly thru increased efficiency and effectiveness of work processes, and indirectly thru strengthening a culture of innovation and organizational learning. This article asserts that an organization's success in the digital age is not solely determined by its ability to adopt technology, but also by its ability to manage and leverage knowledge as a strategic resource. Therefore, knowledge management needs to be systematically integrated into the organization's digital strategy, accompanied by strengthening a learning culture, human resource training, and adaptive information technology systems.

Innovation is the process of optimizing various resources to produce more efficient and sustainable solutions. This study aims to examine the relationship between resources and innovation strategies in supporting sustainable entrepreneurship through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. A total of 25 scientific articles were analyzed using PRISMA guidelines to examine the role of resources such as human, technological, information, financial, and physical resources in the context of product, process, and managerial innovation. The research findings indicate that the success of innovation is strongly influenced by the organization's ability to utilize and synergize its resources, especially in the development of internal capabilities such as tacit knowledge, research and development activities, and digital technology. Human resource creativity is the main driver of product innovation, while process innovation is strengthened by the application of technology and a learning culture. Managerial innovation is heavily influenced by entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities in responding to change. The implementation of sustainable innovation strategies such as green, digital, and social innovations also increases business competitiveness through cross-sector collaboration. This study emphasizes the importance of integrated resource management and innovative strategies to achieve sustainability, especially in the small and medium enterprise sector.

The low effectiveness of student organizational performance in designing and managing structured work programs presents a major challenge to strengthening the leadership culture at MTsN 1 Probolinggo. This community service program aims to enhance students’ managerial and leadership capacities through performance mentoring for the Intra-Madrasah Student Organization (OSIM), based on innovations in learning management. The methods employed include training sessions, workshops, and continuous mentoring, all designed collaboratively with school stakeholders. The activity stages began with a needs analysis and problem mapping, followed by the development of training modules, the implementation of organizational management training, and interactive workshops aimed at developing adaptive and applicable work programs. The proposed solutions encompass strengthening foundational understanding of organizational management, enhancing the role of members in program planning, and facilitating the implementation of OSIM activities that support the creation of an active learning environment. Evaluation was carried out through pre-tests and post-tests to measure comprehension improvement, field activity observations, and assessments of work program achievement. The results indicate significant improvements in participants’ cognitive and practical skills, particularly in the planning, execution, and evaluation of OSIM programs that are now more structured and goal-oriented. In conclusion, this community service activity successfully reinforced student leadership competencies through an innovative approach to managing student organizations, while also promoting the development of a sustainable culture of collaborative work. Based on the outcomes, it is recommended that this mentoring model be replicated in other madrasahs and that OSIM leadership development programs be systematically integrated into extracurricular curricula to ensure the continuity and expansion of the positive impacts achieved

The purpose of this study is to analyze the strategic role of the Green Human Resource Information System (Green HRIS) in bridging the transformation of human resource management with the demands of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles, specifically examining how Green HRIS contributes to sustainable HR practices, organizational performance, and digital HR transformation. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, this study identifies, evaluates, and synthesizes prior research by conducting a structured search across major academic databases—Scopus, Web of Science, Springer, Elsevier, and Wiley—for publications from 2020 to 2025 that address green HRM, HR digitalization, sustainable HR practices, and ESG integration. The review process includes screening titles, abstracts, and full texts, extracting key data, and categorizing findings into environmental, social, and governance dimensions. The results demonstrate that Green HRIS strengthens ESG implementation by reducing paper usage, lowering carbon emissions, and promoting sustainable HR practices such as digital recruitment and e-learning, while also improving governance through enhanced transparency, accountability, regulatory compliance, and real-time reporting. Empirical evidence indicates that Green HRIS fosters employee engagement, organizational innovation, and the development of green competitive advantages. Practically, the study highlights how organizations, policymakers, and HR managers can utilize Green HRIS to optimize digital transformation and meet ESG requirements, thereby reinforcing legitimacy and long-term competitiveness within the green economy. This research offers originality as one of the first systematic reviews addressing Green HRIS in the ESG era, integrating theories such as the Resource-Based View, Technology Acceptance Model, and organizational sustainability theory, while also mapping trends, best practices, and gaps for future research.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the strategic role of air transportation management in Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW), particularly in archipelagic contexts such as Indonesia, where rapid humanitarian response, territorial surveillance, and civil–military cooperation are essential for resilience. By applying a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), this article synthesizes findings on humanitarian logistics, technological transformation, and policy frameworks for strengthening national defense readiness. Design/methodology/approach – This study employs a qualitative Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology guided by PRISMA principles, analyzing 30 scholarly contributions from 2009–2025, including international peer-reviewed journals, Routledge and Springer volumes, arXiv preprints, and Indonesian academic publications.Results highlight that strategic air  transportation is indispensable for disaster relief, medical evacuation, and supply delivery in archipelagic nations. The adoption of AI, machine learning, UAVs, and reinforcement learning has enhanced responsiveness and equity in humanitarian supply chains. However, persistent challenges include aging fleets, interoperability constraints, and fragmented civil–military coordination. The study underscores the need for modernization of air assets, institutionalized civil–military collaboration, and integration of AI-based routing and command systems. Strengthening these aspects can enhance Indonesia’s resilience and preparedness in MOOTW scenarios. This article uniquely bridges global research on data-driven air power with Indonesian defense perspectives, proposing a scalable strategic framework for air transportation management that advances archipelagic resilience.

This Community Service Program aims to enhance the practical abilities of educational staff in understanding and implementing the Electronic Employee Performance Target (e-SKP) system within the Faculty of Economics and Business, Cenderawasih University. The training program was designed to meet the needs of staff for practical knowledge regarding digital performance appraisal systems in accordance with the latest civil service regulations. The training applied an andragogical approach, emphasizing adult learning experiences through simulations, focused group discussions, and hands-on practice in using the e-SKP application. The resource person, Sukrisman, S.T., M.Cs., provided technical guidance and interactive assistance throughout the activity. The results indicated an improvement in participants’ knowledge and skills in operating the e-SKP application, as evidenced by their ability to independently prepare performance reports and actively engage in evaluation discussions. Moreover, participants gained a better understanding of the relationship between job descriptions, positions, and daily logs with performance indicators measured through e-SKP. Future development of this program will focus on implementing a study-program-based approach and integrating the e-SKP system with the faculty’s overall performance planning framework.

The rapid advancement of digital technology, the increasing demand for educational quality, and the adoption of sustainability principles have significantly reshaped institutional management in modern education systems. Within this context, benchmarking and digital innovation emerge as crucial strategies to enhance governance effectiveness, strengthen institutional competitiveness, and foster sustainable educational transformation. This study systematically reviews recent research published between 2023 and 2025 to identify emerging trends in educational innovation, institutional governance, and sustainability strategies. Using a systematic literature review approach, relevant articles were retrieved from Google Scholar and Publish or Perish with keywords such Educational Benchmarking, Quality Management, Institutional Innovation, Adaptive Learning, Digital Transformation. Out of 35 articles identified, seven were selected for in-depth analysis based on thematic relevance and validity. The findings highlight five dominant themes: fundamental concepts of benchmarking in education, benchmarking as a strategy for quality improvement, benchmarking and institutional competitiveness, implementation challenges, and practical implications with future research directions. The synthesis suggests that the effectiveness of benchmarking depends on the synergy between leadership transformation, knowledge management, and digital benchmarking systems. This study concludes by recommending further exploration of benchmarking integration with green education and data-driven governance as a strategic pathway to advance sustainable education in the future.

This community service program aims to improve the basic accounting literacy of the students (santri) at Pondok Pesantren Nurmadani NW Montong Lisung as a strategic effort to strengthen their financial independence. The program was initiated in response to the limited understanding of systematic financial management among santri, despite their involvement in various economic activities within the pesantren, such as the cooperative, canteen, and student organizations. The activities were carried out through four main stages: needs assessment, socialization of basic accounting concepts, financial record-keeping training, and evaluation accompanied by follow-up assistance. Interactive learning methods and experiential learning approaches were applied to ensure that participants not only understood theoretical concepts but were also able to practice them directly. The results showed a significant increase in the santris’ knowledge of the basic accounting equation, general journal, ledger posting, and preparation of simple financial statements. In addition to improved knowledge, there was also a positive shift in attitudes toward the importance of transparency, accountability, and sound financial governance. Several pesantren units began implementing the financial recording formats introduced during the training. Overall, this program successfully enhanced the technical skills and financial awareness of the santri and contributed to strengthening the pesantren’s financial management practices in a more professional and sustainable manner.

This study aims to identify the inhibiting and supporting factors in the implementation of academic supervision by school principals using a SWOT analysis approach based on a literature review. Through a systematic literature review of various research sources related to academic supervision and communication in educational management, it was found that strengths such as principal competence, structured supervision with effective communication between principals and teachers, and facility support are the main assets for successful supervision. Meanwhile, weaknesses such as time constraints, limited resources, and a lack of innovation in supervision and communication approaches remain challenges. Opportunities arise from supportive education policies, technological advances that can strengthen internal communication, and the role of active learning communities in sharing information and collaboration. However, threats such as dynamic policy changes and resistance to change require adaptive supervision strategies, open communication, and collaboration in order to optimize academic supervision. The results of this study provide an overview of strategies for school principals and policy makers to optimize academic supervision through effective communication approaches in order to improve teacher professionalism and the quality of learning in schools.