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The increasing complexity of competition in the healthcare industry requires hospitals to adopt adaptive and strategic management practices to enhance organizational competitiveness. This study aims to analyze the role of strategic management in improving hospital competitiveness through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. A total of 41 national and international scientific articles published between 2014 and 2025 were reviewed, sourced from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Sinta databases, following the PRISMA guidelines for literature selection. The synthesis of findings indicates that strategic management plays a significant role in strengthening hospital competitiveness through clear strategy formulation, consistent implementation, and continuous performance evaluation. Key factors contributing to competitive advantage include strategic leadership, adaptive organizational culture, effective human resource management, utilization of information technology, and integration between strategic planning and operational processes. The results emphasize that hospitals implementing strategic management comprehensively are better equipped to respond to environmental dynamics, improve service quality, and sustain competitive advantage in the long term. This study highlights the importance of strategic management as a foundational element in modern hospital governance and provides a conceptual basis for future empirical research in healthcare management.

The increasing complexity of competition in the healthcare industry requires hospitals to adopt adaptive and strategic management practices to enhance organizational competitiveness. This study aims to analyze the role of strategic management in improving hospital competitiveness through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. A total of 41 national and international scientific articles published between 2014 and 2025 were reviewed, sourced from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Sinta databases, following the PRISMA guidelines for literature selection. The synthesis of findings indicates that strategic management plays a significant role in strengthening hospital competitiveness through clear strategy formulation, consistent implementation, and continuous performance evaluation. Key factors contributing to competitive advantage include strategic leadership, adaptive organizational culture, effective human resource management, utilization of information technology, and integration between strategic planning and operational processes. The results emphasize that hospitals implementing strategic management comprehensively are better equipped to respond to environmental dynamics, improve service quality, and sustain competitive advantage in the long term. This study highlights the importance of strategic management as a foundational element in modern hospital governance and provides a conceptual basis for future empirical research in healthcare management.

This study aims to systematically analyze the literature on the implementation of external evaluation systems and accreditation management in improving the quality of Islamic education. It also seeks to provide a more comprehensive understanding of best practices that can be applied by Islamic educational institutions in responding to increasingly complex quality demands. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach, this study identifies themes, strategies, and challenges found in previous studies. Articles were identified from Google Scholar, Garuda, and ScienceDirect databases within the 2012–2024 period. The selection process involved a step-by-step screening of titles and abstracts, resulting in 15 main articles for further in-depth review. The findings indicate that external evaluation functions as a strategic instrument to enhance accountability, transparency, and quality control in educational institutions. Key themes identified include the importance of a Total Quality Management (TQM) culture, the strategic role of Management Information Systems (MIS) in data governance, and the gap between administrative compliance and substantive quality improvement. This study concludes that effective accreditation management requires a shift from a bureaucratic approach toward a culture of continuous improvement integrated with Islamic values and oriented toward overall educational quality enhancement.

The digital era has fundamentally revolutionized human interaction and information processing, particularly for Generation Z as digital natives. This research aims to identify the characteristics of digital information consumed by Generation Z and evaluate their long-term memory (LTM) capacity in the digital age. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with a qualitative approach, 15 relevant studies published between 2021 and 2026 were analyzed from databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The findings indicate that digital information characteristics—which are often "bite-sized," visual, and rapidly consumed—tend to encourage shallow encoding and digital amnesia. However, the study also found a dual impact: while high cognitive load and constant multitasking can hinder memory consolidation, structured digital use and interactive learning modules can significantly enhance memory retention. These results imply that optimal cognitive function in the digital era highly depends on digital literacy and effective information management strategies to balance technological use with natural cognitive sharpness.

Islamic education in this era of disruption faces a double challenge: the demand for complex professional competencies and the moral degradation of students. Law No. 14 of 2005 has established four pillars of teacher competency, but this framework is often interpreted administratively and has not touched on the deeper ethical-spiritual foundations. This study aims to revitalize the concept of teacher competency by synthesizing the values of adab mu'allim from the book At-Tibyan by Imam An-Nawawi into modern teacher competency standards. This study uses a qualitative method with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Data were collected through documentation of classical texts and indexed journal articles (2015-2025), then analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The results show a strong overlap between the values of At-Tibyan and the Teacher and Lecturer Law. Personal Competence is strengthened by sincerity and muraqabah; Social Competence is deepened by rifq (gentleness); and Professional Competence is perfected by the concepts of itqan (validation of the chain of transmission of knowledge) and hirshu (fighting spirit). This integration offers a “Complete Teacher” paradigm who is not only technically professional but also has spiritual authority in shaping students' character in the digital age.

This research has a purpose so that we can know the organization of Muhammadiyah can exist in facing the challenges of the current era, there are many factors or supporting elements in the Muhammadiyah organization so that this organization is able to exist to face the challenges of the current era, starting from the beliefs of the Muhammadiyah organization, the values of Muhammadiyah, the culture of the Muhammadiyah organization, and the leadership management system in the Muhammadiyah organization, by using a research approach Systematic Literature Review (SLR) or literature research, the researcher collected literature about how Muhammadiyah can exist in facing the challenges of the current times, the researcher found that there are many factors or elements in the Muhammadiyah organization that show that Muhammadiyah is able to exist in facing the challenges of the times, starting from a strong belief in the teachings of Islam that adheres to the Qur'an and As-Sunnah Al-maqbulah and enshrined in the Muhammadiyah Principles of Belief and Ideals (MKCH), the values contained in the Islamic Life Guidelines for Muhammadiyah Citizens (PHIWM), a neatly structured and disciplined organizational culture, and the management system of Muhammadiyah's leadership which has elements of Ulama', Intellectual, Academic, Legal, and Rational are able to present new cadres who will be able to carry the wheels of the Muhammadiyah organization so that they can continue to exist in facing the challenges of the times.

This study aims to analyze in depth the effectiveness of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) and ethnomathematics in improving students’ mathematical abilities through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. This study is motivated by the low level of students’ conceptual understanding, mathematical literacy, and mathematical communication skills, which are still dominated by conventional teaching approaches. Data were collected from ten research articles relevant to the topics of RME and ethnomathematics. The analyzed articles employed various research methods, including experimental research, classroom action research, and research and development (R&D). The results of the review indicate that the implementation of RME is consistently effective in enhancing students’ mathematical abilities, such as critical thinking, problem-solving, mathematical communication, and mathematical literacy. The RME approach, which is based on real-life contexts, helps students understand mathematical concepts more deeply and meaningfully. In addition, the integration of culture through ethnomathematics strengthens the effectiveness of learning by providing contexts that are closely related to students’ daily lives, thereby increasing motivation, engagement, and active participation in the learning process.Furthermore, the findings reveal that the success of culture-based RME is influenced by instructional design, the selection of appropriate contexts, and the teacher’s role in managing the learning process. Therefore, culture-based RME can be considered an effective and relevant approach to improving the quality of mathematics education.

This study focuses on examining the effectiveness of the metacognitive guidance approach in mathematics education using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. Metacognitive strategies are considered a relevant approach in 21st-century education because they encourage students to plan, monitor, and evaluate their thinking processes independently. The literature search was conducted via Google Scholar using appropriate keywords and yielded 306 articles in the initial stage. Subsequently, the selection process followed the PRISMA flowchart, including the removal of duplicate articles, screening based on titles and abstracts, and eligibility assessment through full-text review. From these stages, 12 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected as the basis for analysis. The study’s findings indicate that metacognitive guidance has a positive impact on mathematics learning, particularly on students’ problem-solving skills, critical thinking, mathematical literacy, and learning outcomes. This approach also enhances metacognitive awareness, enabling students to be more focused in selecting strategies, monitoring the learning process, and evaluating the results. Thus, this strategy is worthy of integration by teachers to strengthen the quality of learning and higher-order thinking skills.

Individual behavioral factors are critical determinants of organizational effectiveness and a vital component of modern organizational diagnosis. This study aims to identify and map individual behavioral factors as strategic indicators in organizational diagnosis using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach guided by PRISMA 2020. Analysis of ten selected articles reveals that organizational effectiveness in the digital transformation era is driven by a reciprocal equilibrium between an individual's cognitive infrastructure and volatile work environment demands. The findings synthesize these behaviors into four strategic clusters: psychological well-being as primary infrastructure, digital structural support audits, justice and trust equilibrium, and psychological contract synchronization. This research provides tactical implications for Human Capital practitioners to transform annual diagnostic methodologies toward the implementation of monthly pulse surveys to detect fluctuations in well-being and disengagement intentions in real-time. This predictive diagnostic step is essential to mitigate turnover risks and design precise institutional interventions in hybrid work ecosystems.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran permainan tradisional dalam pembentukan karakter siswa sekolah dasar di Jawa Tengah melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Kajian dilakukan dengan mengacu pada tahapan PRISMA yang meliputi identifikasi, penyaringan, kelayakan, dan inklusi artikel. Penelusuran literatur menggunakan aplikasi Publish or Perish dengan basis data Google Scholar pada rentang tahun 2016-2026, sehingga diperoleh 10 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa permainan tradisional seperti engklek, gobak sodor, egrang, bakiak, dan congklak berkontribusi dalam menumbuhkan nilai kerja sama, empati, tanggung jawab, disiplin, ketekunan, serta kemampuan mengendalikan diri. Permainan yang dilakukan secara berkelompok cenderung memperkuat karakter sosial, sedangkan permainan individual lebih menekankan pada pembentukan karakter personal. Temuan-temuan tersebut membuka ruang pengembangan penelitian lanjutan dengan pendekatan metodologis yang lebih beragam serta penguatan integrasi permainan tradisional sebagai media pendidikan karakter berbasis kearifan lokal di sekolah dasar.

Strawberries are horticultural commodities that are highly susceptible to postharvest deterioration due to their high respiration rate, microbial activity, and oxidative degradation, resulting in a relatively short shelf life. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of edible coatings in extending strawberry shelf life through a systematic literature review (SLR) approach. Literature was collected from several scientific databases using keywords related to edible coating, shelf life, and strawberry, covering publications from 2019–2026. From an initial 109 articles, a selection process based on inclusion and exclusion criteria resulted in 35 articles specifically discussing the application of edible coatings on strawberries. The synthesis results showed that all studies reported an extension of shelf life after edible coating application, although the effectiveness was influenced by the type of material, formulation, and storage conditions. Chitosan was the most widely used coating material due to its natural antimicrobial activity and excellent film-forming ability. The incorporation of bioactive compounds such as essential oils, plant extracts, and phenolic compounds was proven to enhance antifungal and antioxidant activities. In addition, nanotechnology-based systems demonstrated better preservation performance compared to conventional systems. However, methodological standardization and industrial-scale validation are still required to support commercial implementation.

The smart city concept has emerged as a primary solution to address various global urbanization challenges. However, its implementation in developing countries frequently encounters unique obstacles, such as limited infrastructure, constrained budgets, and varying levels of community readiness. This study aims to identify and analyze the critical success factors for smart city implementation in developing nations using a literature review approach. The research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, adapting the PRISMA guidelines. Data collection was conducted by screening scientific articles from leading academic databases published over the last five years. The review results indicate that the success of a smart city in developing contexts does not rely solely on technological advancement. There are four primary dimensions acting as determinants: (1) the governance dimension, encompassing regulatory support and bureaucratic transparency; (2) the technological infrastructure dimension, involving equitable internet access and centralized data integration; (3) the human resources dimension, focusing on the digital literacy of citizens and government apparatus; and (4) the financial dimension, which includes innovative financing models and public-private partnerships. The conclusion of this review emphasizes that cross-sector collaboration and strong leadership commitment remain the most crucial foundations. These findings are expected to provide a strategic reference framework for local governments in designing more sustainable and targeted smart city roadmaps.

This study examines the strategic role of Integrated Reporting (IR) in shaping investor perceptions in emerging markets, where transparency is essential for investment decision-making amid complex and volatile conditions. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with the PRISMA framework, this study ensured objective source selection and rigorous article screening. A total of 119 articles were identified from Scopus and Google Scholar using the keywords “Integrated Reporting,” “Investor Perception,” and “Emerging Markets.” After applying inclusion criteria, 29 relevant articles were selected for analysis. The findings indicate that IR plays a significant role in building positive investor perceptions by reducing information asymmetry, enhancing reporting transparency, and improving the disclosure quality of non-financial information. Investors in emerging markets generally respond positively to IR implementation, particularly when supported by strong corporate governance and clear regulatory frameworks. However, the relationship between IR and investor perception varies across contexts due to differences in institutional environments, regulatory systems, and capital market maturity. This study contributes by mapping IR dynamics in emerging markets and identifying conceptual gaps and implementation challenges for future research and policymaking.

The discipline of Qur'anic Studies (‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān) has experienced a significant paradigm shift from the classical textual-normative approach to a modern contextual and hermeneutic framework. This systematic literature review aims to map the dynamics of this growth by evaluating the ontological, epistemological, and teleological boundaries of Qur'anic studies within contemporary Islamic scholarship. Utilizing a qualitative Systematic Literature Review (SLR) design, data were gathered from reputable academic journals published over the last decade and analyzed through thematic synthesis. The findings reveal four major transformations. First, an ontological redefinition where the Qur'an is no longer viewed merely as a static written text, but as a performative living discourse, necessitating a strict demarcation between the Qur'an and Hadith to prevent the sacralization of the profane. Second, an epistemological reconstruction that shifts the discipline from mechanistic auxiliary sciences to a holistic-interdisciplinary methodology integrating social sciences and humanities. Third, an expansion of scope beyond textual analysis into applied realities, notably the emergence of Living Qur'an and Digital Qur'an sub-disciplines responding to the disruption of religious authority. Fourth, a teleological shift where the ultimate goal of studying the Qur'an transitions from individual piety to social transformation, serving as an intellectual defense mechanism against post-truth populism and promoting emancipatory theology. The implication of this study suggests that contemporary Qur'anic studies must proactively offer ethical frameworks for global challenges rather than merely preserving historical dogma

Waste management remains a critical environmental issue due to the lack of public awareness in separating organic and inorganic waste, resulting in accumulation and environmental pollution This study aims to analyze and evaluate the development of automatic waste sorting systems based on proximity sensors with full-capacity notification using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach.. The proposed system utilizes a combination of sensors, including proximity sensors for material identification and ultrasonic sensors for detecting object presence and bin capacity, integrated with a microcontroller for real-time processing. Additionally, the system is equipped with IoT-based monitoring that allows users to receive notifications when the waste bin reaches its capacity. The research method involves system design, hardware and software integration, and functional testing to evaluate system performance. The results indicate that the system is capable of sorting waste automatically with a high level of accuracy and responsiveness, while also providing real-time monitoring to support waste management operations. The implementation of this system can reduce manual intervention, increase operational efficiency, and promote better waste segregation practices. Furthermore, this study highlights the potential of integrating smart technology into environmental management systems, contributing both theoretically and practically to the development of sustainable waste management solutions.

The rapid growth of digital financial technologies has transformed how individuals access and manage financial resources, yet disparities in financial literacy remain a critical issue. This study aims to systematically examine the transformation of financial literacy in the digital era by identifying its conceptual development, key dimensions, and future research directions. A qualitative approach using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method was employed, following a structured process of article selection, screening, and synthesis from reputable academic databases. The findings reveal that financial literacy has evolved into a multidimensional construct encompassing financial knowledge, behavior, attitudes, and digital financial literacy. The study also highlights that technological advancement increases both opportunities and risks, requiring individuals to possess higher levels of cognitive and digital competence. Furthermore, the results indicate the need for more integrative frameworks and inclusive research across diverse contexts. This research contributes by offering a comprehensive conceptual mapping and identifying research gaps to guide future studies in the field of digital financial literacy.

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face unique challenges in building attachment relationships, due to ASD children experiencing impairments in communication, social interaction, and emotional regulation. This study aims to identify effective intervention strategies to improve the quality of attachment between parents and children with ASD through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The review findings indicate that several interventions have proven effective in enhancing attachment between parents or primary caregivers and children with ASD, including the following interventions: DIR/Floortime, Focused Playtime Intervention (FPI), Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), Circle of Security (COS), Positive Behavior Support (PBS), play training, massage therapy, and psychoeducation. The results of these interventions show that changes occur before and after the intervention, including strengthening two-way communication, increasing parental sensitivity, and improving the child's emotional responses. These findings have practical implications for parents, educators, and therapists in designing attachment-based approaches to support the social and emotional development of children with ASD. Responsive and supportive designing attachment-based approaches to support the social and emotional development of children with ASD. Responsive and supportive relationship-based interventions can build secure attachments between children with ASD and their parents and serve as an important reference in attachment-based parenting and therapy practices.

This study aims to analyze the impact of the geopolitical conflict between the United States, Israel, and Iran in 2026 on global macroeconomic stability and climate change dynamics. Using a qualitative approach through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), this research synthesizes findings from various international journal articles, reports, and academic sources. The results indicate that the conflict has significantly disrupted global energy markets, leading to a sharp increase in oil and gas prices. This energy shock has triggered global inflationary pressures, reduced purchasing power, and increased economic uncertainty across both developed and developing countries. Furthermore, monetary tightening policies implemented to control inflation have created trade-offs with economic growth, increasing the risk of global recession. On the fiscal side, government interventions such as energy subsidies have helped mitigate short-term impacts but have raised concerns about long-term fiscal sustainability. In addition, the energy crisis has slowed the transition toward renewable energy, thereby exacerbating climate change risks. The study highlights the interconnectedness between geopolitical conflict, macroeconomic instability, and environmental sustainability. Therefore, coordinated global policies and integrated economic strategies are essential to address these multidimensional challenges effectively.

This study aims to systematically examine empirical evidence on the effectiveness of role play in improving EFL students' speaking skills. Using Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology guided by the PRISMA framework, this study analyzed 20 peer-reviewed articles obtained from Google Scholar, ERIC, and Scopus databases. Inclusion criteria focused on studies investigating role play as an instructional technique targeting speaking skills in EFL or ESL contexts. Findings reveal that role play consistently and significantly improves key speaking components including fluency, accuracy, pronunciation, vocabulary, and confidence. Additionally, role play reduces speaking anxiety and promotes a more communicative and interactive learning environment. This review also identifies moderating factors such as class size, student proficiency level, and teacher facilitation quality that influence role play effectiveness. These findings suggest that role play is a highly effective pedagogical strategy for improving speaking competence, particularly in EFL contexts, and its systematic integration into curriculum design is strongly recommended.

This study examines the relationship between organizational culture and the sustainability of public service innovation within government bureaucracy. Although many public service innovations show positive results in the initial stages, many do not sustain in the long term. This indicates the presence of fundamental factors affecting innovation sustainability, one of which is organizational culture. Organizational culture plays a role in shaping the behavior, values, and work methods of civil servants in providing services to the public. This study aims to analyze the role of organizational culture in supporting or hindering the sustainability of public service innovations. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, this study analyzes 20 relevant scientific articles from 2002 to 2025. The results indicate that hierarchical, rigid, and administratively-oriented organizational cultures hinder innovation sustainability. Other factors such as low leadership support, limited incentives, and resistance to change also strengthen these barriers. Conversely, an open, collaborative, and adaptive organizational culture to change enhances the likelihood of innovation sustainability. In conclusion, the success of public service innovations is greatly influenced by the organizational culture underlying the behavior of civil servants. Therefore, transforming organizational culture to be more innovative and adaptive is a strategic step to strengthen the sustainability of innovation.