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This study aims to examine the role of housewives in waste reduction through the implementation of 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) principles, serving as a means to influence waste management behaviors and foster the adoption of a community-driven circular economy. This approach is designed to involve the broader business environment and city government. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method, focusing on the collection of data and information without reliance on quantitative calculations.The findings highlight that the participation of housewives plays a significant role in engaging individuals and groups in waste management activities. The study underscores the importance of community involvement in providing suggestions, expressing opinions, and actively participating in waste management initiatives. The research emphasizes that housewives play a critical role in waste collection, aligning with the principles of 3R. This role contributes to fostering clean and healthy living behaviors within communities, reinforcing the essential contribution of housewives in achieving sustainable waste management practices.

This study discusses the Function of the Central Kalimantan DPRD Secretariat in the realization of good governance. In the context of regional autonomy, this article explains the role of local governments in improving community welfare through effective public services. Local governments are given the authority to regulate government affairs to achieve community welfare through improved services and public participation. Based on Law No. 32 of 2004 and Law No. 23 of 2014, the role between the local government and the DPRD is explained, where the regional head is responsible for the implementation of the government and the DPRD carries out the functions of legislation, supervision, and budget. Public service is an important aspect of the government bureaucracy, which reflects a commitment to bureaucratic reform. This research also explores the concept of good local governance which is increasingly becoming a demand of the community, as well as the role of the government, the private sector, and the community in realizing it. Special focus is given to the Secretariat of the Central Kalimantan Provincial Parliament in optimizing its functions to support the implementation of good governance. The method used is empirical juridical, which combines legal aspects with direct observation in the field. The results of the study show that the Secretariat of the Central Kalimantan Provincial Parliament has an important role in realizing the principles of good governance, including transparency, accountability, and public participation. Thus, good government management can improve the quality of life of the community in general.  

The notary profession in Indonesia is experiencing a critical transformation driven by technological advancements, changing legal landscapes, and the imperative of modernization. This research comprehensively examines the current regulatory framework governing notaries, analyzing the multifaceted challenges and potential opportunities for substantive reform in the contemporary legal ecosystem.The study employs a mixed-method approach, integrating qualitative legal analysis, comparative research, and empirical investigation to provide a holistic understanding of the notary profession's evolving role. Through in-depth examination of existing regulations, stakeholder interviews, and comparative international perspectives, the research identifies key systemic barriers and innovative pathways for professional development.Critical findings reveal significant challenges, including technological adaptation gaps, regulatory inflexibility, and inconsistent professional standards. The research highlights the urgent need for a dynamic regulatory approach that balances traditional legal principles with emerging digital authentication technologies. Key opportunities emerge in areas such as blockchain-based document verification, comprehensive digital skills training, and adaptive professional development frameworks.The study proposes a comprehensive reformation strategy encompassing technological infrastructure development, professional skills enhancement, and regulatory modernization. Recommendations include establishing dedicated innovation units, implementing mandatory technology training programs, and creating flexible regulatory mechanisms that can rapidly respond to technological and professional landscape changes. By providing a nuanced analysis of the notary profession's current state and future potential, this research contributes critical insights to the discourse on legal professional modernization in Indonesia. The findings underscore the essential role of strategic, forward-looking reforms in ensuring the continued relevance, effectiveness, and integrity of notarial services in the digital era.

This article examines the example of Hannah's prayer based on the biblical text in 1 Samuel 1:10-20 and how her faith and hope can be an inspiration for Christian women in facing life's challenges. The study shows that through sincere prayer, faith, and hope, Hannah gained strength in overcoming severe personal struggles. Using a theological analysis approach, this article reveals the relevance of prayer as a form of devotion and trust in God, and identifies important principles drawn from Hannah's life to be applied in the lives of Christian women today.

Multicultural education in Indonesia is a response to the diversity of cultures, ethnicities, religions, and languages that exist in this country. This article discusses the paradigm of multicultural education based on Islamic Religious Education (PAI) as an approach to creating social harmony and increasing tolerance in a plural society. This approach integrates Islamic values with the principles of multiculturalism to create an educational environment that is inclusive, fair and respectful of differences. Thus, education can serve as a guideline for implementing the educational process in order to progress and become better.

This study examines the legal construction of the obligation to prepare  Academic Draft s in the process of forming regional regulations in Indonesia. Academic texts have a strategic role as a scientific and rational basis to ensure that the Regional Regulations produced are in accordance with the needs of the community, based on the principles of good regulation formation, and do not contradict higher legal norms. This study uses a normative juridical method with a statutory approach and conceptual analysis to identify the relevance, implementation, and challenges in the implementation of  Academic Draft  obligations. The results of the study show that the obligation to prepare  Academic Draft s has been regulated in laws and regulations, but its implementation is often faced with various obstacles, such as low technical understanding, limited budget allocation, and lack of expert involvement. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen regulations and increase institutional capacity to ensure a more participatory, transparent, and accountable process for the formation of regional regulations. This research is expected to contribute to the development of policies that support the formation of quality and responsive regional regulations to the needs of the community.

Bio-inspired engineering is a rapidly growing field that applies principles found in nature to develop innovative solutions in structural engineering, materials science, and robotics. This paper explores biomimicry in various disciplines, such as self-cleaning surfaces inspired by lotus leaves, energy-efficient building designs modeled after termite mounds, and ultra-lightweight yet durable materials inspired by spider silk. The study highlights the role of computational modeling in replicating biological structures and discusses the challenges of translating natural efficiencies into engineered systems. Additionally, this research examines the environmental impact of bio-inspired materials and their potential to replace conventional, resource-intensive materials in industries such as construction, aerospace, and biomedical engineering.

Higher education institutions play a critical role in advancing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by integrating global citizenship into the curriculum. This study examines the implementation of SDG-focused education, highlighting strategies for embedding global citizenship principles in higher education programs. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through literature analysis and case studies from various universities. The findings indicate that interdisciplinary collaboration, experiential learning, and digital technology integration enhance students' awareness and engagement with global challenges. The study underscores the importance of institutional policies and educator training in fostering SDG-oriented education. These insights contribute to the development of comprehensive frameworks for embedding global citizenship in higher education curricula, promoting responsible and ethical leadership for sustainable development.

The term cooperative is certainly familiar to us. If referring to Law No. 17 of 2012 article 1, a cooperative is defined as a legal entity established by an individual or a cooperative legal entity, with the separation of the wealth of its members as capital to run a business, which meets common aspirations and needs. In its implementation, cooperatives not only have goals, principles or principles, but also a foundation. As a unique business entity, cooperatives are different from other business entities. In this case, it can be seen from its membership, where cooperative members are known to have dual identities. Dual identity here means that cooperative members are owners and also users of cooperative services. Indonesian cooperatives are the identity of Indonesian business entities that are established on various foundations. The foundation of this cooperative includes ideal, constitutional, mental and operational foundations.   

Islamic finance is a financial system based on sharia principles, such as the prohibition of usury, gharar, and maysir, which emphasizes justice, financial inclusion, and sustainability. This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic finance in the revitalization of developing countries' economies, focusing on instruments such as sukuk, zakat, waqf, and microfinance. Through the literature study method, this study shows that Islamic finance is able to support infrastructure development, community empowerment, and reduction of social inequality. This study analyzes the role of Islamic finance in the revitalization of developing countries' economies through instruments such as sukuk, zakat, waqf, and microfinance. The results of the study show that Islamic finance is effective in supporting infrastructure development, community empowerment, and reduction of social inequality in countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, and Pakistan. However, its implementation still faces challenges, such as low Islamic financial literacy and limited regulations. The conclusion of the study confirms that Islamic finance has the potential to drive inclusive and sustainable economic growth if supported by increased literacy, regulatory harmonization, and expanded access to Islamic financial products.

This study aims to explain the linguistic approach, one of the methods used in Islamic teaching. One of the options in Islamic education is linguistics, which aims to investigate the principles of Islamic education before trying to offer meanings that are in line with the difficulties and developments of today's era. To build the main core covering the linguistic approach in Islamic education, this study uses a literature study technique, which involves collecting reference sources that are considered relevant to the research problem and then distributing them. The results of the study, language is a sound sign that is considered to reflect how human reason and emotion are perceived. Humans use this sound sign to validate their internal identity and their perception of the surrounding environment. To keep Islamic teachings in line with the current cycle of development and change, this study effectively shows the important function that language plays in articulating it. The noble and moderate teachings of Islam can be misinterpreted by linguists.

Educational management is an essential element in the management of educational institutions, including the effective and efficient arrangement of resources to achieve educational goals. This study examines Henry Fayol's management theory and its implementation in Islamic educational institutions. With a qualitative approach based on literature review, this study explores Fayol's five main management functions of planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling adapted according to Islamic values. The results of the study indicate that the application of Fayol's management principles can improve operational efficiency, strengthen the integration of Islamic values ​​in education, and create synergy between academic and spiritual aspects. Principles such as division of labor, authority and responsibility, discipline, unity of command, and unity of direction support the systematic and structured management of educational institutions. The adaptation of this theory in the context of Islamic education includes holistic strategic planning, organizing based on Islamic values, directing with moral leadership, coordination through deliberation, and control that focuses on achieving educational goals that include academic and spiritual aspects. This study concludes that the integration of Fayol's management theory with Islamic values ​​provides a comprehensive framework for managing Islamic educational institutions effectively and efficiently, while producing competent graduates with high moral integrity.

This study aims to examine the consumer behavior of teenagers in pagerbarang village in using ShopeePay and analyze it from the perspective of Islamic consumption ethics. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with twenty teenagers selected using the snowball sampling technique. The results indicate that consumer behavior is influenced by discounts, promotions, transaction convenience, and social pressure. Teenagers tend to make impulsive purchases driven by emotional needs and low financial literacy. From the perspective of Islamic consumption ethics, such behavior contradicts the principles of moderation (qanâ’ah) and prohibition of extravagance (israf). Teenagers often overlook these values due to social and technological influences that facilitate easy transactions. Therefore, increasing awareness of financial literacy and religious values is crucial to fostering more prudent consumer behavior.

This research aims to explore and reconstruct the legal protection policy for justice collaborators in corruption crimes in Indonesia. Although their existence is vital in combating corruption, many perpetrators are reluctant to come forward due to uncertainty in protection and the potential risks they face. Weaknesses in the existing policies, including a lack of transparency and adequate security guarantees, hinder perpetrators from collaborating with law enforcement. Therefore, this research identifies various challenges faced by justice collaborators and highlights the importance of comprehensive legal protection reform. This study offers recommendations for appropriate and effective legal protection efforts for justice collaborators in handling corruption cases. By analyzing protection practices in other countries and applying restorative justice principles, this research aims to provide solutions that not only protect justice collaborators but also enhance public trust in the justice system. It is hoped that the results of this research can contribute to formulating more effective and responsive policies to meet the protection needs of justice collaborators in Indonesia, encouraging more perpetrators to bravely come forward in the fight against corruption.

The history of the development of the Islamic economic system has undergone significant transformations from the time of the Prophet Muhammad SAW to the modern era. In the early period, the Islamic economic system was based on Qur'anic principles such as justice, transparency, and the prohibition of interest (riba). The Prophet Muhammad SAW established the foundations of the economy, which included the management of zakat, waqf, and market oversight. The era of the Khulafa' al-Rashidin continued these policies with the management of the baitul mal and economic expansion through ijtihad. During the Umayyad and Abbasid periods, the economic system became more complex with the introduction of Arabic currency and innovative tax management. In the modern era, Islamic economics has experienced a revival through its integration into academia and the implementation of Shariah   compliant financial institutions like Bank Muamalat.

This study investigates the use of administrative ethics to increase the professionalism of public services in the West Sumatra Provincial Government Social Service. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with stakeholders and surveys of staff and service users using mixed methods (qualitative and quantitative). Research shows that the application of administrative ethics principles such as transparency, accountability and fairness significantly increases the professionalism of the apparatus and the quality of public services. Integrity, public trust, and operational efficiency of agencies can be strengthened by a strong ethical culture. In addition, this research found that continuous training, improving operational standards, and the use of information technology can help overcome problems such as employees' lack of understanding of administrative ethics and weaknesses in supervisory systems. Policy recommendations are made to encourage public services that are more responsive, professional and in line with community expectations.  

Through a literature review, this research investigates how Islamic economic theory has contributed to the rationalisation of education in Indonesia. An integrative education system that harmonises material and spiritual aspects is built on the principles of justice, balance and benefit. Therefore, Islamic economic philosophy provides a framework for moral and spiritual education that produces morally and intellectually strong people. In order to deal with globalisation and create a generation that is grounded in moral principles and thinks logically, this application is essential. To incorporate Islamic economic philosophy into national education policy and create a globally competitive education system that preserves regional spiritual and cultural values, curriculum design, teacher training and stakeholder participation are necessary.

In the era of digitalization, strengthening national identity is important, with the concept of National Defense as the main strategy. Defending the Nation emphasizes the obligation of every citizen to maintain the country's defense and security, especially amidst the threat of digitalization which can change cultural values and national identity. This research aims to examine the role of the concept of National Defense in strengthening national identity and increasing public awareness of the importance of defending the country. By maintaining the principles of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika and Pancasila, defending the country becomes a means of protecting Indonesia's unity, culture and sovereignty in the digital era.

Mixed marriages raise several issues and have impacts related to legal relationships. Such as citizenship, marriage agreements, divorce issues, custody rights for children born in mixed marriages and inheritance rights for children arising from these marriages. This research uses a normative doctrinal approach. Because in concept this research is sourced from written norms. Therefore, the research is carried out through the analysis of laws and regulations related to inheritance rights for children who have been born from mixed marriages. Therefore, the study carried out is only “limited” to the (written) laws and regulations related to the object under study. The results show that children born from mixed marriages also have legal protection. The existence of universal citizenship principles contained in Law No. 12/2006 on citizenship, such as the principle of ius sanguinis; determining the citizenship of a child from his descendants; the principle of ius soli, determining the citizenship of the child from his birthplace; the principle of single citizenship, emphasizing that every child can only have one citizenship; and the principle of dual citizenship, providing dual citizenship for every child in accordance with the decision of the Act.  

This study conducts a pragmatic analysis of the dialogue between characters in Ernest Hemingway's "The Old Man and the Sea," utilizing Grice's Cooperative Principle as a theoretical framework. By examining the interactions between Santiago and Manolin, the research highlights how conversational maxims: Quality, Quantity, Relation, and Manner shape their communication. The analysis reveals that while both characters generally adhere to these principles, occasional deviations occur, reflecting their emotional connections and the complexities of their relationship. This investigation not only enhances understanding of the characters' dynamics but also underscores the broader implications of pragmatic theory in literary dialogue. Ultimately, the findings demonstrate that effective communication transcends mere information exchange, emphasizing the importance of fostering relationships and emotional understanding in human interactions.