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Equality in education and employment is an important foundation for realizing social justice as mandated by Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. Equality means that every individual has the same rights to access, treatment, and opportunities without discrimination based on gender, religion, ethnicity, social status, or physical condition. In education, equality is realized through equal access to learning facilities, an inclusive curriculum, and equal opportunities for all students to develop. Meanwhile, in the field of employment, equality includes fair opportunities in recruitment, promotion, training, and commensurate income. Education plays a strategic role in building awareness of equality by instilling the values ​​of empathy, tolerance, and social justice. A multicultural approach and inclusive education are key to shaping students who value diversity and reject discrimination. Although various policies have been implemented, such as the Smart Indonesia Card (KIP) and affirmative action programs for marginalized groups, challenges such as socio-economic inequality, discrimination, the digital divide, and weak policy implementation remain major obstacles. Therefore, comprehensive efforts are needed, encompassing policy reform, improving teacher quality, and implementing pluralism-based character education to create a just, inclusive, and equal Indonesian society.

Pediculus humanus capitis, according to the WHO, is classified as a skin disease and ectoparasite in the list of neglected tropical diseases. The cause can infect the scalp, leading to many children suffering from iron deficiency and anemia. Its spread occurs through shared items. Therefore, traditional insecticides such as srikaya seeds and kemiri seeds, which contain saponins and flavonoids capable of killing head lice, are required. The obective of this study is to determine the most effective concentration, compare their efficacy, and determine the killing time of both extracts. The experimental research method involved treatments at concentrations of 20%, 40%, and 60% with four repetitions. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of srikaya seed extract with kemiri seeds in terms of concentration and time on lice mortality, as shown by a two-way ANOVA test with a p-value of 0.000 (P<0.05). In the Tukey test, the average mortality rate for srikaya seeds was 4, and the average mortality rate for kemiri seeds was 3. The concentration of srikaya seed extract killed 50% of head lice LC50 at a dose of 0,14%, while the concentration of kemiri seed extract killed 50% of head lice at a dose of 0,28% with contact times of 30 and 60 minutes. This demonstrates that srikaya seed extract at a dose of 0,14% is effective in causing mortality in head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis)

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the STEM approach and the scientific approach in learning Trigonometry in terms of students’ mathematical problem-solving ability and self-efficacy. The research employed a quasi-experimental method with a nonequivalent comparison group design. The study population consisted of all Grade X MIPA students at MA Al-Ma’had An-Nur in the 2023/2024 academic year, with the sample taken from classes X MIPA 1 and X MIPA 2. Data collection instruments included pre-test and post-test assessments of mathematical problem-solving ability and a student self-efficacy questionnaire. Effectiveness criteria were based on post-test averages exceeding 75 for problem-solving ability and self-efficacy scores above 72, as well as improvements from pre-test results. Data were analyzed using the t-test at a 5% significance level to determine learning effectiveness in both groups. Differences in students’ initial conditions and treatment effects were examined using Hotelling’s T² and the N-Gain score test. An independent-sample t-test of N-Gain was used to compare the superiority between the two approaches. The results indicated that both the STEM and scientific approaches were effective in improving students’ mathematical problem-solving ability and self-efficacy. The STEM approach significantly influenced both variables and was superior in enhancing problem-solving ability, although not superior in improving students’ self-efficacy.

This study aims to analyze the effect of the use of Health Information Media in the form of leaflets on the level of patient knowledge about influenza in pharmacies Ngudi Waluyo, Ungaran. Leaflet Media is used as an educational tool to improve patient understanding related to influenza, including aspects of causes, symptoms, complications, and management and treatment. The type of research used is quasi experiment with pre-test and post-test design, involving 94 respondents who meet the inclusion criteria. Data analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon statistical test to determine the difference in the level of knowledge of patients before and after education. The results showed a significant increase in the level of knowledge of patients after obtaining education using leaflets. Before being given education, respondents with a good knowledge level category were 56.7%, and increased to 96.8% after providing education, with a value of p = 0.001 (p < 0.05) which showed a significant difference between the two measurements. Thus, the Health Information media in the form of leaflets proved effective in increasing patient knowledge about influenza and can be used as an alternative educational media that is simple, practical, and efficient in supporting pharmaceutical services in pharmaceutical service facilities.

Infertility affects approximately 8–12% of couples worldwide, with male factors contributing to nearly half of all cases. Varicocelectomy, particularly the microsurgical subinguinal technique, is now considered the primary treatment that provides superior reproductive outcomes compared to conventional or laparoscopic approaches. To evaluate and compare fertility outcomes and recurrence risks between microsurgical and conventional inguinal varicocelectomy, based on recent evidence from 2020 to 2025. Methods A systematic review was conducted using databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Out of 371 identified articles, 9 studies met the inclusion criteria. Results, most studies demonstrated that the microsurgical technique significantly improved sperm concentration, motility, and morphology, as well as higher natural pregnancy rates. The risks of hydrocele and recurrence were also markedly lower than those observed with laparoscopy. The average postoperative sperm count increased by 7.7 ± 4.5 million/mL (p< 0.001). Furthermore, the microsurgical subinguinal approach allows for more precise identification of arteries and lymphatic vessels, thereby minimizing vascular injury and facilitating faster recovery. Conclusion, the microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy has proven to be more effective and safer than conventional approaches. This technique significantly enhances semen parameters and pregnancy rates, while reducing the risk of hydrocele formation and recurrence.

The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in routine blood in COVID-19 suspected patients who were confirmed positive and negative who were treated at the Emergency Room of Sultan Suriansyah Hospital Banjarmasin in the period January-June 2022. This study used naso-oropharyngeal swab samples for RT-PCR examination of COVID-19 and hematology analyzer for routine blood tests. This type of research is an analytic survey research with a comparative design. The population of this study were suspected patients admitted to the emergency room with a total sample size of 196 patients who performed RT-PCR tests and performed routine blood tests at the beginning of the treatment period using purposive sampling method. Routine blood results in positive patients mostly obtained leukocytes at normal limits 64.1%, neutrophilia 59.0%, lymphopenia 64.1% increased NLR 66.7% and platelets at normal limits 56.4%. While in negative patients, leukocytes were obtained at normal limits of 46.6%, neutrophilia 61.0%, lymphopenia 61.0% increased NLR 73.7% and platelets at normal limits 64.4.4%. Based on the results of the unpaired T-test statistical test, it is known that there are significant differences between positive and negative patients, namely in the parameters of leukocytes sig. 0.028, neutrophils sig. 0.043 and platelets sig. 0,005. From the results of the unpaired t-test statistical test on routine blood between positive and negative COVID-19 patients, it was found that there were significant differences in the parameters of leukocytes, neutrophils and platelets, while those that were not different were the parameters of lymphocytes and NLR.

Low Birth Weight (LBW) infants are among the leading causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality in Indonesia. This condition is associated with the immaturity of organ systems, including thermoregulation and respiratory function, making infants prone to stress, hypothermia, and oxygenation problems. One nursing intervention that helps improve physiological stability is the nesting technique, which positions the baby similarly to the intrauterine condition using soft rolled cloths as a “nest.” This case study aimed to determine the effect of nesting on oxygen saturation and pulse frequency changes in LBW infants in the perinatology room of RSUD Batang. The design used a descriptive case study with a nursing process approach involving 5 LBW infants who met inclusion criteria. The intervention was carried out by applying nesting for 30 minutes, then measuring oxygen saturation and pulse rate before and after the intervention using a pulse oximeter. The results showed an increase in oxygen saturation and changes in pulse rate after nesting. The mean oxygen saturation before intervention was 94%, increasing to 98% after three days of treatment. The average pulse rate increased from 130 beats/minute to 136 beats/minute, remaining within normal physiological limits (120–160 bpm). This indicates improved comfort and physiological stability due to the flexed position during nesting, which reduces stress and enhances oxygen efficiency. In conclusion, the nesting technique effectively improves oxygen saturation and stabilizes pulse rate in LBW infants. It is recommended as an evidence-based nursing practice for promoting comfort and physiological stability in premature or LBW infants in perinatology units.    

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by Doratoon animation videos on students’ conceptual understanding in Social Studies for eighth-grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Sengah Temila. This research employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental method with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The population in this study consisted of all eighth-grade students, with two classes selected as samples using a purposive sampling technique. The experimental class was taught using the PBL model assisted by Doratoon animation videos, while the control class used Canva media. The research instrument was a multiple-choice test consisting of 20 questions administered before and after the treatment to measure students’ conceptual understanding. The data analysis results showed that the average N-Gain score of the experimental class was 21.6% (low category), while the control class scored 22.6% (low category). The independent sample t-test yielded a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant difference between the experimental and control classes. Therefore, the Problem-Based Learning model assisted by Doratoon animation videos was proven to be more effective than Canva media in improving students’ conceptual understanding in Social Studies. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for teachers in applying innovative learning media to support more interactive and meaningful learning.

Background: Oral health is an important indicator of overall health, well-being, and quality of life. According to the WHO, oral health is a state of freedom from various diseases and conditions, including dental and oral diseases that limit an individual's ability to bite, chew, smile, speak, and psychosocial well-being. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain oral hygiene as an effort to improve oral health. Case report: A 45-year-old man came to Soelastri General Hospital complaining of a large cavity in his upper left tooth. The tooth had been painful for about a year and had not undergone any treatment.Extraoral examination revealed a symmetrical face. Clinical examination of the maxillary left first premolar revealed a large cavity on the distoocclusal surface with pulpal depth. Discussion: Perforations can be treated through cavity access; the prognosis depends on the elimination and prevention of infection in the perforation area and the choice of material. The success of perforation closure management is influenced by several factors, including the timing of perforation closure, the choice of material used, the location of the perforation, and adequate perforation closure. Conclusion: Case of maxillary left premolar with diagnosis of pulp necrosis which experienced lateral perforation and the area was closed using MTA, then root canal treatment.

Low back pain is a discomforting condition that can cause various disorders and potentially disrupt a person's quality of life, such as causing decreased work productivity. Therefore, it is important for the community, especially farmers in Bulakrejo Hamlet, Ngawi Regency. To improve understanding of low back pain, efforts are needed to expand farmers' knowledge regarding this condition, including its definition, prevention, and treatment in Bulakrejo Hamlet. The method applied was providing physiotherapy education through health promotion about low back pain using leaflets as a medium for information delivery. A question and answer session was also conducted to measure the level of understanding of farmers in Bulakrejo Hamlet and provide exercises that can address problems of weakness, stiffness, limitations and pain in the back muscles. The activity ran smoothly and the material was easily understood by farmers in Bulakrejo Hamlet. Evaluation results showed an increase in farmers' knowledge, from 40% to 90%. The extension activity proved effective in increasing farmers' understanding of low back pain cases.

Mimosine is an aromatic amino acid found in Mimosa pudica L. (sensitive plant) and is known to possess toxic properties that can damage various organs, including the kidneys. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ethanolic root extract of Mimosa pudica on renal damage in mice (Mus musculus). Twelve mice were divided into four groups: a control group and three treatment groups that received ethanolic root extract of M. pudica at doses of 10 mg/mouse/14 days, 100 mg/mouse/14 days, and 1000 mg/mouse/14 days. Following treatment, the mice were dissected to measure serum creatinine levels as an indicator of renal function, and histopathological observations of kidney tissues were performed using Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. The results revealed that administration of the ethanolic root extract of M. pudica significantly increased serum creatinine levels (P < 0.05), indicating impaired renal filtration function. Histologically, several types of tissue damage were observed, including glomerular atrophy, hydropic degeneration, and cellular necrosis, with hydropic degeneration being the most predominant and glomerular atrophy the least frequent. These findings suggest that mimosine, an active compound in M. pudica roots, exhibits a dose-dependent nephrotoxic effect, where increasing extract concentrations exacerbate renal tissue damage. Therefore, caution is advised in the medicinal use of M. pudica, as despite its pharmacological potential, high-dose or prolonged exposure may pose a serious risk of renal dysfunction.         

This activity aims to analyze the effectiveness of waste management in optimizing production costs in the Giriloyo Batik industry, located in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. As a center for traditional batik production, Giriloyo faces environmental challenges due to the liquid waste generated from the dyeing process. This community service activity introduced hybrid constructed wetland technology as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective solution. Methods used included field observations, interviews with local artisans, and a comparative cost analysis before and after system implementation. The results showed a 30% reduction in monthly waste management costs and a significant improvement in wastewater quality, in accordance with environmental standards. Furthermore, this program increased community awareness and participation in sustainable production practices. Effective waste management not only reduces operational costs but also strengthens the long-term environmental responsibility of the small-scale batik industry. By integrating technology with community involvement, the program provides a sustainable model for waste management in similar artisanal sectors, contributing to both economic and environmental benefits.

Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness that requires long-term treatment and carries a high risk of recurrence. The recovery process for patients relies not only on medical intervention, but also requires optimal involvement and support from their families. The presence of a supportive family is believed to strengthen patient motivation and contribute positively to their psychological well-being. This study aims to identify the relationship between family support and relapse rates in schizophrenia patients undergoing treatment at the Aceh Mental Hospital Polyclinic. This study uses a correlational design with a Cross-Sectional method. Through Accidental Sampling, 114 samples were selected from a population of 3,233 individuals. Data collection took place between April 14 and 28, 2025, using a questionnaire focused on family support and relapse rates. To analyze the relationship between the two variables, a Chi-Square statistical test was applied. The main findings of the study show that aspects of family support in general (p=0.000), informational support (p=0.000), appreciative support (p=0.000), instrumental support (p=0.001), and emotional support (p=0.002) are correlated with the recurrence rate of patients. Based on the analysis of the results, it can be concluded that there is a correlation between family support and the recurrence of schizophrenia patients at the Aceh Mental Hospital Polyclinic. The practical implications of this research are expected to serve as a reference for the families of schizophrenia patients to increase their understanding and activity in providing support, including consulting with mental health professionals as an effort to prevent possible recurrence.

Background: Central Sulawesi has experienced a high frequency of natural disasters, with 111 recorded incidents in 2023 and 238 in 2022. The province was also designated as a high-risk disaster area in 2021. Blood pressure and cholesterol screenings are essential tools for diagnosing diseases, identifying risk factors, tracking disease progression, and assessing the effectiveness of treatments. Objective: This initiative aimed to provide free health screenings and offer basic food assistance to the community. Methods: The screenings were conducted in Wombo Village, Tanantovea District, Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi. Results: The community health screenings revealed that the majority of adults and elderly participants had normal blood pressure and cholesterol levels. However, 5 individuals were found to have high blood pressure, while 20 participants exhibited normal levels. Additionally, 25 individuals had normal cholesterol levels. Conclusion: The screening results indicated that while most participants were in good health, a small percentage had elevated blood pressure, which warrants further attention. This initiative successfully provided free healthcare services and essential food support to the community.

Background: Central Sulawesi has experienced a high frequency of natural disasters, with 111 recorded incidents in 2023 and 238 in 2022. The province was also designated as a high-risk disaster area in 2021. Blood pressure and cholesterol screenings are essential tools for diagnosing diseases, identifying risk factors, tracking disease progression, and assessing the effectiveness of treatments. Objective: This initiative aimed to provide free health screenings and offer basic food assistance to the community. Methods: The screenings were conducted in Wombo Village, Tanantovea District, Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi. Results: The community health screenings revealed that the majority of adults and elderly participants had normal blood pressure and cholesterol levels. However, 5 individuals were found to have high blood pressure, while 20 participants exhibited normal levels. Additionally, 25 individuals had normal cholesterol levels. Conclusion: The screening results indicated that while most participants were in good health, a small percentage had elevated blood pressure, which warrants further attention. This initiative successfully provided free healthcare services and essential food support to the community.

This study aims to examine the relationship between family support and quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus at the Srandakan Health Center, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that has a significant impact on the physical, psychological, social, and environmental aspects of the patient. The increasing prevalence of DM, especially in the elderly population in Indonesia, demands a more effective and holistic management strategy. Family support has an important role in improving self-care behaviors and adherence to treatment, which has a direct impact on patients' quality of life. This study uses a quantitative correlational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. An independent variable is family support measured through informational, emotional, instrumental, and appreciative dimensions. Dependent variables are quality of life that include physical, psychological, social, and environmental aspects. The study population consisted of DM patients who visited the Srandakan Health Center. The results of the study are expected to show that supportive family involvement contributes positively to improving the quality of life of patients. These findings provide theoretical and practical implications for the development of nursing care and public health programs, particularly in the context of chronic diseases. This research also emphasizes the importance of comprehensive education and community participation in strengthening the role of the family as the main support system in the management of diabetes mellitus.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Personal Branding, Media Sosial, dan Kepercayaan Konsumen terhadap Keputusan Pembelian, dengan Kepuasan Konsumen sebagai variabel mediasi, pada pengguna layanan treatment di Klinik Eva Mulia Cabang Galaxy, Kota Bekasi. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis model persamaan struktural (SEM) berbasis Partial Least Square (PLS). Hasil pengujian model struktural (inner model) menunjukkan bahwa nilai R Square pada variabel Kepuasan Konsumen sebesar 0,515 dan Keputusan Pembelian sebesar 0,519, yang berarti model mampu menjelaskan sekitar 51% variasi pada masing-masing variabel dependen. Pengujian path coefficients menunjukkan bahwa variabel Kepercayaan Konsumen berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian (T = 7,263; p < 0,05) dan Kepuasan Konsumen (T = 5,591; p < 0,05). Sementara itu, Media Sosial juga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen (T = 6,244; p < 0,05), namun tidak signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian secara langsung (T = 1,814; p = 0,070). Variabel Personal Branding tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan baik terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen maupun Keputusan Pembelian secara langsung. Uji pengaruh tidak langsung menunjukkan bahwa Kepuasan Konsumen memediasi secara signifikan hubungan antara Kepercayaan Konsumen dan Keputusan Pembelian, serta antara Media Sosial dan Keputusan Pembelian. Namun, tidak ditemukan efek mediasi signifikan antara Personal Branding dan Keputusan Pembelian. Hasil ini menekankan pentingnya peran Kepercayaan Konsumen dan Media Sosial dalam membentuk Kepuasan Konsumen yang pada akhirnya meningkatkan Keputusan Pembelian, sementara Personal Branding tidak memiliki peran yang kuat dalam model ini. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi strategis dalam pengelolaan pemasaran dan layanan konsumen di industri klinik kecantikan.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that not only causes physical disorders, but also has an impact on the patient's psychological condition, especially increased stress levels. Unmanaged stress can worsen medical conditions, decrease adherence to treatment, and negatively impact the patient's quality of life. Social support is known to have an important role as a protective factor in helping patients cope with psychological burden. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between social support and stress levels in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The research design used was descriptive correlation with a cross-sectional approach, involving [number of respondents] patients selected with the [mention sampling technique]. The research instrument used a validated social support questionnaire and stress scale. The data were analyzed by the Pearson/Spearman correlation test according to the data distribution. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between social support and stress levels in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (p < 0.05), with a negative correlation direction, which means that the higher the social support received by the patient, the lower the level of stress experienced. These findings confirm the importance of the role of family, health workers, and the social environment in supporting patients to manage stress and improve quality of life. This study recommends the need for social support-based interventions in diabetes management programs in health services.

The addition of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) extract which contains antioxidants into pasteurized milk is expected to increase the intake of antioxidants in the body. This research was conducted to evaluate the effect on pH, color, organoleptic chracteristic, and antioxidant activity of pasteurized milk. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The results of this study showed that increasing concentration of extract decreased pH, brightness, redness and yellowness. P3 was the most preferred treatment according to sensory evaluation. The antioxidant activity increased proportionally with extract concentration, reflected in decreasing IC50 values from 116.54 ppm (P0) to 19.06 ppm (P4). These findings indicate that the enrichment of pasteurized milk with butterfly pea extract effectively enhances its antioxidant capability while maintaining favorable sensory properties, particularly at moderate extract concentrations.

Mung bean sprout husk is waste with promising nutritive value (crude protein 14%, Total Digestible Nutrients 64.58%, moisture 63.35%) and, due to its high moisture, is suitable for processing via feed-wafer technology. This study aimed to evaluate the physical quality and identify the best storage duration of complete wafers formulated with mung bean sprout husk. A completely randomized design with four treatment levels (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%) and three replicates was used. Organoleptic traits were described descriptively, while physical traits density, water absorption, impact resistance, and wafer durability index (WDI) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (α = 0.05). Supplementation of mung bean sprout husk significantly affected density and water absorption (P < 0.05), with the 30% treatment achieving the highest density (0.57 g·cm⁻³) and water absorption (83.0%), both superior to the control (P < 0.05). In contrast, impact resistance (99.1%) and WDI (85.8%) did not differ among treatments (P > 0.05). Overall, the 30% supplementation delivered the best physical quality and the best storage duration among the tested formulations.