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The Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata/KKN) implemented in Jorong Padang Rantang, Nagari Koto Tuo, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, represents a tangible contribution of university students in supporting the acceleration of stunting reduction at the local level. This community service activity focused on stunting prevention socialization targeting mothers of toddlers as the primary target group. An educational and participatory approach was employed to encourage active engagement of participants throughout all stages of the activity. The socialization materials covered the definition of stunting, its causes and impacts on child growth and development, the importance of adequate and balanced nutrition, appropriate parenting practices, and the strategic role of families during the First 1,000 Days of Life (1,000 HPK).The implementation of the activity involved cadres from the Amanah Bunda Integrated Health Post (Posyandu), village midwives, and KKN students from Universitas Negeri Padang as facilitators. The methods applied included interactive lectures, group discussions, and simple simulations related to nutritional practices and healthy parenting. The results indicated an increase in participants’ knowledge, awareness, and active community participation in early stunting prevention efforts. Furthermore, the activity strengthened the role of the Posyandu as a primary center for basic health services and community education. This community service initiative is expected to serve as a sustainable community-based intervention model that can be replicated in other areas facing similar challenges.

This article examines the implications of parental verbal violence on the socio-emotional development of early childhood aged 3–6 years. The study was conducted through an extensive literature review supported by general field observations in community settings. The purpose of this research is to describe the phenomenon of verbal violence experienced by young children, analyze its effects on their emotional security, self-confidence, and social adaptation, and identify contributing factors from both the family environment and parental characteristics. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, relevant books, journal articles, and institutional reports were synthesized to construct a comprehensive understanding of how negative communication patterns shape children’s socio-emotional development. The findings indicate that verbal violence such as yelling, scolding, insulting, labeling, and threatening can disrupt children’s emotional regulation, lower their self-esteem, and hinder their ability to interact positively with peers. Repeated exposure to harsh language also increases the risk of anxiety, aggression, and social withdrawal. Conversely, positive, supportive, and empathetic parental communication fosters emotional resilience, empathy, and healthy social behavior. This article highlights the urgent need for parents, educators, and communities to strengthen awareness regarding the harmful impact of verbal violence and to promote nurturing communication practices that support the holistic development of young children.

This research at TPA Siti Hajar aims to determine the impact of democratic parenting on the creativity of early childhood aged 4-5 years. The study found that 80% of respondents demonstrated good assessment results, while 20% achieved excellent grades. Democratic parenting, observed in this study, plays a significant role in fostering independence and confidence in children. This type of parenting is ideal for educating children, as it promotes responsibility, leadership, independence, and the ability to build healthy interpersonal relationships. Creativity, as defined in the study, is the ability to generate new ideas, solve problems, and produce innovative products. Using a quantitative approach with an experimental method, the research involved 10 out of 15 children from TPA Siti Hajar. Data was collected through observation and interviews. The results showed a significant correlation between democratic parenting and the development of children's creativity. Children exposed to democratic parenting exhibited increased independence and creativity, adapting well to their school environment. The study concludes that democratic parenting significantly influences early childhood creativity, fostering a safe and supportive space for children to thrive. This positive influence encourages independence while maintaining clear, consistent boundaries, which enhances their creative and developmental stages.

This study aims to describe the application of SOLO Taxonomy-based early childhood development assessment instruments at Al-Huda Kindergarten in Gorontalo City. The research approach uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The focus of the research includes teachers' understanding of the assessment instruments, the filling process, and the suitability of the instrument application with the principles of SOLO Taxonomy. The results show that the school has implemented four assessment instruments, namely anecdotal notes, checklists, work results, and serial photos as part of formative assessment. In general, the assessment implementation was in line with the children's development, but there was a discrepancy in the use of anecdotal notes, which should have been written one sheet per child but were used for several children at once, thereby reducing the accuracy of the children's development data. The SOLO Taxonomy helped teachers classify the level of complexity of children's understanding from pre-structural to extended abstract, making the assessment more meaningful. This study emphasizes the importance of applying appropriate and individualized assessment instruments so that information on child development is more accurate and can be used to design appropriate follow-up learning activities.

This study aims to determine and describe the use of the drill method in developing the independence of children aged 5-6 years in PAUD Dermawan, Hasahatan Julu Village. In obtaining data in the study, the author applies qualitative research through data obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis used is data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that: 1.) the independence of children in PAUD Dermawan has generally developed well. Most children have shown the ability to be responsible, confident, have a social soul, are able to interact and cooperate with their peers, and have initiative. However, there are still some children who need more attention from teachers in independence, especially in terms of self-confidence and the ability to take initiative 2.) Efforts made by teachers in using the drill method to develop the independence of children in PAUD Dermawan, namely: 1. Association, 2. Delivering goals, 3. Motivation, 4. Conducting exercises, 5. Evaluation, 7. Follow-up. 3.) The learning activities used by teachers to develop children's independence at Dermawan Early Childhood Education Center include coloring, writing, playing snakes and ladders, and even creating artwork such as professional hats.

This study aims to analyze the influence of parental roles on fulfilling the nutritional needs of children aged 3–4 years at the Asmaul Husna Daycare (TPA) in Gorontalo. The study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach and involved 60 parents as respondents. The role of parents was measured through their active involvement as educators, motivators, and facilitators in fulfilling children's nutritional needs. The results showed that 80% of children whose parents played an active role had good nutritional status based on normal weight for age and height for age indicators. Conversely, in the group of less active parents, only 36% of children achieved good nutritional status. The Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between parental roles and children's nutritional status (p < 0.05). The table data shows a clear disparity, with 32 well-nourished children coming from the active role group, while 14 children with poor nutritional status came from the passive role group. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring dietary patterns, providing nutritious supplies, and collaboration between parents and the TPA in reducing the risk of malnutrition and stunting. Furthermore, parental involvement contributes to improved immunity, cognitive development, and the formation of long-term healthy eating habits. This study recommends holding nutrition workshops for parents as part of a sustainable TPA program.

Moral education is the core of Islamic teachings that emphasize the formation of noble character in human relationships with Allah SWT and with others. The phenomenon of moral deterioration that occurs in society, such as promiscuity, juvenile criminality, violence, and the loss of manners towards parents and teachers, shows the urgency of systematic moral education. This research aims to examine the content and content of the book Akhlak Lil Banin by Sheikh Umar bin Ahmad Baraja' and the strategy of the moral education concept contained in it. The research method used is a literature study with a qualitative-descriptive approach through content analysis. The results of the study show that Lil Banin's book of Morals contains fundamental moral values, including ethics with parents, manners with teachers, speaking ethics, honesty and trust, responsibility, and manners of eating and drinking. The moral education strategy in this book includes moral development towards Allah SWT, oneself, parents, teachers, fellow humans, the environment, and in all life circumstances. Thus, Lil Banin's book of Morals is not only a moral guideline for children and adolescents, but also relevant as a reference for character education in the modern era that is full of moral challenges.

This study aims to analyze the influence of parental communication skills on the self-confidence of kindergarten children using a quantitative approach. The background of this research is rooted in the essential role of effective parental communication in shaping the psychosocial development of children, particularly in fostering self-confidence, which is crucial for children's social and academic success. The research sample consisted of parents and kindergarten children selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires designed to measure parental communication patterns and children's levels of self-confidence. Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics, including simple linear regression to examine the relationship and effect of parental communication skills on children's self-confidence. The results reveal that positive, supportive communication skills characterized by democratic communication patterns have a significant positive effect on increasing children's self-confidence. Effective and empathetic communication creates a conducive environment for children to express themselves, boosting their self-esteem and social-emotional potential. The study concludes that enhancing parental communication skills is a vital strategy for family guidance and early childhood education to optimally support the development of children's self-confidence.

Parents act as early educators entrusted with guiding, nurturing, and caring for their children. Their influence is crucial from the outset, as they substantially shape their children's character and disposition. The way parents parent their children can significantly enhance their overall development, as their methods significantly influence their children's social and emotional maturity. To foster healthy maturation and ensure their children's social integration, parents need to thoroughly understand the intricacies of their children's social and emotional development. Parents are the first teachers responsible for teaching, nurturing, and raising their children. Parental involvement is crucial. This study aims to examine the significance of parenting strategies employed by mothers and fathers and the extent to which these strategies shape their children's social and emotional development. The results of this study identified three distinct categories of parenting tactics commonly employed by mothers and fathers in raising their children: indulgent, dictatorial, and collaborative. Each of these parenting approaches exerts a unique influence on children's social and emotional maturation. The main difference lies in the observation that dictatorial and indulgent parenting approaches typically produce less beneficial results than collaborative parenting approaches, which typically produce more beneficial results. Therefore, it is recommended that mothers and fathers adopt a collaborative parenting approach when raising their children.

This study aims to analyze the change in word choice in Indonesian children's songs from the classical to modern times as a reflection of the shift in the social environment in the digital era. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a content analysis method on eight children's songs, consisting of four classic songs by A. T. Mahmud and four popular modern songs on digital platforms such as YouTube. The results showed that classical songs highlight concrete and local vocabulary that describe children's closeness to nature, family, and moral values, while modern songs are dominated by global, repetitive, and phonetic vocabulary that reflect the influence of globalization and the digital lifestyle of today's children. In addition, modern songs tend to contain simple expressions that are easy to remember, but have minimal educational value compared to classical songs that are more loaded with moral messages. This shift shows that the language in children's songs not only serves as a medium of entertainment, but also reflects the changing social and cultural values of Indonesian society. Therefore, the study of children's song language is important to understand the dynamics of popular cultural development that affects the process of character formation of the younger generation.

Dancing as an outdoor activity significantly impacts the social and emotional skills of young children. They learn to express their emotions, work together in groups, and increase their self-confidence and empathy through dance activities. Several studies have shown that participating in dance activities can also help children manage their emotions, enhance social interactions, and improve their communication skills. Developmentally appropriate dance programs can positively impact their social and emotional development. Early children's ability to manage their own emotions is part of their emotional developmental maturation during the transition from the preoperational to the concrete operational stage. Early children's ability to manage their emotions is part of their emotional developmental maturation during the transition from the preoperational to the concrete operational stage. The ability to manage their own emotions can be seen in their ability to utilize their emotions positively, regulate their emotions according to their circumstances, and appropriately protect themselves from experiencing unhealthy emotions.

This study aims to analyze the forms of collaboration between teachers and parents in following up on the results of observational assessments of early childhood self-regulation development. The study employs a qualitative approach with a case study design in a non-formal early childhood education (PAUD) setting. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and analysis of assessment documents. The findings indicate that observational assessment serves as an initial foundation for identifying children’s abilities to manage emotions and behavior. The assessment results are then followed up through collaborative practices in the form of regular communication, exchange of information regarding children’s development, and agreements on guidance strategies between teachers and parents. The role of parents is evident in the consistent implementation of guidance strategies at home, aligned with the stimulation provided by teachers at school. This alignment of roles has been shown to strengthen children’s self-regulation development, particularly in impulse control, behavioral regulation, and the ability to follow rules. The study emphasizes that structured and continuous teacher–parent collaboration is a key factor in the effectiveness of follow-up actions based on observational assessment results in supporting early childhood social-emotional development.

Children under two years old (Baduta) are vulnerable to nutritional problems due to their rapid growth and development phase. Supplementary feeding (PMT) using locally sourced foods is an effort that can support adequate nutritional intake during this period. This community service activity aimed to increase mothers' knowledge regarding the importance of PMT and the introduction of nutritious local food ingredients that are easily accessible. The activity was conducted in Lawata Village, Kolaka Utara Regency, involving 30 mothers with Baduta. The method used was educational counseling and interactive discussion covering the definition, benefits, timing of supplementary feeding, and examples of local nutritious foods such as fish, eggs, tempeh, legumes, vegetables, and tubers. The results showed an improvement in participants' understanding of appropriate supplementary feeding practices. Mothers also expressed willingness to apply the knowledge gained in daily feeding practices at home. This program is expected to increase family awareness of balanced nutrition and encourage the use of local food sources to support optimal child growth and nutritional status improvement.

The rapid growth of the digital era significantly reduces children's physical activity, thus having an impact on decreasing gross and fine motor development in elementary school-age children. The habit of excessive use of gadgets causes children to tend to be passive and less involved in structured movement activities. Fundamental Movement Skills (FMS), as the basis of motor competence which includes locomotor, non-locomotor, and manipulative skills, shows increasingly less than optimal development in early childhood and school age. This study examines the contribution of FMS to children's motor development and evaluates the effectiveness of FMS-based learning media, especially modified snake and ladder games, in improving students' basic movement skills. The study used a descriptive-correlational quantitative design involving 40 students aged 6–9 years who were selected through purposive sampling techniques. Data collection was carried out using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) instrument, structured observation rubrics, and supporting documentation. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation tests to see the relationships between variables. The findings of this research are expected to be the basis for the development of more innovative, adaptive, and fun physical education programs to support children's motor development in the midst of the challenges of the digital era.

Early childhood education is an important foundation in character building, because the golden age is a period when physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional development occurs very rapidly, requiring planned and continuous stimulation. One effort that can be made is through the implementation of G7KAIH activities, which is a program of seven positive habits designed to instill the values of independence, discipline, cooperation, cleanliness, and responsibility from an early age. This study aims to describe the implementation of G7KAIH as a strategy for character development in early childhood at Sartika Kindergarten. The method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of semi-structured interviews with teachers directly involved in the program implementation. The results show that G7KAIH has been integrated into daily routines, although it is still in its early stages and does not yet have standard operating procedures. The children's responses varied; some were enthusiastic, but others still needed guidance due to differences in their social-emotional development. The obstacles that arose were related to the children's understanding and the limitations of the implementation guidelines, but these could be overcome through motivation and a variety of activities. Overall, G7KAIH made a positive contribution, especially to the children's independence and discipline.

This study aims to analyze the relationship between authoritarian parenting and early childhood creativity. Creativity is an important aspect of child development because it plays a role in shaping the ability to think, solve problems, and express ideas freely. However, the process of creativity development is often influenced by parenting styles at home. Authoritarian parenting is known as a parenting style that tends to be rigid, full of control, and demands obedience without providing space for children to express their opinions. This study used a quantitative approach with a correlational design involving children aged 4–6 years and their parents. Data were obtained through parenting questionnaires and observations of children's creativity. The results showed a negative relationship between authoritarian parenting and creativity. The higher the level of authoritarianism applied, the lower the child's creativity. This finding emphasizes the importance of more open parenting for optimal development of children's creativity.

Malnutrition among early childhood remains a critical issue that hinders Indonesia’s efforts to realize its Golden Generation. This study aims to describe the current condition of child malnutrition, its impacts, contributing factors, and strategies for prevention involving families, communities, health workers, early childhood education institutions, and the government. This paper uses a literature review method by examining scientific sources related to nutrition, early childhood development, and governmental policies. The findings indicate that severe malnutrition significantly affects children’s physical, cognitive, socio-emotional development, and long-term health. Contributing factors include low nutritional literacy, inadequate parenting practices, poor sanitation, recurrent infections, economic limitations, and suboptimal implementation of nutrition programs. Effective prevention requires an integrated, multisectoral approach involving nutrition education, growth monitoring, improved access to nutritious food, and strengthened interventions during the First 1000 Days of Life. Sustainable collaboration across sectors is essential to reduce malnutrition rates and support the development of a healthy and competitive future generation.

Childhood obesity has become an increasingly significant health and education problem in various countries, including Indonesia, influenced by unhealthy eating patterns, lifestyle changes, and low nutritional literacy within families. This article aims to examine the lack of balanced nutrition in obese early childhood from the perspective of family education as part of non-formal education. The research method used is a literature review by reviewing national and international literature related to nutrition, child growth and development, and the increasing trend of obesity. The results show that obesity has physical, cognitive, psychological, and social impacts that can hinder a child's holistic development. Parents play a crucial role in establishing healthy eating habits, monitoring food consumption, and fostering an active lifestyle. Improving nutritional literacy within families, synergizing with early childhood education institutions, and supporting public health policies are considered crucial to preventing the long-term risk of obesity. Therefore, family education about balanced nutrition is a crucial strategy in supporting optimal growth and development and creating a healthy and competitive generation of early childhood children.

This study examines the increasing prevalence of premarital sexual behavior among Indonesian adolescents, including Catholic youths, which poses a significant challenge to the moral formation and faith development promoted by the Catholic Church. Using a qualitative method with a literature study approach, this research analyzes the phenomenon of adolescent free sex from the perspective of Catholic moral theology and family pastoral care. The findings reveal that the rise of free sexual behavior among adolescents is strongly influenced by curiosity, fragmented family structures, weak value-based sexual education, and the unregulated use of digital media. Moral theology views sexuality as a divine gift whose authentic meaning is realized only within the sacramental bond of marriage; therefore, premarital sex is considered a deviation from human dignity and the true nature of love. The study also highlights the essential role of the family as the Domestic Church in shaping conscience, character, and responsible sexual attitudes among youths. Pastoral strategies proposed include integral sexual education, strengthening parent–child communication in the digital age, and contextual pastoral accompaniment rooted in compassion, as emphasized in Amoris Laetitia. This research underscores the need for collaborative efforts between families, the Church, and educational institutions to guide young people toward a holistic understanding of sexuality, authentic love, and their Christian vocation in contemporary society.  

Early Childhood Education (PAUD) honorary teachers in West Sumatra face serious welfare challenges, with incomes far below the Provincial Minimum Wage (UMP). This condition affects work motivation, limits access to professional development, and reduces the quality of early childhood education services. This study aims to analyze the current welfare conditions of PAUD honorary teachers, identify the factors contributing to low welfare, and offer strategic solutions involving the government, PAUD institutions, the community, and the teachers themselves. This research employed a literature review method by examining scientific journals, educational department reports, statistical data, government regulations, and supporting theories such as Human Capital and Work Motivation. The findings indicate that low welfare is caused by limited regional government budgets, reliance on parental fees, weak legal status of PAUD teachers, limited certification opportunities, and insufficient CSR and community support. Recommended solutions include increasing government funding, expanding ASN/PPPK recruitment opportunities, strengthening institutional management, collaborating with private sectors, and enhancing teacher competence through continuous training. In conclusion, improving the welfare of PAUD teachers is an urgent step to strengthen the quality of early childhood education services and support the achievement of national education goals from an early age.