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Learning based on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is an effective strategy for sharpening children's intelligence in elementary schools. HOTS questions are designed to train students' critical, analytical, and creative thinking skills, enabling them to solve problems independently. This article discusses the basic concepts of HOTS questions, strategies for their implementation in learning, and their benefits in improving children's comprehension quality. Several effective strategies in HOTS-based learning include using challenging questions, problem-based learning, reflective discussions, and utilizing technology and interactive media. Additionally, this article identifies the challenges faced in implementing HOTS in elementary schools and solutions that educators can apply. With proper implementation, HOTS questions can help students develop higher-order thinking skills essential for facing future challenges.    

Learning based on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is an effective strategy for sharpening children's intelligence in elementary schools. HOTS questions are designed to train students' critical, analytical, and creative thinking skills, enabling them to solve problems independently. This article discusses the basic concepts of HOTS questions, strategies for their implementation in learning, and their benefits in improving children's comprehension quality. Several effective strategies in HOTS-based learning include using challenging questions, problem-based learning, reflective discussions, and utilizing technology and interactive media. Additionally, this article identifies the challenges faced in implementing HOTS in elementary schools and solutions that educators can apply. With proper implementation, HOTS questions can help students develop higher-order thinking skills essential for facing future challenges.    

This study explores strategies to address students' difficulties in understanding and solving mathematical word problems involving long division in elementary schools. These difficulties can stem from internal factors, such as a lack of conceptual understanding, low motivation, and inaccuracy in solving problems, as well as external factors, such as ineffective teaching methods and minimal use of instructional media. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, this research examines previous studies that discuss the causes of learning difficulties and possible solutions. The findings indicate that a contextual approach based on Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) and the use of concrete teaching aids can significantly enhance students' comprehension of long division. This approach helps students connect learning with real-life experiences and visualize mathematical concepts more clearly. Therefore, innovative instructional strategies are essential to improve elementary school students' understanding and numerical skills.

This research discusses interesting Natural Sciences (IPA) learning strategies for elementary school students in the digital era. With the development of technology, the use of digital media such as animated videos, learning applications, and 3D simulations has become an effective solution in improving students' understanding of science concepts. The research method used is a literature study by analyzing various literature related to the application of technology in science learning. The results of the study show that the integration of digital media can increase students' learning motivation as well as learning effectiveness. However, challenges such as limited infrastructure and teacher readiness are still obstacles in its implementation. Therefore, training for educators and facility support is needed so that the use of digital technology in science learning can run optimally.

This study aims to analyze the impact of internal and external factors on low student learning outcomes in Pancasila Education subjects in elementary schools. Pancasila education plays an important role in shaping the nation's personality and teaching students their duties and rights in the context of Indonesian society. However, low learning outcomes in this subject indicate a problem that needs to be solved. This research applied the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method to synthesize, evaluate and integrate information from previous studies. The data is analyzed with a content analysis approach. This research reveals that low student learning outcomes depend on internal and external influences. The most dominant internal factor is learning motivation, where students who are less motivated tend not to be able to follow learning optimally. In addition, differences in learning styles between students also affect the way they understand the material. On the external side, the use of conventional and less interesting learning media and the limited learning facilities available are important factors that affect students' low learning outcomes. Therefore, in order to improve learning outcomes of Pancasila Education in elementary schools, it is necessary to increase learning motivation, adjust learning styles, and utilize more interesting and supportive learning media and facilities

This study investigates the effectiveness of storytelling strategies in enhancing the understanding of Islamic creed (akidah) among fourth-grade students at SDIT Masyithah Bukittinggi. Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through classroom observations, interviews with teachers, and documentation of learning activities. The findings reveal that systematically designed storytelling sessions significantly improved students' engagement, conceptual grasp of akidah, and positive behavioral changes, such as honesty and obedience. Challenges included time constraints and variability in student responses. Key recommendations emphasize teacher training in narrative techniques, integration of multisensory media, and collaborative partnerships with parents to sustain learning outcomes. The study underscores storytelling as an innovative pedagogical tool that bridges abstract creed concepts with students' daily experiences, fostering both cognitive and spiritual development. These results advocate for structured storytelling models in Islamic elementary education to enrich moral and religious pedagogy.

This research aims to identify various challenges in teaching Citizenship Education (PKn) in elementary schools and propose solutions to overcome common obstacles in the learning process. The study employs a literature review approach, analyzing various sources such as scholarly articles, journals, and relevant documents. Data collection methods include literature review, listening techniques, and note-taking. The findings indicate several issues in PKn learning at the elementary level, including: (1) teachers’ limited understanding of appropriate learning models aligned with 21st-century education demands, (2) insufficient use of instructional media tailored to students’ characteristics, (3) inadequate supporting facilities such as books and other learning resources, and (4) student learning difficulties influenced by both internal and external factors. This study concludes that implementing innovative learning models, integrating technology into the teaching and learning process, and adopting more flexible and interactive strategies are essential to enhancing the effectiveness of PKn instruction in elementary schools. Moreover, effective communication between teachers, students, and schools plays a crucial role in improving learning quality.

The teaching of Social Studies in elementary schools still faces challenges in improving students' understanding, primarily due to the dominance of expository methods that lack variety. This study aims to analyze various innovative learning strategies that can enhance students' comprehension in Social Studies education. The research employs a library research method with a qualitative approach, drawing on various references and previous research findings.The results indicate that contextual learning strategies, project-based learning (PjBL), technology integration, cooperative learning, and multi-representation learning are effective in improving students' understanding. Contextual learning enhances students' comprehension by up to 32%, while PjBL improves critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Technology integration, such as augmented reality and interactive digital media, has been shown to increase learning motivation by up to 43%. Cooperative learning and multi-representation strategies also positively impact social skills and conceptual understanding.The novelty of this study lies in its comprehensive mapping of innovative, evidence-based learning strategies applicable to Social Studies education in elementary schools. The implications of this research highlight the importance of innovation in teaching strategies to ensure that students do not merely receive information passively but can actively apply their knowledge in real-life situations. Additionally, the study underscores the need for teachers to enhance their competencies in implementing more interactive and student-centered teaching methods.

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of using flashcards in overcoming reading delays in elementary school students. The method applied was a literature review by analyzing seven scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025. The results showed that the use of flashcards significantly improved students' reading skills, both in recognizing letters, words, and understanding reading. In addition, flashcards also proved effective in increasing students' motivation and interest in learning. However, their effectiveness is influenced by several factors, such as media design, teacher training and learning environment support. These findings provide valuable insights for educators in determining appropriate learning methods for students with reading delays. Therefore, this study recommends flashcards as an innovative learning media that can be customized to suit students' needs.

History learning in elementary schools plays an important role in shaping students' understanding of past events and instilling national values. However, the conventional approach that is still widely applied often results in low student interest and participation in history learning. This article aims to analyze various interactive and creative methods in history learning in elementary schools through a literature review. Interactive methods, such as group discussions, role-playing, and the use of digital media, as well as creative methods, such as storytelling, concept maps, and exploration-based projects, have been shown to increase student engagement and deeper understanding of historical concepts. Various studies have shown that the application of these methods not only increases students' learning motivation but also develops critical, analytical, and collaborative thinking skills. In addition, the use of technology such as educational applications and historical simulations further enriches students' learning experiences, making them more contextual and relevant to everyday life. However, the application of this method still faces challenges, such as limited resources, teacher readiness, and support from the school environment. Therefore, an appropriate implementation strategy is needed, including teacher training and the provision of adequate learning facilities. This literature review is expected to provide insight for educators and researchers in developing more effective and interesting history learning methods for elementary school students.    

This study aims to analyze the teaching and learning process of Natural Sciences (IPA) on the topic of the universe in Class VI at SD Negeri 101866 Batang Kuis, Pekan. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method, utilizing data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. The results show that the learning process adheres to the applicable curriculum, yet some abstract concepts in the universe material remain challenging for students to grasp. The teacher plays an active role in facilitating student understanding by employing a variety of teaching methods, including lectures, discussions, and demonstrations. However, the study reveals that these methods, while effective, may not fully engage students in the learning process. It is suggested that more innovative and student-centered strategies are necessary to foster greater student involvement and understanding. Additionally, the research indicates that the use of technology-based learning media could significantly enhance the students' learning experience by making abstract concepts more tangible. Furthermore, adopting a contextual learning approach, where students can connect the material to real-life situations, is recommended to increase student comprehension and retention. This study emphasizes the importance of adapting teaching methods to the evolving needs of students and integrating modern educational tools to make learning more interactive and meaningful. Ultimately, the study suggests that incorporating these strategies will improve the overall effectiveness of teaching Natural Sciences in elementary school classrooms.

This community service aims to improve the understanding of grade 4 students of SDN 173632 Parparean III, Porsea in learning nominal tens in English. There are still many elementary school students who have difficulty in recognizing, pronouncing, and writing tens in English correctly. This problem can hinder the development of their basic English skills, especially in terms of counting and daily conversation. To overcome these problems, this community service activity implements an innovative learning method that combines educational games, visual media, and interactive pronunciation techniques. The goal is to create a fun learning atmosphere and motivate students to actively participate in the learning process. The approach used is Classroom Action Research (CAR), with data collection through direct observation, short interviews with class teachers, and oral comprehension tests before and after the intervention. The results of the observation showed a significant increase in students' ability to understand and use tens in English after the method was applied. Thus, this learning method has proven effective and can be used as a reference or alternative strategy in teaching English at the elementary school level, especially for numbers and figures.

The purpose of this study is to develop illustrated story media to increase interest in learning social studies subjects for grade IV students of SDN Inpres Rabakodo. This study uses the R&D method, to develop illustrated story media as a learning media for social studies for grade IV elementary school students. By using the Borg and Gall model which includes 5 stages, namely potential and problems, collecting data, product design, product validation, and design revision. The results of the study showed that the validity of the illustrated story media from 4 media and material validators obtained an average score of 83.26 categorized as very feasible. The questionnaire response of limited test students showed the practicality of the illustrated story media with an average score of 85.16 categorized as very practical. The results of the development of illustrated story media carried out by measuring student learning interest were 82%, compared to before the use of the story media, student learning interest was only 45%. This means that the results of the development can significantly increase student learning interest

The purpose of this study is to develop illustrated story media to increase interest in learning social studies subjects for grade IV students of SDN Inpres Rabakodo. This study uses the R&D method, to develop illustrated story media as a learning media for social studies for grade IV elementary school students. By using the Borg and Gall model which includes 5 stages, namely potential and problems, collecting data, product design, product validation, and design revision. The results of the study showed that the validity of the illustrated story media from 4 media and material validators obtained an average score of 83.26 categorized as very feasible. The questionnaire response of limited test students showed the practicality of the illustrated story media with an average score of 85.16 categorized as very practical. The results of the development of illustrated story media carried out by measuring student learning interest were 82%, compared to before the use of the story media, student learning interest was only 45%. This means that the results of the development can significantly increase student learning interest

This study aims to develop Nearpod learning media with a valid, practical, and effective Problem-Based Learning model for the subject of Science, especially on the material of changing the form of energy for fourth grade students of Elementary School. This research is motivated by problems found through initial observations and interviews. The method used is research and development (R&D) with the ADDIE model, which consists of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The subjects of this study involved class teachers and fourth grade students of SDS Pelangi, while the object of the study focused on Nearpod learning media in Science learning on the material of changing the form of energy. Data collection techniques include interviews, tests, and questionnaires, with instruments in the form of teacher interview sheets, material validation questionnaires, media validation questionnaires, education practitioner questionnaires, and pretest and posttest questions. The results of the study showed that validation by material experts obtained an average percentage of 90% with the category "very feasible", while validation by media design experts obtained an average percentage of 97% with the category "very practical". Media effectiveness testing showed an increase in students' average scores from 54.73 ("quite practical" category) to 83.15 ("very practical" category) after using Nearpod media.

This research aims to explore the use of picture story books in increasing elementary school students' reading interest. The method used is a literature review which involves collecting and analyzing various academic sources related to interest in reading, picture story books, and the effectiveness of learning media. The research results show that picture story books have significant benefits, such as increasing the attractiveness of reading, facilitating understanding, and increasing students' emotional involvement. Not only that, strategies such as interactive reading, discussions and creative activities have proven effective in maximizing the use of picture story books. Even though there are challenges such as limited access to quality books and minimal training for teachers, collaborative efforts between schools, government and parents are needed to improve the culture of literacy among children.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of using Canva-based flashcards in learning, especially at the elementary school level. This study uses library research method by collecting and analyzing data from various relevant literatures, including journals, books, and previous research articles. The literature review shows that Canva-based flashcards have the potential to improve students' vocabulary acquisition, engagement in learning, and learning outcomes. The advantages of Canva-based flashcards lie in the flexibility of design, integration of attractive visual elements and ease of access. This media allows teachers to create learning materials that are interactive, innovative and in line with curriculum needs. The analysis shows that Canva as a design tool provides added value in creating effective learning media, with various studies showing increased student motivation and understanding of the material. However, challenges such as limited teacher competence in using Canva and the need for internet connectivity are also major concerns. This study concludes that Canva-based flashcards are a relevant and effective learning medium, but its implementation requires training support and adequate infrastructure.  

Indonesia is a country known for its linguistic diversity, which is considered one of its national treasures. Recently, the use of the Minangkabau language has experienced a significant decline. This design is created to help foster interest in learning the Minangkabau language among elementary school students. In the field of Visual Communication Design, designing creative educational media to enhance student interest and engagement, as well as introduce local culture, can be realized through the design of a board game. The design process includes data collection through questionnaires, interviews, and analysis using the 5W+1H method. The designed board game incorporates elements that teach Minangkabau vocabulary, phrases, and sentences, as well as introduce Minangkabau culture through interactive gameplay. The design results in a mascot, board game, logo, playing pieces, and a media mix from the TITAH board game design. It is hoped that this board game can serve as an effective and engaging alternative learning medium to preserve the Minangkabau language and culture among the younger generation.

This research aims to find out how to develop animated video learning media to improve the mathematical problem solving abilities of class VI students. This research is based on several problems, namely students who do not understand the discussion of learning material because mathematics is considered boring and it is difficult to memorize formulas. This made students unable to solve problems in the learning process. This research used research method and development using 4D research model. The sample of this research consisted of 25 students, with the first step not using animated videos and the second step using animated videos. The research instruments used in this research were tests (essays) and questionnaires. The research results showed that the feasibility level was 92% in the "very valid" category, the practicality level was 92% in the "very practical" category, and the effectiveness level was 88.52% in the "effective" category. These results can also be seen from the pretest with an average value of 34 and posttest with an average value of 92, so the average N-Gain Score was 88.52%. So, it can be concluded that the development of animated video learning media can improve the Mathematical problem solving abilities of 6th Grade of Elementary School students.

In the beginning, the Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) Learning Activities in Grade III of Elementary School 116/X Lambur II used a learning model that was not varied, especially still using conventional learning models, so that the learning process in the classroom did not use technology at all. The lack of use of learning models that were less varied, coupled with learning media that only relied on books, made students feel bored and less interested in participating in learning. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) which was carried out in two cycles consisting of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects in this study were Grade III students of Elementary School 116/X Lambur II. Data analysis techniques: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions or verification, while data sources: resource persons, documentation, and teaching and learning processes. The results of this study indicate that there is an increase in students' creative thinking skills. Starting from the pre-cycle of learning activities that have not used the Game Based Learning model, student learning outcomes are only 5 out of 20 students who are said to have completed with a percentage of 20% with an average score of 49. Furthermore, from the results of the cycle I action, the minimum score has not been reached, so the study was continued in the cycle II action by making several improvements from the results of the cycle I reflection. From the results of the cycle II action, there was an increase where 18 out of 20 students were declared complete with a percentage of completion of 90% and obtained an overall average score of 85.