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This research is entitled "Analysis of language errors in persuasive speech texts for class 9J students at SMPN 9 Tasikmalaya". The aim of this research is to find out language errors in persuasive texts. The approach used in this research is a qualitative descriptive approach. The data used in the research are words in persuasive texts that experience errors in aspects of phonology, morphology and spelling. The technique used in this research is the listening and note-taking technique. This listening technique is used to obtain data by reading and listening to the use of language in the form of speech texts written by students, then the note-taking technique, namely writing down errors in the speech texts written by students. The results of the research show that the types of language errors that are most often found are errors in word usage, word selection and sentence construction that do not comply with correct Indonesian language rules. Factors causing this error include students' lack of understanding of language rules, as well as the influence of informal, everyday language habits. It's hoped that this research can provide insight into teaching Indonesian in schools, especially in improving the quality of students' written persuasive texts..

This study aims to describe: (1) types of errors in the use of Indonesian language which include errors in spelling, word choice, sentence structure, and paragraph structure; (2) factors causing errors in observation reports of grade VIII students at SMPN 6 Rajadesa; and (3) efforts made to overcome these language errors. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a content analysis approach to samples in the form of observation reports from 3 grade VIII students of SMPN 2 Rajadesa. The results of the study show that: First, the forms of language errors found include errors in spelling, choice of diction, sentence structure, and paragraph structure. Second, factors causing language errors in the report include students' lack of understanding of language rules, inaccuracy when writing, low motivation in writing, and limited student vocabulary. Third, efforts made to correct language errors in this observation report include the application of writing learning with a process approach, increasing understanding of language rules through reading activities, and increasing writing practice for students.

This research was conducted using descriptive research methods. The research was conducted in class VII of SMPN 2 Tasikmalaya with the aim of finding out errors in Indonesian in official letters. Middle school students must be able to master writing skills, one of which is writing official letters. The research results obtained were that there were language errors at the levels of phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. This is caused by students' lack of mastery and mastery of Indonesian and the influence of the habit of using their mother tongue or first language. Therefore, students need motivation and awareness to be able to improve their official letter writing skills. Apart from that, there is a need for directed attention and guidance from the teacher.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah 1) untuk mengetahui peran pembelajaran PKN dalam membangun kesadaran hukum lalu lintas di kelas VIIB SMPN 3 Sragen, 2) untuk menentukan kendala-kendala yang ada dalam membangun kesadaran hukum lalu lintas di kelas VIIB SMPN 3 Sragen, 3) untuk menentukan solusi efektif untuk meningkatkan kesadaran hukum lalu lintas di kelas VIIB SMPN 3 Sragen. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIIB SMPN 3 Sragen pada tahun ajaran 2023/2024 dan guru PKN. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Peneliti bertindak sebagai pewawancara langsung untuk menggali data melalui siswa dan guru PKN. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peran pembelajaran PKN dalam membangun kesadaran hukum lalu lintas siswa di kelas VIIB SMPN 3 Sragen berada pada siswa itu sendiri dengan lingkungan (hubungan sosial dan lingkungan sekitar), serta hubungan antara orang tua dan siswa. Cara siswa memahami peraturan lalu lintas akan menentukan generasi yang memahami hukum. Dengan pemahaman dan pengenalan sejak awal, diharapkan upaya untuk membangun kesadaran hukum lalu lintas dalam pembelajaran PKN di kelas VIIB dapat menghasilkan kepribadian yang kooh sebagai dasaar bagi warga negara yang bertanggung jawab dan handal serta menjadi lebih berkualitas.

The microphone is a supportive tool that can enhance students' confidence during classroom learning. As confidence increases, students can develop their potential more firmly, particularly in mastering speaking skills, understanding the material, and engaging with the audience. By using a microphone, their voices are more audible, articulation is clearer, and they can better control the forum. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative research method, employing an exploratory approach with Likert scale questionnaires and open-ended questionnaires, as well as documentation of responses through the Mentimeter application. The data recorded came from 55 participants out of a population of 104, distributed across three classes: 9A, 9B, and 9C. The results indicate that the microphone can enhance confidence in learning Indonesian, as evidenced by responses: Strongly Disagree 0.4%, Disagree 5.3%, Neutral 39%, Agree 41%, and Strongly Agree 14%. The open-ended questionnaire responses aligned with the students' progress in learning Indonesian. Therefore, the use of microphones should be consistently implemented in the learning process, especially in Indonesian language instruction.

This study aims to increase the interest in learning history among ninth-grade students at SMP Sinar Pancasila Betun through the application of the role-playing method. The research problem addressed in this study is how effective the role-playing method is in increasing students' interest in learning history and what factors influence the success of this method. The study uses a classroom action research (CAR) method, consisting of four cycles. Each cycle includes stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data collection instruments used include observation sheets and learning interest questionnaires. The results of the study show a significant increase in students' interest in learning after the application of the role-playing method. In the second cycle, the average student learning interest was at 66%, and it gradually increased to 81% by the fourth cycle. The discussion of these results indicates that the role-playing method not only increases students' interest in learning but also facilitates collaboration, active participation, and student creativity in the history learning process. Therefore, it can be concluded that the role-playing method is effective in increasing the interest in learning history among ninth-grade students at SMP Sinar Pancasila Betun.

Bullying in the school environment is a problem that has a serious impact on students' emotional, social and academic development. This research aims to analyze efforts to prevent bullying behavior through a collaborative-based Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) learning approach for students at SMP Negeri 35 Medan. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The research subjects were PPKn teachers and students in grades VII and VIII of SMP Negeri 35 Medan. The research results show that collaborative-based Civics learning is effective in increasing students' awareness about the impact of bullying and strengthening positive social relationships between them. Supporting factors for implementing this method include teacher support, student enthusiasm, and school policies, while inhibiting factors include time constraints and students' lack of initial understanding about collaboration. The results of this research show that the collaborative learning approach in Civics is able to create a safe and inclusive learning environment, while preventing bullying behavior. This research recommends further development of collaborative methods involving learning technology to strengthen the results achieved.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Project-Based Learning (PBL) in improving students' critical thinking skills in mathematics at Grade VII SMP Negeri 5 Setu. The research type used is experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected through a critical thinking skills test administered at three stages: pre-cycle, cycle 1, and cycle 2. The results show a significant improvement in students' critical thinking skills, with the average test score reaching 57.5% in the pre-cycle, 72.8% in cycle 1, and 85.6% in cycle 2. Based on these results, it can be concluded that Project-Based Learning is effective in improving students' critical thinking skills in mathematics at SMP Negeri 5 Setu.

This research aims to determine the level of volleyball playing skills among volleyball extracurricular students at SMP Negeri 8 Prabumulih. This type of research is quantitative descriptive research, using a survey method, namely collecting data regarding basic technical skills tests in volleyball at SMP Negeri 8 Prabumulih. The sample in this study was 21 men's volleyball extracurricular students at SMP Negeri 8 Prabumulih using a saturated sampling technique. The data collection technique uses the basic technical skills test method for playing volleyball. The data analysis technique uses a percentage formula. Based on the results of the research, it shows that the level of basic volleyball technical skills from the results of calculations using the T-Score formula in volleyball games for extracurricular volleyball students at SMP Negeri 8 Prabumulih obtained the number of basic bottom serve techniques with six opportunities to get the highest score was 26, the lowest score was 14 and an average of 19.33. The basic top passing technique using 60 seconds obtained the highest score of 25, the lowest score was 14, and the average was 17.76. The basic smash technique obtained the best points and times was 17 and 4.1 seconds, while the worst points and times were 7 and 12 seconds, and the average smash test results for points and times were 11.43 and 8.93.

Indonesia has an important pottery cultural heritage to preserve. This study aims to integrate culture-based education into the Merdeka Curriculum through P5, focusing on pottery making. The objectives of this study are to improve students' creativity, mutual cooperation, and social skills, as well as to strengthen the relationship between schools and communities in preserving local cultural traditions. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method to describe the implementation of P5 activities through pottery making in improving creativity and mutual cooperation at SMP Negeri 6 Kota Serang. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation from 1119 students and teachers. The results of the study will provide an in-depth picture of the impact of these activities on students at the school. Pottery making activities at SMP Negeri 6 Kota Serang develop students' creativity, motor skills, and mutual cooperation. By drawing designs, shaping, and painting pottery, they learn to think creatively, solve problems, and work together in groups. This activity supports the formation of Pancasila characters, such as togetherness, responsibility, and personal initiative, in accordance with the objectives of the Merdeka curriculum. P5 activities at SMP Negeri 6 Kota Serang have succeeded in achieving the goals of the independent curriculum, creating a Pancasila Student Profile that is creative, cooperative, and has good character. Students develop creativity and collaboration skills through challenging projects. This study emphasizes the importance of an art project-based approach to building the character of Pancasila students in the era of character education.

The development of information and communication technology, especially mobile devices, has changed the learning landscape significantly. This research aims to examine the impact of using mobile devices in supporting the independent learning activities of class IX students at SMP PGRI Rancaekek. This research is motivated by the increasingly widespread ownership of mobile devices among students and their potential to increase motivation and learning effectiveness. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection through observation, interviews and documentation. The research subjects were class IX students and subject teachers. Data analysis was carried out inductively to identify emerging themes related to the impact of mobile device use. The research results show that the use of mobile devices has a positive impact on students' independent learning activities. Mobile devices provide easier access to various learning resources, facilitate communication between students and teachers, and increase learning motivation. However, the research also found several challenges, such as dependency on devices, lack of monitoring of use, and gaps in access. The implication of this research is the importance of integrating the use of mobile devices in the learning process. Schools need to develop clear policies regarding the use of mobile devices, provide training for teachers, and ensure equitable access for all students. In addition, further research is needed to examine the long-term impact of mobile device use on student learning achievement.

This research aims to explore the role of Emergency First Aid (PPGD) education as a tool to strengthen life skills in junior high school (SMP) students. PPGD education is very important to equip students with the basic knowledge and skills needed in emergency situations. At the junior high school level, many students still do not understand how to handle emergency situations, so this educational program is designed to increase their readiness to respond to various emergencies quickly and effectively. This research also highlights challenges in implementing the PPGD curriculum, such as availability of resources, teacher training, and effectiveness of teaching methods. In addition, the level of awareness of students and schools about the importance of PPGD skills was also analyzed, considering that low understanding can hinder the effectiveness of this program. It is hoped that the results of this research can make a significant contribution to improving students' life skills through more integrated health education in schools. PPGD education that is successfully implemented is expected to make junior high school students better prepared to face emergency situations, and able to provide fast and appropriate first aid.

The purpose of this study is to: find out the level of story questions in the Mathematics Student Book Grade VII Junior High School Level Curriculum 2013 Based on Bloom's Taxonomy. The place in this study is SMP Negeri 4 Parungpanjang, Bogor Regency, for the 2019-2020 school year. This research method uses a qualitative or descriptive method because it is carried out under natural conditions. The object of this research is a class VII student math book Revised Edition 2017 by Abdul Rahman As'ari, et al. The data collection method is carried out by means of documentation. The data analysis technique refers to the Bloom revised table of cognitive domains of Anderson and Krathwohl. The implementation of data validity uses 4 criteria, namely: (1) Degree of credibility, (2) Transferability, (3) Dependability, and (4) Certainty (confirmability). The results of the study show that those who contain the C1 category level 0%, those that contain the C2 category 4%, those that contain the C3 category 43%, those that contain the C4 category 24%, which contains the C5 category 16%, and which contains the C6 category 13%. The four dimensions of the cognitive process in question are the cognitive process "Understanding" / C-2, the cognitive process "Applying" / C-3, the cognitive process "Analyze" / C-4, the cognitive process "Evaluating" / C-5, and the cognitive process "Creating" / C-6. The suggestion for other researchers is to set the time when the research, because this research takes a long time. And it is also expected to choose a teacher who really understands Bloom's Taxonomy, and it is recommended to choose the right teacher because many teachers are busy (do not have free time)

The problem in this research is how many factors influence students' motivation in taking part in extracurricular football activities at SMP Negeri 1 Talang Kelapa Banyuasin, including intrinsic and extrinsic factors. This research aims to identify how much factors influence student motivation in participating in extracurricular football activities at school, including intrinsic and extrinsic factors. This research is quantitative research using motivational methods and collecting information or data using questionnaires. Based on the results of the research carried out using the questionnaire method, the results showed that in general the motivation of students in participating in extracurricular football at SMP Negeri 1 Talang Kelapa Banyuasin was in the very high category. This is shown by the percentage value obtained from student motivation of 55% which is categorized as very high while 45% is categorized as high. Based on the results of the research and discussion above, extracurricular football at SMP Negeri 1 Talang Kelapa Banyuasin is in the very high category.

This study aims to describe the planning, implementation and impact of Drumband Extracurricular in developing students' talents and interests at SMP Negeri 38 Padang. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive method.  The research instrument is the researcher himself and is assisted by supporting instruments such as stationery and cameras. Data were collected through observation, interviews and documentation. The steps of analyzing data are data condensation, data presentation and conclusion drawn. Based on the results of the presentation of data, it can be concluded that: the initial plan to hold a drumband extracurricular was due to the proposal of the student's guardian realized by the junior high school. The drumband extracurricular structure was selected through deliberation of all junior high school ranks. The members of the drumband are taken from grades 7 and 8 through selection. The implementation of drumband extracurricular activities every Saturday and Sunday morning. Before starting, condition the drumband members to get together. Then divide several groups according to musical instruments. The coach gave an example first, after that it was followed by students. After the practice is over, pray together and give motivation from the coach. The impact of drumband extracurricular activities on the development of students' talents and interests is that students can develop their talents and interests outside the classroom. Discipline to time and establish good cooperation between members. Students are more enthusiastic about learning about drumband musical instruments.

This research was conducted because researchers saw that PAI teachere still appilied conventional learning models during the Islamic religious education learning process. Researchers saw that many students did not play an active role during the question and answer session, and lacked the courage to express their opinions. during the learning process. The purpose of conducting this research is to find out whether there is an influence of implementing the Everyone Is Teacher Herr Active Learning Model on students' active learning in Islamic religious education at SMP N 1 Panti, Pasaman Regency. The type of research used by researchers is quasi-experimental research. The population of this research is all class VIII students, totaling 129 students. The technique used in sampling by researchers was odd semester UTS scores and then a normality test and homogeneity test were carried out and the samples were determined randomly. Data collection was carried out by researchers using a questionnaire, the analysis technique was carried out using the f-test and t-test. The results of the analysis using the f test in the experimental class had a value of 4.701 with a significance level of 0.040-0.005 so it could be concluded that there was an influence, while the results of the analysis using the t in the control class there is a t-hit value of 4.357> t-table 2.064 and a significance level of 0.000 0.05 and it can be concluded that there is differences in student activity.

This study aims to examine the achievement and improvement of poetry writing skills of class VIII students of SMP Negeri 4 Klari who use audio-visual media. This is in line with the problem of the low poetry writing skills of junior high school students. In reality, the ability to write poetry is one of the important aspects of language to be learned and mastered well. The method used in this study was an experiment with a pretest-posttest control group design. The population in this study were all class VIII students of SMP Negeri 4 Klari, Karawang Regency. Sampling using cluster sampling technique, two classes were selected as research samples, namely class VIII-G (control class) which used direct learning totaling 37 students, while class VIII-H (experimental class) which used audio-visual media totaling 39 students. The research instrument used a poetry writing ability test. Both classes were given a pretest, treatment, and posttest with the same questions. Quantitative data analysis of the study utilized statistical calculations using SPSS 21 software. It can be seen from the results of calculations with SPSS 21 software that the Asymp. Sig. value was obtained. (2-tailed) of 0.000 is less than the significance level (α) of 0.05. Thus, the results of this study indicate that the achievement and improvement of students' poetry writing skills who receive learning with audio-visual media are better than students who receive direct learning.

One of the most important aspects of formal and informal education in educational institutions is character education. Two types of character that should be formed are discipline and responsibility. Possession of discipline and responsibility are highly valued qualities, as character plays an important role in one's daily social interactions. Helping, grouping, and socializing are all included in it. Character development throughout human life as a whole is closely linked to the process of learning and self-formation. Character development can be achieved in the context of family, school, and the environment, which includes communities and groups. The objectives of this study are to (1) describe the teacher's approach in teaching social studies class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri that instills the character values of discipline and responsibility. (2) Determine what motivates and what hinders educators to foster the character values of discipline and responsibility in their students through social studies learning in class VIII A of SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri. (3) To find out the results of social studies learning techniques used to build character values of discipline and responsibility in students of class VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri. A descriptive qualitative approach was used in this study. In collecting data, the methods used were observation, interviews, and documentation. The Miles and Huberman approach was used in the design of this research, which used descriptive analysis techniques through three stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Triangulation of data sources was used in assessing the validity of the data. The teachers and students of SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri became the research subjects. Based on the data analysis, the following conclusions were obtained: 1) Motivation and exemplary teachers, active involvement of students in learning, self-habituation, and sanctioning violations are strategies used by social studies teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri, 2) Strong motivation, family support, school regulations, and the environment are the driving factors faced by social studies teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri in instilling the character values of discipline and responsibility to students. Meanwhile, the unsupportive atmosphere and students' lack of willingness to learn make them less effective learners are the inhibiting factors. In this case, the teacher's duties have been carried out in accordance with their responsibilities as educators, motivators, mentors, and assessors. 3) The results of the social studies teacher's strategy in the implementation of cultivating the character of discipline and responsibility for students in grade VIII through motivating activities, students become enthusiastic in discipline and responsibility for the mandate carried out, namely as students. Through exemplary, students have successfully applied and instilled forms of discipline and responsibility in terms of dress, time, and duties through their active participation in classroom learning. This is indicated by students' active participation in discussions, students' activeness in completing and collecting assignments given by the teacher, students' enthusiasm for learning that is always high, self-habituation that has been applied by social studies teachers, the ability of social studies teachers to train students to be more disciplined and responsible in terms of worship, students' habits to help others and parents, and the appearance of disciplined and responsible students, by making efforts to impose sanctions on students who commit violations so that they do not repeat them again and encourage them to be more aware of their obligations as students.

One of the most important aspects of formal and informal education in educational institutions is character education. Two types of character that should be formed are discipline and responsibility. Possession of discipline and responsibility are highly valued qualities, as character plays an important role in one's daily social interactions. Helping, grouping, and socializing are all included in it. Character development throughout human life as a whole is closely linked to the process of learning and self-formation. Character development can be achieved in the context of family, school, and the environment, which includes communities and groups. The objectives of this study are to (1) describe the teacher's approach in teaching social studies class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri that instills the character values of discipline and responsibility. (2) Determine what motivates and what hinders educators to foster the character values of discipline and responsibility in their students through social studies learning in class VIII A of SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri. (3) To find out the results of social studies learning techniques used to build character values of discipline and responsibility in students of class VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri. A descriptive qualitative approach was used in this study. In collecting data, the methods used were observation, interviews, and documentation. The Miles and Huberman approach was used in the design of this research, which used descriptive analysis techniques through three stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Triangulation of data sources was used in assessing the validity of the data. The teachers and students of SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri became the research subjects. Based on the data analysis, the following conclusions were obtained: 1) Motivation and exemplary teachers, active involvement of students in learning, self-habituation, and sanctioning violations are strategies used by social studies teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri, 2) Strong motivation, family support, school regulations, and the environment are the driving factors faced by social studies teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri in instilling the character values of discipline and responsibility to students. Meanwhile, the unsupportive atmosphere and students' lack of willingness to learn make them less effective learners are the inhibiting factors. In this case, the teacher's duties have been carried out in accordance with their responsibilities as educators, motivators, mentors, and assessors. 3) The results of the social studies teacher's strategy in the implementation of cultivating the character of discipline and responsibility for students in grade VIII through motivating activities, students become enthusiastic in discipline and responsibility for the mandate carried out, namely as students. Through exemplary, students have successfully applied and instilled forms of discipline and responsibility in terms of dress, time, and duties through their active participation in classroom learning. This is indicated by students' active participation in discussions, students' activeness in completing and collecting assignments given by the teacher, students' enthusiasm for learning that is always high, self-habituation that has been applied by social studies teachers, the ability of social studies teachers to train students to be more disciplined and responsible in terms of worship, students' habits to help others and parents, and the appearance of disciplined and responsible students, by making efforts to impose sanctions on students who commit violations so that they do not repeat them again and encourage them to be more aware of their obligations as students.

Lack of social skills in students has an impact on students' indifferent attitude towards tasks given by teachers, lack of student participation in school activities and lack of interaction between students so that there are students who tend to be closed and have no sense of concern for their friends. Therefore, the role of teachers is needed in providing a positive contribution to the development of students' social attitudes. This type of research is descriptive qualitative and the data collection techniques used are observation and interviews. Furthermore, the data obtained were analyzed descriptively qualitatively which aims to describe the problems that occur and relate them to the specified variables and can also be discussed in narrative form. The results of the study found that social skills as an interaction ability between teachers and teachers and teachers with students, and students with students so social skills in schools are related to the relationship of school community interactions, the role of teachers in developing students' social skills attitudes is shown through a learning approach in the classroom, for example through character values ​​explained in learning with the aim of training students to have a sense of sympathy, concern, tolerance which are part of social skills so that in the development of students' social skills at SMP Negeri 2 Seram Barat, students can accept the application of social skills attitudes well, this can be seen from student interactions both with teachers and with peers. Application of Social Skills attitudes in Learning for students in class that in the learning process carried out by teachers in class at SMP Negeri 2 Seram Barat, using learning methods such as: question and answer methods, lecture methods, demonstration methods, discussion methods, jigsaw learning methods, peer teaching methods. The application of social skills attitudes in classroom learning, the right method is a method that trains student cooperation, trains how to convey opinions such as question and answer methods, discussion methods. In implementing social skills attitudes, not only teachers have an important role, but social skills are also carried out by other teachers in classroom learning using learning methods that can develop students' social skills.