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Passenger safety in ferry transportation is a crucial issue in Indonesia's sea transportation system, especially due to the high rate of accidents caused by the negligence of port managers. This study aims to analyze the form and limit of port manager's legal responsibility for passenger safety based on national regulations and international legal instruments. This research uses a normative method with the approach of legislation, legal doctrine, and court decisions. The results of the study show that port managers have administrative, civil and criminal responsibilities for passenger safety, including moral and social responsibilities. Failure to carry out these obligations can lead to legal sanctions. It is recommended that port managers strengthen safety management systems, improve inter-agency coordination, and adopt technology and good governance principles to ensure optimal legal protection for passengers. Regulatory updates and continuous supervision are also indispensable.

This study aims to describe the reasons and experiences of Indonesian youth who choose to work abroad as a response to domestic employment conditions. Using a qualitative approach and case study method, four key informants who have worked abroad for two years were interviewed online. The results show that young people experience obstacles in obtaining decent work, such as a non-transparent recruitment system, the dominance of nepotism practices, low professional recognition, and limited space for development. The decision to work abroad is a form of resistance to an unfair social system, as well as an effort to build a better identity and future. These findings are analyzed using Ulrich Beck's risk society theory, which explains that individuals in the modern era face social risks due to the failure of the modernization system. This study recommends the need for reform of the employment system in Indonesia to be fairer, more inclusive, and pro-young generation.  

This study aims to analyze the failure risks of UV digital printing machines used at PT XYZ using the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method. In the digital printing industry, the continuity of machine operations heavily depends on effective maintenance to prevent downtime that could disrupt the production process. The FMEA method is employed to identify potential failure modes and evaluate the severity, occurrence, and detection of each failure. This research adopts a quantitative approach, with data collected through observations, interviews, and historical documentation. The analysis reveals that the printhead, cooling system, and UV lamp are the components with the highest Risk Priority Numbers (RPN), at 504, 441, and 288 respectively. Based on these findings, it is recommended that preventive and predictive maintenance strategies be enhanced to avoid recurring failures.

Patients who have undergone odontectomy surgery are at risk of respiratory failure due to decreased oxygen saturation. Good handling is needed to overcome this, especially by placing the patient in the 60° Fowler position for 10 minutes, which facilitates breathing because gravity pulls the diaphragm down, increasing lung expansion. The purpose of this study was to determine how giving the 60° Fowler position to post-odontectomy patients affects their oxygen saturation levels. This study used a pre-experimental design using the pre-experiment one group pre-post test methodology. The sampling technique used purposive sampling of 36 respondents with an instrument in the form of an observation sheet. The statistical test used the Wilcoxon Sign Rank test to determine the effect of the fowler position variable on changes in oxygen saturation in post-odontectomy patients. The majority of respondents before being given the 60⁰ fowler position had oxygen saturation in the mild hypoxemia category of 25 respondents (69.4%). After being given the 60⁰ fowler position intervention, all respondents experienced a very significant average increase of 6.3%. The Wilcoxon test results obtained a result of 0.000 (p <0.05). There is a significant effect of giving the 60˚ fowler position on changes in oxygen saturation in post-odontectomy patients at IBS RSUD Dr. Tjitrowardojo Purworejo.  

The development of digital printing technology requires machines with high reliability and efficiency. The AccurioPress 6100 is a widely used digital printing machine that offers a speed of up to 100 pages per minute. However, the machine’s Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) at PT. OctoPrint only ranged from 45% to 53%, which is below the industry standard of 85%. This study identifies the gap in machine efficiency and proposes solutions based on OEE analysis involving Availability, Performance, and Quality indicators. The study adopts a descriptive quantitative method, collecting data through direct observation and interviews over a 14-week period. Preventive maintenance strategies were implemented to improve machine performance. The results showed an increase in OEE to 60–63%, supported by improvements in Mean Time To Failure (MTTF) and reductions in Mean Time To Repair (MTTR).

This study investigates the impact of cashless payment technologies, specifically e-toll and Garda Total Objek (GTO), on customer satisfaction and travel efficiency on the Tangerang-Merak Toll Road. The research demonstrates that the implementation of these technologies significantly enhances travel time efficiency and overall user satisfaction, providing a more seamless and convenient toll payment experience. Despite these positive outcomes, the study identifies several technical challenges that hinder optimal performance. Notably, there is an 18% transaction failure rate, primarily caused by malfunctions in card reader devices and server disruptions, which negatively affect the customer experience. In addition to technological reliability, the quality of service delivered by field staff and the degree of customer loyalty emerge as critical factors influencing sustained use of the digital payment system and overall satisfaction levels.The study underscores the importance of time efficiency and customer loyalty as key drivers for improving service quality and encouraging the widespread adoption of cashless systems. To address these challenges, the study recommends enhancing the reliability of payment devices and network infrastructure through regular maintenance and upgrades. Furthermore, the adoption of Multi-Lane Free Flow (MLFF) technology is suggested to allow toll transactions without stopping, thereby reducing traffic congestion and waiting times at toll plazas. Continuous staff training is essential to improve service response and technical troubleshooting. Additionally, customer loyalty programs offering incentives like discounts and rewards could increase user engagement. The study also emphasizes the need for increased public education on cashless payment systems and their features to minimize resistance and misunderstandings. Finally, ongoing monitoring and evaluation based on user feedback are critical for promptly addressing issues and sustainably improving customer satisfaction.

Draft Sizing quality is a crucial issue in the sizing department. There were 14,881 total warp breaks woven during the November to December period. This led to low draft sizing quality. This research aims to improve the quality of draft sizing by applying Grey Theory in traditional FMEA. This type of research uses descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques using questionnaires, observations and interviews at PT Delta Merlin Dunia Tekstil V. The data processing method in this study uses Grey Theory and FMEA methods. The results of this study indicate that from the sizing process flow there are 7 sizing areas that are potential failures of draft sizing and show that out of 26 priority sequences there are 10 different priorities and 16 the same priority. Determination of improvement priorities is based on the value of the smallest degree of relationship, namely Potential causes PIV is not stable in the size box area with the result of the degree of relationship value of 0.356, Potential causes PIV is not stable in the head stock area with the result of the degree of relationship value of 0.382, Potential Causes Kampas wear in the creel beam stand area with the result of a degree value of 0.477, Potential Causes Gear and Chain wear in the dryer cylinder area with the result of a degree value of 0.453 and Potential Causes The break regulator hole is not symmetrical (pneumatic piston is not aligned) in the creal beam stand area with the result of a degree value of 0.466. This research can recommend the sizing improvement process based on proposed improvements or maintenance schedules on the sizing machine, using Grey Theory in the FMEA method to improve the quality of the sizing draft.

Mixed marriages between Indonesian citizens (WNI) and foreign nationals (WNA) often give rise to legal issues, particularly in divorce cases involving the division of marital property. A key challenge arises from the restriction on land ownership for foreign nationals under the Basic Agrarian Law. This study examines Decision Number 146/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Dps, in which an Indonesian wife was accused of extortion against her foreign husband in the context of a mixed marriage divorce. Using a normative juridical method and a descriptive-analytical approach, the study finds that the wife’s act of withholding her husband’s documents does not constitute extortion, but rather a form of self-protection due to the husband's failure to provide financial support. The findings emphasize that the division of marital assets in mixed marriages must consider the provisions of the Marriage Law, the Compilation of Islamic Law for Muslim couples, and the Basic Agrarian Law, especially regarding land ownership by foreign nationals. Therefore, resolving property disputes in mixed marriages requires a careful legal approach to ensure compliance with applicable laws.  

According to BPS data, in 2024, the poverty rate in Siak Regency reached 5.08% of a total population of 487.67 thousand. Family poverty is a major challenge in Indone-sia’s social development. As the official institution managing zakat, BAZNAS plays a strategic role in alleviating poverty. However, the current zakat regulations do not ful-ly support a family-based approach to zakat distribution. This study aims to formu-late a legislative reconstruction model for BAZNAS based on the Maqasid Syariah, ensuring that zakat distribution is more equitable, effective, and has a systemic impact on the welfare of poor families. Employing a qualitative normative approach and Maqasid Syariah theory, the study finds that the restructuring of BAZNAS regula-tions should emphasize the dimensions of protection for religion (din), soul (nafs), intellect ('aql), lineage (nasl), and wealth (mal), with the family as the fundamental unit of society. Family poverty is not merely a matter of economic incapacity; it also encompasses the failure to meet basic needs related to education, health, and social protection. Religious institutions like BAZNAS possess a constitutional and reli-gious mandate to manage zakat professionally. However, the current management and legislation of zakat have not been holistically oriented towards the sustainable empowerment of poor families. Within the framework of Maqasid Syariah, zakat is not only an obligatory act of worship but also a socio-economic instrument designed to safeguard five essential components: religion, soul, intellect, lineage, and wealth. Therefore, it is imperative to reconstruct zakat regulations in a manner that is attuned to contemporary needs and capable of addressing the challenges of family-based poverty.

This study examines the role of management accounting in supporting strategic decision-making in manufacturing companies in Indonesia. With a literature study approach and Systematic Literature Review (SLR), this study analyzes various secondary sources from 2020 to 2025. The results of the study indicate that management accounting functions as the main tool in planning, cost control, performance evaluation, and strategic decision-making. The information generated such as cost data, budgets, and performance reports greatly assists management in choosing effective and responsive strategic alternatives to market dynamics. Case studies of several large manufacturing companies show that the implementation of a good management accounting system can improve operational efficiency, optimize resource allocation, and reduce the risk of failure in decision-making. Management accounting also plays a role in supporting investment and product development to maintain competitiveness in the global market. In conclusion, management accounting is a crucial element that strengthens strategic decision-making, so that manufacturing companies can grow and be sustainable in a competitive business environment.

This research aims to determine the estimated probability of failure for the number of FMIPA Untrib Kalabahi student graduates from 2018 to 2023 for each study program. This research uses secondary data obtained directly from the Untrib Student Affairs Academic Administration Bureau for the last six years from 2018 to 2023. The Binomial Distribution is a distribution of discrete random variables with two possibilities, namely success and failure. This research shows that the three study programs at FMIPA Untrib Kalabahi have different opportunity or probability values. For the mathematics study program, it can be seen that the largest predicted failure will be in 2022, namely 0.225585937500 and the smallest predicted failure will be in 2019, namely 0.000000000015. For the chemistry study program, the biggest failure estimate is in 2023, namely 0.37500 and the largest failure estimate is in 2021, namely 0.00006. For the informatics engineering study program, the largest failure estimate is in 2018, namely 0.0000000298023223876953 and the smallest failure estimate is in 2023, namely 0.000000000000000087.

The home industry partner for the tofu business is located in Kalidoh Langensari Barat Village, Ungaran Barat District, Semarang Regency. The partner's obstacle is the failure to meet the increasing market demand. This obstacle is caused because the production process is still carried out manually or traditionally so that tofu production is limited to human power. The right solution offered through this community service is the application of process technology in the form of a soybean grinding machine with a rotary system to increase tofu productivity. The purpose of this community service is to make an electric soybean grinding machine, apply a rotary grinding machine to the tofu production process, and conduct evaluation and assistance to maintain the sustainability of the program. The initial stage carried out in this service consists of planning and making the machine. Planning is based on market needs and partner conditions related to the provision of electrical energy. The design results are made through machine work in the Mechanical Department workshop. The next stage is the application of the machine including assembly and installation of the machine at the partner's location, as well as operational training and machine maintenance. The final stage of the service is evaluation and assistance. Evaluation is carried out by directly assessing the partner's operational practices on the machine that has been assisted. The assistance provided includes supervision, work control, and direction when the partner produces tofu using the production machine. It is expected that the rotary soybean grinding machine can increase the production of partner tofu.

This paper explores how climate change has contributed to the armed conflict in Darfur, Sudan, by emphasizing the human security perspective. Prolonged drought, desertification, and resource scarcity have intensified tensions between farming and pastoralist communities. Using a case study method and the Human Security framework, this study finds that ecological stress acts as a threat multiplier in conflict-prone areas. Data from IPCC, SIPRI, and UNHCR reports highlight how environmental degradation worsens structural vulnerabilities and fuels horizontal violence. The analysis shows that climate change is not only an environmental issue but also a serious security concern in fragile states. The failure of state institutions to equitably manage natural resources exacerbates the crisis. Therefore, a long-term, multi-sectoral policy response is urgently needed. Integrating climate resilience into international security strategies is essential to protect basic human rights.

Maintenance and industrial relations are two crucial aspects in human resource management that are interrelated and play an important role in maintaining the continuity and success of the organization. Effective maintenance not only maintains the quality of employee performance but also contributes to the creation of harmonious industrial relations. Good industrial relations, in turn, create a conducive work environment, increase productivity, and reduce the potential for conflict in the workplace. The purpose of this study is to dig deeper into the understanding of maintenance and industrial relations. This study uses qualitative and quantitative methods. Data collection techniques are carried out through a review of several journals that have been searched, which are related to the importance of maintenance and industrial relations. From the data that has been successfully collected, maintenance of industrial relations in the entire process of human resource management focuses on the belief that good and harmonious relations between employers and workers in the organization are very important to be fostered and maintained for the benefit of all parties involved. Failure to maintain harmonious relations can cause losses for many parties, especially employers and workers involved. Effective maintenance and good industrial relations play an important role in the success and survival of the company. Therefore, maintenance is a vital element in today's business world and needs to be managed properly.

Structural failure in construction projects is a critical issue that not only endangers public safety but also triggers legal consequences for parties involved. This study explores mechanical structural failure from technical, legal, and professional responsibility perspectives. Technically, structural failures are often caused by inadequate planning, poor-quality materials, and improper construction practices. Legally, the Indonesian Construction Services Law (Law No. 2 of 2017) and the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) provide a foundation for holding parties accountable, both civilly and criminally, especially when failures result in significant losses or casualties. The research also discusses the roles and responsibilities of construction consultants and contractors. Consultants are responsible for accurate design and oversight, while contractors must ensure implementation aligns with technical specifications and safety standards. Any negligence or deviation from duties by either party can lead to legal liability. This paper emphasizes the importance of integrating technical diligence with legal compliance to ensure the success and safety of construction projects.

A valid agreement creates a contract that gives rise to rights and obligations between the parties, and if one party does not fulfill its obligations, it can be declared to be in default. Default can be interpreted as the failure to fulfill or negligent in carrying out obligations as stipulated in the agreement made by the creditor and debtor. One example of a case of default regarding debts involving the Deputy Regent of Sidoarjo, Subandi, who borrowed IDR 1 billion from Darmiati Tansilong. The Supreme Court rejected Subandi's appeal (Decision No. 1609/K/Pdt/2022) and stated that he was in default. The Supreme Court's decision emphasized that the default committed by Subandi poses a risk in the form of debt repayment, paying profit sharing for property business development and the total interest that has been promised.

Generation Z is a group that grew up amidst rapid technological advances and social change. The challenges they face are not only physical, but also mental and spiritual, so they need the ability to survive, adapt, and recover from failure or pressure. This ability is known as Adversity Quotient (AQ), which is intelligence in facing difficulties. This study aims to examine the concept of AQ from the perspective of the Qur'an, focusing on Surah Al-Ankabut verse 69. The verse emphasizes the importance of sincerity and struggle in obtaining guidance and help from Allah. Using qualitative methods through literature studies and thematic interpretation approaches, this study found that values ​​such as sincerity, perseverance, courage, and belief in Allah's grace are important foundations in forming AQ. These values ​​are very relevant for the development of the character of generation Z so that they have high fighting spirit, do not give up easily, and are able to face the pressures and challenges of life positively. In conclusion, Surah Al-Ankabut verse 69 provides a strong spiritual and moral contribution in building personal resilience and fighting spirit needed by today's young generation.

The Kanjuruhan tragedy on October 1, 2022, marks one of the deadliest disasters in Indonesian sports history, resulting in the deaths of over a hundred spectators during a post-match riot. This study explores the tragedy through the lens of sports sociology by examining how crowd behavior, institutional failures, and the use of excessive force reflect deeper socio-political dynamics. Using a library research method, this paper analyzes academic literature, official reports, and sociological theories—particularly those of Gramsci, Bourdieu, and Foucault—to understand the normalization of violence, the exercise of hegemonic power through sport, and the systemic weaknesses in match organization. The study finds that the convergence of commercial interests, inadequate crowd management, and institutionalized violence created the conditions for this disaster. The findings call for structural reforms in sports governance and advocate for a sociologically informed approach to fan education, crowd control, and ethical media representation.

This study discusses law enforcement against corruption crimes that occur in the process of providing People's Business Credit (KUR) facilities at the BRI Bone Pantai Unit as well as the form of criminal responsibility from the management of the banks involved. Through a normative-empirical approach, this study illustrates the weak internal supervision system of banks and the inefficiency of coordination between law enforcement that causes state losses of billions of rupiah. The findings show that the modus operandi in the form of data engineering and abuse of authority is carried out by bank employees in collaboration with external parties. The law enforcement carried out has not touched the structural roots of the weaknesses of the banking system and business ethics in the distribution of KUR. In the context of Lawrence M. Friedman's theory of legal systems, aspects of the structure, substance, and culture of the law show a failure to guarantee accountability and prevention. Therefore, the reconstruction of law enforcement needs to involve systemic improvements, the strengthening of management's criminal responsibility, and the strengthening of the capacity of the bank's internal supervisory institutions so that public trust in the KUR program can be restored.

Regional Regulation no. 1 of Bone Bolango Regency in 2024 concerning regional taxes and regional levies states in article 3 concerning PBB-P2 that Rural and Urban Land and Building Tax is a type of district/city tax, so that the Government has the authority to collect Land and Building Tax, especially the Urban sector. The phenomenon found by the servants in the field was complaints from village officials regarding the failure of village programs to run according to expectations because assistance had been provided to the community. The lecture and discussion method of this activity was carried out in one core program activity carried out at the Oluhuta village office in October 2022 which was carried out face-to-face and there was direct interaction with participants, namely Individual Taxpayers (WP OP) of the Oluhuta village community after students conducted field observations related to the data needed before the implementation of the core activity. Door to Door Assistance Method: This method is carried out by students after participants receive material related to the socialization of the importance of PBB-P2 tax compliance. This activity is carried out for one week after the core activity. The results of this community service activity are that the government is expected to involve the private sector in conducting in-depth studies on sources of local revenue, including how to manage them by involving research and assessment institutions and collaborating with universities to carry out activities for village communities.