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The aim of this research is to determine the improvement in student learning outcomes in the science subject light and its properties in class V of SD Negeri 0117 Sibuhuan through the application of the predict observe explain (POE) learning model. The methodology used is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which consists of 2 cycles, each cycle consisting of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Based on the results of the research carried out by the author, it can be concluded that the increase in student learning outcomes in science subjects is light and nature. -class V of SD Negeri 0117 Sibuhuan through the application of the predict observe explain learning model (pre-cycle POE is still low, namely students who scored above the KKM 70, there were 7 students with a percentage of 25.00% and 21 students scored below the KKM with a percentage of 75, 00%. In cycle I it has started to increase, namely there are 17 students who got a score above the KKM 70 with a percentage of 60.71% and 11 students got a score below the KKM with a percentage of 39.29%. In the second cycle it has increased, namely there are 26 students who got a score above the KKM 70 with a percentage of 92.86% and 2 students got a score below the KKM with a percentage of 7.14%. So it can be concluded that by implementing the Predict Observe Explain (POE) learning model in the science subject light and its properties in Class V of SD Negeri 0117 Sibuhuan, student learning outcomes can be improved

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the Problem Based Learning Model on the Learning Motivation of Christian Religious Education in Class IX Students of SMP N 1 Salak, Pakpak Bharat Regency, Academic Year 2023-2024. The research method used is a quantitative research method and a pre-experimental design research type in the form of "One Shot Case Study". The population was all class IX students of SMP N 1 Salak, totaling 146 people and a sample of 32 people was determined using the Purposive Sample technique. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 17 items and 17 items of observation sheet for variable Y. The results of data analysis showed that there was a positive and significant influence of the Problem Based Learning Model on the Motivation to Learn Christian Religious Education in Class IX of SMP N 1 Salak, Pakpak Bharat Regency, Year Teachings 2023-2024: 1) Test analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy = 0.547 > rtable(a=0.05,n=32) = 0.349. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained tcount= 3.576 > ttable(a=0.05, dk=n-2=30)= 2.042. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained the regression equation Y ̂=24.26+0.57X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 29.9%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0.05, dk numerator k=14, dk denominator=n-2=32-2=30) namely 12.78 > 2.01. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the Problem Based Learning Model on the Learning Motivation of Christian Religious Education in Class IX Students of SMP N 1 Salak, Pakpak Bharat Regency, Academic Year 2023-2024. The research method used is a quantitative research method and a pre-experimental design research type in the form of "One Shot Case Study". The population was all class IX students of SMP N 1 Salak, totaling 146 people and a sample of 32 people was determined using the Purposive Sample technique. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 17 items and 17 items of observation sheet for variable Y. The results of data analysis showed that there was a positive and significant influence of the Problem Based Learning Model on the Motivation to Learn Christian Religious Education in Class IX of SMP N 1 Salak, Pakpak Bharat Regency, Year Teachings 2023-2024: 1) Test analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy = 0.547 > rtable(a=0.05,n=32) = 0.349. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained tcount= 3.576 > ttable(a=0.05, dk=n-2=30)= 2.042. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained the regression equation Y ̂=24.26+0.57X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 29.9%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0.05, dk numerator k=14, dk denominator=n-2=32-2=30) namely 12.78 > 2.01. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

This research aims to determine the application of the modeling the way learning model to increase student activity in Islamic Religious Education subjects regarding ablution and prayer in class V of SD Negeri 1001 Batang Bulu. The research used is classroom action research (PTK). Based on the research results, it can be concluded that: (1) Student activity before implementing the modeling the way learning model is still low. This can be seen from the results of observations that have been made. If we look at the level of activity, there are 5 students or 19% who have activity in the "Good" category and there are 21 students or 81% who have activity in the "Not Good" category. (2) Student activity after implementing the modeling the way model began to increase. In cycle I, if we look at the level of activity, there were 12 students or 46% who were active in the "Good" category and there were 14 students or 54% who were active in the "Not Good" category. In cycle II, if seen from the level of activity, there were 2 students or 8% who had activity in the "Very Good" category, there were 20 students or 77% who had activity in the "Good" category and there were 4 students or 15% who had activity in the "Good" category. "Not good.

The The background of this research is that the learning process is still centered on the teacher (teacher center) which makes the teaching and learning process passive and also the teacher only uses conventional models.  This will have an impact on student learning motivation to be low.  Given the importance of setting strategies and variations in classroom learning will have implications for student learning motivation, therefore researchers are interested in using the Teams Games Tournament type cooperative learning model to measure how much influence the Teams Games Tournament learning model has on student learning motivation.  This study aims to determine the magnitude of the influence of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) model on student learning motivation in learning the moral creed of class VIII MTs Gantung Ciri. The type of research used is a quasi experiment with a posttest-only research design with non-equivalent groups.  The sampling technique uses non-probability sampling or is called saturated sampling.  Saturated sampling is a sampling technique when all members of the population are used as samples.  Class VIII-1 as an experimental class with 22 students.  Class VIII-2 as the control class with 21 students.  The data analysis technique was carried out by carrying out a normality test with the Shapiro-Wilk formula, homogeneity test and then testing the hypothesis with an independent t-test.  All tests were performed using the SPSS 22 application. The results of the study obtained from the research data that the average results of the experimental class learning motivation questionnaire = 63.09 and the control class = 59.71. It can be concluded that the average results of the experimental class questionnaire are higher than the average results of the control class questionnaire and the results of the hypothesis  which was carried out with the t-test obtained the number 0.043 <0.05 then Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted.

The research aims to determine the influence of the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) learning model on the learning motivation for Christian Religious Education and Character Education of class V students at SD Negeri 3 Pasar Pangururan for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. The research hypothesis is that there is a positive influence between the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) learning model on the learning motivation for Christian Religious Education and Characteristics of class V students at SD Negeri 3 Pasar Pangururan for the 2023/2024 academic year. Quantitative and descriptive research methods. The population of all class V students at SD Negeri 3 Pasar Pangururan for the 2023/2024 academic year who are Protestant Christians is 62 people. This research is population research. The research instrument is a closed number. The results of data analysis obtained: a) The value of rcount=0.561>rtable=0.254 shows that there is a positive influence between the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) learning model and students' motivation to learn Christian Religious Education and Character. b) Regression equation. c) The determination test shows that the magnitude of the effect is 31.47%. d) Hypothesis testing obtained Fcount=26.756>Ftable=3.15 so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The research concludes that there is a positive influence between the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) learning model on the learning motivation for Christian Religious Education and Character Education of class V students at SD Negeri 3 Pasar Pangururan for the 2023/2024 Academic Year  

The research aims to determine the influence of the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) learning model on the learning motivation for Christian Religious Education and Character Education of class V students at SD Negeri 3 Pasar Pangururan for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. The research hypothesis is that there is a positive influence between the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) learning model on the learning motivation for Christian Religious Education and Characteristics of class V students at SD Negeri 3 Pasar Pangururan for the 2023/2024 academic year. Quantitative and descriptive research methods. The population of all class V students at SD Negeri 3 Pasar Pangururan for the 2023/2024 academic year who are Protestant Christians is 62 people. This research is population research. The research instrument is a closed number. The results of data analysis obtained: a) The value of rcount=0.561>rtable=0.254 shows that there is a positive influence between the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) learning model and students' motivation to learn Christian Religious Education and Character. b) Regression equation. c) The determination test shows that the magnitude of the effect is 31.47%. d) Hypothesis testing obtained Fcount=26.756>Ftable=3.15 so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The research concludes that there is a positive influence between the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) learning model on the learning motivation for Christian Religious Education and Character Education of class V students at SD Negeri 3 Pasar Pangururan for the 2023/2024 Academic Year  

This study aims to determine the level of tendency of the Probing Prompting Model and the level of tendency of PAK Learning Activity of grade XI students of SMK Negeri 1 Laguboti in the 2023/2024 academic year, as well as to determine the existence of a positive and significant influence between the Probing Prompting Model on the Learning Activity of Christian Religious Education and Budi Pekerti of grade XI students of SMK N 1 Laguboti in the 2023/2024 academic year The hypothesis of this study is: There is a positive and significant effect of the Probing Prompting Model on the Learning Activity of Christian Religious Education and Ethics of grade XI students of SMK Negeri 1 Laguboti in the 2023/2024 Learning Year. This type of research is an inferential descriptive quantitative method. The population in this study were all XI students of SMK Negeri 1 Laguboti in the 2023/2024 Learning Year who were Protestant Christians totaling 198 people and the sample was taken 25% of 196 people, totaling 48 people. The instrument of this research is a closed questionnaire. The result of a simple linear equation is Y = 36.9 + 0.608x. The t test results show the value of tcount = 2.753 and ttable = 1.679, so it can be obtained tcount = 2.753> ttable = 1.679. Furthermore, data analysis for hypothesis testing with the f test obtained the value of Fhitung> Ftabel (5.94> 3.20) so it can be concluded that the hypothesis is accepted and based on the results of the coefficient of determination obtained the magnitude of the influence of the Probing Prompting model on the activeness of learning Christian Religious Education and Budi Pekerti Class XI students of SMK Negeri 1 Laguboti School Year 2023/2024 is 14.13% and another 85.87% is obtained from other inherent factors that are not examined in this study.

This study aims to determine the level of tendency of the Probing Prompting Model and the level of tendency of PAK Learning Activity of grade XI students of SMK Negeri 1 Laguboti in the 2023/2024 academic year, as well as to determine the existence of a positive and significant influence between the Probing Prompting Model on the Learning Activity of Christian Religious Education and Budi Pekerti of grade XI students of SMK N 1 Laguboti in the 2023/2024 academic year The hypothesis of this study is: There is a positive and significant effect of the Probing Prompting Model on the Learning Activity of Christian Religious Education and Ethics of grade XI students of SMK Negeri 1 Laguboti in the 2023/2024 Learning Year. This type of research is an inferential descriptive quantitative method. The population in this study were all XI students of SMK Negeri 1 Laguboti in the 2023/2024 Learning Year who were Protestant Christians totaling 198 people and the sample was taken 25% of 196 people, totaling 48 people. The instrument of this research is a closed questionnaire. The result of a simple linear equation is Y = 36.9 + 0.608x. The t test results show the value of tcount = 2.753 and ttable = 1.679, so it can be obtained tcount = 2.753> ttable = 1.679. Furthermore, data analysis for hypothesis testing with the f test obtained the value of Fhitung> Ftabel (5.94> 3.20) so it can be concluded that the hypothesis is accepted and based on the results of the coefficient of determination obtained the magnitude of the influence of the Probing Prompting model on the activeness of learning Christian Religious Education and Budi Pekerti Class XI students of SMK Negeri 1 Laguboti School Year 2023/2024 is 14.13% and another 85.87% is obtained from other inherent factors that are not examined in this study.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a positive and significant effect of the cooperative learning model of Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) Type on the Activeness of PAK Learning of XI class students of PGRI Siborongborong Private High School in the 2022/2023 Learning Year. The research method used is quantitative method with inferential descriptive data analysis. The population is all grade XI students of PGRI 20 Siborongborong High School in the 2022/2023 learning year who are Protestant Christians as many as 245 people and a sample of 49 people was determined using random sampling technique. Data were collected using a positive closed questionnaire as many as 40 items, namely 20 items for variable X and 20 items for variable Y. The results of data analysis show that there is a positive and significant effect of the cooperative learning model of Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) Type on PAK Learning Activity of XI grade students of PGRI Siborongborong Private Senior High School in the 2022/2023 Learning Year: 1) Analysis requirements test: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy value = 0.553> rtable (a=0.05, n=49) = 0.281. b) Significant relationship test obtained tcount = 4.555> ttable (a=0.05, dk=n-2=47) = 2.021. 2) Effect test: a) Regression equation test, obtained regression equation Y = 20.73 + 0.71X. b) Regression determination coefficient test (r2) = 30.6%. 3) Hypothesis testing using the F test obtained Fhitung> Ftabel = (a=0.05, dk numerator k = 19, dk denominator = n-2 = 49-2 = 47), namely 20.74> 1.51. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a positive and significant effect of the cooperative learning model of Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) Type on the Activeness of PAK Learning of XI class students of PGRI Siborongborong Private High School in the 2022/2023 Learning Year. The research method used is quantitative method with inferential descriptive data analysis. The population is all grade XI students of PGRI 20 Siborongborong High School in the 2022/2023 learning year who are Protestant Christians as many as 245 people and a sample of 49 people was determined using random sampling technique. Data were collected using a positive closed questionnaire as many as 40 items, namely 20 items for variable X and 20 items for variable Y. The results of data analysis show that there is a positive and significant effect of the cooperative learning model of Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) Type on PAK Learning Activity of XI grade students of PGRI Siborongborong Private Senior High School in the 2022/2023 Learning Year: 1) Analysis requirements test: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy value = 0.553> rtable (a=0.05, n=49) = 0.281. b) Significant relationship test obtained tcount = 4.555> ttable (a=0.05, dk=n-2=47) = 2.021. 2) Effect test: a) Regression equation test, obtained regression equation Y = 20.73 + 0.71X. b) Regression determination coefficient test (r2) = 30.6%. 3) Hypothesis testing using the F test obtained Fhitung> Ftabel = (a=0.05, dk numerator k = 19, dk denominator = n-2 = 49-2 = 47), namely 20.74> 1.51. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the Mastery Learning learning model on interest in studying Christian Religious Education and Characteristics of Class XII Students at SMA Negeri 1 Pahae Julu, North Tapanuli Regency for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. The research method is quantitative descriptive inferential. The population is all class Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 40 items. The results of data analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence of the Mastery Learning learning model on interest in studying Christian Religious Education and Characteristics of Class the positive value obtained is rxy = 0.594 > rtable(a=0.05,n=36) = 0.329. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained a value of tcount= 4.307 > ttable(a=0.05, dk=n-2=34)= 1.691. 2) Test the effect: a) Test the regression equation, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="14","69"+0.81X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 35.3%. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

The advent of the Internet as an effective means for resource sharing has consequently, led to proliferation of adversaries, with unauthorized access to network resources. Adversaries achieved fraudulent activities via carefully crafted attacks of large magnitude targeted at personal gains and rewards. With the cost of over $1.3Trillion lost globally to financial crimes and the rise in such fraudulent activities vis the use of credit-cards, financial institutions and major stakeholders must begin to explore and exploit better and improved means to secure client data and funds. Banks and financial services must harness the creative mode rendered by machine learning schemes to help effectively manage such fraud attacks and threats. We propose HyGAMoNNE – a hybrid modular genetic algorithm trained neural network ensemble to detect fraud activities. The hybrid, equipped with knowledge to altruistically detect fraud on credit card transactions. Results show that the hybrid effectively differentiates, the benign class attacks/threats from genuine credit card transaction(s) with model accuracy of 92%.

This research was conducted at MTsN 1 Kota Payakumbuh based on several problems that the author found in class VIII MTsN 1 Kota Payakumbuh. This study was motivated by the lack of variety in the learning model applied in class, so that students were less active and felt bored in participating in the learning process, learning outcomes were less than optimal, and did not match what was expected. This research aims to find out how fiqh learning is implemented using the discovery learning model and the effectiveness of implementing the discovery learning model on the fiqh learning outcomes of class VIII students at MTsN 1 Kota Payakumbuh. This research is quantitative experimental research using a quasi-experimental approach. This research is located at MTsN 1 Kota Payakumbuh. The sample in this study consisted of two classes, namely the control class and the experimental class, with sampling using random sampling techniques. The instruments used in this research were observation, learning outcomes tests, and documentation. Based on research results from the N-Gain Score test results, it can be seen that the average score for the experimental class using the discovery learning model is 63.3982 or 63%, which is in the quite effective category. Meanwhile, for the control class whose learning was through lectures, an average of 24.0655 or 24% was obtained, which was included in the ineffective category. This means that there are significant differences in student learning outcomes between classes that use the discovery learning model and classes that do not use the discovery learning model. So, it can be concluded that there is effectiveness in applying the discovery learning model to the Fiqh learning outcomes of Class VIII students at MTsN 1 Kota Payakumbuh.  

This research was conducted at MTsN 1 Kota Payakumbuh based on several problems that the author found in class VIII MTsN 1 Kota Payakumbuh. This study was motivated by the lack of variety in the learning model applied in class, so that students were less active and felt bored in participating in the learning process, learning outcomes were less than optimal, and did not match what was expected. This research aims to find out how fiqh learning is implemented using the discovery learning model and the effectiveness of implementing the discovery learning model on the fiqh learning outcomes of class VIII students at MTsN 1 Kota Payakumbuh. This research is quantitative experimental research using a quasi-experimental approach. This research is located at MTsN 1 Kota Payakumbuh. The sample in this study consisted of two classes, namely the control class and the experimental class, with sampling using random sampling techniques. The instruments used in this research were observation, learning outcomes tests, and documentation. Based on research results from the N-Gain Score test results, it can be seen that the average score for the experimental class using the discovery learning model is 63.3982 or 63%, which is in the quite effective category. Meanwhile, for the control class whose learning was through lectures, an average of 24.0655 or 24% was obtained, which was included in the ineffective category. This means that there are significant differences in student learning outcomes between classes that use the discovery learning model and classes that do not use the discovery learning model. So, it can be concluded that there is effectiveness in applying the discovery learning model to the Fiqh learning outcomes of Class VIII students at MTsN 1 Kota Payakumbuh.  

The research aims to determine the positive and significant influence of using the problem based learning model on the interest in learning PAK of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2022/2023 academic year. The research hypothesis is that there is a positive and significant influence between the use of the problem based learning model on the interest in learning PAK of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2022/2023 academic year. This research is a regression research using Descriptive and Inferential Statistics techniques. The population of all class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon who are Protestant Christians is 190 people. Random sampling (random sampling) is 25% of the total population, namely 48 people. The research instrument is a closed questionnaire. From the determination coefficient test, the value r2 = 0.2520 is obtained. From the determination value (r2), it can be seen that the percentage of influence between the use of the problem based learning model on the interest in learning PAK of class VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2022/2023 academic year is 25.20% and 74 .80% is influenced by other factors as explained in the literature review, namely factors in the school environment, factors in the home environment, factors in the community environment. The results of the analysis requirements obtained the value rxy=0.502>rtabel=0.284 and tcount=3.937>ttable=2.021, indicating that there is a relationship between the use of the problem based learning model and students' interest in learning PAK and obtaining the regression equation. Hypothesis testing obtained Fcount=52.15>Ftable=3.23, so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The research concluded that there was a positive and significant influence between the use of the problem based learning model on the interest in learning PAK of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2022/2023 academic year of 25.20%.

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model on the learning motivation of Christian Religious Education and Character in Class X SMA Negeri 1 Pagaran for the 2022/2023 Academic Year. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The population is all classes Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire totaling 36 items, of which 15 questionnaire items were for variables Christianity and Characteristics of Class Thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variables b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 24.3%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0.05, dk numerator k=15, dk denominator=n-2=42-2=40) namely 12.83 > 1.92. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected where F calculated is greater than F table, then there is a positive and significant influence between the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model on the learning motivation of Christian Religious Education and Character of Class X SMA Negeri 1 Pagaran in the Learning Year 2022/2023 amounting to 24.3%.

This research aims to find out whether the use of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model can influence the active learning of Christian Religious Education and Character in class XI students at SMA Negeri 1 Pangaribuan for the 2022/2023 academic year. The method used in this research is quantitative with a descriptive inferential approach. The population is all class Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 35 items. The results of data analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on the active learning of Christian Religious Education and Character Education for class The positive relationship test obtained a value of rxy = 0.480 > rtabel(a=0,05,n=63)=0,244. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained a value of t = 4.271 > t table ttabel(a=0,05,dk=n-2=61)= 2,000. 2) Test the effect: a) Test the regression equation, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="30","14"+0.37X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 23%. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

The aim of this research is to find out whether the effect of increasing the learning activity of Christian religious education and the character of students who are taught using the sequential picture learning model (picture and picture) is higher than students who are taught without the sequential picture learning model (picture and picture) in class VII SMP Negeri 4 Siborongborong for the 2023/2024 academic year. This research uses a Posttest-Only Control type experimental method. The population is all VII SMP Negeri 4 Siborongborong for the 2023/2024 academic year, totaling 235 people. The sample was determined using a technique taken deliberately (purposive sampling) with the specified conditions that the experimental learning material was in that class, namely 35 students in class VII-2 as the experimental class and 35 students in VII-3 as the control class. The research instrument used 30 closed numbers. The t test used is the Separated Variance t test according to the test analysis requirements, namely n1=n2 and the variance of the two sample groups is homogeneous. The results of hypothesis testing obtained a value of t = 7.941> t table (α = 0.05; dk = n1 + n2-2 = 35 + 35-2 = 68) = t table 1.671, so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. This research concludes that there is an increase in the learning activity of Christian Religious Education and Characteristics of students who are taught using the sequential picture learning model (picture and picture) which is higher than students who are taught without the sequential learning model (picture and picture) in class VII of SMP Negeri 4 Siborongborong Year Learning 2023/2024.

The aim of this research is to gain a general understanding of how learning is implemented. At Al MAdina Islamic Elementary School Semarang, Indonesia, class IVA students took part in a simple experiment on the photosynthesis process using a quantum learning model to improve learning outcomes. Classroom action research (PTK), a form of research consisting of four stages: planning, implementation, observation and reflection, is a stage in each cycle. The research was carried out in two cycles, with one meeting each cycle. Student worksheets were used to collect research data. Quantitative and qualitative analysis methods are used in the data analysis process. Based on learning results, it can be seen from the pre-cycle that 14% of students completed and 86% of students did not complete. Cycle I obtained 61% completeness and 39% incomplete. Meanwhile, in cycle II, reflection was carried out so that there was an increase from cycle I with completion achievements of 93% of students completing and 7% of students not completing. By applying the Quantum Learning model in simple experiments using games, it can make students happy in participating in learning so that it can improve student learning outcomes in science subjects, especially photosynthesis process material in class IVA at Almadina Islamic Elementary School, Semarang.