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The research approach used is Classroom Action Research which is carried out in 2 cycles where each cycle is as many as 4 meetings, as for the learning steps given in the classroom action research approach, namely paying attention to teacher explanations, asking questions during discussions, collaborating with groups, presenting results and concluding material.The results showed that there was an increase in student learning outcomes seen from the test results obtained by students each cycle increased, besides that student activity in the classroom also increased. This can be seen from the number of percentages in the first cycle of the first meeting only got a percentage of 57.6% and 84.61% in the second meeting in the second cycle of the previous one, this is because students do not understand the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model. It was concluded that by using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model. In learning Civics class IV UPT SPF SD Inpres Bontomanai is able to improve student learning outcomes.

This study explores the potential of mobile educational applications to enhance student-centered inquiry-based learning (IBL) in secondary school classrooms. As traditional, teacher-centered pedagogies fail to adequately engage students in critical thinking and problem-solving, IBL offers a promising alternative that encourages active participation and deeper learning. The research investigates how mobile applications can support IBL by facilitating the inquiry process, such as data collection, hypothesis formulation, and collaboration. Through a quasi-experimental design involving secondary school students, the study compares the effectiveness of traditional teaching methods and mobile-assisted IBL. Results indicate that students using mobile applications showed significant improvements in critical thinking, engagement, and academic performance compared to those taught through traditional methods. Teachers and students both reported high satisfaction with mobile apps, particularly in terms of ease of use and educational value. The findings suggest that integrating mobile technologies into the classroom can create more interactive, accessible, and personalized learning experiences, fostering critical thinking and enhancing student outcomes. However, challenges related to infrastructure, teacher training, and digital literacy must be addressed to fully harness the potential of mobile-assisted inquiry-based learning.

This research aims to determine a role-playing strategy model in strengthening religious character through learning short story texts. The research method used is the Design Based Research (DBR) method. The research stage is divided into five parts, namely problem identification, product development formulation, product design and development, product testing, and communicating results. The results of observing teacher activities through role playing strategies show that the score obtained from observer one is 92 in the very good category, while the score obtained by observer two is 90 in the very good category. The results of observing students' activities through role playing strategies showed that the score obtained from observer one was 94 in the very good category, while the score obtained by observer two was 92 in the very good category. Based on the results of data analysis obtained from students' self-assessment questionnaires regarding strengthening religious character through learning short story texts using role-playing strategies. The total score obtained by students was 1163 and the average number obtained from 15 students was 77 with a percentage of 96%. To strengthen the character of religiosity in students, teachers must be more creative in cultivating the value of religious character in students through the learning process.

Indonesian language subjects consist of several subjects that require students to be able to write, one of which is writing expository texts. The student participants had problems in writing material, especially writing expository texts, which was proven by the average score which was still not optimal. The formulation of the problem raised in this research is how the window shopping type cooperative learning model influences the ability to write expository texts of class X students at Budisatrya Medan Private High School. This research aims to determine the effect of the window shopping type cooperative learning model on the ability to write expository texts of class X students at Budisatrya Medan Private High School. This research is a type of quantitative research using experimental methods, a research method used to determine the effect of a treatment on the characteristics of the subjects studied. The data collection techniques used in this research were observation techniques, interview techniques and test techniques, with data sources consisting of 35 students. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that: The window shopping type cooperative learning model has an influence on the ability to write expository texts in class This can be seen and proven by the average post-test results for the control class being 69.857 with the average post-test results for the experimental class being 85.

This research aims to improve and develop students' abilities to learn how to think critically in finding solutions to problems. Based learning strategy is a learning strategy that invites students to learn independently, carry out discussions, find solutions to solve problems and be able to draw conclusions. This research aims to examine more deeply problem-based learning strategies so that students can develop their abilities to overcome complex and diverse problems. The data collection used by researchers is a literature study by studying and citing several sources from textbooks, articles, journals, modules and other publications. The use of this learning strategy is expected to improve students' problem solving abilities.  

Problem-based learning is an educational approach that centers around the exploration of real-world problems, with an emphasis on finding genuine solutions through realistic investigation. The objective of this study is to ascertain the outcomes of students' learning achievement through the implementation of a problem-based learning approach, specifically focusing on the topic of animal classification. This study employs the methodology of classroom action research. The research was conducted at SMP Negeri 8 Kei Besar. The participants of the study consisted of 33 pupils in the seventh grade. The research findings indicated that the rate of classical learning achievement in the first cycle was 27%, with a mean score of 62%, while in the second cycle it increased to 81.9%, with an average score of 76%. The findings of this study demonstrate that the utilization of a problem-based learning approach in teaching animal classification can enhance students' academic achievements.    

The aim of this research is to develop valid and practical learning media for the basics of visual communication design. The process of learning the basics of visual communication design at SMKN 1 Pasaman is not optimal, this is caused by several problems, namely the availability of learning media only in the form of printed books that students borrow from the school library. This causes students to not understand the learning material and be less motivated to study and cause low student grades. Based on the data obtained, the students' KKM completion score was only 53%. This research uses the Research and Development (R&D) research and development method with the ADDIE model which consists of 5 stages, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation at each stage. This research involved 36 class X DKV students who took part in learning the basics of visual communication design. The results of this research are Android-based learning software that can be used as a complement to the learning process, especially in the basics of visual communication design subjects. Data collection techniques are in the form of observations and questionnaires, while data collection instruments are in the form of validity questionnaires and practicality questionnaires. The data analysis technique uses a Likert scale with the Aiken formula. The results of this research show that the validity value of the media is an average of 81.53% in the "Very Valid" category, while the validity of the material is an average of 93.85% in the "Very Practical" category and the teacher's practicality assessment is an average of 81.77% in the "Practical" category. " while students' practicality assessment averaged 83.3% in the "Practical" category.

The aim of this research is to develop valid and practical learning media for the basics of visual communication design. The process of learning the basics of visual communication design at SMKN 1 Pasaman is not optimal, this is caused by several problems, namely the availability of learning media only in the form of printed books that students borrow from the school library. This causes students to not understand the learning material and be less motivated to study and cause low student grades. Based on the data obtained, the students' KKM completion score was only 53%. This research uses the Research and Development (R&D) research and development method with the ADDIE model which consists of 5 stages, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation at each stage. This research involved 36 class X DKV students who took part in learning the basics of visual communication design. The results of this research are Android-based learning software that can be used as a complement to the learning process, especially in the basics of visual communication design subjects. Data collection techniques are in the form of observations and questionnaires, while data collection instruments are in the form of validity questionnaires and practicality questionnaires. The data analysis technique uses a Likert scale with the Aiken formula. The results of this research show that the validity value of the media is an average of 81.53% in the "Very Valid" category, while the validity of the material is an average of 93.85% in the "Very Practical" category and the teacher's practicality assessment is an average of 81.77% in the "Practical" category. " while students' practicality assessment averaged 83.3% in the "Practical" category.

This research aims to describe the short story writing ability of class IV students at SD Inpres Andi Tonro Makassar through the Problem Based Learning model and to describe the effective Problem Based Learning learning model applied in writing short stories for class IV students at SD Inpres Andi Tonro Makassar. This research uses the one group pretest-posttest design research method. The population in this study were all students in class IVA and class IVB at SD Inpres Andi Tonro Makassar. The sampling technique used is a data source retrieval technique with certain considerations with experimental class and control class samples. The instrument used is a test instrument in the form of essay questions to measure students' short story writing results using the Pretest - Posttest. Based on the research results, it shows that students' ability to write short stories after using the Problem Based Learning learning model in the experimental class is in the high category, namely a posttest result of 90.42. Meanwhile, the average score of the control class posttest results was in the low category, 72.50. It is proven in the management results of the hypothesis that Sig (2. Tailed) = 0.000, meaning that H_0 is rejected because Sig (2. Tailed) < α or (0.000 < 0.05). H_1 is accepted because Sig (Tailed) > α or (0.596 > 0.05). In the analysis of the T Sig <t_tabel or (0.596 <1.746) test, it is concluded that H_0 is rejected and H_1 is accepted, meaning that there is significant effectiveness of the Problem Based Learning model in learning to write short stories for fourth grade students at SD Inpres Andi Tonro Makassar.

The main problem in this research is how to improve students' narrative writing skills using series of image media. The aim of this research is to improve the narrative writing skills of class III students at SDI Ra'ong, West Manggarai Regency using series image media. This research is classroom action research or what is called CAR (Classroom Action Research). The subjects in this research were class III students at SDI Ra'ong, West Manggarai Regency in the 2023/2024 academic year with a total of 10 students. There are 4 male students and 6 female students. The data collection techniques used in this research are tests, observation and documentation. The results of the research showed that there was an increase in student learning outcomes from students from cycle I to cycle II, where in cycle I the percentage of student completion was 30%, while in cycle II the percentage reached 100%. Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded that the learning outcomes of class III students at SDI Ra'ong, West Manggarai Regency have increased after implementing the use of series image media.

The title of this thesis is Profile of Study Habits of Class VII A Students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 Academic Year. The problems in this study are: 1) What is the profile of study habits of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year? 2) What are the implications of the study habit profile of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year for the tutoring program? The purpose of the study was to find out: 1) Profile of study habits of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year, 2) Implications of the profile of study habits of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year, for the tutoring program. This research method uses quantitative descriptive methods with data collection tools in the form of questionnaires of student study habits. The population and sample of this study are 26 students of grade VII A SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year. The data analysis technique used is central trend analysis. The results of the analysis of research data showed that the average study habits of 140.9730 students were in the range of 120-155 scores, classified as high. It can be interpreted that grade VII A students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year have good study habits. This can be seen through student attitudes, namely making study schedules and their implementation, reading and taking notes, completing assignments, how to follow lessons, how to study groups, how to study independently at home. Based on the results of this study, researchers provide advice to: 1) Head Schools are expected to maintain and improve cooperation with BK teachers, facilitate and support all tutoring program designs in schools to be carried out properly in order to maintain good student learning habits. 2) Guidance Teachers Guidance counselors are expected to design and develop tutoring programs to maintain good student study habits. 3) Students are expected to actively utilize tutoring activities carried out by BK teachers to maintain good student study habits.

The title of this thesis is Profile of Study Habits of Class VII A Students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 Academic Year. The problems in this study are: 1) What is the profile of study habits of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year? 2) What are the implications of the study habit profile of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year for the tutoring program? The purpose of the study was to find out: 1) Profile of study habits of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year, 2) Implications of the profile of study habits of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year, for the tutoring program. This research method uses quantitative descriptive methods with data collection tools in the form of questionnaires of student study habits. The population and sample of this study are 26 students of grade VII A SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year. The data analysis technique used is central trend analysis. The results of the analysis of research data showed that the average study habits of 140.9730 students were in the range of 120-155 scores, classified as high. It can be interpreted that grade VII A students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year have good study habits. This can be seen through student attitudes, namely making study schedules and their implementation, reading and taking notes, completing assignments, how to follow lessons, how to study groups, how to study independently at home. Based on the results of this study, researchers provide advice to: 1) Head Schools are expected to maintain and improve cooperation with BK teachers, facilitate and support all tutoring program designs in schools to be carried out properly in order to maintain good student learning habits. 2) Guidance Teachers Guidance counselors are expected to design and develop tutoring programs to maintain good student study habits. 3) Students are expected to actively utilize tutoring activities carried out by BK teachers to maintain good student study habits.

Education in Indonesia is currently experiencing a significant paradigm shift, with an increasing focus on developing student independence. This article aims to investigate good practices that support educational transformation towards independence at SMA Negeri 3 Medan. The research method used is a qualitative approach, through in-depth interviews with teaching staff, classroom observations, and analysis of school documents. The research results show that there are a number of good practices at SMA Negeri 3 Medan that support student independence. Among them are the implementation of project-based learning which encourages students to take initiative and collaborate in solving problems, the use of technology as a learning tool that expands access to information, as well as the development of diverse extracurricular programs to facilitate the development of students' skills and interests outside the academic curriculum.These findings highlight the commitment of SMA Negeri 3 Medan in creating a learning environment that supports student independence. The implication of these findings is the importance of adopting liberating educational practices in other schools to increase learning effectiveness and prepare students to face complex future challenges.

This article discussed the important role of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in the learning process. Critical thinking skills, creative, and problem-solving skills in the 21st century is essential to prepare competent young generation. Despite the rapid development of technology, Indonesia's PISA score is still very low. Improving the curriculum by prioritizing the development of HOTS-based skills can be a solution to deal with this phenomenon. The method which used in conducting this article is the literature study method. This method is used in collecting data, analyzing, and synthesizing the findings by specifying the topic of the role of HOTS in the learning process. The conclusion is that the integration of HOTS in learning is the key to preparing students who are able to think critically, creatively and solve problems that encountered in their environment.

Recognizing outstanding students is an essential strategy to encourage learners to improve their academic performance and overall learning quality. However, the process of selecting the best students at SMK Negeri 1 Raman Utara still encounters significant challenges due to the complexity of the evaluation criteria, which include academic achievement, attendance, participation in extracurricular activities, and student behavior. The current manual selection method is considered less effective because it is time-consuming and susceptible to subjectivity in decision-making. This study aims to address these issues by developing a technology-based Decision Support System utilizing the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. SAW was chosen for its efficiency in solving multi-criteria problems through matrix normalization and preference weighting for each alternative. The development process includes requirement analysis, system design, and the implementation of an automated ranking mechanism for student candidates. Based on the testing results, the implemented system can process assessment data rapidly and produce accurate and objective rankings of high-achieving students. The system offers a practical solution for the school by enhancing transparency and validity in the selection process, minimizing human calculation errors, and supporting more equitable and data-driven decision-making.

This study examines problem-solving strategies for Islamic religious education in pharmacy campus environments, motivated by the importance of Islamic education in shaping students' character, ethics, and morals, as well as the unique challenges of integrating Islamic values with modern pharmaceutical science. The main issues identified include lack of student interest and motivation, difficulties in integrating religious values with pharmacy materials, limited time and lesson allocations, and insufficient facilities supporting religious activities. The research aims to discover appropriate strategies to address these issues and enhance the effectiveness of Islamic education in pharmacy campuses. The findings reveal several key strategies that can be implemented, including: establishing binding regulations, organizing meetings with off-campus religious lecturers, coordinating with student affairs departments, combining suitable learning methods, increasing worship practices, strengthening basic religious understanding, creating engaging religious activities, and habituating Quran reading before lectures. The study's conclusion emphasizes the importance of implementing these strategies comprehensively and sustainably, with support from the entire academic community, to produce a young generation excelling in academics and possessing noble character based on Islamic values.

The development of critical thinking skills in Islamic education is becoming increasingly important in this modern era, where students are expected to be able to analyze, evaluate and create new knowledge. This article explores pedagogical approaches that can be applied to improve critical thinking skills in Islamic education classrooms as well as teachers' perspectives regarding their implementation. Through literature studies and interviews with educators, this research identified a variety of strategies, including problem-based discussions, text analysis, and use of technology. The findings show that developing an interactive and participatory learning environment can help students develop better critical thinking skills. This article emphasizes the importance of training for teachers to support the implementation of these strategies in the context of Islamic education.

Teaching the Al-Qur’an is the core of Islamic education, with the main aim of guiding children in reading, studying and understanding the Koran from an early age. The Al-Qur'an Education Park (TPQ) serves as an important platform to instill a love of the Al-Qur'an in children. Even though many TPQs have been successful with good administration and management and a large number of students, there are still TPQs that have not developed, such as the TPQ in Glidah Kedamean Village, Gresik. Observations show that learning management at TPQ does not meet recognized management and curriculum standards in education, resulting in suboptimal educational attainment. Responding to this problem, the Glidah Village TPQ Teacher Management Optimization team, together with KSPPS BMT Khoiru Ummah, initiated an intensive community service-based mentoring program using the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method. The mentoring process involves several stages, starting from identifying problems through field observations, organizing and planning programs, to implementing program actions. The results of discussions and implementation of mentoring revealed a number of problems faced by teachers regarding TPQ management. The implementation of this mentoring activity has been empirically proven to have a positive impact, increasing the effectiveness of management and the quality of education at the TPQ.

Learning with Stimulus Environment Problem Solving (SEPS) is an involved learning process student in a way active good in network nor outside network in reading, writing, doing experiment, and analyze, as well look for solution to the problem social related science environment public.  This study aims to know the effectiveness of the Stimulus Environment Problem Solving (SEPS) learning model so that can increase ability think level high among students biology education Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Method in study this is correlate ability think critical and solving problem 2 groups student a total of 40 students where is one group totaling 20 students use learning model of Stimulus Environment Problem Solving (SEPS) and other groups with Project based Learning. Analysis hypothesis using the t test and effect size. Based on application of the Stimulus Environment Problem Solving (SEPS) model in the classroom experiment experience increase in t test results significant in cycle I and cycle II. Based on the effect size test, the effectiveness of the Stimulus Environment Problem Solving (SEPS) model is included in category tall with value 3.244 so effectiveness of the Stimulus Environment Problem Solving (SEPS) model on Skills think level tall own category tall.

This research aims to determine the application of problem-based learning to improve problem-solving skills in environmental change material. The type of research used is classroom action, which consists of 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subjects in this research were 30 students in class X MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 3 Bengkayang. The research instrument used was a problem-solving skills observation sheet. The results showed that problem-solving skills increased from quite skilled to skilled. The percentage of each indicator of problem-solving skills has increased. Increase indicators identifying information gaps and the need for action by 18.97%, processing information to understand problems and making decisions by 19.83%, reaching solutions by 23.27%, and communicating decisions by 18.98%. Thus, problem-based learning can improve problem-solving skills.