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The phenomenon of code switching in TikTok is increasingly widespread among young Indonesians. Mixing Indonesian with foreign languages, especially English, is a communication style that is considered expressive, modern and a digital identity. This study aims to identify forms of code switching in TikTok content and analyze its implications for planning and fostering Indonesian in the digital era. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data in the form of screenshots of TikTok videos containing code switching. The results of the analysis show that the code switching that occurs is mixed and situational and has affective, stylistic functions, as a marker of social identity. Although it reflects language creativity, excessive use of code switching can have negative impacts such as shifting the structure of the Indonesian language, decreasing positive attitudes towards the national language, and hindering effective language development efforts. This study is expected to be an important input for educators, policy makers and the wider community in maintaining the sustainability and dignity of the Indonesian language in the digital era. Keywords: Code switching, TikTok, Language development, Indonesian, Digital Era

Children in orphanages often face unique challenges in character formation due to limited educational stimulation and diverse social interactions, despite their basic needs being met. The interactive education model applied in the "Devotion in Action, Love in Education: Weaving Character with the Nation's Children" project focuses on a participatory approach through activities such as Story Telling, "Tree of Goodness," Ball Relay, and Water Balloon Volleyball. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing an interactive education model in the character development of children at Sabilul Muhtadien Orphanage in Plosokerep, Sananwetan District, Blitar City. The research method employed is a case study with a qualitative approach, reinforced by participatory observation and informal interviews with caregivers and children from the orphanage. The results indicate high enthusiasm from the children and positive responses from caregivers, signifying the program's success in instilling character values such as critical thinking, mutual cooperation, creativity, independence, and solidarity. The implications of this research highlight the importance of adopting dynamic and activity-based education models in efforts to shape children's character in orphanages, focusing not only on knowledge transfer but also on direct experience and holistic potential development. holistik.

Modern education has undergone significant transformation with the integration of technology into learning. Technology plays a crucial role in enhancing motivation, creativity, and learning effectiveness through interactive media, digital applications, and online platforms. This review employs a literature study method to analyze the impact of technology on learning processes. The analysis reveals that technology facilitates access to information, increases student engagement, and enriches teaching strategies. However, challenges such as technological access gaps in remote areas, limited teacher competencies, and potential negative impacts like internet addiction and reduced communication skills persist. Hence, strategic approaches, including teacher training and infrastructure development, are needed. This study highlights the importance of wise implementation of technology to support inclusive and sustainable education.

The role of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) is very significant for the growth of Indonesia’s economy, accounting for 99% of all business units. The development of MSMEs in Blitar Regency has experienced significant growth in terms of both the number of entrepreneurs and revenue. The objectives of this research are (1) to identify and analyze the potential of the creative economy in the development of MSMEs in Blitar Regency, (2) to formulate appropriate strategies to enhance the competitiveness and growth of MSMEs in the creative economy sector in Blitar Regency. The approach used in this research is a phenomenological qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation and structured interviews conducted with key informants of this study, such as MSMEs actors, local government officials from the Department of Industry and Trade, and the Cooperative Office. The data analysis technique was conducted using data triangulation with the following steps: data collection, data analysis, conclusion, and data validation. The research results show that the creative economy model used by the local government in developing MSMEs in Blitar Regency includes the utilization of ideas and creativity, strengthening MSMEs through digitalization, business mentoring, development of superior products, and connection with the people's economy. The challenges in the development of MSMEs include increasingly tight market competition both online and offline; limited access to capital; limited access to digital technology; lack of understanding of business management; limited product innovation; ineffective marketing; and business legality. The strategies implemented include enhancing digital marketing, improving product and service quality, strengthening business capital, increasing capacity and skills, utilizing technology, promoting and marketing products, and strengthening institutions and governance.

The Nearpod Implementation Training, attended by ten students from the Indonesian Language Education Study Program was conducted, with the aim of enhancing student engagement in learning and preparing gen-z pre-service teachers to become interactive and innovative educators. this activity was designed based on students’ needs for improved digital literacy and pedagogical competence in designing technology-integrated learning. the method included need identification, in-person training, demonstration of Nearpod features, and hands-on practice in creating interactive learning content. The training evaluation used three instruments: a training evaluation questionnaire, field notes, and a participant assessment rubric. the results revealed significant improvements in five key areas: technological proficiency, student engagement strategies, confidence in digital teaching, creativity, and peer collaboration. Participants with diverse technological backgrounds were able to show meaningful progress due to the inclusive and interactive training approach. these findings emphasize the importance of strengthening pre-service teachers’ competencies through participatory digital tools like Nearpod to address the challenges of 21st century learning.

This study examines the usage behavior of art college students of digital libraries within the context of digital intelligence in Sichuan. It explores how motivational factors, knowledge, and traits influence students' engagement with digital resources. The research highlights that intrinsic motivations, such as personal interest and creativity, significantly drive students to utilize digital libraries effectively. Additionally, the level of digital literacy and familiarity with available resources plays a crucial role in determining usage frequency and depth. Personality traits, such as openness and conscientiousness, also influence how students interact with these platforms. By understanding these dynamics, the study aims to provide insights for educational institutions to enhance digital library services, ultimately fostering better academic outcomes and career readiness for art students in a rapidly evolving digital landscape. The findings suggest that student usage behavior correlates with the influence of motivation, knowledge, and traits in a sample of 385 art college students.

This study aims to improve students' creativity through the application of project-based learning models (PjBL) with modern puppet media in fine arts subjects at the Senior High School (SMA) level. The background of this study is based on the low creativity of students due to the conventional approach to fine arts learning and the lack of integration of media and technology in learning. The study was conducted as Classroom Action Research (CAR) with a descriptive qualitative approach implemented in class XI of SMA Negeri 46 Jakarta. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, documentation, learning outcome tests, and questionnaires. The results of the study showed that the application of project-based learning models with modern puppet media significantly increased teacher and student activity in the learning process, improved learning outcomes, and received positive responses from students. Modern puppets have proven to be an effective medium in stimulating imagination, strengthening local cultural values, and building student character. This study recommends the use of creatively modified traditional media as an educational tool in developing student creativity in the era of the independent curriculum. The results of the study showed that the application of project-based learning models with modern puppet media significantly increase teacher and student activities in the learning process, improve learning outcomes, and receive positive responses from students. Modern puppets have proven to be an effective medium in stimulating imagination, strengthening local cultural values, and building student character. This study recommends the use of creatively modified

The Kampunge Arek Suroboyo Gender- and Child-Friendly (KAS-RPA) Program is an initiative launched by the Surabaya City Government to establish a child-friendly city through women's empowerment and child protection. This program focuses on various key indicators, including education, health, caregiving, safety, and creativity. This community service activity aims to provide assistance in the development of the KAS-RPA portfolio in RW 04, Gundih Sub-District, Bubutan District, Surabaya City, which serves as the designated community service site. The method employed in this community service program includes socialization of the KAS-RPA program to local cadres, followed by intensive consultations and discussions. The assistance process encompasses the identification of village potentials, collection of relevant documentation, and portfolio development in accordance with established guidelines. The outcome of this community service demonstrates the successful implementation of all KAS-RPA program indicators in RW 04, supported by the residents' favorable socio-economic awareness and educational background. This has resulted in a safe and comfortable living environment, with minimal occurrences of violations against children's rights or violence against women.In conclusion, the collaboration between facilitators and local cadres has proven effective in exploring and implementing the program's indicators. It is recommended that the program's coverage area be expanded and that similar activities be continuously conducted to maximize the program's positive impact throughout the city.

This community service program focuses on empowering the local community of Kertosari Village, Purwosari District, Pasuruan Regency, through creative batik-making based on local wisdom. This activity aims to support the development of sustainable ecotourism and enhance the competitiveness of tourist destinations in the global era. Tourism, as defined in Indonesian Law No. 10 of 2009, includes activities aimed at recreation, self-development, and exploration of local attractions. Kertosari Village, recipient of the 2019 Indonesia Sustainable Tourism Award, has strong potential as an ecotourism village with unique natural and cultural assets. Through training and capacity-building, this program seeks to equip local residents with batik-making skills that can serve as cultural products for tourism promotion. Funded by Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya and supported by community partners, this initiative includes training sessions, seminars, and publications in SINTA-accredited journals and digital platforms. The expected outcomes are increased community participation in tourism, enhanced creative skills, and economic empowerment. Ultimately, this program aims to strengthen the identity of Kertosari Village as a sustainable tourist destination, while preserving local cultural heritage through batik.  

This study explores the implementation of liturgical music norms by Catholic Youth (Orang Muda Katolik/OMK) in the St. Raphael Sub-Parish, Saitnihuta. The research aims to examine the extent to which OMK participate in liturgical music ministry in accordance with the principles established by the Catholic Church, particularly regarding the use of liturgical songs and musical instruments. Employing a qualitative descriptive method, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that OMK show commendable enthusiasm and active involvement in liturgical celebrations by singing hymns from official Church songbooks such as Puji Syukur and by accompanying the liturgy with instruments like guitars, cajons, and keyboards. While this reflects a genuine commitment to serve, it also exposes a lack of structured guidance and theological understanding related to the use of music in the liturgy. Many OMK rely on imitation and personal experience in selecting songs and instruments, often prioritizing the creation of a lively atmosphere rather than enhancing the sacredness of the liturgy. Moreover, the absence of traditional musical instruments and limited liturgical catechesis hinder the proper application of inculturation principles. This study underscores the urgent need for structured formation programs and official liturgical music guidelines to support OMK. With proper mentoring, the creativity and zeal of young people can be nurtured to align with the Church’s vision of sacred, beautiful, and appropriate liturgical music—thus enabling them to become true ministers of prayer who deepen the community’s encounter with the mystery of Christ.

The digital media era is marked by a major shift in how information is accessed, produced, and disseminated. The internet and electronic devices such as smartphones enable anyone to become an information producer through social media, blogs, and other digital platforms. Media is no longer dominated by large institutions but also by ordinary individuals, creating a more democratic communication space. Digital communication enables the two-way exchange of messages in the form of text, images, audio, and video, accelerating the dissemination of information and strengthening collaboration across distances. However, challenges such as the spread of hoaxes and the ethical use of digital media still require attention. One form of active community participation is citizen journalism, where individuals cover and share local issues through digital media. This was evident in the OMK Week activities at Liwulagang Parish, which were documented by the OMK team through photos and videos. This documentation aims to preserve archives, serve as material for reflection, and expand publications to the congregation through social media, especially Facebook. The content shared emphasizes the spirituality, solidarity, and creativity of OMK, while also motivating the younger generation to become active in church life. To support citizens' ability to utilize digital media appropriately, journalism training was conducted to increase public understanding of the wise use of social media. The research methods used in this activity included data collection, outreach, and interviews, with results demonstrating the importance of open communication, feedback between presenters and participants, and active community participation.

This study aims to describe the use of visual media in the microteaching learning process. The main focus of the research is to understand how visual media is utilized in student teaching practice and its impact on their teaching skills. This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The research subjects are education students who are currently enrolled in a microteaching course. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the use of visual media in microteaching enhances the clarity of material delivery, attracts the attention of simulated students, and assists students in developing more structured learning strategies. Visual media also encourages students’ creativity in designing engaging and communicative learning activities. Therefore, the use of visual media in microteaching contributes positively to improving the pedagogical competence of prospective teachers.

This study explores the influence of locus of control on junior high school students’ creative mathematical thinking and its implications for instructional strategies. Using a quantitative approach with a descriptive correlational method, 16 eighth-grade students from various Jakarta schools participated. The research instruments consisted of a questionnaire and a creative thinking test. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test indicated that the data were not normally distributed, prompting the use of the Wilcoxon non-parametric test. The findings revealed a significant relationship between locus of control and students’ creative thinking abilities (p = 0.013 < 0.05). These results highlight the importance of strengthening internal control beliefs to foster creativity in mathematical problem-solving.

Participative leadership in dakwah institutions offers clear benefits. Literature indicates this style improves decision quality and spurs innovation, as members with relevant knowledge contribute creative solutions. It fosters an inclusive culture where stakeholders feel valued, responsible, and committed to collective decisions. Organizational effectiveness and efficiency rise with increased participation and member engagement. However, full implementation encounters practical challenges. In dakwah organizations with hierarchical traditions, resistance to power-sharing and trust deficits can cause conflict and decision delays. Limited leadership capacity and communication skills among members become obstacles if leaders are untrained in participative methods. Organizational theory thus recommends adaptive strategies: leaders should establish effective communication channels, empower teams, and implement context-specific leadership training programs. Case studies suggest these measures build a sustainable collaborative culture that supports innovation in dakwah programs. In summary, participative leadership, when combined with appropriate training and a supportive culture, can enhance effectiveness, foster creativity, and ensure organizational sustainability in religious outreach.

The 21st century has brought significant challenges and transformations to the world of education, demanding a curriculum that integrates critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication skills (4C), as well as digital literacy and ethical responsibility. This study aims to explore a contextual curriculum design for Christian Religious Education (PAK) that is relevant to the holistic development of students in today's era. Using a qualitative descriptive method based on literature review, the research analyzes theoretical concepts and previous studies related to contextual and character-based Christian education. The findings show that a transformative and contextual PAK curriculum must address not only the cognitive dimension but also affective and psychomotor aspects, rooted in real-life experiences and local cultural contexts. The role of teachers as facilitators, curriculum designers, and role models is central to effective implementation. This study provides implications for curriculum development policies, teacher training, and further research in applied classroom settings.

The development of fantasy makeup ideas is often used as a channel of expression in the growing field of makeup, as well as taking ideas from various sources that are often known as adaptations. The purpose of this study is to overcome the saturation of society towards conventional makeup and develop an understanding of the adaptation of fantasy makeup with mixed media-based tree theme. The method used in this study is the method of research and Development (Research and Development or R&D) with ADDIE development model. Based on the calculation results, it can be concluded that the color and visual composition, conformity with the theme and character, creativity and innovation, application techniques and neatness, visual impact and structure and composition have very good qualifications with a 93% achievement rate. Overall the final result of the product has a high aesthetic value and can be used as a reference in the field of makeup, especially fantasy makeup.

This study aims to determine the effect of creativity, innovation, and income expectations on the entrepreneurial interest of students at the Ibu Kartini Social Welfare Academy (AKS). The approach used is quantitative, with data collection techniques through questionnaires distributed to all students in semesters IV, VI, and VIII who have taken entrepreneurship courses, with a total number of respondents of 94 people (using census techniques). The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS version 20. The results showed that the three independent variables (creativity, innovation, and income expectations) simultaneously had a significant effect on students' interest in entrepreneurship. However, partially, the income expectation variable had the most dominant effect on interest in entrepreneurship. The conclusion of this study shows that the expectation of higher income is the main motivation for students to enter the world of entrepreneurship. Therefore, strategies to increase entrepreneurial interest need to be focused on increasing students' understanding of the potential income in entrepreneurial activities as well as providing real facilities and support from the campus and external parties.

This article discusses the expression development activities and character education of children at the Baitussalam Orphanage in Blitar Regency through a social service program with the theme "Children's Voices for the World Through Pictures and Words." This program is designed by dividing into 2 groups, namely for children aged 10-14 years with a focus on public speaking training aimed at increasing self-confidence, communication skills, and courage to speak in public. Meanwhile, for children aged 5-9 years, activities include coloring and storytelling which aim to hone creativity and language skills in a fun and interactive way. In addition to these activities, there is also material related to character education, which is an integral part of this program to form positive attitudes and moral values from an early age. The approach used is tailored to the developmental stage of the child's age, so as to maximize their potential for expression through pictures and words, as well as foster self-confidence and social skills that are important for their future. This program demonstrates that the development of public speaking and creative expression through art and storytelling can be an effective medium in children's character education in an orphanage environment.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in driving the local economy but often face constraints in funding and market access. This study aims to analyze strategies for enhancing competitiveness and local creativity through a case study of Tajudin Shop, a microenterprise based in Cikampek. The business leverages partnerships with local doll artisans, digital marketplace distribution, and a sharia-based financing scheme through mudharabah contracts. A descriptive qualitative method was employed, using field observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation over a two-month research period. The findings show that the integration of community empowerment, digital marketing, and ethical financing significantly improves business competitiveness. These strategies not only expand market reach and increase revenue but also strengthen social networks and spiritual values in business practices. The study implies that value-based approaches, local collaboration, and technological innovation can serve as a replicable model for sustainable MSME development in other regions with similar characteristics.

Organizations have faced numerous challenges in their pursuit of expanding creativity due to the current market realities, necessitating the adoption of new mechanisms to address competition in contemporary markets. Knowledge is considered a key element in enhancing an organization's ability to succeed and excel, particularly through differentiation and sustaining competitive advantages. This research focuses on examining the role of knowledge in service differentiation strategies in service organizations in Baghdad. The study identifies the knowledge requirements and their impact on building these strategies. The research employed a descriptive-analytical approach, distributing a questionnaire to 115 managers in various service organizations in Baghdad, with 104 valid responses being retrieved for analysis using the SPSS software. The results revealed a significant correlation and impact between marketing knowledge and its various dimensions (such as employees, environment, suppliers, and processes) and the service differentiation strategy. The results revealed a significant impact of knowledge on the service differentiation strategy in the studied institutions. It was found that knowledge explains 42.1% of the variation in the differentiation strategy, with each increase in knowledge leading to an increase in differentiation. Additionally, the results highlighted a significant impact of knowledge in various areas, such as employee knowledge (which explains 26% of the variation), environmental knowledge (which explains 23.3%), provider knowledge (which explains 16%), and process knowledge (which explains 31.3%). These factors collectively demonstrated that increasing knowledge in each area contributes to the enhancement of the service differentiation strategy, thus confirming the hypothesis of the study that a significant relationship exists between knowledge and differentiation strategy.