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The city of Denpasar is in first place regarding the number of the workforce, but not all residents have normal working hours so their productivity has not been utilized optimally. The main objective of this research is to analyze the influence of age , level of education, age of last child, traditional and religious activities simultaneously and partially on the decision of female workers in the informal sector to choose to be underemployed in Denpasar City. The data used in this research is primary data , namely by conducting structured interviews with respondents . The research population is all female informal sector workers who are underemployed in Denpasar City, totaling 13,062 people. The sampling method used is quota sampling . In this research, the number of samples determined to be studied was 100 underemployed female workers . The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that age, level of education, age of last child, traditional activities and religion simultaneously have a significant influence on the decision of female workers in the informal sector to work and become underemployed. Age partially has a positive effect, while education level, age of the last child, and traditional and religious activities partially have a negative effect on the decision of women in the informal sector to choose to be underemployed in Denpasar City.    

This research aims to explore the utilization of Metaverse technology within the framework of Hadith teachings and the Indonesian Law No.1 of 2024. Through a qualitative approach and content analysis of relevant texts, this study identifies key intersections between Islamic principles, legal stipulations, and the digital realm. Initial findings suggest that careful application of Metaverse technology can enhance various aspects of life while adhering to Islamic teachings and legal requirements. This study contributes to the ongoing conversation about the role of emerging technologies within religious and legal contexts

Flogging punishment in Aceh has received great attention in the context of law and human rights. This study aims to determine the practice of flogging punishment in Aceh in terms of hadith and Law No.39 of 1999. Through a comparative analytical approach, it examines hadith related to flogging punishment in the context of Islam, especially Islamic history, and compares it with legal provisions. Contained in the Indonesian Human Rights Law No.39 of 1999. The study also examines the practice of corporal punishment in Aceh and its impact on society. The results reveal differences in interpretation of Islamic historical hadith and law enforcement in Aceh, as well as questions regarding adherence to human rights principles. The discussion aims to highlight the challenges and implications from a religious and legal perspective regarding corporal punishment in Aceh. The study provides valuable insights into understanding the complex power relations between religious traditions, positive law and human rights in specific local contexts

Pancasila is a legacy of our ancestors and has very noble values. Nobility is contained in the five principles of Pancasila as a noble "legacy", especially for building religious moderation in Indonesia. The researchers are interested in exploring the values contained in Pancasila in order to maintain the mandate of the founders of the Indonesian nation. On the other hand, the author admits that the knowledge and appreciation of some citizens of the Republic of Indonesia (WNRI) are starting to fade. This can be seen in the lack of appreciation and respect for others, especially those of different religions, cultures, races, and groups. This is a concern and a threat to the unity of Indonesian daughters and sons. This research was conducted using the library research method. By digging up information from main and supporting sources as well as reliable references, the researcher wants to present data and offer an idea to return to living up to the values contained in Pancasila. Indonesian people should be proud to have Pancasila as a democratic state philosophy. The Pancasila philosophy needs to be lived in a spirit of honesty, justice, solidarity and openness. This guarantees the realization of a peaceful and prosperous life. Thus, Pancasila is the spirit of unity in building religious moderation in Indonesia. This will guarantee protection for every citizen in all aspects of life, especially religious freedom.

This study aims to develop an Islamic Religious Education (PAI) curriculum that incorporates multicultural values to foster religious moderation among students. The proposed curriculum integrates principles of cultural diversity and tolerance into PAI learning materials, allowing students to comprehend Islamic teachings while also appreciating and interacting harmoniously with adherents of other religions. Utilizing a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach, this study addresses multicultural education as a relatively new phenomenon in PAI courses, emphasized as an essential competency for both lecturers and students. The phenomenological approach seeks to understand the daily lives and intersubjective experiences of the participants, aiming to reveal the meaning of concepts and phenomena as perceived by individuals. Conducted in a natural setting, this approach permits unrestricted interpretation of the phenomenon, granting researchers the freedom to analyze the data comprehensively. The findings indicate that a multicultural PAI curriculum effectively promotes an understanding of religious moderation among students and heightens awareness of the importance of multicultural perspectives in religion. These results are intended to guide educators and policymakers in creating a more inclusive PAI curriculum, thereby supporting the development of a peaceful and harmonious society.

The enthusiasm to preserve the values of Pancasila becomes the soul and "spirit" that maintains the integrity of the Nation and Indonesia. Indonesia, which has various differences, remains united with the motto "Bhinneka Tunggal Ika". This motto is realized in real action based on an attitude of openness, solidarity and love for the integrity of the Unity State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). This awareness was born from the belief that the noble values of Pancasila can unite the Republic of Indonesia with all its diversity. The aim of this research is to raise collective awareness of the reality of diversity being a legacy of the ancestors and founders of the Republic of Indonesia that is maintained and developed, not as a vice versa which threat for unity. To explore this theme, the researchers used the library research method. Through the data found, the researchers processes it systematically and critically. The diversity that exists on the archipelago is a "gift" from Allah, the creator of the universe. The plurality of ethnicities, religions, races and groups (SARA) is the uniqueness and beauty of Indonesia compared to other countries. An important implication to be promoted is respect for ethnic, cultural and religious differences as beautiful "flowers" in harmonious living together. In this way, every citizen tries to live up to the values of Pancasila. Pancasila is a modus vivendi that mobilizes groups of citizens to contribute to the construction of a "new home" in this country by uniting the vision, mission and sense of national solidarity.

This research aims to analyze the impact of tourism on social changes in Suranadi Village, West Lombok. The village has experienced rapid tourism development, bringing both positive and negative impacts on the community's life. Positive impacts include economic growth, job creation, and the preservation of local culture. However, tourism also causes significant negative impacts, such as changes in cultural values, decreased religious practice intensity, changes in dressing styles, increased crime rates, and environmental damage. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach, involving observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The results show that tourism development in Suranadi Village brings significant economic benefits but also requires ongoing efforts to address social and environmental challenges. Therefore, sustainable tourism strategies involving local communities, strict supervision of tourism activities, and environmental conservation programs are needed to ensure a balance between economic benefits and the preservation of local cultural values and environment. This research provides insights for stakeholders in formulating sustainable tourism development policies and strategies in Suranadi Village.

The background to this thesis is that apart from Muslim customers, there are also non-Muslim customers who are gold pawning customers at the Pekanbaru branch of Bank Syariah Mandiri. The aim of this research is to find out the motives of non-Muslim communities for using gold pawning financing services at Bank Syariah Indonesia Jambi Branch Office and to find out how Islamic economics views the motives of non-Muslim communities for using gold pawning financing services at Bank Syariah Indonesia Jambi Branch Offices. The population in this study was 4 non-Muslim customers who used the gold pawn financing services of Bank Syariah Indonesia, Jambi City Branch. This research is field research or what is known as field research. The location of this research is Bank Syariah Indonesia, Jambi City. The sample in this research was all non-Muslim customers, namely 4 people who used gold pawning financing services at Bank Syariah Indonesia, Jambi City. After the author conducted research, it can be concluded that the motive for non-Muslim people to become gold pawning customers at Bank Syariah Indonesia Jambi City Branch is because non-Muslim customers need capital, such as to sell in markets. Some of the motives used by non-Muslim customers are personal motives, cultural motives, religious motives, stimuli, Islamic economic views on the motives of non-Muslim communities for using gold pawn financing services at the Pekanbaru branch of Bank Syariah Mandiri in accordance with the rules of Allah SWT, leading to the achievement of goodness, prosperity, helping humans to achieve success.

, This research presents opinions on the theme of fraud in buying and selling based on an Islamic perspective and Indonesian positive law, with a focus on Article 493 of the Criminal Code (KUHP). In the Islamic context, honesty and fairness in buying and selling transactions are highly emphasized as an integral part of religious values. On the other hand, Article 493 of the Criminal Code regulates criminal acts of fraud in buying and selling transactions in Indonesia, providing a legal basis for handling cases of fraud in trading activities. A comparative analysis between Islamic views and Indonesian positive law towards fraud in buying and selling reveals similarities and differences in approach and implementation. The implications of these two perspectives are also discussed in the context of legal practice in society.  

The aim of this research is to find out: (1) The efforts of the Civic’s teacher in developing students’ moral quality in SDK LAMAWOHONG , Rubitvillage, District, Regency and(2) The challenges encountered by the teacher in developing student’s moral quality. This research was being held on February 29rd until March 29st, 2023. The type of this research is a qualitative research and the data collecting techniques was by using observation, documentation and interview. The result of this research shows that teacher as the moral agent should integrating the moral values by using Moral education, norm, ethics and religion in their learning process, and as the motivator by giving reward and punishment to the students. The challenges of this research were a limited time allocation, peer friends association, student’s disobedience behavior, and globalization impact in culture. The conclusion of this research is the Civics teacher had given good efforts in developing students’ moral quality. It was shown in some great efforts that had been given in their learning process.

This research was motivated by the relatively limited understanding of students in grades 3, 4 and 5 at SDN 15 Sutijo regarding PAI material. Many students have not demonstrated attitudes and behavior that reflect religious teachings well. Then, most students experience difficulties in achieving the expected competency standards in Islamic Religious Education subjects, including from the emotional and spiritual aspects of students. Many students lack motivation and feel anxious during the learning process, which has a negative impact on learning outcomes. Then some students also show apathy and lack motivation in taking religious lessons. This can be seen from the low average test scores and the results of observations of student interactions in class. So this research aims to determine the influence of IQ, EQ and SQ on students' PAI learning outcomes. This type of research is quantitative correlation. The population was 30 students and the sample used a total sampling technique. Data was collected through questionnaires and documentation and analyzed using simple and multiple linear regression tests. The research results show that IQ, EQ and S1 influence students' PAI learning outcomes. IQ has an effect of 14.4%, EQ of 14.3%, SQ of 27.2%. Then IQ, EQ and SQ together also influence students' PAI learning outcomes, namely 27.4% and the rest is influenced by other factors not examined in this research.

This study aims to examine the strategy of Da'wah and cadre applied by Kh Abdullah Said in forming agents of social change in Indonesia. The background of this study is the significant role of Abdullah Said in the world of Da'wah and Islamic education through the establishment of Hidayatullah Islamic boarding school. The research method used is a literature study, where data is collected from various library sources such as books, journals, and related documents. Research findings indicate that Abdullah Said placed da'wah as a top priority and was active in Cadre from a young age. He developed a structured method of Da'wah known as Manhaj Sistematika Nuzulul Wahyu, and founded a boarding school that combined religious education with practical skills training. The implications of this study suggest that a systematic approach and high commitment in Da'wah can produce effective agents of social change. The study also suggests the need for further research to explore the long-term impact of Abdullah Said's da'wah methods in different social contexts.

Malpractice is basically an action by professional staff that is contrary to the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), professional code of ethics, and applicable laws, whether intentional or due to negligence. This negligence is not a violation of the law, if the negligence does not cause harm to other people and that person can feel comfortable. However, if this negligence results in material loss, harm or even takes the life of another person, then this can be said to be malpractice. Malpractice in the field of orthopedics is an act of negligence committed by doctors or health service workers who are tasked with carrying out all kinds of surgical procedures, especially bone surgery. Where in this case the patient who initially only experienced problems with his bones ultimately had to hamper his breathing for the last time just because of an error in administering gas after surgery. This fatal negligence can be said to occur due to a lack of accuracy on the part of doctors or other health workers in providing health services to patients. This negligence can also be caused by hospital management that is not well organized, the staff's education may still be minimal and many other factors. Because this action not only violates the law, the medical code of ethics and also the standards of behavior in a religion but even takes someone's life, there needs to be a way out, namely by; improving hospital management, increasing accuracy in carrying out the medical profession and deepening all kinds of knowledge about various kinds of health service procedures.    

The Childfree phenomenon is increasingly becoming a trend in modern society in the 21st century. Childfree is a term used to refer to couples who do not want to have children during their marriage. There are different opinions and views regarding the presence of children in marriage, so that the phenomenon of not having children in society still has advantages and disadvantages. Children are believed to be God's gift and bring harmony to the family. Apart from that, religion also recommends having children. Because it brings great rewards. Therefore, children's freedom is still considered a bad thing. Views from several perspectives also think that not having children will allow a woman to maintain her beauty without having to experience aging, sagging skin or even wrinkles. This research was conducted to discuss the childfree phenomenon from the perspective of the subordinate Gita Savitri and the reasons why her husband did not fight back. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection methods in the form of video analysis. This study shows not only men's powerlessness in running the family, but also the ability of women who have determination and strength to exercise control in the household.

Human rights are rights given to every person. Human rights first emerged as a result of resistance to government absolutism towards its citizens. The purpose of this normative legal study is to provide an explanation of secondary evidence collected through a literature survey. In Indonesia, the government continues to try to balance religious values with human rights. Primary legal sources related to human rights as well as secondary legal materials in the form of literature and professional opinions on these topics are included in the secondary data of this study. The value, quality and condition of the data collected were considered during the comparative descriptive analysis of the data collected. The quality, value and condition of the relevant data were measured and used as the foundation of this research. With the research methodology used, the findings and analysis of this research are expected to answer the research question of human rights protection in the view of hadith and the 1945 Constitution article 28, while taking into consideration the viewpoints of both national law and hadith. Islamic law is built on a solid and complete structure because it comes from Allah, the Almighty, the Most Praiseworthy. It shows and conveys all the benefits of the world and the hereafter. The relationship between the Hadith view and Article 28 of the 1945 Constitution shows the relationship between religious teachings and positive law in an effort to protect human rights

Land is something that is very important for human life. From the land humans come from, on the land humans live and into the land humans will return. Ownership, control, use and utilization of land need to be regulated in such a way in national agrarian law. In particular, land rights also need to be regulated in the agrarian law. In this context, the teachings and laws in Islam as the largest religion in Indonesia also influence the conception and policies regarding land rights. In this case, the teachings contained in the verses of the Quran and the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad SAW as a source of Islamic law become the theological and philosophical basis of the substance of land rights regulated in the constitution and other laws and regulations in Indonesia.

Aqidah Akhlak education is the initial education or religious foundation that children must have from an early age, Aqidah Akhlak education in elementary schools has been integrated into Islamic religious education subjects. This is in accordance with the aim of education, namely to make students as human beings who fear God Almighty and have noble character. Aqidah itself refers to belief and faith in Allah SWT and its practice, and morals are habits and behaviors that depart from self-awareness both in human relationships with God, human relations and the natural environment. Character building has a meaning as an effort that is carried out in earnest to form character or behavior that can become a person's characteristics, whereas to form the character of elementary school students is not an easy thing because elementary school students have different characteristics. Therefore, this study aims to determine the extent to which the role of aqeedah moral education plays a role in building the character of elementary school students. The method used in this research is a literature study method by reviewing journals and previous research using content analysis techniques. Based on the research that has been done, the results show that aqidah moral education has a very important role in building the character of elementary school students.    

The purpose of this research is to explain the role of religious education in helping the process of character formation of students at Madinatussalam Private MTs. Qualitative descriptive research method. In the process of collecting data, using observation, interviews and documentation methods. Meanwhile, for the analysis, qualitative descriptive analysis techniques are used, namely in the form of written or verbal data from people and observed behavior so that in this case the author attempts to conduct research that thoroughly describes the actual situation. The author can conclude the results of this research as follows: First, the school's efforts to realize character education are: 1) conducting Islamic studies; 2) take advantage of the commemoration of Islamic Holidays (PHBI); 3) oblige and get used to saying hello and shaking hands with teachers; 4) oblige and make it a habit to always comply with the rules and culture at school; 5) make it mandatory and get used to always praying in congregation when at school. Second, the efforts of Islamic religious education teachers in forming student character: 1) maximizing the delivery of Islamic religious education material; 2) instilling the Islamic style of Ahlusunnah Waljama'ah; 3) Islamic religious education teachers must be active and be role models for their students in applying character education. Third, the strategies carried out by Islamic religious education teachers: 1) use of effective learning approach methods; 2) use of discussion and demonstration methods.    

Catechesis towards Independent and Missionary Faith Formation (KBG) is an approach in religious education aimed at nurturing individuals who are firm in their faith, capable of independently experiencing and practicing their religious beliefs, and ready to actively disseminate religious teachings to others. This approach combines catechesis, faith formation, and mission skills development. Through this process, individuals are expected not only to become passive recipients of religious teachings but also to become active agents of change in spreading religious values and strengthening their faith communities.

This article explores Christian philosophical views regarding the existence of God through an analysis of various main arguments that have been developed by Christian philosophers. Focusing on ontological, cosmological, teleological, and moral arguments, this article explores how each argument attempts to prove the existence of God through rational and empirical approaches. Ontological arguments, such as those proposed by Anselm of Canterbury, use conceptual reflection to conclude that God must exist. The cosmological argument, popularized by Thomas Aquinas, combines observations of the universe with the logic of causality to demonstrate the existence of a transcendent first cause. The teleological argument, with a major contribution from William Paley, suggests that the complexity and order in the universe indicates the existence of an intelligent designer. Apart from that, this article also highlights the importance of religious experience as subjective evidence of the existence of God. Through a combination of rational argument and spiritual experience, Christian philosophy offers a comprehensive and insightful view of God's existence, making it relevant in contemporary theological and philosophical discussions.