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Epi Ida Lestari Samosir; Asnita Sinaga; Isyos Sari Sembiring; Indra Agussamad

Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Satisfaction is a person who has compared in terms of performance and also the expected results through the level of a person's feelings. In another theory written by Wilton, it is stated that satisfaction or dissatisfaction is the result of the final evaluation of the customer's response, namely the suitability that has been felt by the customer with the expected performance of the product that can be felt after the customer uses it. (Abarca 2021) Family planning is an effort by husband and wife to measure the desired number and distance. The effort in question includes contraception or pregnancy prevention and family planning. The basic principle of contraceptive methods is to prevent male sperm from reaching and fertilizing a woman's egg (fertilization) or preventing a fertilized egg from implanting (attaching) and developing in the uterus (Th. Endang Purwoastuti, 2016).From a preliminary survey in January 2023 at the Siloam Clinic, West Siantar District, Pematangsiantar City, 20 women of childbearing age were found, of whom 7 people expressed dissatisfaction with contraceptive services. Based on the background description, researchers are interested in taking the title The Relationship between Service Quality and Mother's Satisfaction in Using IUD Contraception at the Siloam Clinic, West Siantar District, Pematangsiantar City in 2023  

Rehulina Natalia Sembiring; Asnita Sinaga; Isyos Sari Sembiring; Indra Agussamad

Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Complementary food for breast milk is the child's second food after breastfeeding. MP-ASI is given to babies who are half a year old or older because breast milk does not meet the child's nutritional needs. MP-ASI feeding must be continuous and varied, starting from fruit, fresh fruit, thick porridge, mashed food, soft food, and finally solid food. The reason for giving MP-ASI at the age of six months is because the child is ready for solid food (Chomaria, 2013). The presentation and arrangement of MP-ASI must be carried out in stages, both in structure and quantity, according to the capacity of the child's stomach. Breast milk only meets the healthy needs of newborn children, but 60% of adult babies 6 years old. Based on the results of bivariate analysis using chi square, the p value = 0.001 (p <0.05) with a confidence level of 95%. This p value statistically shows that there is a relationship between the mother's level of knowledge about complementary foods for breast milk and the provision of complementary foods for babies aged 6-12 months at the BP Nauli Community Health Center, Siantar Marihat District, Pematangsiantar City in 2023 with a p value of 0.001 Providing complementary foods for breast milk , mothers can give food to their babies in stages and provide a variety of foods starting with 1 type of flavor then another, starting with thick porridge, fruit juice, fresh fruit, mashed food, soft food and finally solid food, should be given 3 times a day and Breast milk is still given. According to research results, Widodo (2006) said that in rural communities in Indonesia, the type of MP-ASI that is commonly given to babies before the age of 4 months is 57.3% banana. An initial survey was conducted at the BP Nauli Community Health Center, Siantar Marihat District on mothers who had babies aged 6-12 months. Of the 12 mothers who were interviewed, there were 7 mothers who gave MP-ASI to babies before the age of 6 months, and 5 mothers said that the baby I have been given formula milk since I was born because only a little breast milk comes out. From the results of this background, the author is interested in researching "The relationship between the level of mother's knowledge about complementary foods for breast milk and the provision of complementary foods for breast milk to babies aged 6-12 months at the BP Nauli Community Health Center, Siantar Marihat District, Pematangsiantar City in 2023."    

Besty Agustina Silitonga; Asnita Sinaga; Isyos Sari Sembiring; Indra Agussamad

Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Growth and development disorders are a problem that is often found in society, so it is very important that all components involved in children's growth and development, namely parents, teachers and the community, can work together in early monitoring. The determining factors for the quality of a child's growth and development are constitutional genetic-heredo potential (intrinsic) and the role of the environment (extrinsic). Child growth and development disorders occur when there are genetic factors and/or environmental factors that are unable to meet the child's basic growth and development needs. Factors that influence a child's growth and development are genetic factors, and are more influenced by environmental factors and the diseases experienced by the child. Appropriate detection and intervention can optimize the quality of the child's subsequent growth and development. Babies who experience delays in development will make the baby's parents feel anxious and worried, which will affect how parents meet their baby's needs, such as mothers who do not encourage their babies to talk and mothers who do not exercise their hands and feet regularly at certain times. So that the baby has difficulty walking and lacks language, the lack of stimulation given to the baby will worsen the baby's developmental delays (Hurlock, 2002).Based on a preliminary survey conducted at the BP Nauli Community Health Center on 10 mothers who had babies, there were 5 mothers who did not provide stimulation to their children when their children were not going through the crawling phase and did not know the effect on the child's development, so based on these problems the researchers wanted to conduct research with the title "The Effect of Assisted Crawling Stimulation on the Crawling Ability of Babies at the BP Nauli Community Health Center, Kec. Siantar Let's See Pematang Siantar City in 2023   .

Rodia Afriza; Nur Anzelina Hrp

Jurnal Publikasi Ilmu Psikologi. 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

This study aims to determine the description of organizational culture in employees at the Potential Utama University. This type of research uses a descriptive quantitative approach, namely analyzing data by describing or describing the collected data as they are without intending to make conclusions that apply to the public or generalizations. The population in this study amounted to 158 people. The sample of this study was 30 people. The technique used is non-probability sampling using purposive sampling. The results of this study indicate a scoring result of 1149.8 which refers to the aspect of tolerance for conflict which is indicated by a significant value (Sig. 2 Tailed) of 0.02 (P <0.05) and a Correlation Coefficient value of 0.539. This means that the organizational culture at the Potential Utama University applies an attitude of tolerance, which makes the employees of the Potential Utama University feel they have the space to express opinions and ideas.

Syurrahmi Syurrahmi; Lilik Sigit Wibisono; Widya Ervianta; Auliya Ayu Kusuma Warnadi; Aisya Rahmah +2 more

Jurnal Pelaksanaan Pengabdian Bergerak bersama Masyarakat 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Health is a state of health, both physically, mentally, spiritually and socially, which enables everyone to live a productive life socially and economically. Public health is a condition that describes the level of health that occurs in society. Society is a group of individuals who live together, work together to obtain common interests and have an order of life, norms and customs that are adhered to in their environment. Public Health is a part of science that discusses and studies the prevention and treatment of disease in each individual. Physiotherapy as a health worker plays a very important role and must have the ability to maximize the potential for movement and function within the promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative scope. Therefore, it is proof that physiotherapy not only plays a curative and rehabilitative role but also plays a big preventive role. Nape pain or neck pain is generally not a serious condition that needs to be watched out for. This condition can heal in a few days or weeks without special treatment. However, neck pain can also occur due to certain diseases. Bending over, looking down for too long, often gritting your teeth, or reading in bed, using a cell phone for a long time can cause the neck muscles to become tense. Over time, this condition will cause Kornik's neck pain, which is a myofascial condition. Smartphones are a real manifestation of technological progress and are devices that work very complexly with access to the internet, social media and games. Excessive smartphone use can cause musculoskeletal disorders. Musculoskeletal disorders associated with smartphone use cause neck muscle fatigue caused by poor posture. Using smartphones for a long time can cause muscle tension. Apart from using smartphones, household activities can also cause neck pain such as ironing and washing. Providing exercise therapy in the form of Free Active Movement can reduce complaints of neck pain.

Amirah Maritsa; Hasrini Hasrini; Zahrawi Astrie Ahkam; Faradillah Usman; Suciyati Sundu

Jurnal Pelaksanaan Pengabdian Bergerak bersama Masyarakat 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Patient anxiety during tooth extraction is a common challenge in dental practice that can affect patient experience and outcome of the procedure. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of approaches and strategies to address patient anxiety during tooth extraction procedures. Through counseling designed to improve patient understanding of the causes of anxiety, relaxation skills, and communication with the dentist, this study measured its impact on patient anxiety levels and preparedness. The study involved patients undergoing tooth extraction procedures, where they attended a counseling session that included information on factors that cause anxiety, breathing relaxation techniques, and communication skills. Data were collected before and after the counseling through a survey that assessed patient knowledge, ability to apply relaxation techniques, self-confidence, and anxiety levels. The results showed a significant increase in patient understanding of the causes of anxiety from 50% to 85%, ability to apply relaxation techniques from 30% to 75%, and self-confidence in facing the procedure from 40% to 80%. In addition, the ability to communicate with the dentist increased from 45% to 78%, and anxiety levels decreased from 70% to 40%. These findings confirm that an educational approach is effective in reducing patient anxiety, increasing preparedness, and improving the experience during tooth extraction. This strategy can be implemented widely to improve the quality of care and patient well-being in dental practice.

Novrizal Novrizal; Desgita Afil Salputri

Jurnal Pelaksanaan Pengabdian Bergerak bersama Masyarakat 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

The aim of holding this PKM activity is to diversify bitter melon fruit into chips for the women of KWT Medulu, Bendewuta Village, Wongeduku District. The selected participants were 10 people who had bitter melon gardens in their yard. The activity stages were lecture and practice. PKM activities were carried out well, participants were very enthusiastic in taking part in PKM activities. Monitoring results showed that the amount of increase in participants' knowledge and skills increased from 100%, from 10 participants who answered that they did not know before the training activity in making bitter melon chips, it increased to 100% or 10 participants answered that they knew and were able after the training. This shows that training activities can be said to be successful because there is an increase in the knowledge and skills of the training participants.

Endang Sumiratin; Kadek Ariati

Jurnal Pelaksanaan Pengabdian Bergerak bersama Masyarakat 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

The aim of holding this PKM activity is to diversify bitter melon fruit into chips for the women of KWT Medulu, Bendewuta Village, Wongeduku District. The selected participants were 10 people who had bitter melon gardens in their yard. The activity stages were lecture and practice. PKM activities were carried out well, participants were very enthusiastic in taking part in PKM activities. Monitoring results showed that the amount of increase in participants' knowledge and skills increased from 100%, from 10 participants who answered that they did not know before the training activity in making bitter melon chips, it increased to 100% or 10 participants answered that they knew and were able after the training. This shows that training activities can be said to be successful because there is an increase in the knowledge and skills of the training participants.

Titi Sri Suyanti; Sumarmi Sumarmi

Jurnal Pelaksanaan Pengabdian Bergerak bersama Masyarakat 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

The problems that usually arise in people with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are that apart from physical problems, there is also stigma, namely the bad social reaction towards people with HIV/AIDS. Such complex problems in PLWHA are accompanied by loss of social support such as lack of attention from family and community. This reaction is a bad experience for PLWHA where when they need support there is no one to help them, so depression often occurs in PLWHA. Depression in HIV AIDS sufferers can increase the risk of non-adherence behavior towards treatment resulting in a high risk of shorter survival. Failure to recognize and treat depression in HIV/AIDS sufferers not only endangers the patient but also endangers society. Research related to depression in PLWHA at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, found that more than half of the patients experienced depression, namely 51.1%. The general aim of providing this counseling is so that PLWHA are able to overcome the depression they are experiencing. The design used in this community service is counseling with communication, information and education methods. The targets of this community service activity are housewives with HIV/AIDS in Cirebon district. From the preliminary study carried out, it was found that data on the problems that arise among PLWHA in Cirebon district cannot be separated from the emergence of psychological problems, this occurs because of feelings of sadness, disappointment, shame, fear of being ostracized by friends and family and fear of being abandoned by their husbands.

Sumarmi Sumarmi; Erida Fadila

Jurnal Pelaksanaan Pengabdian Bergerak bersama Masyarakat 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Scabies is a skin infection caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. Scabies is easily transmitted in densely populated areas such as Islamic boarding school dormitories. The aim of this community service activity is to provide health education about scabies to female students at the Al-Masyrifah Palimanan Islamic Boarding School, Cirebon. The method used is focus group discussion. A total of 40 female students were divided into 4 discussion groups. The results show an increase in students' knowledge and awareness about the symptoms, causes, modes of transmission, and efforts to prevent scabies. Interactive discussions also trigger critical questions and exchange of information between students. At the end of the session, an example of WHO's 6 steps of hand washing practice was given. It was concluded that health education through group discussions was effective in increasing female students' knowledge and awareness about scabies prevention in the Islamic boarding school environment.

Parningotan Simanjuntak; Septimeliani Sihaloho; Nopalina Suyanti Damanik; Ribur Sinaga; Astaria Br Ginting

Jurnal Pelaksanaan Pengabdian Bergerak bersama Masyarakat 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Background: Malnutrition during pregnancy will affect the growth, formation and development of organs as well as the function of the fetus's organs becoming less than optimal, it is feared that congenital defects will occur in the baby born, it could even result in the baby's head being small due to a lack of fetal nutritional intake for brain development so that brain development is not optimal. . Apart from that, infant deaths due to LBW, namely less than 2.5 kg and premature babies, are also due to the mother's poor nutritional status (Nurul Pujiastuti, 2015). The aim of this community service program (PKM) is to increase education on nutritional needs for pregnant women in the first trimester in PMB M Ginting, Siantar Martoba District, Simalungun Regency in 2023. The methods used include 1) identification of pregnant women in PMB M Ginting, Siantar Martoba District, Simalungun Regency); 2) preparation of materials and steps for education on nutritional needs for pregnant women in the first trimester); 3) implementation of education on nutritional needs for pregnant women in the first trimester). Results Based on the results of implementing community service for outpatient pregnant women in PMB M Ginting, Siantar Martoba District, Simalungun Regency, in 2023 there are a total of 30 pregnant women as members, of which the majority are 20-35 years old, 27 pregnant women (90%), < 20 years old, 3 pregnant women (10%), all participants were enthusiastic about carrying out educational activities on the nutritional needs of pregnant women. Providing information regarding increasing the use of the registration application for Education on Nutritional Needs for Pregnant Women in the First Trimester in order to improve the comfort of pregnant women.

Sri Hindriyastuti; Gardha Rias Arsy; Emma Setyo Wulan; Wahyu Yusianto

Jurnal Pelaksanaan Pengabdian Bergerak bersama Masyarakat 2023 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Stroke is a major health problem for modern society today. According to WHO (World Health Organization) in 2016, 51% of stroke deaths worldwide were caused by high blood pressure. Based on data on the top 10 most common diseases in Indonesia in 2018, the prevalence of stroke cases in Indonesia based on health worker diagnosis was 10.9 per mille. Various problems that stroke patients may experience include paralysis, weakness, balance disorders, speech disorders, etc. so that these patients need help in meeting their daily needs. The family as a caregiver has a major role in providing primary support to individuals with stroke and is the first person to respond to changes in the patient's status during the course of the disease. The aim of this community service program is to maximize family assistance as caregivers in caring for stroke patients. The obstacles experienced by caregivers are financial and time problems in accompanying stroke families at Mardi Rahayu Kudus Hospital. Based on the results of interviews that have been conducted, almost all the feelings of families as caregivers in caring for stroke patients are sad, almost all participants answered that the service at Mardi Rahayu Hospital is good and fast, almost all participants' hopes for their husbands are that they can recover quickly, almost all The obstacles experienced by caregivers are financial and time problems. Therefore, assistance and providing motivation to families as caregivers for stroke patients is very important.

Wafa Adila; Ernita Puspa Dewi; Hosnul Khotimah Lestari

FUNDAMENTUM : Jurnal Pengabdian Multidisiplin 2023 Asosiasi Peneliti Dan Pengajar Ilmu Sosial Indonesia

Community empowerment is a fundamental pillar of national development aimed at enhancing social welfare, social justice, and active public participation in the development process. This Community Service Program aims to strengthen community understanding and capacity, particularly among women members of the PKK organization in Rimba Sekampung Village, regarding the strategic role of community empowerment as a national development priority. The activity was conducted on Thursday, January 18, 2024, at Jalan Belimbing, Rimba Sekampung Village, Dumai City. The implementation method employed socialization through counseling and persuasive guidance using a non-formal and participatory educational approach. The program focuses on women's empowerment, community participation in development, and the prevention of social issues such as sexual violence and bullying among children and adolescents. The results indicate an improvement in participants' awareness, understanding, and active involvement during discussions, as well as a strengthened commitment to act as agents of change within their communities. This program contributes positively to reinforcing the role of women as strategic partners of the government in promoting inclusive, equitable, and sustainable national development.

Fara Shaliza; Hildawati Hildawati; Egi Miranda Yuri; Fanisa Fanisa

FUNDAMENTUM : Jurnal Pengabdian Multidisiplin 2023 Asosiasi Peneliti Dan Pengajar Ilmu Sosial Indonesia

This community service program was motivated by the suboptimal development of agribusiness partnership patterns among farmer groups assisted by the Agricultural Extension Center (BPP) of East Dumai District, Dumai City, which has resulted in low productivity, limited value added, and weak bargaining power of farmers. The program aimed to enhance farmers’ understanding, capacity, and readiness to develop sustainable agribusiness partnership strategies. The method applied was a community organizing approach through counseling, participatory discussions, and mentoring involving five farmer groups with a total of 15 farmers. The results indicate an improvement in farmers’ understanding of agribusiness partnership concepts and models, a shift in mindset from individual to collective group-based farming, and the emergence of initial agreements to develop simple partnership schemes with local agribusiness actors. In addition, farmers showed increased readiness in managerial aspects, product quality improvement, and communication with potential partners. This program contributes to strengthening farmer group institutions and provides a foundation for developing more structured and sustainable agribusiness partnerships.

Dewi Jannah; Erinaldi Erinaldi; Annisya Rahmadani; Erika Yusmaini

FUNDAMENTUM : Jurnal Pengabdian Multidisiplin 2023 Asosiasi Peneliti Dan Pengajar Ilmu Sosial Indonesia

The increasing incidence of sexual violence and bullying against children and adolescents has become a serious social problem that requires active involvement from all elements of society, particularly families. This community service program aims to strengthen the role of the Family Welfare Empowerment (PKK) organization in Rimba Sekampung Sub-district as the frontline in preventing and addressing sexual violence and adolescent bullying. The methods applied include socialization and persuasive educational approaches through counseling sessions, interactive discussions, and case consultations involving PKK members as community partners. The results indicate an improvement in participants’ knowledge, awareness, and social sensitivity regarding the forms, causes, and impacts of sexual violence and bullying among adolescents. Furthermore, the program enhances the capacity of PKK members to foster family resilience and create a safe, harmonious, and value-based family environment to support sustainable child and adolescent protection.

Tri Wahyudi Ramdhan; Moh Holil Baitaputra; Bahrul Ulum; Mufaizin Mufaizin

FUNDAMENTUM : Jurnal Pengabdian Multidisiplin 2023 Asosiasi Peneliti Dan Pengajar Ilmu Sosial Indonesia

In addition to being a means of enhancing and developing self-quality, community development aims to increase the independence of both individuals and groups. It is strongly anticipated that community organizations will exist and oversee the accomplishment of institutional goals; nevertheless, their human resources must possess the flexibility to quickly seize any presented chances. In order to achieve strategic and sustainable goals where the principle of benefit will return to the community/ummah, waqf serves as a middleman for those who have more money to donate to community projects. This is in addition to the fact that waqf charity is itself a religious command.So the purpose of this service is to provide training and assistance on how to manage waqf money and waqf assets properly and productively according to the muwakif's objectives. This waqf collection and management assistance is carried out using the counselling method through several stages, including, 1) Activity programme planning; 2) Implementation of the activity plan 3) Implementation of activity evaluation and reporting. The goal of this help is to manage waqf funds efficiently and effectively while also accelerating the rise of waqf earnings. Senior students, Pesantren administration, and Baitul Wakaf Hidayatullah Gresik management participated in this exercise..

Yuniar Affandy; Salmi Yuniar Bahri; Rabiatul Adawiyah

WISSEN : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora 2023 Asosiasi Peneliti Dan Pengajar Ilmu Sosial Indonesia

This study explores the implementation of the SiskeuDes application in financial management in Pijot Utara Village. SiskeuDes, as a village financial information system, aims to improve the efficiency, transparency, and accountability of village financial management. This study identifies and analyzes the stages of SiskeuDes use, namely planning, implementation, administration, and reporting, and evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of the system in the village context. At the planning stage, SiskeuDes assists in the preparation of planning documents such as RKPDes and APBDes through village deliberations involving village officials and the community. This system supports the accuracy and efficiency of budget planning despite challenges such as network disruptions and HR skills. At the implementation stage, SiskeuDes facilitates verification and budget preparation and reporting, with the active role of the Village Secretary and the Village Financial Management Unit (UPKD). Financial administration has also progressed thanks to this system, which reduces the risk of manipulation and increases transparency. The reporting and accountability process is carried out in a structured and integrated manner with SiskeuDes, although there are obstacles in conveying information to the community. The advantages of using SiskeuDes include increased efficiency of financial recording and reporting, real-time transparency, and support for community participation. However, disadvantages include limited infrastructure, suboptimal HR skills, and challenges in delivering information to the community. Improvement efforts such as increasing training and improving infrastructure are being made to address these shortcomings. Overall, SiskeuDes has made a positive contribution to village financial management, but still requires adjustments to address the various challenges that exist.  

Munir Munir; Farida Isroani

WISSEN : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora 2023 Asosiasi Peneliti Dan Pengajar Ilmu Sosial Indonesia

Providing a living in Islam is the responsibility of a husband. The provisions on the husband's obligation to provide maintenance give rise to new problems regarding the wife's implementation of work to meet the family's needs. The aim of this research is to evaluate the sharia values ​​that exist in the case of women working for a living. The problem in this research is how women work to earn a living for their family's needs in the view of maqashid sharia, what are the factors that influence women who work to earn a living, including: the husband's illness, helping prepare the family's future and the factor of helping the husband's income to meet family needs and this can be justified by referring to maqashid sharia. This research uses descriptive research methods using a qualitative descriptive analysis approach. The results of this research are that in a family the husband and wife can play the same role in the family, the wife plays the role of breadwinner for the family due to various factors that cause the family's needs to not be met.

Muhammad Amar; Harti Febrianti; Makmur Makmur

WISSEN : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora 2023 Asosiasi Peneliti Dan Pengajar Ilmu Sosial Indonesia

The purpose of this study was to find out how the government of Barania Village achieved achievement as the best Tourism Village in the Cleanliness, Health, Safety, Enverorment Sustainability (CHSE) category. This research uses a descriptive research type with a qualitative approach which is intended to provide a clear description and overall description of the strategy of the head of Barania Village in achieving achievements as a Tourism Village. And using data collection techniques used in this study include observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.      The results of the study show that in implementing the strategy of the head of Barania Village in achieving achievements as a Tourism Village, it can be seen from several indicators, namely, good management of Human Resources (HR), structured allocation of funds, both Village Fund Allocation (ADD) and Allocation Funds Specifically (DAK), the use of technology and information in the Barania Tourism Village cannot be utilized optimally, and the provision of facilities and infrastructure is also inadequate.

Rahmawati H

Publikasi Para ahli Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris 2023 Asosiasi Periset Bahasa Sastra Indonesia

Language has an important position in human life, namely as a communication tool that connects individuals with each other. The irreplaceable role of language forces humans to be able to master language. Effective communication can be achieved if there is the same meaning between the communicator and the communicant regarding the message conveyed. The research aims to explain the form of wise expressions in the novels "Rindu" and "Pukat" by Tere Liye; the meaning of wise expressions contained in each wise expression in conversation; and the power of the meaning of wise expressions in conversation to make the writer a character. The research design used was descriptive qualitative with semantic studies and the sample in this study was 44 respondents. The results show that there are four forms of wise expressions used in Tere Liye's two works, namely wise expressions of advice, ethics/morals, education, and religion. The meanings contained in wise expressions in conversations according to Djajasudarma's theory in the novel "Rindu" include broad, emotive, dramatic, propositional, central, fictional and idiomatic meanings. Meanwhile, the meaning of wise expressions in "Pukat" includes broad meaning, motif, dramatic, propositional, central, pictorial and idiomatic.