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The use of effective sentences has a strong influence on the quality of the content of a work. In cerpen writing, it is necessary to use effective language so that both the written and the implied meanings of cerpen can be well conveyed. The study aims to describe the forms of error in the use of sentences effectively in the formation of content quality on cerpen, as well as to present a comprehensive analysis of the linguistic aspects in the cerpen anthology "Back the Window of Ibnu Abbas" as a source of reading for students of 8th grade high school. The study uses qualitative descriptive methods through a language analysis approach by evaluating the quality of the content and effectiveness of the sentences in the book. This research data is a sentence quotation in a cerpen in which there are written errors in the use of effective sentences. Data collection techniques are done with reading and recording techniques. The results of this study found: (1) repetition of verbs, (2) inappropriate dictionary selection, (3) passing sentences, and (4) ambiguous sentences in a cerpen. Such errors make sentences less effective and affect the quality of the cerpen content. The findings of this study provide an in-depth understanding of how the structure of sentences, the meaning of words, the context of language usage, and the form of words influence the understanding and experience of readers of a literary work.

Family support is a way to provide assistance to other family members, either morally or materially. Motivation is the feeling or thought that drives someone to behave or engage in activities to achieve goals. Hypertensive patients often neglect regular follow-up visits because they feel fine and have no complaints. This study aims to determine the relationship between Family Support and Motivation for Regular Check-Ups in Hypertensive Patients in the Working Area of Samuda Health Center. Methods: This research used a quantitative method with a descriptive correlational approach. The correlation design utilized a cross-sectional method to determine the correlational relationship between two variables, emphasizing the measurement of both independent and dependent variables at one point in time. The instruments were questionnaires, and the statistical test used was Spearman Rank, which involved 53 hypertensive patients in the Working Area of Samuda Health Center as respondents. Results: The study on Family Support revealed that the highest Crosstabulation result was found in respondents with moderate motivation for regular check-ups, with 21 respondents (75.0%), followed by good motivation with 13 respondents (68.4%), and low motivation with 6 respondents (21.4%). The Spearman Rank statistical test yielded a p-value ≤ 0.000, meaning the p-value was less than 0.05. Thus, H0 was rejected, and Ha was accepted, indicating a significant relationship between Family Support and Motivation for Regular Check-Ups in Hypertensive Patients. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between Family Support and Motivation for Regular Check-Ups in Hypertensive Patients. It is suggested that healthcare workers enhance family support to improve the motivation for regular check-ups among hypertensive patients in the Working Area of Samuda Health Center through health promotion initiatives.

Mobilization is a basic human need required by individuals to carry out daily activities in the form of joint movement, posture and gait in order to meet activity needs and maintain health. The World Health Organization (WHO) says that births by caesarean section are around 10-16% of all births in developing countries, in the last 30 years the incidence of caesarean sections has increased very rapidly, for many reasons but some also don't have the right reasons, just because the patient wants the operation or the doctor wants an easy way, in Australia around 16% to 20% of the reason for the high number of caesareans in the United States is because most obstetricians. The aim of the research was to analyze the relationship between early mobilization post cesarean section and the surgical wound healing process in the postpartum room at Kartika Pulomas Hospital. The type of research used is qualitative analytic with a cross sectional approach design. The sampling technique uses accidental sampling. The number of samples used was 61 people. There is a relationship between early mobilization post cesarean section and the surgical wound healing process in the postpartum room at Kartika Pulomas Hospital. The paired sample t-test showed a value of p = 0.002, meaning p<0.05. Recommendations for hospitals need to have a policy for early mobilization of patients after caesarean section. Early mobilization accelerates wound healing and shortens the period of hospital treatment, so that it is a promotion for the hospital, namely: establishing independent hospitals as the main choice with quality services.  

This training aims to introduce and apply a product-based learning (PBL) approach in a kindergarten (TK) environment. PBL is a student-centered learning method where children learn through exploration, problem solving and collaboratively in producing a product. In the kindergarten context, PBL focuses on developing children's cognitive, social and motor skills through hands-on learning and writing activities. This training was developed for kindergarten teachers with a theoretical understanding of PBL, PBL planning methods that are adapted to child development, as well as creative and effective classroom implementation strategies. Educators are trained to design programs that connect to the kindergarten curriculum, conduct product-based learning, assess children's progress in critical thinking, communication and collaboration skills. The hope is that this training can help teachers create an interesting and meaningful learning environment for children, encouraging creativity, curiosity and enthusiasm for learning. It is hoped that the results of this training can improve the quality of children's education through the effective implementation of PBL.

This study investigates the impact of contextual problem-solving on students' mathematical reasoning abilities, comparing it to traditional problem-solving exercises. The study employs a quasi-experimental design with two groups: an experimental group exposed to contextual problem-solving activities and a control group using conventional methods. The experimental group demonstrated a 24% improvement in their mathematical reasoning abilities compared to the control group. Contextual problem-solving, which integrates real-world problems into the learning process, was found to be more engaging and effective in promoting deeper understanding and application of mathematical concepts. The study highlights the benefits of contextual learning in making abstract mathematical concepts more tangible and relatable to students. The findings suggest that by connecting mathematical knowledge to real-world scenarios, students develop stronger reasoning skills and improve their problem-solving capabilities. Moreover, the study recommends incorporating more contextual problem-solving exercises into curricula and providing teachers with training on how to implement these strategies effectively. It also suggests that future research explore the long-term effects of contextual problem-solving on other learning areas, such as critical thinking and creative problem-solving. This approach not only enhances students' mathematical reasoning but also fosters a more engaging and meaningful learning environment, thus preparing students to apply their mathematical knowledge in real-life situations.

One of the literary works "Dodolitdodolitdodolitbret" by Seno Gumira Ajidarma is a story about spirituality, which is told in an ironic way and balances the real and the sign. As a spiritual story experienced by a character named Guru Kiplik. He was very sure that "right prayer is the secret of happiness" But everything changed when he met the nine sons of the island-children. Teacher Kiplik always doesn't accept that their morals are not right, but they can walk on water. The background of this research is the depth of analysis of the intrinsic elements of short stories. Part of the background to the research provided is based on the need for in-depth analysis of the intrinsic elements in the short story so that researchers understand the moral message and social criticism conveyed by the author. The problem in this research is how the intrinsic elements, namely theme, character, plot, setting, point of view, language style and message, work together to produce the meaning of the story. This research uses a structural approach with qualitative descriptive methods. The data used is secondary data obtained through reading and note-taking techniques, then analyzed using the relevant theories. The research results show that this short story has a main theme regarding true belief and opposing principles in carrying out prayer. Kiplik's teaching figures as well as the island's inhabitants reflect the difference between formality and spiritual sincerity. The forward plot, reflective setting, omniscient point of view, and symbolic language style support the delivery of the moral message that sincerity is more important than technical mores. This research recommends further exploration of Seno Gumira Ajidarma's works in the context of social criticism and spirituality, and the use of these short stories as teaching material for understanding humanist values ​​in literature.

Biodiversity is an essential learning source in biology education, providing contextual and meaningful experiences for students. This study aims to explore the integration of biodiversity as a contextual learning source within the biology curriculum. The research employs a qualitative approach through literature studies and case studies in selected schools. Findings indicate that utilizing biodiversity in learning enhances students' ecological awareness, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. Moreover, it fosters a sense of environmental responsibility. The study highlights the importance of developing instructional strategies that effectively integrate local biodiversity into the curriculum. These findings have significant implications for curriculum designers and educators in promoting contextual and sustainable biology learning.

Buddhism is a religion that aims to bring happiness to all living beings through mutual respect, acceptance, celebrating differences, and living peacefully. Of course, this kind of thing is in accordance with multicultural education, one of the aims of which is to develop the ability to recognize, accept, appreciate and celebrate cultural diversity. This qualitative research using literature studies analyzes the significance of multicultural education values ​​in Buddhist teachings. The data analysis technique uses content analysis by sorting things according to the focus and objectives of the research. This research produces the following three conclusions. First, Buddhism teaches tolerance so that its followers can listen to the teachings of other religions with full awareness as stated in "samaggā sakhilā hotha", meaning "let each other be in harmony and do good. Second, Buddhism teaches its followers to behave democratically, which was directly exemplified by the Buddha when making a decision for the Kalama people. Third, Buddhism teaches peace and always avoids all forms of conflict, hostility and fighting because those who can realize this truth will immediately end fighting.  

One of the critical elements affecting nurse performance and impacting the quality of nursing services is the implementation of the head nurse's functions. This role must be effectively integrated into the healthcare system to motivate nurses to provide optimal patient care, thereby improving community health quality. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the head nurse's functions and the performance of bedside nurses in the inpatient wards at RSUD Palangka Raya. Method: This study employed a quantitative method with a correlational research type and a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used was total sampling, involving 34 respondents. Data collection was performed using a questionnaire, and statistical analysis was conducted using the Spearman Rank Correlation test. Results:The results of the Spearman Rank statistical test showed a significance value (2-tailed) of p = 0.00 with a level of significance of p < 0.05, indicating a relationship between the head nurse's functions and the performance of bedside nurses. The correlation coefficient was 0.685, reflecting a high or strong correlation. This positive relationship indicates that as the function of the head nurse improves, the performance of bedside nurses also increases. Therefore, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted, meaning there is a relationship between the head nurse's functions and the performance of bedside nurses. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the head nurse's functions and the performance of bedside nurses. It is recommended that the hospital provide training for head nurses on management functions.

This article describes the implementation of the Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) approach by utilizing the integrated application "BelaJARingan" at SDN Dukuh Menanggal I/424 Surabaya. This study aims to increase student involvement in the learning process, as well as foster a deeper understanding of culture through contextual learning. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation of the learning process in class 4A SDN Dukuh Menanggal I/424 Surabaya involving 30 students with diverse cultural backgrounds. Data analysis was carried out descriptively by grouping the results of observations and interviews to assess the effectiveness of the application of technology-based CRT in increasing student learning motivation and cultural understanding. By integrating digital technology and local culture, this application allows students to access teaching materials, quizzes, and culture-based projects. The results of the study indicate that this approach not only improves learning achievement but also encourages appreciation for cultural diversity. Despite technical constraints, the technology-based CRT approach has proven effective in creating a more interactive and meaningful learning process for students.      

Understanding literacy and linguistics in Indonesia, especially through novel reading, plays an important role in honing students' cognitive skills, such as critical and creative thinking. Syntax as part of linguistic studies, helps students understand language structures that support effective communication and deeper literary appreciation. This study aims to understand the structure and function of active and passive sentences in Indonesian focusing on the types of active and passive sentences and the role of sentence elements in shaping meaning. This study uses methodological and theoretical approaches with qualitative and syntactic descriptive methods to analyze the pattern of sentence function in the novel "9 of Nadira" by Leila S. Chudori. The research process involves data collection, classification, analysis, and presentation of data with listen, record, and bill techniques. The results showed that the sentence function pattern in the novel "9 of Nadira" by Leila S. Chudori uses different sentence patterns in each active and passive voice. Transitive and bitransitive active sentences have additional objects and complements, while intransitive sentences do not, and only sentences with objects can be changed to passive by undergoing changes in their predicates. This research has the benefit of providing a deeper understanding of the structure and function of active and passive sentences in Indonesian.  

Education plays an important role in shaping students' character and competence. One of the challenges faced by the world of education is how to build students' understanding of subject matter that is relevant to the context of their daily lives. In this case, ethnomathematics is a very potential approach to be applied in mathematics learning. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of ethnomatics-based mathematics learning to strengthen cultural values. This study uses a Qualitative research method with a case study approach. This approach allows researchers to explore the experiences, perceptions, and impacts of ethnomathematics learning on students and teachers. The research subjects consisted of: students, teachers and parents. The results of this study indicate that ethnomathematics can improve students' mathematics learning achievement, especially in terms of identifying, translating, understanding the meaning of symbols, understanding and applying mathematical ideas, and making an exploration (estimate) related to mathematical concepts that is better than conventional learning.

The increasing number of internet users makes Indonesia a very potential market for e-commerce. The growth of the middle class and the literacy rate of online buyers and sellers is also growing. E-commerce itself is not new, but its rise marks a new milestone for this industry in the country. Although it is growing quite rapidly, there is still one major problem that is preventing e-commerce in Indonesia from taking off, namely the problem of consumer trust in e-commerce sites. Consumers still do not trust the sales system with a non-physical buying and selling process, do not trust to provide credit card numbers to e-commerce services and are still afraid of fraud. However, this crisis of trust can actually be solved. One of the many ways is to use a payment service that has guaranteed security. Not all e-commerce can provide their own payment system, now there are many services that provide a secure payment system and are especially easy to apply to online stores. E-commerce players can use this payment system easily, quickly and which can improve the performance process in their online stores. However, the selection of services that provide a payment system must also be considered carefully. A secure payment system provider will provide a sense of security to prospective buyers, meaning that consumer trust must be built by e-commerce service providers so that consumers can be comfortable and do not encounter problems in making purchases and paying for products in the online stores provided.Security is important, the use of credit cards is widely highlighted because there are still many unpleasant incidents or fraud that occur due to the use of credit cards. Education on this security needs to be carried out continuously, because it will be related to consumer behavior.

This study investigates the pragmatic strategies employed in digital communication, specifically within social media platforms. As the use of social media continues to rise, understanding how users navigate language and meaning in these contexts becomes increasingly vital. Utilizing a qualitative approach, the research analyzes user interactions on platforms such as Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook to identify key pragmatic strategies, including politeness, implicature, and contextual cues. The findings reveal that social media users employ diverse strategies to convey messages effectively in an environment characterized by brevity and immediacy. Additionally, the research highlights significant cultural influences on language use, showcasing variations in communication styles, humour, and politeness norms across different cultural backgrounds. These insights underscore the importance of cultural awareness in fostering effective cross-cultural communication. Ultimately, this research contributes to the field of pragmatics by enhancing our understanding of the interplay between language, culture, and digital communication. The study also offers practical recommendations for social media users to improve their communication effectiveness, facilitating more respectful and meaningful interactions in the digital space. As digital communication evolves, further exploration of emerging trends and challenges in this area is essential for adapting to the dynamic landscape of human interaction.

Education plays an important role in shaping learners' competencies, including cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects to face the challenges of the times. In Indonesia, education should look at holistic aspects that include character development, life skills and social abilities as mandated in Law No. 20/2003. However, challenges in classroom management and learning boredom often become obstacles. For this reason, innovative approaches are needed, such as the use of interactive learning media. This study aims to examine the effect of using Fun Learning Card media on the learning outcomes of grade XI students at SMA Negeri 21 Surabaya. This media is expected to significantly increase student participation and understanding, overcome boredom, and create more meaningful learning. By using descriptive statistical analysis techniques, standard deviation, and learning outcome categories, the following results were found before using the learning media in cycle 1 with an average score of 49.6. The score was obtained from the lowest score of 35 and the highest score of 70, then also obtained a standard deviation score (P) of 10.2. In cycle 2 using Fun Learning Card media, the highest score was 97 while the lowest score was 76 with an average score of 85.4 and a standard deviation of 6.3.

Literature serves as a medium that can be used to educate and entertain its audience. In comprehending a literary work, readers can employ various approaches, one of which is the structural approach. This approach can be utilized to analyze a short story. This study aims to analyze a short story titled "Hujan untuk Ayu" by Heri Isnaini through a structural approach. The research was conducted by collecting data through qualitative methods and analyzing the elements that constitute the short story. The data used is the short story "Hujan untuk Ayu" by Heri Isnaini, which was published in the daily newspaper Pos Jawa Radar Banyuwangi on July 20, 2024. By conducting a study using a structural approach, readers can more easily understand the overall meaning contained in the short story. The research results will describe the elements that make up the short story, such as (1) theme, (2) plot, (3) characters and characterization, (4) setting, (5) message, (6) point of view, and (7) style of language found in the short story "Hujan untuk Ayu" by Heri Isnaini. It is hoped that this research can provide an understanding of analyzing a short story using a structural approach.

This study focuses on the study to find out the meaning of the Ende Book Song No. 17 "Raja Natumimbul" and the way the congregation sings the Ende Book song at GKLI Amborgang Resort Parlilitan. This research uses a qualitative method with a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and observable behaviors and data collection techniques through the results of interviews, observations, and documentation, The location of the research was conducted at the GKLI Amborgang Ressort Parliltan Church, Sihashabinsaran Village, Parlilitan District, Humbang Hasundutan The object of the research was 6 people, namely to Pastors, Church Teachers, Musicians and to. Thus, it can be concluded that the meaning of the song King Natumimbul has a very deep meaning, which means that here there is a confession of the Lord God, the creator of all things, so that all that he creates praises God because he is the most exalted king of all. The song of King Natumimbul when sung is also full of enthusiasm because this song means that only God is the supreme King, only He is the king who should be worshipped. The hope is that the people of the GKLI Amborgang congregation will receive blessings from God and invite sinners to worship him.

Language serves as a crucial instrument for shaping communication and fostering understanding across diverse contexts. Effective text organization can prevent misunderstandings, making a deep understanding of English text systems and structures essential. Discourse analysis, which examines language use in social contexts to create meaning and facilitate communication, is vital for appreciating the subtleties of language and the strategies employed by speakers and writers. This study focuses on the role of references within discourse. Using Jane Austen’s Persuasion as a data source, this research applies Halliday and Hasan’s (1976) framework to analyze the types of anaphoric and cataphoric references. Through a descriptive qualitative methodology and document analysis, the study identifies a higher frequency of anaphoric references compared to cataphoric ones. This analysis provides insights into Austen’s storytelling techniques.

General elections (elections) in Indonesia are a major pillar of democracy that require strict supervision and management to ensure fairness and transparency. Independent institutions such as the General Election Commission (KPU), the Election Supervisory Body (BAWASLU), and the Election Organizer Honorary Council (DKPP) play a key role in maintaining election integrity. The KPU is responsible for organizing elections at all levels of government, including planning, implementing, and supervising election stages, with a focus on transparency and public participation. BAWASLU functions as a supervisor to prevent and prosecute election violations, while the DKPP is tasked with handling violations of the election organizer's code of ethics. The research of this paper aims to understand the meaning and main tasks or authorities and functions of each of these institutions. The method used in this study is Library Research and Internet Searching, a literature review of literature in the form of books and articles from relevant internet sources. The results of the analysis show that the synergy between the KPU, BAWASLU, and DKPP is very important in creating democratic and integrity-based elections, with each institution having a role or authority, responsibility, and complementary functions. A deep understanding of the duties and functions of these three institutions is expected to improve the quality of election implementation in Indonesia.

Khoirudin. Effectiveness of District Integrated Administration Services (PATEN) on Public Services at the Banyuasin III Sub-district Office of Banyuasin Regency. This study aims to describe the effectiveness of the District Integrated Administration Service (PATEN) on public services at the Banyuasin III District Head Office, Banyuasin Regency. This research was conducted for three months using a quantitative approach. Data was collected through questionnaires, observation, and documentation. Data analysis techniques are carried out by presenting data, reducing data, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the organizational characteristics in Banyuasin III District in providing administrative services were quite good, where the organizational structure and management went well, each employee had individual skills and abilities that could be developed as well as good adaptability in dealing with situations. certain situations. Environmental characteristics, in administrative services in the District, can be said to be able to read the environmental situation and adjust to existing conditions, meaning that they continue to learn and work well in order to serve the needs of the community in today's modern era. Employees, besides that they must continue to learn and develop in the face of the increasing needs of the community in managing administration in the District, on the other hand they must also behave well and be trustworthy in carrying out their duties. Vertical and horizontal communication at the Banyuasin III District Office has been running well. Then for the reward itself, although it has not been fully implemented, it has been carried out gradually to improve employee performance. As for the attention to employees is quite good.