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The development of digital technology in the 21st century has significantly influenced educational practices, including the teaching of history in schools. Conventional teaching methods often make history learning less engaging and limit students’ active participation. Therefore, innovative learning models based on digital technology are needed to improve the quality of history education and support the development of 21st-century skills such as critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration. This study aims to examine the role of innovative digital technology-based learning models in history learning to enhance students’ 21st-century skills. The research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method by analyzing various academic sources such as books, journal articles, and relevant research publications. The findings indicate that the integration of digital technology in innovative learning models can increase students’ engagement, improve their understanding of historical events, and encourage active learning through interactive media and digital resources. Furthermore, the use of digital technology enables students to access diverse historical sources and develop analytical and interpretative abilities. The study implies that the implementation of digital-based innovative learning models in history education can support more meaningful learning and contribute to the development of students’ competencies needed in the digital era.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based learning media and its implications for student learning motivation in Islamic Religious Education (PAI). This study uses a systematic literature review approach by examining various reputable scientific articles discussing the integration of AI in education and the dynamics of learning motivation in the context of PAI. The results of the study indicate that the use of AI through adaptive learning systems, educational chatbots, gamification, and learning analytics can increase the effectiveness, personalization, and interactivity of learning. This implementation has a positive impact on cognitive motivation through increased conceptual understanding, affective motivation through active participation and emotional engagement, and spiritual motivation through strengthening reflection and internalization of Islamic values. However, ethical challenges, the risk of depersonalization of the teacher's role, and inequality in digital access are crucial issues that require policy attention and human-centered pedagogical design. Theoretically, this study offers an integrative conceptual framework that combines technological innovation with Islamic educational epistemology. Practically, the results of this study provide recommendations for teachers, schools, and policymakers to develop AI-based PAI learning models that are adaptive, ethical, and oriented towards character building.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of human resource management at Company X in improving organizational performance. Human resources are a strategic factor that plays an important role in supporting the operational success of a company. This research uses a descriptive approach with qualitative methods supported by simple quantitative data analysis. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation related to workforce management within the company. The results indicate that the number of employees has increased along with the development of the company's operational activities. The workforce structure is dominated by productive-age employees who have good adaptability to technological developments and work demands. However, several challenges were identified in human resource management, particularly in workforce planning, recruitment processes, and the effectiveness of training and employee performance evaluation programs. Therefore, the company needs to improve its human resource management system through more selective recruitment processes, relevant training programs, and a more objective performance evaluation system. These improvements are expected to enhance employee productivity and strengthen the company's competitiveness.

Gluten-free flour-based cookie products face a major challenge in producing physicochemical and sensory characteristics equivalent to wheat-based products due to the absence of gluten as a structural component. One common approach to address this issue is the addition of hydrocolloids, such as glucomannan and xanthan gum. This study aims to systematically examine the effect of the ratio of glucomannan and xanthan gum on the texture characteristics, spreadability, and sensory properties of gluten-free flour-based chocolate cookies using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The literature search process was carried out on several scientific databases using keywords related to gluten-free cookies, glucomannan, xanthan gum, texture, spreadability, and sensory properties. Selected articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, then analyzed and synthesized narratively with reference to the PRISMA guidelines. The results of the study indicate that xanthan gum tends to increase the hardness and structural stability of cookies, but can decrease spreadability and crispiness at high concentrations. Conversely, glucomannan plays a role in enhancing softness and mouthfeel through its high water-binding capacity, although it can potentially limit spreadability if used excessively. The combination of glucomannan and xanthan gum exhibits a synergistic effect in balancing textural characteristics and enhancing sensory acceptability. In conclusion, optimizing the ratio of glucomannan to xanthan gum is a key factor in developing gluten-free chocolate cookies with optimal physicochemical and sensory characteristics.

This study discusses the importance of family-focused Christian theology in building children's character in the digital era through the Christian Religious Education (PAK) approach. The transformation of information and communication technology has brought major changes, including in the fields of education and character formation. The digital era provides opportunities to increase knowledge and access to learning, but also raises challenges in the form of weakening moral values, integrity, and relationships within the family. The family as a divine institution has a primary role in teaching Christian values ​​through role models, communication, and direct experience. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach, which reviews literature and observations of Christian education practices both in families and schools. The results show that families have an important role in developing children's faith and character, while PAK serves as a link between faith education at home and formal education at school. PAK is considered relevant because it can unite students' cognitive, affective, and conative aspects in facing the influence of digital culture. Overall, family-based Christian theology supported by PAK has great relevance in shaping a young generation with integrity, critical thinking, and character. This approach not only instills knowledge of faith but also prepares students to become responsible and wise leaders in utilizing technology in accordance with Christian values.

Loan management is one of the important aspects of cooperative financial management because it plays a role in supporting the growth of the cooperative and improving member welfare. This study aims to analyze the role of loan management at Koperasi Suru Pudi Koting and its impact on member welfare. The research method used is qualitative descriptive. Data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis was carried out by relating field findings to theories of financial management, cooperative growth, and member welfare. The results of this study show that loan management at KSP Kopdit Suru Pudi Koting has been implemented through stages of loan feasibility assessment, establishment of loan procedures and policies, as well as supervision and loan collection. This loan management contributes to the growth of the cooperative, reflected in the increase in assets, business volume, and the remaining business results (SHU). In addition, loan management also has an impact on improving members' welfare through easier access to capital, increased income, and the quality of cooperative services.

This internship program aims to find out the important role of management accountability in controlling operational costs to improve financial performance in savings and loan cooperatives of Bahtera Sejahtera Credit Union.The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation,interviews,and documentation. The role of management accounting in controlling operational costs to improve financial performance in the Bahtera Sejahtera Maumere Credit Union savings and loan cooperative,it can be concluded that management accounting has a very important role in supporting management decision-making.Through the application of management accounting,cooperatives can plan,control,and evaluate operational costs more effectively and efficiently. Controlling operational costs through budgeting,cost analysis,and internal financial reporting can help management identify cost wastage and improve resource use efficiency.This has a positive impact on the financial performance of cooperatives,which is reflected in increased operational effectiveness and financial stability. Thus,the implementation of good management accounting in the Bahtera Sejahtera Maumere Credit Union savings and loan cooperative can be a strategic tool in improving financial performance and supporting the sustainability and growth of the cooperative can be a strategic tool in improving financial performance and supporting the sustainability and growth of the cooperative in the future

This study aims to analyze the impact of the implementation of accounting standards and digital technology in improving financial performance at the Savings and Loan cooperative KSP. Kopdit Sube Huter. The background of the study is based on the importance of accountable, transparent, and relevant financial reports as a basis for decision-making, especially in Savings and Loan cooperatives that manage member funds. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation during the internship at KSP. Kopdit Sube Huter. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of accounting standards although still using SAK ETAP and in the transition stage to SAK EP, is able to improve the order and comparability of financial reports. In addition, the use of digital technology through the SIKOPDIT system plays a role in increasing the efficiency of transaction recording, the accuracy of financial data, and the timeliness of financial report preparation. The impact of the implementation of accounting standards and digital technology is reflected in the improvement in the cooperative’s financial performance, as indicated by the growth in the number of members and the increase in Net Operating income (SHU) during the 2021-2024 period. Thus, the implementation of appropriate accounting standards and the synergistic use of digital technology have been proven to contribute positively to the financial performance of KSP. Kopdit Sube Huter.

Globally, anemia among pregnant women remains a major public health problem, with a prevalence of 41.8% in 2024 according to WHO data. In Indonesia, the incidence of anemia in pregnancy continues to increase, affecting both maternal and fetal health. Therefore, further analysis of the determinants influencing anemia among pregnant women is necessary. This study aimed to analyze risk factors associated with anemia and identify the dominant factor among pregnant women in the Working Area of Ogan Komering Ilir Regency in 2025. This research employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach, involving 110 pregnant women attending Muara Burnai, Kutaraya, and Rantau Durian Community Health Centers from July to August 2025, using Accidental Sampling technique. The results showed that most respondents were aged 20 years, had higher education, poor knowledge, income below the regional minimum wage, low family support, poor compliance with iron tablet consumption, and suboptimal ANC visit achievement. Significant associations were found between age, education, knowledge, family support, pregnancy interval, iron tablet adherence, and ANC visit achievement with anemia incidence, while occupation, income, and healthcare workers’ roles were not significantly related. The most dominant factor influencing anemia was ANC visit achievement. Improving ANC compliance and nutrition education should be prioritized to reduce the incidence of anemia among pregnant women.

This study focuses on micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Central Jakarta, which play an important role in the national economy, particularly through their contribution to state revenue from the taxation sector. The purpose of this study is to examine how taxpayers’ knowledge and compliance with tax regulations influence tax revenue generated from the MSME sector. The distribution of questionnaires to MSME taxpayers was used as the main instrument to collect research data through a quantitative approach. A total of 164 respondents were selected using a purposive sampling method by considering specific criteria relevant to the research objectives. To evaluate and analyze the collected data, this study employed SmartPLS software using the Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The results indicate that tax revenue from MSMEs is positively and significantly influenced by taxpayer compliance in fulfilling their tax obligations. Furthermore, there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between the level of tax knowledge and the increase in tax revenue. These findings highlight the importance of improving taxpayers’ understanding and compliance as an effort to enhance tax revenue from the MSME sector. This study is expected to provide practical contributions to the Directorate General of Taxes in formulating more effective policies to improve compliance and optimize tax revenue from MSME taxpayers.

Dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain, is a common health issue among adolescent girls, often disrupting daily activities and quality of life. Effective management of dysmenorrhea is strongly influenced by the level of knowledge and attitudes of adolescent girls toward this condition. This literature review aims to analyze the relationship between knowledge and attitudes regarding the management of menstrual pain among adolescent girls. Various studies indicate that while adequate knowledge about dysmenorrhea is important, the correlation between knowledge and attitude is not always significant. Some research finds that good knowledge does not necessarily translate into a positive attitude towards pain management, as other factors such as stress, anxiety, and reluctance to take action also play a role. However, there are studies that show a positive relationship between increased knowledge and better attitudes toward dysmenorrhea management,  although the strength of this association is very weak. Most adolescents tend to choose non-pharmacological management, such as rest and warm compresses, but many still ignore menstrual pain due to a lack of knowledge and information. Therefore, educational interventions and counseling in schools are essential to improve knowledge and foster positive attitudes in managing dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls. These efforts are expected to help adolescent girls manage menstrual pain more effectively and enhance their quality of life.

Achilles tendon rupture is a common lower extremity injury that significantly affects functional mobility and gait performance. Post-operative patients frequently experience pain, edema, limited range of motion (ROM), muscle weakness, and impaired ambulation. Physiotherapy rehabilitation plays a crucial role in restoring tissue integrity and functional capacity. This case study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of combined electrotherapy modalities and therapeutic exercises in a post-operative left Achilles tendon rupture patient. The intervention included ultrasound therapy, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), infrared therapy, dry needling combined with Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (PENS), and progressive therapeutic exercises such as isometric training and calf raises. Clinical outcomes were evaluated through ROM measurement, Manual Muscle Testing (MMT), edema observation, and gait analysis across four therapy sessions. Results demonstrated gradual improvement in dorsiflexion and plantarflexion ROM, reduction of edema, increased gastrocnemius-soleus muscle strength, and restoration of independent ambulation without assistive devices. The multimodal physiotherapy approach appears to support tendon healing, enhance neuromuscular activation, and accelerate functional recovery during the subacute post-operative phase.

This research is motivated by the importance of guiding students in using digital technology in a positive way. The implementation of digital literacy enables students to use digital technology wisely and responsibly. This study aims to explore the importance of digital literacy, the impact of digital technology development on student’s character, the implementation of digital literacy for improving 21st-century skills, and the role of digital literacy for personalizing a generation with strong character, specifically at SMK Budi Mulia Pakisaji. This research is using a qualitative descriptive method, using purposive technique sampling and data triangulation techniques. This study uses an interactive model of data analysis. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, and open-ended questionnaires. The results show that digital literacy supports the improvement of students’s 21st-century skills, known as the 6Cs: critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, communication, character, and citizenship. Digital literacy is integrated into IPAS (Science, Social, and Environmental Education) learning and implemented through the SMART (Spesific-Measurable-Achievable-Relevant-Time bound) digital concept. The implementation of digital literacy supports the achievement of IPAS learning goals, to make meaningfull learning experience, and students are able to produce a creation in IPAS projects. Students are able to solve problems using digital technology, select useful content, manage their time effectively, and become a lifelong learner. Furthermore, digital literacy supports the students to increase their knowledge, skills, and attitudes aligned with the values of Pancasila.

The phenomenon of recidivism in narcotics crimes indicates that the rehabilitation and punishment approaches applied have not been fully able to prevent recurrence of crimes. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of law enforcement against recidivists in narcotics crimes in two court decisions, namely Decision Number 154/Pid.Sus/2018/PN Yyk and Decision Number 51/Pid.Sus/2020/PN Tte. Case studies are used to assess the effectiveness of law enforcement, especially against perpetrators who have previously undergone rehabilitation but have re-committed crimes with more complex roles. This study uses a normative legal method with a statutory approach and a case approach, which are analyzed qualitatively based on law enforcement theory and the objectives of punishment. The results show that normatively there are regulations on rehabilitation and increased sentences for recidivists, but their effectiveness is not optimal, partly due to the lack of post-rehabilitation regulations that are expressly regulated in the law and the lack of integrated data systems between rehabilitation institutions and the courts. This condition causes rehabilitation to not fully function as a preventive instrument against recurrence of crimes. This study recommends strengthening post-rehabilitation regulations and integrating information systems between agencies as part of a more preventive and sustainable criminal law policy reform.

The Role digital marketing nowadays become part important in today's business strategies implemented by MSMEs, which is enable MSMEs to​​ reach the target market with more broad , measurable , and efficient in global value chain (GVC) context . Digital marketing strategies do not  can denied  involving various elements, including optimization machine search engine optimization (SEO), marketing through social media, digital advertising, marketing content ,and also email marketing. In buniess process of PT Bungas food Nusatra abalikpapan tahy have product a weadang dayang.  In facing such a market dynamic, marketing strategy must capable adapt with current digital trends including Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) approach to create greater urgency and involvement​ tall in a way contextual relation with the value chain that creates consumer new abroad or​ marketing across countries by them. In this case, on of the challege ib export product process. The methods of research here, is survey and looking some literature that related in this subject discussion and research, the conclusion is  the With utilise trend this company​ can increase visibility brand , strengthen interaction with customers  and encourage conversion sale in a way more effective and This strategy expected can give impact positive to growth business and power competition companies in the digital era in more fluently in global value chain (GVC).

The phenomenon of moral degradation and the increase in negative activities among children during the crucial hours between dusk and evening have become serious challenges for the community in Ujung Negeri Kahan Village. This community service research aims to evaluate and optimize the role of the "Maghrib Mengaji" program as a preventive instrument to shield children from unhealthy environmental influences and gadget dependency. The method employed in this service is participatory mentoring using the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, involving religious leaders, parents, and village officials. Through the restructuring of activities in mosques and prayer rooms, this program focuses not only on Qur'anic literacy but also on the cultivation of noble character (akhlakul karimah). The results indicate a significant transformation in behavior; children who previously engaged in counterproductive outdoor activities are now more focused on positive spiritual and social endeavors. The success of the program is indicated by a decrease in the intensity of nighttime wandering and an increase in learning discipline. The conclusion of this activity confirms that community synergy through structured religious programs is effective in reducing the potential for juvenile delinquency and strengthening the moral resilience of the younger generation at the rural level.

Economic empowerment of rural communities through the strengthening of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is a crucial pillar in achieving national economic independence. One of the fundamental obstacles faced by MSMEs in rural areas is financial exclusion due to low digital literacy and dependence on conventional cash transaction systems. The Community Service Program (KKN) of students from the State Islamic University of North Sumatra (UIN SU) in Pematang Tengah Village was designed to bridge this gap by optimizing the Indonesian Standard Quick Response Code (QRIS). Through an intensive participatory mentoring approach, students acted as agents of digital transformation who educated, trained, and facilitated 10 local MSME actors in adopting non-cash payment technology. The results of the program show a significant shift from digital skepticism to digital trust. The implementation of QRIS has been proven to increase operational efficiency, financial management accuracy, and strengthen the image of business modernity in the eyes of consumers. This article emphasizes that the role of students is not merely as information deliverers, but as catalysts of social capital that is crucial for the sustainability of digitalization at the village level.

This study is motivated by the increasing use of digital technology and the influence of psychological factors, particularly Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), on consumer purchasing decisions, especially in gold investment products. Along with the digitalization of financial services, Pegadaian introduced the Tring! Application as a digital transaction platform expected to increase Galeri 24 gold sales. This study aims to analyze the effect of Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and the use of the Tring! Application on the increase in Galeri 24 gold sales at Pegadaian Sunter Branch, both partially and simultaneously.This research employs a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 90 customers of Pegadaian Sunter Branch who have used the Tring! Application. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of IBM SPSS software, including t-test, F-test, and coefficient of determination. The results indicate that Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and the use of the Tring! Application have a positive and significant effect on the increase in Galeri 24 gold sales, both partially and simultaneously. These findings highlight the important role of psychological factors and digital application utilization in driving gold product sales growth.

Stunting is a complex public health problem that requires a multisectoral approach in its management. This community service aims to increase the capacity of village officials and Village Consultative Body (BPD) in handling stunting through the strategic role of management higher education institutions. The method used is a participatory approach involving 18 participants consisting of village officials and BPD members. The activities were carried out through stages of needs analysis, stunting program management training, action plan development assistance, and monitoring evaluation. The results showed a significant increase in participants' understanding of stunting program management (from 45% to 85%), the formation of a stunting management working team at the village level, and the preparation of a comprehensive stunting management action plan. The social change that has been realized is increased cross-sectoral coordination in handling stunting and the formation of a data-based monitoring system at the village level. Management higher education institutions play a strategic role in building the managerial capacity of village officials to manage stunting programs effectively and sustainably.

This research explores assertive speech acts found on the Satu Persen YouTube Channel, particularly in the video titled “Strategies to Increase Productivity.” Assertive speech acts are considered significant as they serve to deliver information, clarification, and recommendations that can influence the audience’s perceptions and behaviors. The main objective of this study is to identify the forms of assertive speech acts that appear and explain their functions in reinforcing educational and motivational messages. This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach using observation and note-taking techniques. The data, taken from utterances in four purposively selected videos, were transcribed and categorized according to the types of assertive speech acts. The findings reveal a total of 194 assertive speech acts encompassing various forms, including stating, demanding, admitting, reporting, showing, mentioning, testifying, and speculating. Among these, the stating form appeared most frequently with 73 occurrences, followed by admitting, saying, and speculating. These results suggest that the creator focuses on delivering factual, logical, and structured information to facilitate audience comprehension. Overall, this study emphasizes the crucial role of assertive speech acts in conveying educational and motivational messages while demonstrating YouTube’s potential as an effective medium for academic communication and contributing to the advancement of pragmatic studies.